OREGON STATE GAME COMMISSION

AUGUST 1961 COMMISSIONER APPOINTED S T A TE Mr. Tallant Greenough, of Coquille, was appointed by Governor Mark 0. Hat- GAME COMMISSION field to serve on the Game Commission for a five-year term beginning July 20, 1961. Mr. Greenough is an attorney and well-known sportsmaninthecoastal ULLETIN area. He is particularly noted for his skill with the bow and arrow. He succeeded J. H. Van Winkle of AUGUST, 1961 Oregon City whose last term expired on Number 8, Volume 16 July 19. Mr. Van Winkle had been on the Commission for twelve years.

Published Monthly by the DOVE, PIGEON AND SNIPE OREGON STATE GAME COMMISSION 1634 S.W. Alder StreetP. 0. Box 4136 REGULATIONS ANNOUNCED Portland 8, Oregon Openseasondatesformourning doves, band-tailed pigeons and Wilson's MIRIAM KAUTTU SUHL, Editor Oregon's first open season for Atlan- H. C. SMITH, Staff Artist snipe selected by the Game Commission tic salmon had a successful start this MEMBERS OF COMMISSION from the framework of regulations set John P. Amacher, Chairman Winchester by the federal government are as follows: spring at Mud Lake in Deschutes County. Rollin E. Bowles Portland Creel records collected May 27 through Max Wilson Joseph Mourning doves, September 1 through 30 and June 3 and 4 show that 917 Joseph W. Smith _Klamath Falls 30. Tallant Greenough _Coquille anglers caught 402 of these choice fish. Band-tailedpigeons,September 1 ADMINISTRATIVE STAFF More than 80 per cent were over 18 Director through 30. P. W. Schneider Wilson's snipe, October 28 through inches in length, with the largest measur- C. B. Walsh Assistant Director ing 25.5 inches and weighing 6.25 pounds. John McKean ______Chief of Oper., Game Div. November 26. C. J. Campbell .._ Chief of Oper., Fishery Div. Anglers are limited to a bag of one fish R. C. Holloway Chief, Inf. and Educ. Bag limits, unchanged from last year, in any 7 consecutive days or in posses- H. J. Rayner Chief, Research Division are: Doves, 10 a day, 20 in possession; W. D. DeCew Controller sion. John B. Dimick Chief, Supply and Property band-tailed pigeons, 8 a day and in pos- William E. Pitney _.Chief, Basin Investigations session; Wilson's snipe, 8 a day and in The Atlantic salmon is more similar A. V. Meyers Chief, Lands Section to our steelhead trout than to our races George Kernan Engineer possession. H. R. Newcomb Personnel Officer Shooting hours for pigeons and doves of Pacific salmon. The Oregon Game Roy C. Atchison Attorney are from one-half hour before sunrise Commission started rearing Atlantic sal- REGIONAL SUPERVISORS until sunset (standard time). Wilson's mon back in 1951 when it received a gift Leslie Zumwalt, Region I, of 10,000 eggs from the Quebec Depart- Route 1, Box 325, Corvallis snipe may be shot only from sunrise J. W. Vaughn, Region IIBox 577, Roseburg until sunset (standard time). ment of Game and Fisheries. L. M. Mathisen, Region IIIParrell Road, Bend * W. H. Brown, Region IVBox 742, La Grande W. V. Masson, Region V Box 8, Hines HEARING ON BEAR Sauvie Island Management Area was Entered as second-class matter September 30, visited by 7,333 people between June 2 1947, at the post office at Portland, Oregon, AND OTHER REGULATIONS under the act of August 24, 1912. and June 20 according to traffic counters Please report promptly any change of ad- Regulations on black bear, as well as installed at two locations. Of these 4,270 dress. Send in address label from a recent upland game,waterfowl,silvergray issue with notice of change. were at Oak Island and 3,063 in the East- At the present time the Bulletin is circulated squirrels and furbearers will be con- side area. free of charge to anyone forwarding a written sidered by the Game Commission at its * * request. hearing on August 11. The 1961 state-wide mourning dove The last legislature authorizedth.. call count was the highest recorded since Commission to classify bear as a game the annual survey was initiated in 1953 the cover animal in designated areas after making A cinnamon teal hen shown on its nest as a part of a nationwide survey. Results in the Klamath Marsh area. Picture was a determination that for such areas black of the survey conducted between May 20 taken in 1908 by William L. Finley. bear are not damaging and will not be and June 10 show that 2.07 dove calls expected to damage growing crops, live- per mile were heard and 1.37 doves seen BULLETIN stock, bees or trees. The Commission by per mile. Field agents covered 18 differ- regulation may permit the use of dogs HUNTER SAFETY ent routes for a total of 360 miles. A de- in hunting black bear. clinein number ofcallsfrom 1960 TRAINING PROGRAM The meeting convenes at 10 a.m. in showed up on five routes only. the Portland office of the Commission, * * Instructors Approved 1634 S.W. Alder Street. Census of goose breeding grounds Month of June____ 81 during June showed an increase in both Total to Date 1,701 MEMPHIS SITE OF adults and young wherever suitable habi- Students Trained FISH & GAME MEETINGS tat was present. In the Klamath Basin, The fifty-first annual conference of 2,298 adults and 1,849 young were tallied Month of June _ 917 the International Association of Game, on permanent transects as compared with Total to Date 10,870 Fish and Conservation Commissioners 1,266 adults and 1,676 young in 1960. At will be held in Memphis, Tennessee, Summer Lake, 63 goose broods were Firearms Accidents Reported 1961 September 11-12. President of the As- counted compared with 55 last year. Some Fatal 2 sociation this year is P. W. Schneider, of the increase is attributed to displace- Nonfatal 8 Oregon State Game Director. ment of birds from the drought areas. Page 2 August, 1961 EARLY BIOLOGICAL SURVEYS 1,or OREGON

