Faszination Raumfahrt Erleben! Viele Von Uns Waren Noch Gar Nicht Auf Der Welt, Da War Der Mensch Schon Auf Dem Mond
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SIGINT: the Mission Cubesats Are Made for a Small Country’S Perspective
Naval Research Laboratory 22 June 1960 SIGINT: The Mission CubeSats are Made For A Small Country’s Perspective 32nd Annual AIAA/USU Conference on Small Satellites 1 ISIS - Innovative Solutions In Space Vertically Integrated Small Satellite Company SATELLITE CUBESAT LAUNCH SERVICES R&D SERVICES SOLUTIONS PRODUCTS 2 SIGINT – ELINT – Spectrum Monitoring SIGINT SpectrumCOMINT Monitoring ELINT FISINT/TELINT TECHNICAL OPERATIONAL • Discover new systems • Location • Details about emissions • Schedule • Performance estimation • Movement • ECM development • Warning 3 Spectrum Monitoring Causes of Interference Source: Eutelsat briefing to the ITU (2013) 4 Miniturization 5 ELINT: Single-Satellite Solution Lotos-S/Pion-NKS 8 - 12 m Images courtesy of RussianSpaceWeb 6 ELINT: Direction Finding Direction of Arrival/Angle of Arrival 7 Fundamental Limits Why the Shrink-Ray Won’t Work Size has effect on direction finding accuracy because of: • Antenna gain (i.e. SNR) • Number of array elements that can be placed • Array element spacing A 6U-face of CubeSat offers very limited real estate Images courtesy of NASA 8 BRIK-II Royal Netherlannds Air Force 9 ELINT: Multi-Satellite Solution Naval Ocean Surveillance System Picture by John C. Murphy 10 Capacité de Renseignement Electromagnétique Spatiale (CERES) 781 M€ Essaim 216 M€ 2004 Elisa 115 M€ 2007 2009 2011 CERES 450 M€ 2013 2015 2020 Images courtesy of CNES 11 Miniturization through Distribution Opening Up The Trade Space Number of satellites in orbit Image courtesy of the Science and Technology Policy Institute 12 Radio Astronomy An Intransparent Affair 13 Orbiting Low Frequency Antennas for Radio Astronomy < 100 km > 50 satellites = 0.006° (30 MHz) 14 Maturing CubeSats for ELINT/Spectrum Monitoring & Astronomy Development Areas Station-Keeping ISL & Synchronization 2-100 Satellites Relative Position Knowledge From A. -
Space in Central and Eastern Europe
EU 4+ SPACE IN CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES FOR THE EUROPEAN SPACE ENDEAVOUR Report 5, September 2007 Charlotte Mathieu, ESPI European Space Policy Institute Report 5, September 2007 1 Short Title: ESPI Report 5, September 2007 Editor, Publisher: ESPI European Space Policy Institute A-1030 Vienna, Schwarzenbergplatz 6 Austria http://www.espi.or.at Tel.: +43 1 718 11 18 - 0 Fax - 99 Copyright: ESPI, September 2007 This report was funded, in part, through a contract with the EUROPEAN SPACE AGENCY (ESA). Rights reserved - No part of this report may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or for any purpose without permission from ESPI. Citations and extracts to be published by other means are subject to mentioning “source: ESPI Report 5, September 2007. All rights reserved” and sample transmission to ESPI before publishing. Price: 11,00 EUR Printed by ESA/ESTEC Compilation, Layout and Design: M. A. Jakob/ESPI and Panthera.cc Report 5, September 2007 2 EU 4+ Executive Summary ....................................................................................... 5 Introduction…………………………………………………………………………………………7 Part I - The New EU Member States Introduction................................................................................................... 9 1. What is really at stake for Europe? ....................................................... 10 1.1. The European space community could benefit from a further cooperation with the ECS ................................................................. 10 1.2. However, their economic weight remains small in the European landscape and they still suffer from organisatorial and funding issues .... 11 1.2.1. Economic weight of the ECS in Europe ........................................... 11 1.2.2. Reality of their impact on competition ............................................ 11 1.2.3. Foreign policy issues ................................................................... 12 1.2.4. Internal challenges ..................................................................... 12 1.3. -
BAB II PENINGKATAN KAPABILITAS MILITER CHINA BAB II Akan
