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Bole-English-Hausa Dictionary and English-Bole Wordlist

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Bole-English-Hausa Dictionary and English-Bole Wordlist Bole-English-Hausa Dictionary and English-Bole Wordlist Alhaji Maina Gimba and& Russell G. Schuh University of California Press Berkeley Los Angeles London BOLE-ENGLISH-HAUSA DICTIONARY AND ENGLISH-BOLE WORDLIST This page intentionally left blank Bole-English-Hausa Dictionary and English-Bole Wordlist Alhaji Maina Gimba and& Russell G. Schuh University of California Press Berkeley Los Angeles London UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA PRESS, one of thehe mostmost distinguisheddistinguished universityuniversity pressespresses inin thethe United States, enriches lives around the world by advancing scholarship in the humanities, social sciences, and natural sciences. Its activities are supported by the UC Press Foundation and philanthropic contributions from individuals and institutions. For more information, visit http://www.ucpress.edu University of California Press Oakland,Berkeley Californiaand Los Angeles, California University of California Press, Ltd. London England UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA PUBLICATIONS IN LINGUISTICS Editorial Board: Judith Aissen, Andrew Garrett, Larry M. Hyman, Marianne Mithun, Pamela Munro, Maria Polinsky Volume 148 Bole-English-Hausa Dictionary and English-Bole Wordlist by Alhaji Maina Gimba & Russell G. Schuh © 20152014 by The Regents of the University of California All rights reserved. Published 20142015 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 1 2 3 4 5 ISBN 978-0-520-28611-5 Library of Congress Control Number : 2014949249 The paper used in this pubication meets the minimum requirements of ANNS/NISO Z39.48-1992 (R 1997) (Permanence of Paper). In memory of HRH Alhaji Dr. Abali ibn Muhammadu Idris Alhaji Aliyu Maina Gimba Hon. Abdullahi Muhammed Garin Ari Malam Baba Ali This page intentionally left blank Contents Acknowledgments ix Introduction xi Abbreviations xxvii BOLE-ENGLISH-HAUSA DICTIONARY 1 ENGLISH-BOLE WORDLIST 241 APPENDICES 313 BIRDS 315 FISH 317 FLORA 319 IDEOPHONES 327 IDEOPHONIC ADJECTIVES 331 EXPRESSIONS AND INTERJECTIONS 335 PROPER NAMES AND PLACE NAMES 337 TITLES 341 KIN TERMS 343 PRONOUNS 345 VERB FORMS 349 References 387 vii This page intentionally left blank ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Compilation of this dictionary has gone through several stages. The first lexical work on Bole done by Schuh was a list of perhaps 1500 items collected in 1982-83 in collaboration with Malam Abdullahi Idi Gadaka1 in Samaru, Kaduna State when Schuh was a Visiting Professor at Ahamdu Bello University, Zaria. This work was supported by a grant from the Wenner-Gren Foundation for Anthropological Research. Gimba, when he was a doctoral student at UCLA from 1996-2000, greatly expanded this list and adjusted it to reflect the Fika dialect. This work was, in part, funded by a US National Science Foundation grant (award # BCS-9905180, Russell G. Schuh, Principal Investigator).2 Compilation of the first printed Bole dictionary was done from 2002-2004, when Gimba and Schuh worked in Potiskum, Yobe State, Nigeria with Madu Bah and the late Malam Baba Ali, supported by a grant from the US National Science Foundation (award #BCS-0111289, Russell G. Schuh, Principal Investigator). During this period the number of entries was greatly expanded, definitions were refined, and Hausa definitions were added. In 2004, the FIRST EDITION of the Bole-English-Hausa dictionary was produced in Potiskum by Ajami Press. In part thanks to the success of this project,3 the Bole team of three collobrators who had worked on the first project was able to continue work from 2006-2009 with the support of another grant from the US National Science Foundation (award #BCS-0111289, Russell G. Schuh, Principal Investigator). This work culminated in production of the SECOND EDITION of the Bole-English-Hausa dictionary, again produced by Ajami Press, Potiskum. The SECOND EDITION not only had a considerably larger number of items than the first but also added examples of use and significantly improved formatting. Throughout the research on Bole lexicon extending from 2002-2009, the project benefited from the support of many people who were instrumental in making it as successful as it was. The compilers are grateful to HRH, the Emir of Fika (Moi Pikka), the late Alhaji Dr. Abali ibn Muhammadu Idris, and the Fika Emirate Council for their interest in and support of this project. Special thanks go to the late Moi Pikka and to the late Hon. Abdullahi 1 It is a pleasure to report that in 2002 Schuh was able to reunite with Malam Abdullahi, who had moved back to his hometown, Gadaka, in Yobe State. 