By Harold C. Smith, Wildlife Artist

T WAS RECOGNIZED early in Oregon Bennett, his uncle, a few miles east of way to Sisters. Here they found snow on that a thorough knowledge of fauna and Madras. top of Black Butte. (Mr. Todd had told flora was of great importance as a basis Mr. Bennett's father-in-law, John Y. Alex if Black Butte had snow on it, the of intelligent management of our game Todd, who lived with the Bennetts at the McKenzie Pass would still be closed.) resources, wise conservation of useful time Walker was there, was an old-timer It was decided to return north to the birds and animals, and for the control of in central Oregon. In 1860 he built the Columbia River. They started back along injurious species. first bridge on the Deschutes River some the west side of the Deschutes River As early as 1888 a systematic survey miles north of Maupin at what was later to Warm Springs Agency, where they of the state was started under C. Hart known as Sherars Bridge. (See McArthur, camped for some time collecting speci- Merriam of the old U.S.Biological OREGON GEOGRAPHIC NAMES, third mens, writing notes, taking photographs, Survey. Various other surveys have fol- edition, page 545). etc. Then they travelled north to Warm lowed since then. In 1913 a cooperative The group proceeded through Bend, Springs River where they were ferried survey was undertaken by the U.S. around Lava Butte to Lapine, then to across by an Indian girl, camped at Hot Bureau of Biological Survey, University Fremont, Fort Rock, and on to Silver Springs, moved on through Simnasho, of Oregon, Reed College, Willamette Uni- Lake. Here at Paulina marsh, Alex col- Wapinitia, Tygh Valley, Dufur, and to versity, Oregon State College, and the lected nests, eggs, and bird specimens The Dalles. Arriving at The Dalles they State Board of Fish and Game Commis- of all kinds. He said this was the first found the Columbia River in its spring sioners. All agencies assisted with field large marsh he'd ever worked in as the freshet. A week went by before the river men and equipment. Alex Walker, pres- ones back in South Dakota were much dropped enough to be navigable by the ent curator of the Tillamook Pioneer smaller. He still remembered vividly how next stern-wheeler to Portland. It was Museum, was a member of this survey cold it was every night, as each morning (Continued on Page 4) party as well as later ones. His field work the ice had to be broken in the water Alex Walker with his collecting gear. Picture was for the fish and game department in bucket (this was the first week of June). taken in 1914 near McKenzie Bridge. 1913, 1914, and 1915 is described here as While here his party was visited by the he recently related it to me. game warden, M. S. Barnes. Alex, his father, and a friend started From this area Alex worked his way out from Portland April 1, 1913 on board north to Fort Rock again and, skirting the stern-wheeler, the Bailey Gatzert, the edge of the Paulinas, camped at Sand taking along a light covered wagon with Springs. Near here he found and collect- a team of horses. Unloading at The ed a Gray flycatcher's nest and eggs (the Dalles, they camped the first night three first authentic nest -of the species ever miles up the Columbia. recorded). Working