A Canadian Patrol Frigate's Operational Energy Use Patterns
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Santa Maria Manuela Manual
SANTA MARIA MANUELA SHIPS MANUAL FOR TRAINEE GUESTS WELCOME AND INTRODUCTION Santa Maria Manuela (SMM) was launched on May 10 1937, in Lisbon, Portugal. The ship was built in the CUF shipyard in 62 days, together with its sister ship Creoula. The moment when the hull of SMM touched the waters of the River Tagus was witnessed by thousands, capturing the hearts of the people of Portugal, and marking the beginning of an iconic journey. Between 1937 and 1993, SMM transported thousands of sailors to Newfoundland and Greenland in the pursuit of cod, the prize catch for the people of Portugal. Life was harsh onboard. Sailors had to contend with cramped cold conditions below decks, and above with the bitter chill of the north winds, frequent storms and long hours fishing the perilous seas of the Grand Banks in small boats. In 1940 a new danger emerged; the submarines of the II World War. Santa Maria Manuela is one of the last ships of the mythical White Fleet – a group of cod-fishing vessels that had their hulls painted white to avoid being torpedoed during the military conflicts. Between 2007 and 2010 the ship was rebuilt by the fishing group Pascoal, and subsequently was taken on by Recheio Cash & Carry, part of the Jeronimo Martins Group. The farsighted vision of the current owners has created a culture of sail training, expedition, exploration and team development aboard the Santa Maria Manuela. Passenger trainees are welcomed aboard as members of the sailing crew. During your voyage you will be given every opportunity get personally involved in the sailing of the ship. -
Esps Canarias
European Union Naval Force - Mediterranean ESPS CANARIAS Frigate Santa Maria class Frigate Santa Maria class Length / Beam / Draft 138 m / 14,3 m / 7,5 m Displacement 3,900 t Speed 29 knots (maximum turbine) Source: Spanish Defense website http://www.armada.mde.es The Ship ESPS CANARIAS is the sixth frigate of the 41st Escorts Squadron; she was built by Navantia in Ferrol, and delivered to the Navy in December 1994. ESPS CANARIAS home port is Rota Naval Base in the south of Spain. ESPS CANARIAS is fitted with a helicopter SH-60 and Marine Boarding Team that completes her capabilities and ensures she is capable of conducting the missions and tasks assigned by EUNAVFOR MED. The Santa Maria Class is a multirole warship able to carry out missions ranging from high intensity warfare integrated into a battle group and conducting offensive and defensive operations, to low intensity scenarios against non-conventional threats. Designed primarily to act in the interests of the State in the maritime areas overseas and participate in the settlement crises outside Europe, this leading warship can also be integrated into a naval air force. It may operate in support of an intervention force or protection of commercial traffic and perform special operations or humanitarian missions. The Santa Maria class frigates, like destroyers and corvettes, are given the generic name of escorts with the main task of protecting other units and maintaining sea lines of communications. However, their versatility allows the F-80 frigates to carry out a wide range of missions, which can be grouped into two broad categories: • Maritime Interdiction Operations: known as 'MIO operations', these consist of shipping control in a given area to ensure the maintenance of safe passage within any given restrictions or regulations as ruled by International Organisations. -
U.S. Navy Ships-Of-The-Line
U.S. Navy – Ships-of-the-line A Frigate vs A Ship-of-the-Line: What’s the difference? FRIGATE: A vessel of war which is: 1) “ship” rigged, i.e. – with at least three masts (fore, main, & mizzen) & each mast carries the horizontal yards from which the principle sails are set; 2) this “ship-rigged vessel of war” is a FRIGATE because it has one covered, principle gun deck – USS Constitution is therefore a FRIGATE by class (illus. left) SHIP-OF-THE-LINE: A vessel of war which is: 1) “ship” rigged (see above); 2) this “ship-rigged vessel of war” is a SHIP-OF-THE-LINE because it has two or more covered gun decks – HMS Victory is therefore a SHIP-OF-THE-LINE by class (illus. right) HMS Victory (1765); 100+ guns; 820 officers Constitution preparing to battle Guerriere, & crew; oldest commissioned warship in the M.F. Corne, 1812 – PEM Coll. world, permanently dry docked in England Pg. 1 NMM Coll. An Act, 2 January 1813 – for the construction of the U.S. Navy’s first Ships-of-the-line USS Independence was the first ship-of-the-line launched for the USN from the Boston (Charlestown) Navy Yard on 22 June 1814: While rated for 74-guns, Independence was armed with 87 guns when she was launched. USS Washington was launched at the Portsmouth Navy Yard, 1 October 1814 USS Pennsylvania – largest sailing warship built for the USN USS Pennsylvania – rated for 136 guns on three covered gun decks + guns on her upper (spar) deck – the largest sailing warship ever built. -
