Agaw Lexicon and Its Cushitic and Afro-Asiatic Background1
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Langues Et Cultures Dans Le Bassin Du Lac Tchad
LANGUES ET CULTURES DANS LE BASSIN DU LAC TCHAD Journées dëtudes les 4 et 5 septembre 1984 ORSTOM (Paris) TEXTES RASSEMBLES ET PRESENTES par Daniel BARRETEAU LANGUES ET CULTURES DANS LE BASSIN DU LAC TCHAD Journées d’études les 4 et 5 septembre 1984 ORSTOM (Paris) LANGUES ET CULTURES DANS LE BASSIN DU LAC TCHAD Journées dëtudes les 4 et 5 septembre 1984 ORSTOM (Paris) Éditions de I’ORSTOM INSTITUT FRANÇAIS DE RECHERCHE SCIENTIFIQUE POUR LE DÉVELOPPEMENT EN COOPÉRATION Collection COLLOQUES et SÉMINAIRES PARIS 1987 .-.. .* Remerciements sincères a tous les auteurs et collaborateurs. Dactylographie et maquettage : Daniel BARRETEAU Liliane SORIN-BARRETEAU Cartographie : Roland BRETON Illustrations : Dessins de Danièle MOLEZ, d'aprk des photographies de Guy MAURETTE La loi du 11 mars 1957 n’autorisant, aux termes des alinéas 2 et 3 de l’article 41, d’une part, que les tcopies ou reproductions strictement rbervbes B l’usage privb du copiste et non destinbes A une utilisa- tion collectiver et, d’autre part, que les analyses et les courtes citations dans un but d’exemple et d’illus- tration, (toute reprbentation ou reproduction intbgrale, ou partielle, faite sans le consentement de l’auteur ou de ses ayants droit ou ayants cause, est illicites (elinbe 1” de l’article 40). Cette reprbentation ou reproduction, par quelque procbdb que ce soit, constituerait donc une contrefa- con sanctionnbe par les articles 426 et suivants du Code Pbal. I66N : 0767-2896 (DORSTOfvllS87 ISBN : 2-7099-0890-5 . SOMMAIRE page INTRODUCTION GENERALE ET RESUMES . 9-19 COMPARAISON ET CLASSIFICATION LINGUISTIQUES . 21-77 E. WOLFF: Introductory remarks on the linguistic si- tuation in the Lake Chad Basin and the study of language contact . -
Veda Publishing House of the Slovak Academy of Sciences Slovak Academy of Sciences
VEDA PUBLISHING HOUSE OF THE SLOVAK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES SLOVAK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES INSTITUTE OF LITERARY SCIENCES DEPARTMENT OF ORIENTAL STUDIES Editors JOZEF GENZOR VIKTOR KRUPA ASIAN AND AFRICAN STUDIES SLOVAK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES BRATISLAVA INSTITUTE OF LITERARY SCIENCES DEPARTMENT OF ORIENTAL STUDIES XXIV 1988 1989 VEDA, PUBLISHING HOUSE OF THE SLOVAK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES • BRATISLAVA CURZON PRESS • LONDON PUBLISHED OUTSIDE THE SOCIALIST COUNTRIES SOLELY BY CURZON PRESS LTD • LONDON ISBN 0 7007 0220 2 ISSN 0571 2742 © VEDA, VYDAVATEĽSTVO SLOVENSKEJ AKADÉMIE VIED, 1989 ISBN 80-224-0196-X (Series) ISBN 80-224-0065-3 (Vol. 24) CONTENTS A r tic le s K řupa, Viktor: Remarks on Creativity in Language ............................................................... 11 Rácová, Anna: Analogical Nomination in B en gali........................................................... 19 D r o z d ik , Ladislav: Word-Class Shifts of Multiword Units in the Lexicon of Modern Written A rabic ............................................................................................................................... 27 G á lik , Marián: Studies in Modern Chinese Intellectual History: V. Young Wang Guowei (1901—1911)................................................................................' ................................................ 37 G á lik , Marián: Interliterary Aspects o f the Short Stories by Lu Xun: Changming Deng (The Eternal Lamp) and V. M. Garshin: Krasnyi Tsvetok (The Red Flower) .... 67 Kut’ka, Karol: Some Reflections on Yukio Mishimas -
Some Principles of the Use of Macro-Areas Language Dynamics &A