north he and his Travelling up the river, Alex collected companions passed through Millican and birds and small mammals. At Biggs they ontoPrineville.Travellingthrough 1"." turned south and followed the old road Terrebonne, they crossed the Crooked through Wasco, Moro, Grass Valley, Shan- River at Trail Crossing, proceeding on iko (at this time a real freight center), to Madras to stay again at the Bennett Antelope, Gateway, to the ranch of W. S. ranch. From Madras they worked their GAME BULLETIN This party was headed by Vernon 32-20 rifle barrel below, which 'was fine Biological Surveys Bailey, chief field naturalist for the U. S. for marmots. Mouse and rat traps were (Continued from Page 3 ) the last of June when the group finally Biological Survey. Other party members used for small rodents and mammals, reached Portland. Alex said the trip was were Stanley Jewett and Luther Goldman, and light steel traps for the large mam- really a dandy as he collected specimens, both of the Biological Survey; Alfred C. mals. Bailey developed a humane type photos, and notes on a variety of new Shelton, University of Oregon; Dr. Mor- of trap called the Verbail trap which was wildlife, new to him at least. The game ton E. Peck, Willamette University bota- used in later surveys for taking small department later bought all his specimens nist whose "Manual of the Higher Plants mammals. and notes to add to its collection. of Oregon" is still the standard work in By late summer the work was pretty In 1914 Alex lived in Mu lino, Oregon, this field; Don Lancefield, Reed College; well finished around the Sisters area his business being photography and taxi- Jack Frye, cook; R. Bruce Horsfall, artist; so Alex returned to the Portland office dermy. At this time Stanley Jewett, Sr., and Alex Walker. and spent some time writing up his field was loaned to the State Board of Fish They travelled by foot up the Mc- notes and doing darkroom work for the and Game Commissioners by the U. S. Kenzie to the Three Sisters Mountain department. The rest of the party under Biological Survey (U.S.D.A.). Alex was area, taking their gear by pack horse Bailey and Goldman continued on through hired as a deputy game warden by Wm. and light wagon. Their base was at Frog the mountains to the Bend country. In L. Finley, State Game Warden. Needless Camp in the McKenzie Pass. late summer and fall, Walker joined with to say, his main duties were biological Alex said they used shotguns with Jewett and Shelton in collecting speci- studies of wildlife and photography. dust to No. 4 shot for collecting birds. mens and notes in the area at the mouth He collected specimens and notes in As this was before the days of the 410 of the Deschutes River. the Mu lino area from March through gauge, he used a 12 gauge gun and an April of 1915 found Alex, in company May. In June he joined a biological sur- old single-barrel 28 gauge, loading brass with Stanley Jewett and Francis Gar- vey party at McKenzie Bridge, travelling shells for the latter in the field. Vernon lough, camped at the mouth of Willow by train to Eugene and stage to Vida and Bailey had a three-barrel gun of English Creek near Heppner Junction. They McKenzie Bridge. make, a double-barrel 16 gauge with a (Continued on Page 5)

