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Begonias for American Gardens Yet Published." —The Booklist ^Begonias

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Begonias for American Gardens Yet Published. JOURNAL OF THE NEW YORK BOTANICAL GARDEN DECEMBER 19 4 7 JOURNAL OF THE NEW YORK BOTANICAL GARDEN CAROL H. WOODWARD, Editor MIDWINTER EVENTS AT THE GARDEN Members' Day Programs The first Wednesday of each month at 3 p.m. in the Members' Room Dec. 3 Survival Foods of Tropical Jungles Richard A. Howard Jan. 7 Report of a Scientific Mission to Japan William ]. Robbins Free Saturday Programs 3 p.m. in the Lecture Hall, the winter series commencing immediately after the holidays and continuing weekly Jan. 3 Afternoon in Mexico A series of motion picture shorts Radio Programs "Calling All Gardeners" every Saturday morning from 8:30 to 8:45 over WNYC, 830 on the dial. Museum Exhibits A new set of cases in the rotunda of the Museum Building will henceforth house a succession of temporary exhibits. Conservatory Displays Plants appropriate to the holiday season will follow the late autumn display of chrysanthemums. Courses of Study Two-Year Course in Practical Gardening Outdoor Flower Gardening. Twelve sessions, Thursday evenings, 8-9 p.m. Jan. 8—Mar. 25 Instructor: Arthur King $10 Two-Year Science Course for Gardeners General Botany II. Twelve sessions, Monday evenings, 8'9 p.m. Jan. 5—Mar. 22 Instructor: Dr. E. E. Naylor $10 Systematic Botany Laboratory. Twelve sessions, Monday evenings, 9'10 p.m. Jan. 5—Mar. 22 Instructor: Dr. H. N. Moldenke $10 Tropical Botany Six sessions on alternate Thursdays, 8-9:30 p.m. Jan. 29—Apr. 8 Instructor: Dr. R. A. Howard $5 TABLE OF CONTENTS DECEMBER 1947 PINE VALLEY IN DURAND-EASTMAN PARK, ROCHESTER, N. Y. Cover photograph by Elisabeth Keiper WOODY PLANTS UNIQUE AND NOTEWORTHY IN THE ROCHESTER PARKS Elisabeth Keiper 269 A HANDFUL OF PLANT NAMES AND HOW THEY HAVE COME INTO OUR LANGUAGE H. W. Rickett 280 NOTICES AND REVIEWS OF RECENT BOOKS 285 NOTES, NEWS, AND COMMENT . 289 INDEX TO VOLUME 48 293 The Journal is published monthly by The New York Botanical Garden, Bronx Park, New York 58, N. Y. Printed in U. S. A. Entered as Second Class Matter, January 28, 1936, at the Post Office at New York, N. Y., under the Act of August 24, 1912. Annual subscription $1.50. Single copies IS cents. JOURNAL of THE NEW YORK BOTANICAL GARDEN VOL. 48 DECEMBER 1947 No. 576 Woody Plants Unique and Noteworthy In the Rochester Parks A Survey and Appraisal of the Work of Bernard H. Slavin By Elisabeth Keiper HE parks of Rochester, New York, are widely famed for their great T plant collections. Best known of these today is the aggregation of lilacs in Highland Park, a planting which in May each year brings tourists and plant lovers from all sections of the country on a pilgrimage. While these lilacs—400 species and varieties—are the great attraction, there are other assemblages of woody plants which are equally noteworthy, though they are, by their nature, less spectacular. They are part of the long succes­ sion of novelties which have been the life blood of the Rochester park system in its horticultural aspects. Begun in the days when the city was one of the nursery capitals of the world, by virtue of the presence of such renowned firms as Ellwanger & Barry, Chase Brothers, Green's, and Brown Brothers, Rochester's park system has been developed in keeping with a rich tradition. Famed plant hunters, including E. H. Wilson, have made contributions to the diversity of its material, and outstanding arboretums have shared in its building. The parks thus have come to harbor a treasure of woody plants from Asia, Europe, and the North American continent which are adapted to the climate of northeastern United States. They have not only assembled this material but in turn have enriched the horticultural world with many new and valuable forms of trees and shrubs produced within their acres. Students of the lilac are aware that a number of fine forms of Syringa vulgaris, presented to the world in the 1920s, were developed in Rochester by John Dunbar while he was assistant superintendent of parks. But the 269 270 work of his successor, Bernard H. Slavin, in discovering and producing new forms of many other ornamental woody plants is known to only a few horticulturists, and by them, even, not in its entirety. It is time, therefore, that an attempt should be made to correlate and appraise the work of Slavin, who retired five years ago as superintendent of parks. For he was a great American plantsman, who, to the immense good fortune of the Rochester parks and the millions who have enjoyed them, gave more than a half century of devoted service to enlarging the