Naval Postgraduate School Thesis
NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY, CALIFORNIA THESIS A STUDY OF THE RUSSIAN ACQUISITION OF THE FRENCH MISTRAL AMPHIBIOUS ASSAULT WARSHIPS by Patrick Thomas Baker June 2011 Thesis Advisor: Mikhail Tsypkin Second Reader: Douglas Porch Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE Form Approved OMB No. 0704-0188 Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instruction, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Washington headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202-4302, and to the Office of Management and Budget, Paperwork Reduction Project (0704-0188) Washington DC 20503. 1. AGENCY USE ONLY (Leave blank) 2. REPORT DATE 3. REPORT TYPE AND DATES COVERED June 2011 Master‘s Thesis 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE 5. FUNDING NUMBERS A Study of the Russian Acquisition of the French Mistral Amphibious Assault Warships 6. AUTHOR(S) Patrick Thomas Baker 7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION Naval Postgraduate School REPORT NUMBER Monterey, CA 93943-5000 9. SPONSORING /MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 10. SPONSORING/MONITORING N/A AGENCY REPORT NUMBER 11. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES The views expressed in this thesis are those of the author and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense or the U.S. -
The Cost of the Navy's New Frigate
OCTOBER 2020 The Cost of the Navy’s New Frigate On April 30, 2020, the Navy awarded Fincantieri Several factors support the Navy’s estimate: Marinette Marine a contract to build the Navy’s new sur- face combatant, a guided missile frigate long designated • The FFG(X) is based on a design that has been in as FFG(X).1 The contract guarantees that Fincantieri will production for many years. build the lead ship (the first ship designed for a class) and gives the Navy options to build as many as nine addi- • Little if any new technology is being developed for it. tional ships. In this report, the Congressional Budget Office examines the potential costs if the Navy exercises • The contractor is an experienced builder of small all of those options. surface combatants. • CBO estimates the cost of the 10 FFG(X) ships • An independent estimate within the Department of would be $12.3 billion in 2020 (inflation-adjusted) Defense (DoD) was lower than the Navy’s estimate. dollars, about $1.2 billion per ship, on the basis of its own weight-based cost model. That amount is Other factors suggest the Navy’s estimate is too low: 40 percent more than the Navy’s estimate. • The costs of all surface combatants since 1970, as • The Navy estimates that the 10 ships would measured per thousand tons, were higher. cost $8.7 billion in 2020 dollars, an average of $870 million per ship. • Historically the Navy has almost always underestimated the cost of the lead ship, and a more • If the Navy’s estimate turns out to be accurate, expensive lead ship generally results in higher costs the FFG(X) would be the least expensive surface for the follow-on ships. -
The Naval Forces of Belligerents
International Law Studies—Volume 50 THE LAW OF WAR AND NEUTRALITY AT SEA Robert W. Tucker (Author) The thoughts and opinions expressed are those of the authors and not necessarily of the U.S. Government, the U.S. Department of the Navy or the Naval War College. III. THE NAVAL FORCES OF BELLIGERENTS A. THE NAVAL FORCES OF BELLIGERENTS ACCORDING TO THE TRADITIONAL LAW In warfare at sea it is important to be able to identify clearly the naval forces of belligerents. The reason for this is that many of the rules regu lating inter-belligerent and neutral-belligerent relations are dependent for their operation upon the possibility of distinguishing between combatants and non-combatants. Only the naval forces of a belligerent are permitted to conduct offensive operations against an enemy. In addition, the treat ment accorded to a belligerent vessel depends, in the first place, upon whether or not the vessel forms a part of the belligerent's naval forces. Whereas the naval vessels of a belligerent are subject to attack and destruc tion on sight, enemy merchant vessels are normally exempt fro1n such treat ment. Whereas title to a vessel in the military service of an enemy immedi ately vests in the government of the captor by virtue of the fact of capture, title to an enemy merchant vessel normally depends upon adjudication by a prize court. So also may the treatment of personnel taken from enemy ves sels differ, depending upon the status of the vessel. Finally, the traditional rules governing neutral-belligerent relations in naval war presuppose throughout the possibility of distinguishing between the naval forces of belligerent and belligerent merchant vessels. -
