Sacred Music, Winter 2006
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SACRED MUSIC Winter 2006 Volume 133, Number 4 EDITORIAL Singing the Mass | Jeffrey Tucker 3 ARTICLES Graduale or Missale: The Confusion Resolved | Christoph Tietze 4 The Ascendant Tone and the Desire for the Transcendental | Wilko Brouwers 13 Propers or “Other Suitable Songs”? | Michael Lawrence 16 Reflections on Mary’s Song | Fr. John T. Zuhlsdorf 21 The Communion Imperative | Jeffrey Tucker 25 The Promise and Pitfalls of the Parish Music Workshop | Arlene Oost-Zinner and 28 Jeffrey Tucker REPERTORY Advent: O Sing Unto the Lord an Old Song | Michael Procter 36 Alma Redemptoris Mater: Notes Toward a Filiation of the Chant | Michael Procter 39 Compline with Tallis | Susan Treacy 42 DOCUMENTS Blessing of the New Organ | Benedict XVI 47 William Byrd the Catholic | Kerry McCarthy 48 REVIEWS De Maria nunquam satis | The Orchestral Organ | Don Capisco 51 REPORT All About Byrd 52 MEMBER NEWS 53 LAST WORD Parish Bulletin 2010 | Kurt Poterack 54 THE SUMMER MUSIC COLLOQUIUM XVII 56 SACRED MUSIC Formed as a continuation of Caecilia ,published by the Society of St. Caecilia since 1874, and The Catholic Choirmaster , published by the Society of St. Gregory of America since 1915. Published quarterly by the Church Music Association of America. Office of Publication: 12421 New Point Drive, Harbour Cove, Richmond, VA 23233. E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.musicasacra.com Editor: William Mahrt Managing Editor: Jeffrey Tucker Editor-at-Large: Kurt Poterack Editorial Assistants: Jane Errera, Richard Rice, Arlene Oost-Zinner Membership and Circulation: 12421 New Point Drive Harbour Cove Richmond, VA 23233 CHURCH MUSIC ASSOCIATION OF AMERICA Officers and Board of Directors President: William Mahrt Vice-President: Horst Buchholz General Secretary: Rosemary Reninger Treasurer: William Stoops Chaplain: Rev. Father Robert A. Skeris Directors: Susan Treacy, Jeffrey Tucker, Scott Turkington Directors Emeriti: Rev. Father Ralph S. March, S.O.Cist; Kurt Poterack; Rev. Father Robert Pasley; Paul F. Salamunovich; Very Rev. Monsignor Richard J. Schuler Membership in the Church Music Association of America includes a sub- scription to Sacred Music. Membership is $30.00 annually; student member- ship is $15.00 annually. Single copies are $7.50. Parish membership $150 (a bundle of 6 copies per issue). Send applications and changes of address to Sacred Music, 12421 New Point Drive, Harbour Cove, Richmond, VA 23233. Make checks payable to the Church Music Association of America. Online membership: www.musicasacra.com. LC Control Number: sf 86092056 Sacred Music is indexed in the Catholic Periodical and Literature Index, Music Index, Music Article Guide, and Arts and Humanities Index. Copyright © Church Music Association of America, 2006. ISSN: 0036-2255 SACRED MUSIC is published quarterly for $30.00 per year by the Church Music Association of America, 12421 New Point Drive, Harbour Cove, Richmond, VA 23233. Periodicals postage paid at Montgomery, Alabama. Postmaster: Send address changes to SACRED MUSIC, 12421 New Point Drive, Harbour Cove, Richmond, VA 23233. EDITORIAL Singing the Mass By Jeffrey Tucker he progress that the new Catholic music movement is making is often defined in terms that might have amazed that generation that came of age in the 1970s. We ask each other how many of the propers of the Mass we are able to sing each week. We discuss our progress in replacing the vernacular communion hymn with the chant and psalms from the Graduale. We talk about how much of the ordinary the congregation sings in Latin and how much still remains in English, and how often we can enact a change. We speak of how best to move from the “four hymn sand- wich”—as it has come to be called—toward the ideal of the Second Vatican Council in which we truly sing the Mass. These discussions go on day after day on blogs, forums, emails, and phone calls, and the number of participants grows by the day. Even as I am writing, I have received a note from a music director in Louisiana who declared with triumph that his new chant schola has just completed a third week of singing the communion antiphon. The excitement is palpable because he has an ideal in his head, and that ideal comes from the Graduale Romanum, which is the book that the Church has given scholas as an inspiring framework and goal. And clearly this goal and ideal needs reinforcement. It needs to be taught and explained. If the new Catholic music movement should have any overarching goal, it should be to inspire a new generation to acquire the Gradual and work toward making it a living reality in all our parishes. Hardly a day passes when I don’t receive a communication from someone who expresses surprise that the Roman Rite already has music that is intertwined with its history and rubrics, that