Online Appendix for Harald Hammarstr¨om& Mark Donohue (2014) Some Principles of the Use of Macro-Areas Language Dynamics & Change Harald Hammarstr¨om& Mark Donohue The following document lists the languages of the world and their as- signment to the macro-areas described in the main body of the paper as well as the WALS macro-area for languages featured in the WALS 2005 edi- tion. 7160 languages are included, which represent all languages for which we had coordinates available1. Every language is given with its ISO-639-3 code (if it has one) for proper identification. The mapping between WALS languages and ISO-codes was done by using the mapping downloadable from the 2011 online WALS edition2 (because a number of errors in the mapping were corrected for the 2011 edition). 38 WALS languages are not given an ISO-code in the 2011 mapping, 36 of these have been assigned their appropri- ate iso-code based on the sources the WALS lists for the respective language. This was not possible for Tasmanian (WALS-code: tsm) because the WALS mixes data from very different Tasmanian languages and for Kualan (WALS- code: kua) because no source is given. 17 WALS-languages were assigned ISO-codes which have subsequently been retired { these have been assigned their appropriate updated ISO-code. In many cases, a WALS-language is mapped to several ISO-codes. As this has no bearing for the assignment to macro-areas, multiple mappings have been retained. 1There are another couple of hundred languages which are attested but for which our database currently lacks coordinates. -
Belnәng, an Undocumented Chadic Language of Central Nigeria
Belnәng, an undocumented Chadic language of Central Nigeria [DRAFT CIRCULATED FOR COMMENT -NOT FOR CITATION WITHOUT REFERENCE TO THE AUTHOR Roger Blench Michael Bulkaam McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research Kay Williamson Educational Foundation University of Cambridge Department of History, University of Jos Kay Williamson Educational Foundation 8, Guest Road Cambridge CB1 2AL United Kingdom Voice/ Ans (00-44)-(0)7847-495590 Mobile worldwide (00-44)-(0)7967-696804 E-mail [email protected] http://www.rogerblench.info/RBOP.htm This printout: Jos, November 11, 2019 R.M. Blench & Michael Bulkaam Belnәng Wordlist Circulated for comment TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION 1 2. LOCATION, HISTORY AND SOCIOLINGUISTIC SITUATION 1 2.1 Nomenclature 1 2.2 Location and settlements 1 2.3 Language status 2 2.4 Belnәng culture and history 2 2.5 The classification of Belnәng 2 3. PHONOLOGY 3 3.1 Vowels 3 3.2 Consonants 4 3.3 Tones 5 4. MORPHOLOGY 5 4.1 Nouns 5 5. BELNӘNG DICTIONARY 5 6. LEXICAL COMPARISON AND THE CLASSIFICATION OF BELNӘNG 18 6.1 How should Belnәng be classified? 18 6.2 Is Belnәng a distinct language? 19 REFERENCES 19 TABLES Table 1. Belnәng palatalised consonants 4 Table 2. Belnәng labialised consonants 5 FIGURES Figure 1. The Central West Chadic languages 3 MAPS Map 1. Belnәng and surrounding languages 1 Map 2. Belnәng and surrounding A3 languages 2 ABSTRACT This is an introduction and basic phonology, orthography proposal and a short dictionary of Belnәng, a previously undocumented language in southern Plateau State, Nigeria. Belnәng is part of West Chadic, A3, and the paper presents evidence for its affiliation within the A3 group. -
•Chadic Classification Master
Paul Newman 2013 ò ê ž ŋ The Chadic Language Family: ɮ Classification and Name Index ɓ ō ƙ Electronic Publication © Paul Newman This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License CC BY-NC Mega-Chad Research Network / Réseau Méga-Tchad http://lah.soas.ac.uk/projects/megachad/misc.html http://lah.soas.ac.uk/projects/megachad/divers.html The Chadic Language Family: Classification and Name Index Paul Newman I. CHADIC LANGUAGE CLASSIFICATION Chadic, which is a constituent member of the Afroasiatic phylum, is a family of approximately 170 languages spoken in Nigeria, Cameroon, Chad, and Niger. The classification presented here is based on the one published some twenty-five years ago in my Nominal and Verbal Plurality in Chadic, pp. 1–5 (Dordrecht: Foris Publications, 1990). This current paper contains corrections and updates reflecting the considerable amount of empirical research on Chadic languages done since that time. The structure of the classification is as follows. Within Chadic the first division is into four coordinate branches, indicated by Roman numerals: I. West Chadic Branch (W-C); II. Biu-Mandara Branch (B-M), also commonly referred to as Central Chadic; III. East Chadic Branch (E-C); and IV. Masa Branch (M-S). Below the branches are unnamed sub-branches, indicated by capital letters: A, B, C. At the next level are named groups, indicated by Arabic numerals: 1, 2.... With some, but not all, groups, subgroups are distinguished, these being indicated by lower case letters: a, b…. Thus Miya, for example, is classified as I.B.2.a, which is to say that it belongs to West Chadic (I), to the B sub-branch of West Chadic, to the Warji group (2), and to the (a) subgroup within that group, which consists of Warji, Diri, etc., whereas Daba, for example, is classified as II.A.7, that is, it belongs to Biu-Mandara (II), to the A sub-branch of Biu-Mandara, and within Biu-Mandara to the Daba group (7). -