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Page 4 August, 1961 Biological Surveys (Continued from Pane 4) worked down the Columbia River to the mouth of the Deschutes, then up the Deschutes to Maupin. On this jaunt, any great distance between collecting points was travelled by train. They camped in Bake Oven Creek area above Maupin, then worked their way to Gateway. At Gateway they hired a man with team and light wagon to take their gear to Warm Springs. After calling at Warm Springs, they went up Mill Creek and established a camp at the base of Mt. Jefferson. Here they spent some time collecting. Returning to Gateway they went by team and wagon to the Hay Creek area east of Madras. They bunked and board- ed at the Hay Creek ranch owned at that time by Baldwin Sheep and Land Company. Alex said this was a really big operation in 1915, with a large num- ber of ranch hands. The Hay Creek Post This survey group was photographed at Frog Camp in McKenzie Pass during August, 1914. Standing Office was at the ranch headquarters. from left to right are Stanley Jewett, Alex Walker, Vernon Bailey, Luther Goldman, Alfred C. Shelton, After working this area they travelled Dr. Peck, Don Lancefield: In front are R. Bruce Horsefall and Jack Frye and his dog. again by team and wagon to the timbered Trout Creek area. While here Alex said Camping by Bake Oven Creek in 1915. Party consisted of Alex Walker, F. Gar lough and Stanley a saddle bum joined their camp for two Jewett. The latter two are shown preparing lunch. or three days throwing in his grub with theirs (but mostly theirs). In the morn- ings he would make the flapjacks by putting water, baking powder, etc., in a nest of flour in the top of his sack of flour. Alex had heard of this lazy man's way of cooking but this was the first time he had ever seen the operation. It was decided that when the work was finished in this area, Alex would go to Tillamook County and continue scientific collecting there. He returned to Portland and Tillamook by train. Jew- ett and Gar lough continued on to Mitchell area, John Day, Strawberry Mountain country and ended up at Baker. In 1914 and 1915, while these surveys were going on, Harry Telford, Fish and Game Commission employee, was also gathering specimens and data in the Klamath Falls-Lakeview area. By 1916 the plans to build habitat groups of the wildlife that had been gathered apparently ran into a snag as no money was assigned to the project. (Continued on Page 7) Alex Walker and Harry Telford make camp at noon in the Lava Beds area Typical specimens prepared inthefieldfor use as study skins. With during one of the early day surveys trips. reasonable care such skins may be used for years. P COVO2MOMMOCONM0M.MW0V0WW.o.woNw.woov.w0OV.C-CCW.OWOO*2-COMOMMLOMFWNWM-VNWWWOMMMCV.W recor:ecaOcieeeeeciecoeuicZecrie.Oem4ecieec64.eeclow.vc0.Vmwm.C.C.V.MNCOVC.C.0NC.WVMMOMOM024 Fur Harvest M.N.R""n"'CV4"1.41""SM."SMC'MNWW'"-'"""'.co 00 NC004C6M.NNO0 .N M .001C-CONCSM MVa.aaa4m ca CF. Exceeds $200,000

20) 24 NC.WWW: MV. 00 N OV272WW00t MO 0201C-M V CO Wo VO2CMV: .2.0VC02C: vC-COOMMWMCoo.mme CO e Um MoMerZee ca. ecarZe . e OREGON TRAPPERS reported catch- vNm4mee; .V2 0110tsOee ee NM m0 ChoINNVVM NN Wv N M X4Z . N M . M ing 58,501 animals during the 1960-61 +2.4 6* trapping season and receiving $202,814.89 WWVOMMMMMC.N...CVW.NOMts.WWMNWONOONOCWNNVVVOWWWOVWWW0WWVNWVWVNVNVCOMOMODOVNVW'Cr from the sale of their pelts. This repre- NNM.;C:.0.422641270.4NVMMWNWMOON..M0rONMc4c40 020002C005CWNWOM0oWW.NMWhWt000.wWVtowmmwWWV.PCOMOICONC.WNWON002C.O.V.NNW1210m0MW.C.C.M.20 sents approximately 94 per cent of the M . N .M.7N4WN4 NV NN M fur harvest. Only 69 of the 1,084 licensed trappers failed to file a report of their .NNNMCOMOOMCV0C6100,212NCOMN0C-WN.C.VmMmMON.NV catch. MWOMMMNOC NN " m.OmmcaM NM ON ..M MCO n The accompanying table shows the 2C*11 4.; catch of 17 species of fur animals by NVMO 'MM WV M county and the amount of revenue de- O CO rived from the saleof pelts. Beaver