there is already an official song intimately bound up with the Rite. How could this have escaped the notice of so many for so long? Part of the blame must rest with a certain document issued in 1972 and revised in 1983 by the Bishops’ Committee on Liturgy. The document is called Music in Catholic Worship. It has been a primary text in music workshops and seminaries for thirty years. Its paragraph 51 reads as follows: “The former distinction between the ordinary and proper parts of the Mass with regard to musical settings and distribution of roles is no longer retained. For this reason the musical settings of the past are usually not helpful models for composing truly liturgical pieces today.” What basis is there for these claims? The short answer is none. They were made and pub- lished, and their message was permitted to saturate American liturgical culture, even as our heritage and ideals slipped away. So it is long past time for this document to be rewritten to reflect both the letter and spirit of official teaching. As we wait, the work continues in our parishes and in the Church at large, not only to clar- ify the confusion introduced in the postconciliar period but, more importantly, to draw atten- tion to the beautiful ideal and the perfect song that the Church has given us. µ Jeffrey Tucker is managing editor of Sacred Music. [email protected] 3 Sacred Music Volume 133, Number 4 Winter 2006 ARTICLES Graduale or Missale: The Confusion Resolved By Christoph Tietze n order for Gregorian chant to continue its exalted place in the Roman Catholic Mass, three conditions will need to be ful- filled: 1. The official church documents must recognize Gregorian chant as the most proper form of music for the liturgy, 2. The proper texts of the chants must be identified as the proper texts of the Mass, and 3. These two points must be made clear in practical applica- tions. I will now explore these points in regard to the inclusion of proper texts into the new Roman Missal and the confusion this has caused, particularly in the United States of America. In 1968, as part of the proceedings of the Second Vatican Council, a questionnaire was sent to 12,000 liturgical experts. The first question was whether the proper texts of the introit should be omitted in recited Masses. Of the 1,388 responses, 71% voted in favor of recited introits and 29% voted to omit them. To the next question, whether the “antiphons of the introit should be revised, so that they could be recited for spiritual fruit,”1 91% answered affirmative. On the basis of these results, the Consilium of April 1968 decided that both the introit and com- munion antiphons should be recited in Masses without music, and that these texts should be revised for the new Missale Romanum (MR). A study group was formed to examine the Gregorian introits and communions for recitability, deleting or changing texts which it deemed unsuitable for recited speech, and filling the holes with texts found in old missals, antiphoners, and other biblical and non-biblical sources. These new texts were chosen for what Adalberto Franquesa, the secretary of this sub-committee, calls “functionality.”2 The texts of the Christoph Tietze is music director and organist at the Cathedral of Saint Mary of the Assumption, San Francisco, California. This paper was presented at the Cantus Planus Conference, Niederaltaich, Germany, September 2006. 1”Para que pudieran ser recitados con fruto espiritual.” Adalberto Franquesa, OSB, “Las Antífonias del Introito y de la Comunión en las misas sin canto,” Notitiae, 6 (1970), 214. 2”Se ha tenido en cuenta la functionalidad del texto. En efecto se trata de un texto que debe tener un sentido aunque lo recite el sacerdote solo . 4 Sacred Music Volume 133, Number 4 Winter 2006 introit, e.g., should “impart in the assembly a sense of feast or season, and introduce this in the atmosphere of joy, penitence, sadness, etc.” Also, an effort was made to place the remaining Gregorian texts on the same feasts as where they are found in the new Graduale Romanum (GR). Of the Sunday and feastday introits, most Gregorian texts were left intact; on the other hand, however, most communions were changed. But it was always made clear that the Gregorian texts had primacy in sung applications. Let us compare three texts which replaced some Gregorian introits: Baptism of the Lord: GR: Dilexisti iustitiam, et odisti iniquitatem: propterea unxit te Deus, Deus tuus, oleo laetitiae prae consortibus tuis. Ps. 44:8 MR: Baptizato Domino, aperti sunt caeli, et sicut columba super eum Spiritus mansit, et vox Patris intonuit: Hic est Filius meus dilectus, in quo mihi bene complacui. Mt. 3:16–17 While the narrative MR text certainly imparts a sense of the feast, the deeper meaning found in the connection to the Old Testament, inherent in the GR text from the psalms, is lost.