BAB II PENINGKATAN KAPABILITAS MILITER CHINA BAB II akan memberikan uraian penulis tentang peningkatan kapabilitas militer China dan ancaman bagi Jepang. Kapabilitas militer China tidak bisa diuraikan tanpa adanya proses-proses seperti Lompatan Jauh ke Depan, Revolusi Kebudayaan dan Reformasi Ekonomi. Keberhasilan reformasi ekonomi membuat GDP China semakin meningkat sehingga membuatnya mempunyai anggaran yang cukup untuk meningkatkan kapabilitas militernya. 2.1 Kebangkitan Ekonomi dan Sosial China RRC (Republik Rakyat China) pertama kali diproklamasikan oleh Mao Zedong pada 1 Oktober 1949 di lapangan Tiananmen. Pada masa pemerintahannya Mao menggunakan praktek Lompatan Jauh ke Depan dan Revolusi Kebudayaan. Praktek Lompatan Jauh ke Depan dilakukan Mao untuk meniru model pembangunan Uni Soviet agar terbentuk masyarakat yang terkonstruktur, tumbuhnya birokrasi dalam pemerintahan, organisasi militer profesional.1 Praktek Lompatan Jauh ke Depan dan Revolusi Kebudayaan yang dilakukan oleh Mao tersebut mengalami kegagalan. Kegagalan tersebut kemudian membuat China melakukan reformasi ekonomi yang dilakukan oleh Deng Xiaoping. Reformasi yang dilakukan oleh Deng membuat perekonomian China 1Mao Zedong 1893-19, diakses pada http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/mao_zedong.shtml (10/09/2016. 00:07 WIB) 21 meningkat dan juga China lebih terbuka dalam melakukan kerjasama dengan negara lain.2 2.1.1 Lompatan Jauh ke Depan Lompatan Jauh ke Depan (The Great Leap Forward) terjadi pada tahun 1958 merupakan kampanye yang bertujuan untuk membangkitkan ekonomi China melalui industrialisasi secara besar-besaran dibidang industri baja sebagai prioritas utama. Secara prinsip, Mao ingin meningkatkan produksi baja, industri ringan, dan konstruksi secara besar-besaran serta pengerahan tenaga rakyat secara besar-besaran. Rakyat disatukan menjadi komune dan disalurkan untuk bekerja di pabrik-pabrik pemerintahan. -
Pete Aldridge Well, Good Afternoon, Ladies and Gentlemen, and Welcome to the Fifth and Final Public Hearing of the President’S Commission on Moon, Mars, and Beyond
The President’s Commission on Implementation of United States Space Exploration Policy PUBLIC HEARING Asia Society 725 Park Avenue New York, NY Monday, May 3, and Tuesday, May 4, 2004 Pete Aldridge Well, good afternoon, ladies and gentlemen, and welcome to the fifth and final public hearing of the President’s Commission on Moon, Mars, and Beyond. I think I can speak for everyone here when I say that the time period since this Commission was appointed and asked to produce a report has elapsed at the speed of light. At least it seems that way. Since February, we’ve heard testimonies from a broad range of space experts, the Mars rovers have won an expanded audience of space enthusiasts, and a renewed interest in space science has surfaced, calling for a new generation of space educators. In less than a month, we will present our findings to the White House. The Commission is here to explore ways to achieve the President’s vision of going back to the Moon and on to Mars and beyond. We have listened and talked to experts at four previous hearings—in Washington, D.C.; Dayton, Ohio; Atlanta, Georgia; and San Francisco, California—and talked among ourselves and we realize that this vision produces a focus not just for NASA but a focus that can revitalize US space capability and have a significant impact on our nation’s industrial base, and academia, and the quality of life for all Americans. As you can see from our agenda, we’re talking with those experts from many, many disciplines, including those outside the traditional aerospace arena. -
Highlights in Space 2010
International Astronautical Federation Committee on Space Research International Institute of Space Law 94 bis, Avenue de Suffren c/o CNES 94 bis, Avenue de Suffren UNITED NATIONS 75015 Paris, France 2 place Maurice Quentin 75015 Paris, France Tel: +33 1 45 67 42 60 Fax: +33 1 42 73 21 20 Tel. + 33 1 44 76 75 10 E-mail: : [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Fax. + 33 1 44 76 74 37 URL: www.iislweb.com OFFICE FOR OUTER SPACE AFFAIRS URL: www.iafastro.com E-mail: [email protected] URL : http://cosparhq.cnes.fr Highlights in Space 2010 Prepared in cooperation with the International Astronautical Federation, the Committee on Space Research and the International Institute of Space Law The United Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs is responsible for promoting international cooperation in the peaceful uses of outer space and assisting developing countries in using space science and technology. United Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs P. O. Box 500, 1400 Vienna, Austria Tel: (+43-1) 26060-4950 Fax: (+43-1) 26060-5830 E-mail: [email protected] URL: www.unoosa.org United Nations publication Printed in Austria USD 15 Sales No. E.11.I.3 ISBN 978-92-1-101236-1 ST/SPACE/57 *1180239* V.11-80239—January 2011—775 UNITED NATIONS OFFICE FOR OUTER SPACE AFFAIRS UNITED NATIONS OFFICE AT VIENNA Highlights in Space 2010 Prepared in cooperation with the International Astronautical Federation, the Committee on Space Research and the International Institute of Space Law Progress in space science, technology and applications, international cooperation and space law UNITED NATIONS New York, 2011 UniTEd NationS PUblication Sales no. -