C trapped proved to be the most profitable, : , : .!-/'-'ii`?.,,m`ev'ti'-'iiiHi H Cn Z accounting for 70 per cent of the trap- ,a OMMWOMMM.OMMLOMWMV.MONMCOM .m 0 N. Co m .02C-.WhO,M0f,M..W0,0401,WONM02.0f.. WN CO Cs. CO Of0 pers' income, while the fur of the otter El 21) e44e4444oce4ee4e4eecic264O4 e4 4 ee e CO4 NO M. N MCOM01.2C.. COM 0 .0J ca U . ,,, 2 .. u, 04. 0 brought the highest price. All species of Q Al °I fur,however, sold for slightly lower M >1 0.2mcImm..C.N.NM.W.WC-.0V.WM C.. 02 .VC- :02 prices than they did last year. 6 WN.CO M CO 3.4 Z 00; Continued drought conditions in south- eastern Oregon have caused many of the 4t 0000000 00 0 0 -0 0 W "'Rot^"1.1c1 NN a"D. 101102 marshes and ponds to dry up, seriously M CA- curtailing muskrat production. Despite 02 NN Co loss of these productive areas the take of muskrats was still greater than for eq Co270 W 0 0 0 CI Co W CO cl : CO ; 0 V N V V20 MOOV 0 0 all other fur species combined. The catch M NN c.14c.1 ; CO ca. CO of 37,181 muskrats is approximately half the harvest of normal winters. NC : CO : ,MM OM tO Cl : I Opossums are continuing to increase

'MM . ....----- .Co m : I ..V M and spread from the illegal introductions NCO CO NM CO NM ai which took place prior to World War I. They were reported taken in Clatsop, MN.W. Co I :01 'MMt*, Columbia, and Tillamook Counties from 0 a release at Warrenton, and in Multno- cameeeemomm0000m.mooo.VolCON.02CONM..C-coCIN0M00M000000020000 10102E000V:000000 0 4.2mnvm..e4e.triee.46OeMocier-eotrie4ecie4me.w M0V00 MN 0,0VMMIC. 4eMe.e V mah and Clackamas Counties from a lib- 2-1 2-1 VN. eration at Troutdale. Due to their low fur 6* value, few trappers attempted to trap VC-IONVNOC.V0W.COVMCONVWMCOMMm200 IVV0c00101 Co CO MCVNMN. .v NCOMN.00mr. w. ,mcomvcim m them or bothered to skin those taken accidentally. WVNNOvvNWV0000001140000 WWWW0000NNOOWNvOWOW0000000o 0000INVWWWWNW/0000000.00 Trappers also reported taking large eemO44eecie Oeeeec:64Moiee 4m4camt..cat*..to m mmoe .mmon MNooecomm CO02 numbers of nutrias, mostly from counties c-mmcc. cam . mmr-ts in western Oregon. The reported catch of S. 547 is estimated to be less than one-half WMC-C.COVVC-.V ..CmWWWWVW.0WWOMC-NMO.N00.1000 CO 1.22.v0C-Wc. INVMMW.N. the total take as the pelts were of little CO NC1,020N.MOD N m. VONNOW W WOOMN N value and few trappers even saved the nm.004n4mor..4.m.PNVVVC-VNOC.NM 020.M.00 animals accidentally taken in sets made ooeoemecar-m.c*.4c-0.COMC0020.C.:00OICOWCO.COM Co cieerZt:664emeicZe4eec24ewee.eMo ecci.eee for more valuable species. Trappers gen- mecacmw.mew..mmarmneevee4..eMMcsommecno.M C.02c1 N N. WCOMNWWNWC.Wm. N erally reported taking only the animals 4a 4 they skinned. From the reports it is ap- EA- ICOW0WMCOODOMONO:.002/50N parent thriving colonies of this South 0.0006ommeomcoMm.eMOOMNWN .NOV W.NM .N M. NN* M.N. American import now existin Lane, Linn, Marion, Yamhill, Washington, and N.00NMOO .n