Curriculum Vitae
10/2/08 CURRICULUM VITAE NAME: Russell Galen Schuh BORN: March 14, 1941 at Corvallis, Oregon, USA EDUCATION: BA University of Oregon (French) 1963 MA Northwestern University (French) 1964 MA University of California, Los Angeles (Linguistics) 1968 PhD University of California, Los Angeles (Linguistics) 1972 PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE: • Teaching Assistant in French, Northwestern University 1963-64 • Peace Corps, Niger: Supervision of adult literacy program in Agadez-Tahoua-Bilma region 1965-67 • Teaching Assistant in Hausa, UCLA 1968-69 • Research Associate, Comparative Syntax Project (NSF Grant No. GS-2279, Paul Newman, Principal Investigator) 1969-70 • Teaching Assistant in Hausa, UCLA 1970-72 • Acting Assistant Professor of Linguistics, UCLA 1972-73 • Research Fellow (1973-74) and Senior Research Fellow (1974-75), Centre for the Study of Nigerian Languages, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria 1973-75 • Assistant Professor of African Languages and Linguistics, UCLA 1975-78 • Associate Professor of African Languages and Linguistics, UCLA 1979-82, 1983-84 • Visiting Professor of Linguistics and Nigerian Languages, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria 1982-83 • Professor of African Languages and Linguistics, UCLA 1984- present • Director, University of California Education Abroad Summer 1987, Program, Togo 1988 • Chair, UCLA Department of Linguistics 1989-93 GRANTS AND AWARDS: • National Science Foundation Grant No. BNS 79-10366 for 1979-80 research on the Bade/Ngizim group of languages • Wenner-Gren Society for Anthropological Research grant for field 1982-83 research on West Chadic languages • UCLA Office of Instructional Development grant for Computer 1991-92 Aided Language Instruction Materials for African Languages • US Department of Education grant for Computer Aided Language Instruction Materials for African Languages (Grant No. -
Proposal for Ethiopic Script Root Zone LGR
Proposal for Ethiopic Script Root Zone LGR LGR Version 2 Date: 2017-05-17 Document version:5.2 Authors: Ethiopic Script Generation Panel Contents 1 General Information/ Overview/ Abstract ........................................................................................ 3 2 Script for which the LGR is proposed ................................................................................................ 3 3 Background on Script and Principal Languages Using It .................................................................... 4 3.1 Local Languages Using the Script .............................................................................................. 4 3.2 Geographic Territories of the Language or the Language Map of Ethiopia ................................ 7 4 Overall Development Process and Methodology .............................................................................. 8 4.1 Sources Consulted to Determine the Repertoire....................................................................... 8 4.2 Team Composition and Diversity .............................................................................................. 9 4.3 Analysis of Code Point Repertoire .......................................................................................... 10 4.4 Analysis of Code Point Variants .............................................................................................. 11 5 Repertoire .................................................................................................................................... -
The Origin of Afaan Oromo: Mother Language
