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An Atlas of Socio-Economic Statistics 1997–2007 Niger Yemen Maidugurin'djamena El Obeid Aden Djibouti Chad Djibouti Nigeria Sudan Adis Abeba Ethiopia

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An Atlas of Socio-Economic Statistics 1997–2007 Niger Yemen Maidugurin'djamena El Obeid Aden Djibouti Chad Djibouti Nigeria Sudan Adis Abeba Ethiopia Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Mozambique Then and Now and Then Mozambique An Atlas of Socio-Economic Statistics Socio-Economic An of Atlas THE WORLD BANK 1997–2007 INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE ESTATÍSTICA NACIONAL INSTITUTO ii Mozambique Then and Now An Atlas of Socio-Economic Statistics 1997–2007 Niger Yemen MaiduguriN'Djamena El Obeid Aden Djibouti Chad Djibouti Nigeria Sudan Adis Abeba Ethiopia Central African Republic Cameroon Bangui MalaboYaounde Equatorial Guinea Somalia Equatorial Guinea Muqdisho Kisangani Uganda Mbandaka Kampala Kenya Gabon Congo Nairobi Port Gentil Rwanda Bujumbura RDC Burundi Mombasa Pointe Noire Kinshasa Brazzaville Kigoma Matadi Kananga Tanzania, United Republic of Dar es Salaam Kahemba Luanda Mtwara Lumumbashi BenguelaHuambo Angola Malawi Lilongwe C.Ilha Moçambique ZambiaLusaka Livingstone Harare Antananarivo Zimbabwe Beira Madagascar Bulawayo Namibia Botswana Toliara Windhoek Gaborone Pretoria Maputo Mbabne Johannesburg Swaziland Kimberley Maseru South Africa Durban Lesotho East London Cape Town Port Elizabeth 0 250 500 1,000 Kilometers iv Mozambique Then and Now contents vi I Preface 39 access to services Access to electricity vii Acknowledgement Access to running water 1 Introduction Access to phones and internet Distance to major urban areas 3 The people of mozambique Population 45 education Demographic distribution by age and gender Trend in primary gross enrollment rates Main languages Primary enrollment by gender Religions Primary enrollment across Africa Distance to primary schools Trend in secondary gross enrollment rates 15 wealth Secondary enrollment by gender Poverty Secondary enrollment across Africa Inequality Distance to secondary schools Asset ownership Literacy rates Share of population with complete primary 21 healthy lives Share of population with complete secondary Infant mortality rate Infant mortality in Africa 57 land and agriculture Underweight, prevalence and concentration Topography Stunting, prevalence and concentration Land suitability Maternal mortality rate Rainfall by year Malnutrition Rainfall by month Distance to health facilities Temperature by month Fertility Ownership of animals Access to improved water Trend in accessing water from rivers and lakes Diarrhea and malaria 68 definition of indicators 70 image and map index 72 REFERENCES Preface The National Statistical Institute of Mozambique is responsible to collect, analyze, to be appropriately targeted. It is our wish that this Atlas will provide an important publish, and disseminate statistical information on a wide range of topics. The mis- source of information for all those who want to have the mission to promote the eco- sion of the National Statistical Institute is to provide and promote accurate, appropri- nomic and social development in Mozambique. ate, high-quality, and timely statistical information for use in both the public and the The maps are elaborated principally from the results of the 2007 Population Census private sectors for policy formulation, decision making, research, and general public and the 2008/09 Household Budget Survey (Inquerito ao Orcamento Familiar, IOF awareness for the advancement of the socio-economic status of Mozambicans. 2009). A central focus of the work of the INE is the data collection on living conditions of Funding for this publication was provided by the Trust Fund for Environmentally and the population of Mozambique. This Atlas was developed as part of efforts to increase Socially Sustainable Development (TF ESSD) at the World Bank and is gratefully ac- the understanding of the living conditions of Mozambicans and to serve as a basis for knowledged. We also gratefully acknowledge the excellent collaboration and support the preparation of the country’s development strategies. provided in the joint preparation of this Atlas. Taken in their entirety, the maps in this Atlas provide profound insights into the characteristics and living conditions of the population of Mozambique and how they João Dias Loureiro vary across the country, thereby enabling poverty reduction programs and policies President of INE vi acknowledgements This atlas has been prepared jointly by the National Statistics Office of Mozambique The atlas was produced by a team led by Mr Antonio Nucifora (World Bank, Lead (Instituto Nacional de Estatistica, INE) and the World Bank. Economist), and including Mr Thomas Pave Sohnesen (World Bank Senior Econo- mist, and main author of the Atlas), Mr Vasco Molini (World Bank, Senior Poverty INE provided the 1997 and 2007 Population Census data which is the basis for this Economist), Mr Antonio Adriano (INE Deputy Director for Census and Surveys), Mr Atlas, as well as contributed detailed input and comments that ensured