Navy Light Amphibious Warship (LAW) Program: Background and Issues for Congress
Navy Light Amphibious Warship (LAW) Program: Background and Issues for Congress Updated July 22, 2020 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R46374 SUMMARY R46374 Navy Light Amphibious Warship (LAW) July 22, 2020 Program: Background and Issues for Congress Ronald O'Rourke The Navy’s new Light Amphibious Warship (LAW) program envisions procuring a class of 28 to Specialist in Naval Affairs 30 new amphibious ships to support the Marine Corps, particularly in implementing a new Marine Corps operational concept called Expeditionary Advanced Base Operations (EABO). The Navy’s proposed FY2021 budget requests $30 million in research and development funding for initial industry studies and concept design work on the ship. The Navy envisions procuring the ships on an expedited schedule, with the first LAWs potentially being procured in FY2023 and a total of 28 notionally being procured by FY2026. The EABO concept was developed with an eye toward potential conflict scenarios with China in the Western Pacific. Under the concept, the Marine Corps envisions, among other things, having reinforced-platoon-sized Marine Corps units maneuver around the theater, moving from island to island, to fire anti-ship cruise missiles (ASCMs) and perform other missions so as to contribute, alongside Navy and other U.S. military forces, to U.S. operations to counter and deny sea control to Chinese forces. The LAW ships would be instrumental to these operations, with LAWs embarking, transporting, landing, and subsequently reembarking these small Marine Corps units. As conceived by the Navy and Marine Corps, LAWs would be much smaller and individually much less expensive to procure and operate than the Navy’s current amphibious ships. -
Name: Edhelper Naval Changes in the War
Name: edHelper Naval Changes in the War When the Civil War began, it did not just affect the army, but the navy as well. When the war began, naval battles were fought in wooden ships. In months, though, they were experimenting with ironclad ships, submarines, and torpedoes. Perhaps the most well known ironclad ships were the Merrimac and the Monitor. Ironclads were so named because of the iron plates which covered the parts of the ship above the water. The Merrimac was a Union ship that had been burned and sunk. The Confederates raised her and used the hull as the basis for their new ironclad warship. She was renamed the C.S.S. Virginia, but was still known as the Merrimac. She rode low in the water which made her hard to steer. However, she was well built, and her crew was determined to show it. On March 8, 1862, the Merrimac sailed up the James River and attacked the blockaded ships at Hampton Roads. She rammed and sunk the steamship Cumberland and then attacked the frigate Congress. Cannon balls bounced off of the Merrimac and seemed to do no harm. The next day, the U.S.S. Monitor arrived to protect the Union ships. She was determined to stop the Merrimac from sinking more ships. She was faster and easier to maneuver, but the Merrimac was bigger, stronger, and carried more guns. The two ironclads began fighting it out. They fired their cannons back and forth at each other. The Merrimac tried ramming the Monitor, but her iron ram had broken off the day before. -
Fact Sheet on U.S. Nuclear Powered Warship (NPW) Safety
Fact Sheet on U.S. Nuclear Powered Warship (NPW) Safety 1. Commitments of the U.S. Government about the Safety of U.S. NPWs U.S. Nuclear Powered Warships (NPWs) have safely operated for more than 50 years without experiencing any reactor accident or any release of radioactivity that hurt human health or had an adverse effect on marine life. Naval reactors have an outstanding record of over 134 million miles safely steamed on nuclear power, and they have amassed over 5700 reactor-years of safe operation. Currently, the U.S. has 83 nuclear-powered ships: 72 submarines, 10 aircraft carriers and one research vessel. These NPWs make up about forty percent of major U.S. naval combatants, and they visit over 150 ports in over 50 countries, including approximately 70 ports in the U.S. and three in Japan. Regarding the safety of NPWs visiting Japanese ports, the U.S. Government has made firm commitments including those in the Aide-Memoire of 1964; the Statement by the U.S. Government on Operation of Nuclear Powered Warships in Foreign Ports of 1964; the Aide-Memoire of 1967; and the Memorandum of Conversation of 1968. Since 1964 U.S. NPWs have visited Japanese ports (i.e., Yokosuka, Sasebo and White Beach) more than 1200 times. The results of monitoring in these ports conducted by the Government of Japan and the U.S. Government, respectively, demonstrate that the operation of U.S. NPWs does not result in any increase in the general background radioactivity of the environment. The U.S. Government states that every single aspect of these commitments continues to be firmly in place. -