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mNNWVMNWCOVMVONC.00OONVC.MCOVOWC-OC.W.wVcOmC-VMm .NW m M NVVNV N. VMNN N N Three band recovery reports have 0 been received from Russia this summer on two pintails banded on Sauvie Island `° 0 Li t : > CCU , in September, 1959 and January, 1960, 0 4:g AB, E-,4 g°4550 a, -5Lo g 1 ilk kith"- and one pintail banded at Summer Lake HISvggtfagEltglig..5.6.AV271,21AE0 in August, 1954. pUi7,5.366.d445Umgggiiii4.431E. Page 6 August, 1961 BiologicalSurveys (Continued from Page 5) All of the specimens were sent to the Reed College Zoology Department. Later the study skins were sent to Oregon State College where they reside today in the Museum of Natural History, forming the backbone of the teaching and research collection in the Departments of Fish and Game Management and Zoology. After World War I upon return to civilian life, Alex was employed by the Cleveland Museum to gather specimens for museum exhibits. He did extensive work in the Warner Valley country of Oregon, then moved on to Arizona and New Mexico and into Old Mexico. After several years of field work he and his family again returned to the Tillamook area. He has been the curator of the Pioneer Museum in Tillamook since its establishment several years ago. Theseearly biologicalsurveys,of which the above is an example, provided needed information about our wildlife populations and helped to build a sound Publications and Radio foundation for our present game man- agement programs. Another result has been the publication of two excellent Series Win Recognition works of reference: "The Mammals and The 1959-60 biennial report of the ited number of copies is available for Life Zones of Oregon" by Vernon Bailey, Oregon Game Commission was awarded general distribution. and "Birds of Oregon" by Gabrielson and first place honors among conservation The Commission's "WildlifeSeries Jewett. report entries considered by the Ameri- Leaflets" and its radio production, "Ore- can Association for Conservation Infor- gon Outdoor Adventures" received hon- About the Author mation at this year's convention in South orable mention. The radio series is broad- Harold Cramer Smith came to work Dakota. The Association, representing cast during the winter months over sta- as an artist for the Oregon Game Com- state and federal conservation agencies, tion KOAC inCorvallisandstation mission ten years ago this summer. Be- gave a similar award to the Oregon re- KBPS, the Portland public school sta- sides the art work port in 1956. Prepared for the Governor tion. The wildlife leaflets are nontechni- in the Bulletin with and the legislature at the end of each cal bulletins also prepared primarily for which our readers biennium, the report summarizes Com- elementary school children. Copies are are familier, he mission operations and activities. A lim- available from the Game Commission. does the art and layout for miscel- PrIONGHORN ANTELOPE laneous publica- tions of the depart- t ment, works on state fair and other exhibits, and helps hih as the occasion re- P12 quires with other assignments in the in- formation-education division. A native of Miles City, Montana, Har- old was raised on a ranch on Powder River. After attending high school at Miles City and Billings, he went to work te with the U. S. Forest Service. This was A, followed by five years of army service Rd, mapping parts of the globe, particularly in the C.B.I. theatre. After the war he attended the Chouin- f' and Art Institute in Los Angeles and then worked awhile for the advertising section of the telephone company before coming rz to the game department. GAME BULLETIN / ------.--

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Ranges- throughout Oregon. Absent only in high mountains heavily timbered areas. Migrates north in March & April, High windstorms are & south in September. in Western worst enemy as the nest , Oregon small numbers remain 'te young are both des- during winter. troyed. Ground nests subject to much predation

Body grayish-blue above, reddish-fawn below. Length /11137 Wing 5'16:

Noted for flimsy nests Mil longer than Ili 0 placed in trees or on the wings, /4 graduated \ground Made of twigs, Papering feathers 'grass & weeds. 2 eggs are /aid_ hatch in /{days. Young fed on crop bordered with while secretion or 'Pigeon milk" fora time j -/-hen change to seeds & grain. Seeds ef grain are main foods. Gravel for grit is picked up along roads. Water is a daily requirement Doves`' )1 drink with heads down., )1 )))/ like animals. ')1 )1

Head ebreast of male a ') pinkish irridescence, with bluish top. Black spa' on each side of head in both sexes.

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Oregon State Game Commission Bulletin 1634 S.W. ALDER STREET P. 0. BOX 4136 ROBERT I. GUNSOLUS PORTLAND 8, OREGON e61,36 SE OWEN DB: PORTLAND, 66 ORE.