Global Journal of HUMAN-SOCIAL SCIENCE: G Linguistics & Education Volume 15 Issue 12 Version 1.0 Year 2015 Type: Double Blind Peer Reviewed International Research Journal Publisher: Global Journals Inc. (USA) Online ISSN: 2249-460x & Print ISSN: 0975-587X The Origin of Afaan Oromo: Mother Language By Ibrahim Bedane Madda Walabu University, Ethiopia Abstract- Many people have spent their lives in search of language origin and have made great efforts to discover which language is the mother of all other languages (Mother language). As their efforts were not rightly directed, they could not achieve success. Thus, this paper examines the origin of Afaan Oromo and its impact on theories of languages and language origin. In the area of language and language origin, this paper argued that Afaan Oromo has unique properties to offer the field, or at least the richness that is provided by the majority of words creation offers basic and unusual opportunities for theoretically-minded theories. In both cases what we have learned from Afaan Oromo has provided us major insight into the nature of language origin and mother language. No wonder, ‘One of the best-kept secrets of the Afaan Oromo is the predictability, clarity, source imitating and/or conceptually approximating nature and rules of roots and its verb inflections’. Afaan Oromo is purely natural nature based language. Each and every roots of Afaan Oromo were created from either corresponding Sounds or available roots and thus, converges to sounds proximate to it. Keywords: afaan oromo, imitative root, mother language, root system, root creation, sign, sound, symbolic root, 5s acquisition process. -
Lexicalization of Property Concepts: Evidence for Language Contact on the Southern Jos Plateau (Central Nigeria)?
Lexicalization of property concepts: Evidence for language contact on the southern Jos Plateau (Central Nigeria)? Birgit Hellwig Abstract This paper discusses issues of language contact within the Jos Plateau sprach- bund of Central Nigeria. It is known that the non-related Chadic and Benue- Congo languages of this region share numerous lexical and structural simi- larities, but it is largely unknown whether they also share similarities in their semantics and lexicalization patterns. This paper explores convergences in one such area: the lexicalization of property — or adjectival — concepts in the Chadic (Angas-Goemai and Ron groups) and Benue-Congo (Jukunoid, Tarok and Fyem) languages of the southern part of this sprachbund. It presents evi- dence that these non-related languages share a common lexicalization pattern: the predominant coding of property concepts in state-change verbs. This pat- tern is probably not of Chadic origin, and it is possible that it has entered the Chadic languages of the Jos Plateau through language contact. 1. Introduction The Jos Plateau region of Central Nigeria constitutes a linguistic area or sprachbund. Language contact has shaped the non-related Chadic and Benue- Congo languages of this region to the extent that they now share numerous similarities in their lexical forms, phonotactics, (frozen) morphology, and syn- tactic patterns. It is an empirical question as to whether they also share seman- tic structures and lexicalization patterns. This paper traces convergences in one such area: the lexicalization -
An Atlas of Nigerian Languages
AN ATLAS OF NIGERIAN LANGUAGES 3rd. Edition Roger Blench Kay Williamson Educational Foundation 8, Guest Road, Cambridge CB1 2AL United Kingdom Voice/Answerphone 00-44-(0)1223-560687 Mobile 00-44-(0)7967-696804 E-mail [email protected] http://rogerblench.info/RBOP.htm Skype 2.0 identity: roger blench i Introduction The present electronic is a fully revised and amended edition of ‘An Index of Nigerian Languages’ by David Crozier and Roger Blench (1992), which replaced Keir Hansford, John Bendor-Samuel and Ron Stanford (1976), a pioneering attempt to synthesize what was known at the time about the languages of Nigeria and their classification. Definition of a Language The preparation of a listing of Nigerian languages inevitably begs the question of the definition of a language. The terms 'language' and 'dialect' have rather different meanings in informal speech from the more rigorous definitions that must be attempted by linguists. Dialect, in particular, is