the statistical Cassiano Chipembe (INE Director of Statistics on Demography and Living Condi- accuracy and improved its overall quality. tions ), Mr Paulo Covele (GIS specialist), and Ms Andrea Nieves (Graphic designer). Special thanks goes to INE’s President, Dr João Dias Loureiro, for providing over- Funding for the production was provided by the Trust Fund for Environmentally and all guidance and inspiration, and to the World Bank Country Director for Mozam- Socially Sustainable Development (TF ESSD) at the World Bank. bique, Mr Laurence Clarke, for encouraging and supporting this project. Invaluable comments and guidance was also received by INE Vice-President, Mr Manuel Gas- par, and the World Bank Sector Manager for Poverty Reduction and Economic Man- agement in southern Africa, Mr John Panzer. vii viii Mozambique Then and Now: An Atlas of Socio-Economic Statistics It is well known that Mozambique is characterized by wide variations in socio-economic indicators across provinces. According to available statistics, such differences have decreased in recent years. For instance, we know that there has been great progress in both primary and secondary enrollment rates the last decade; however, which areas have made the greatest progress, and which areas are still lacking behind? Infant mortality rates fell the last decade, but where did they decline the most, and where are they still high? This atlas provides maps and illustrations that give insights into these aspects and many more. It does so by showing a range of social and economic statistics at the level of Administrative Posts. For most of the indicators it includes maps which show the situation in 1997 and in 2007. In addition some of the maps specifically illustrate the change over the decade. Overall the Atlas provides a fascinating snapshot of recent socio-economic changes in Mozambique. Antonio Nucifora and Thomas Pave Sohnesen 2 the people of mozambique Population language religion Mozambique’s growing population speaks a wide range of tongues and belongs to a variety of religious denominations. population The population of Mozambique is still growing, reaching 20.5 million in 2007. The northern province of Nampu- 1.2 – Total population (in thousands), 2007 1.3 – Rural population per km2, 2007 la, the central parts of the country (Zambezia, Sofala, Manica and Tete provinces) and the south Eastern coastline (of Inhambane, Gaza and Maputo provinces) have the larg- est populations (fig 1.1 and 1.2) and the highest rural population densi- ties (fig 1.3). The population densi- ty refers to the number people liv- ing in a given Administrative Post divided by the size of that Adminis- trative Post measured in squared ki- lometers. 1.1 – Total population by province (in thousands), 1997 and 2007 1997 2007 0 1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 Niassa Cabo Delgado Nampula Less than 25 Less than 10 Zambezia 25–50 10–20 Tete 51–75 21–30 Manica 76–100 31–40 Sofala Inhambane Greater than 100 Greater than 40 Gaza 0 75 150 300 0 75 150 300 Maputo province Kilometers Kilometers Maputo City 4 Mozambique Then and Now Section 1 - THE PEOPLE OF MOZAMBIQUE 1.4 – Change in population (percentage) between 1997 and 2007 1.5 – Change in population (in thousands) between 1997 and 2007 Population growth from 1997 to 2007 as a percentage was faster in the south and in coastal areas (fig 1.4). However in terms of absolute numbers the increase was greatest in the most populous areas of the country (fig 1.5). In general, popula- tion growth was must faster in rural areas (fig 1.6). 1.6 – Urban and rural population (in thousands), 1997 and 2007 8UEDQ 8UEDQ 5XUDO 5XUDO Less than –20 –20–0 Less than –50 1–20 –50–10 21–40 –9–0 41–60 1–10 61–80 11–20 81–100 21–30 Greater than 100 Greater than 30 0 75 150 300 0 75 150 300 Kilometers Kilometers 5 population (cont.) Mozambique has a very young population, particularly in the Center-north of the country. Most areas of the south are characterized by a larger share of women in the population. The population of Mozambique 1.8 – Share of population aged 15 or below, 2007 1.9 – Share of population aged 50 or above, 2007 is still expanding (fig 1.7) and the population under 15 years of age is greater than 50 percent in most of the center and the north of the country (fig 1.8). Only in the south and the extreme north there are dis- tricts with more than 15 percent of the population aged 50 or above (fig 1.9). 1.7 – Population pyramid by gender, 1997 and 2007 )HPDOHSRSXODWLRQ 0DOHSRSXODWLRQ )HPDOHSRSXODWLRQ 0DOHSRSXODWLRQ ï ï ï ï Less than 30 Less than 5 ï 30–40 5–10 ï 41–45 11–15 ï 46–50 16–20 ï Greater than 50 Greater than 20 ï ï 0 75 150 300 0 75 150 300 3RSXODWLRQ Kilometers Kilometers 6 Page 7: on this page fig 1.10, 1.11, 1.12; Mozambique Then and Now Section 1 - THE PEOPLE OF MOZAMBIQUE 1.10 – Number of men per 100 women, 1997 1.11 – Number of men per 100 women, 2007 The ratio of men to women across Mozambique is not even across the country, with the provinces of In- hambane, Gaza and also the south- ern areas of the provinces of Man- ica and Sofala having more women than men (fig 1.11).
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