Glossary of Terms
Glossary of Terms Below are new words for our Glossary of Terms based on AB Barlow’s activities the last couple of weeks. To see all the terms from AB Barlow’s past activities, please scroll down. Battle of Cape St. Vincent – one of the first battles of the Anglo-Spanish War (1796-1808). The battle was a decisive English victory and saw four Spanish ships of the line captured by the British; two by Horatio Nelson Battle of Flamborough Head – a battle fought during the American War of Independence during which Captain John Paul Jones captured the British frigate Serapis even as his own ship, Bonhomme Richard, sank out from under him Boarding – the act of sending sailors or soldiers from one’s own ship to an enemy ship for the purpose of capturing the other vessel. In modern context, boarding can also occur for more peaceful purposes such as a safety or customs inspection Brig – a ship with two masts, both carrying square sails. Also, a jail located on board a ship Cutting Out – the act of attacking a ship from small boats filled with sailors or marines. Often used as a surprise tactic Fighting Top – a platform part way up a ship’s mast used as a firing position by sharpshooters during a naval engagement First-Rate – the largest warships in the now-obsolete Royal Navy ranking system. Generally, first-rates mounted around 100 carriage guns Frigate – a small, fast warship; usually built for maneuverability and speed over firepower Gangway – traditionally, a narrow passage connecting a ship’s quarterdeck and forecastle. -
MEDIEVAL SEAMANSHIP UNDER SAIL by TULLIO VIDONI B. A., The
MEDIEVAL SEAMANSHIP UNDER SAIL by TULLIO VIDONI B. A., The University of British Columbia, 1986. A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS in THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES (Department of History) We accept this thesis as conforming to the required standards THE UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA September 19 8 7 <§)Tullio Vidoni U 6 In presenting this thesis in partial fulfilment of the requirements for an advanced degree at the University of British Columbia, I agree that the Library shall make it freely available for reference and study. I further agree that permission for extensive copying of this thesis for scholarly purposes may be granted by the head of my department or by his or her representatives. It is understood that copying or publication of this thesis for financial gain shall not be allowed without my written permission. Department of The University of British Columbia 1956 Main Mall Vancouver, Canada V6T 1Y3 DE-6(3/81) ii ABSTRACT Voyages of discovery could not be entertained until the advent of three-masted ships. Single-sailed ships were effective for voyages of short duration, undertaken with favourable winds. Ships with two masts could make long coastal voyages in the summer. Both these types had more or less severe limitations to sailing to windward. To sail any ship successfully in this mode it is necessary to be able to balance the sail plan accurately. This method of keeping course could not reach its full developemnt until more than two sails were available for manipulation. -
February 2020
San Quentin News WRITTEN BY THE INCARCERATED – ADVANCING SOCIAL JUSTICE VOL. 2020 NO. 2 February 2020 Edition 125 SAN QUENTIN, CALIFORNIA 94964 www.sanquentinnews.com POPULATION 4,053 SQ keeps tradition of giving Veterans’ Toys for Tots continues to warm the hearts of many Photo courtesy of Scott Budnick Vlade Divac hugging an incarcerated person When sports turn an eye toward prison Photo by Javier Jimenez SQN One-and a-half-year-old Zy’ir Lewis chooses his toy By Joe Garcia City Council member Steve Hansen, Journalism Guild Chairperson walked through one of Folsom’s hous- By David Ditto “You should visit me more and “Seeing the little kids’ eyes light ing units—to see for themselves how Staff Writer get more presents,” said Ruelas, up when they see the toys really The Sacramento Kings showed California treats its prisoners. laughing with his nephews. Dur- gives me hope,” said Marine Corps love to Folsom State prisoners during “The men—two to a cramped cell The cheer of Christmas giving ing his 10-year incarceration , they veteran Carl Raybon, the new chair- a special night of community healing. that looked like a cage—stared at us filled the San Quentin State Prison had visited before but this was their man of the Veterans Group at San In a circle within the prison chapel, with hollow eyes,” Ranadive wrote. visiting rooms as children celebrat- first time getting toys. Quentin (VGSQ). The 35-member they shared life experiences before “I know there are victims on the other ed the holidays with their incarcer- The other prisons where Ruelas group of incarcerated veterans or- celebrating Folsom’s newly renovated side of the equation… ated loved ones in December.