a somewhat pejorative term suggesting it is merely a local variant of a 'central' language. In linguistic terms, however, dialect is merely a regional, social or occupational variant of another speech-form. There is no presupposition about its importance or otherwise. Because of these problems, the more neutral term 'lect' is coming into increasing use to describe any type of distinctive speech-form. However, the Index inevitably must have head entries and this involves selecting some terms from the thousands of names recorded and using them to cover a particular linguistic nucleus. In general, the choice of a particular lect name as a head-entry should ideally be made solely on linguistic grounds. -
Dymitr Ibriszimow, Rupert Kawka, Doris Löhr, Christopher Mtaku, Raimund Vogels, Ibrahim Maina Waziri
Berichte des Sonderforschungsbereichs 268, Band 14, Frankfurt a.M. 2000: 179-190 HISTORICAL IMPLICATIONS OF A LINGUISTIC ENVIRONMENT - TOWARDS A SYSTEMIC APPROACH Dymitr Ibriszimow, Rupert Kawka, Doris Löhr, Christopher Mtaku, Raimund Vogels, Ibrahim Maina Waziri The aim of our project B6 “Towards a genesis of the ethnolinguistic situation at the southern and western fringes of lake Chad basin” within SFB 268 “West African Savannah” is to analyse the emergence and development of the complex present-day ethnolinguistic patterns in a region which may be historically labelled as southern and western periphery of the Borno empire. For the first time, a model of migratory routes was put forward based on combined research efforts of the disciplines involved in our project. Below we shall attempt to summarise the main points and reflections of our findings. Our specific approach as a whole is based on applying the respective research methods of the individual disciplines represented in our project, namely anthropology, ethnomusicology, history and linguistics and eventually on integrating the results into a systemically coherent picture. As a starting point some observations based on linguistic analysis of data collected from one Saharan and 11 Chadic languages with dialects are presented. These are the Saharan Kanuri with the six dialects Manga, Mowar, Bodoi, Koyam, yerwa and Suwurti and the Chadic languages Bade (Bade of Katamma and of Dakfum), Duwai, Ngizim, the Jalam, Kwar ta Mataci and B↔rkayu dialects of Karekare, Ngamo Gudi and Ngamo Yaya, Bole, Bura, Pabir, Margi (Margi Babal and Margi Tart↔m), Kyibaku and Malgwa. Secondly patterns of the cultural complexes in the musical environment of our area of study will be shown. -
Dictionary of Ò,Nì,Chà Igbo
Dictionary of Ònìchà Igbo 2nd edition of the Igbo dictionary, Kay Williamson, Ethiope Press, 1972. Kay Williamson (†) This version prepared and edited by Roger Blench Roger Blench Mallam Dendo 8, Guest Road Cambridge CB1 2AL United Kingdom Voice/ Fax. 0044-(0)1223-560687 Mobile worldwide (00-44)-(0)7967-696804 E-mail [email protected] http://www.rogerblench.info/RBOP.htm To whom all correspondence should be addressed. This printout: November 16, 2006 TABLE OF CONTENTS Abbreviations: ................................................................................................................................................. 2 Editor’s Preface............................................................................................................................................... 1 Editor’s note: The Echeruo (1997) and Igwe (1999) Igbo dictionaries ...................................................... 2 INTRODUCTION........................................................................................................................................... 4 1. Earlier lexicographical work on Igbo........................................................................................................ 4 2. The development of the present work ....................................................................................................... 6 3. Onitsha Igbo ................................................................................................................................................ 9 4. Alphabetization and arrangement..........................................................................................................