2 In this and other National Science Foundation supported research mentioned in this book, any opinions, findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of NSF. 3 The full project involved five Chadic languages spoken in Yobe State: Bade (Gashua dialect), Bade (Western dialect), Bole, Karekare, Ngamo, and Ngizim. Dictionaries of all these languages were produced in 2004, and second editions were produced in 2009 for Bade (Western dialect), Bole, Duwai, Karekare, Ngamo, and Ngizim. ix x Acknowledgments Muhammed Garin Ari, who provided generous contributions toward publication of the FIRST EDITION in 2004, which brought written Bole to the attention of the Bole community. Special thanks go to Malam Madu Liman, now Registrar of the College of Education Zuba, Abuja, and to Halima Madu Liman and members of the Madu Liman household, for indispensable logistic support without which the projects would have been difficult if not impossible. Thanks also to Alhaji Ali Goni and to Malam Saleh Adamu for helping to create a smooth working environment. For technical contributions, thanks go to Jeffrey Heinz for invaluable programming of the electronic database from which this dictionary was built and to Sarah VanWagenen for creating the English list on which the English-Bole Wordlist is based. Roger Blench kindly provided a comprehensive list of Hausa botanical names and modern genetic classification that is the basis for the identifications in this dictionary. The present dictionary represents a major expansion and revision of the 2009 SECOND EDITION of the Bole-English-Hausa dictionary. This expansion and revision took place during a two-month visit by Gimba to Los Angeles during May-July, 2012, supported by a grant from the UCLA Academic Senate Committee on Research. The compilers were fortunate to collaborate intensively with Paul Newman, Professor Emeritus of Indiana University, who was able to come to Los Angeles in June, 2012. Prof. Newman’s visit was made possible by a grant from the UCLA College of Letters and Science. The compilers are particularly grateful to Prof. Newman for his detailed comments and advice, which he continued to provide during final revisions of the dictionary. Our collaboration on Bole began in the late 1990’s and has continued both in Los Angeles and in Potiskum, Nigeria, including many visits to Fika town, to rural Bole villages, and to both the University of Maiduguri and Gombe State University. In addition to those whom we acknowledged by name above, we thank all the others who have been generous in their time and support of all kinds and who are too numerous to mention individually. To all of them, we say, “Mu kunnang˘yi!” Alhaji Maina Gimba Russell G. Schuh Los Angeles, April, 2014 BOLE-ENGLISH-HAUSA DICTIONARY AND ENGLISH-BOLE WORDLIST The Bole Language Bole is a language of the Chadic family spoken in northeastern Nigeria in Yobe, Gombe, and Bauchi States. Newman (1977), with minor revisions in Newman (1990), classifies Bole more specifically as Chadic > West Chadic > West-A > Bole/Angas major group > Bole group. Among its closest linguistic relatives are Karekare, Ngamo, and Maka in Yobe State, Kirfi, Galambu, and Pero in Bauchi State, Kanakuru in Borno State, and Tangale (among others) in Gombe State. The Hausa name for the Bole language is Bolanci, the name found in much of the published literature on Bole. There are two major dialect areas: Fika, spoken in Yobe State, north of the Gongola River, and Gombe, spoken in Gombe and Bauchi States, mainly south of the Gongola River.4 This dictionary is based on the Fika dialect. In the Fika dialect, the language is referred to as B˘ Pkk ‘Language of Fika’. The Gombe dialect refers to the language as B˘ D Ld ‘Language of “Aunt” Ladi’, the traditional mother of the Bole people. The Fika dialect refers to the Bole people as Am Pikk (m.sing.), ni Pikk (f.sing.), nm Pkk (pl.) ‘one(s) of Fika’. The terms B˘l (pl. B˘lw) are also used, primarily in the Gombe region. Ethnologue gives a 1990 population figure of 100,000, whereas Gimba (2000:1) proffers an estimate of 250,000-300,000. Whatever the exact figure, the Bole are numerically a significant ethnic group in northern Nigeria. Unlike most of their geographic neighbors, the Boles have been Muslims throughout their known history, and their traditional leader, Moi Pikka (Emir of Fika) has been one of the most prominent figures in the traditional political scene of northern Nigeria since pre-colonial times. As the title Moi Pikka implies, the 4 The only work explicitly addressing dialect differences is Gimba (1990). Data in Benton (1912), Abraham (1929), and Kraft (1981) are from the Gombe dialect. Data in Lukas (1969, 1970-72, 1971) are from the Fika dialect. xi xii Bole-English-Hausa Dictionary and English-Bole Wordlist political and administrative capital of the Bole emirate was Fika (Pikka in Bole), located in what is now southern Yobe State. This was the capital from at least the beginning of the 19th century until 1924, when, during the reign of Moi Mammadi (Mahammadu Ibn Idrissa) the British colonial administration transferred the administrative center of Fika emirate from Fika town to Potiskum (Palmer (1929), cited in Ibriszimow (1996: 211)). The earliest lexical information on Bole is a list of 253 items in Koelle (1854), who referred to the language as P∫ka.
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