tradition of "The Flower City." Foremost among Slavin's horticultural contributions to his home city, and other cities as well, is the development of upright trees for street planting. Rochesterians by the thousands daily enjoy street and parkway vistas which are a testament to Slavin's early discernment of the value of these slender forms and to his discovery of several new ones among the favorite trees used on streets in the Northeast. The major Slavin achievements in this respect are an upright elm, Ulmus amcricana ascend ens CI) (2)* and an upright Norway maple, Acer plata- noides crectum (1) (2), which have been generously propagated and planted along the city streets. * Figures in parentheses refer to the volumes listed at the end of the article, in which these forms are described. At the entrance to the Veterans' Memorial Bridge in Rochester. N. T., erect forms of the Norway maple have been used to avoid obscuring motorists' vision. 271 Fortyyear old upright elms line some of Rochester's streets. These are on Navarre Road. Conscious of the problem of inducing street trees to grow in a modern city where pavements limit their natural water supply and sooty air menaces healthy growth, Slavin pinned his faith on narrow trees for narrow streets. He also saw them as more suitable for cramped quarters than spreading forms and for the outlining of parkways where the vision of motorists must not be obscured. Today this faith is justified by a beautiful planting of fastigiate Norway maples on the approaches to Rochester's handsome Veterans' Memorial Bridge over the deep Genesee River gorge. Here, circular drives are rimmed by the slender green spires without interfering with a complicated maze of ever-flowing traffic. This gift of Slavin to the science of street tree planting in the north­ eastern United States alone should entitle him to lasting fame. But there is more of the story to be read in the city parks, where may be found, for example, a pink-flowered shadbush, the Katherine crab, a dwarf Mugo pine, and many other unusual items little known to the world, but present­ ing distinctive offerings for American gardens. 272 Slavin, who gave his entire career to the Rochester parks with rare dedication, and who had no interest in promotion of personal fame or fortune, would be the last person to think of himself as an originator of plants. His work was that of a park man, to whom fell the happy lot of returning hundreds of barren acres to a state of verdure. This was a task of magnitude, but it did not daunt him. It called for wholesale propagation of plants in park nurseries, in the course of which nature, with her usual caprices, occasionally presented him an offspring of unusual character. These newcomers were not a goal such as that for which the conscious hybridizer strives, but were a by-product. This fact, however, by no means diminishes their value. Slavin was too busy to make use of the camel's hair brush of the hybridizer. What he did was collect seeds, often by the bushel, from promising parents, sow the seeds, line out the seedlings in nursery rows and watch for results with a critical eye. Quantity production was the primary aim. There were acres to be replanted and the budget ruled out purchase of nursery materials in the heroic proportions that were needed. But he was not indifferent to quality, to the chance variation or to something new and better, produced as a natural hybrid. That is why the great plant collections of the Rochester parks are dotted with Slavin- produced originations. Some, like the pink shadbush, Amclanchicr grandi- flora rubescens, have been named and recorded by authorities such as Dr. Alfred Rehder (1). Others, unnamed but no less beautiful and note­ worthy, still bear only the label "BHS" with a number, waiting for a latter-day "discoverer" to give them recognition. Slavin has always been too much engrossed in his job to be concerned with personal renown, and so he has never pushed his own originations to the fore in the plant world. He has been content to cherish, propagate, and plant them and to let the work speak for itself. After a 52-year career in the Rochester parks, which took him from day laborer to superintendent, Slavin retired in 1942, one of the last of the old-line plantsmen who came up the hard way. He began work in 1888, at the age of 16, with a shovel, earning 15 cents an hour for a 10-hour day in Genesee Valley Park, then new and waiting to be developed. Barney was green, but he was also Irish and tough. He "had to be tough," he later declared, to boss the lumbermen who came in from the woods to work in the parks and over whom he early became foreman.
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