Space Debris
IADC-11-04 April 2013 Space Debris IADC Assessment Report for 2010 Issued by the IADC Steering Group Table of Contents 1. Foreword .......................................................................... 1 2. IADC Highlights ................................................................ 2 3. Space Debris Activities in the United Nations ................... 4 4. Earth Satellite Population .................................................. 6 5. Satellite Launches, Reentries and Retirements ................ 10 6. Satellite Fragmentations ................................................... 15 7. Collision Avoidance .......................................................... 17 8. Orbital Debris Removal ..................................................... 18 9. Major Meetings Addressing Space Debris ........................ 20 Appendix: Satellite Break-ups, 2000-2010 ............................ 22 IADC Assessment Report for 2010 i Acronyms ADR Active Debris Removal ASI Italian Space Agency CNES Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales (France) CNSA China National Space Agency CSA Canadian Space Agency COPUOS Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space, United Nations DLR German Aerospace Center ESA European Space Agency GEO Geosynchronous Orbit region (region near 35,786 km altitude where the orbital period of a satellite matches that of the rotation rate of the Earth) IADC Inter-Agency Space Debris Coordination Committee ISRO Indian Space Research Organization ISS International Space Station JAXA Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency LEO Low -
NANOSAT 1B COMUNICACIONES Orbita NANOSAT 1B
COMMUNICATIONS NANOSAT 1B COMUNICACIONES Orbita NANOSAT 1B Tipo: Polar heliosíncrona Keflavik Altura: 660 km. ANTARCTICA Inclinación: 98º INTA Madrid El Arenosillo ANTARTIDA Izaña Pune NANOSAT 1B NANOTECNOLOGIA Buenos Aires NANOTECHNOLOGY Usuhaia Marambio Belgrano una nueva filosofía de diseño Estaciones INTA INTA stations Estación Antártica Belgrano Belgrano Antarctic Station para sistemas espaciales Comunicaciones con la Antártida Communications with Antarctica Gracias a su órbita polar el NANOSAT 1B viene a sustituir a su ante- Thanks to his polar orbit, the NANOSAT 1B will replace his predecessor, cesor, el NANOSAT 01, para enlazar el INTA en Madrid con estaciones the NANOSAT 01, in order to link INTA-Madrid with scientific stations in científicas en lugares remotos como las situadas en la Antártida. remote places as the ones in the Antarctica. Los satélites geoestacionarios de comunicaciones no cubren esas (The geostationary communications satellites do not cover extreme latitudes extremas. latitudes.) A new philosophy for space systems design www.inta.es www.inta.es COMMUNICATIONS Carga útil de NANOSAT 1B NANOSAT 1B Payload NANOSAT 1B es un nanosatélite, pesa menos de 20 kg y mide COMUNICACIONES menos de medio metro de lado. Tiene forma hexagonal y va cu- LDT, Las Dos Torres bierto de paneles solares igual que su antecesor el NANOSAT Desarrollado totalmente por el INTA, es un detector de proto- 01 al que toma el relevo al acabar su vida útil. nes de alta energía que servirá para caracterizar el ambiente ANTARCTICA espacial en este rango de radiación. ANTARTIDA Incorpora como novedad en su carga útil: NANOSAT 1B it is a nanosatellite that weights about 20 kg and LDT, The Two Towers Totally developed by INTA, is a high energy protons detector which will measures less than half a meter side. -
Space Policies, Issues and Trends in 2010/2011
Space Policies, Issues and Trends in 2010/2011 Report 35 June 2011 Spyros Pagkratis Short title: ESPI Report 35 ISSN: 2076-6688 Published in June 2011 Price: €11 Editor and publisher: European Space Policy Institute, ESPI Schwarzenbergplatz 6 • 1030 Vienna • Austria http://www.espi.or.at Tel. +43 1 7181118-0; Fax -99 Rights reserved – No part of this report may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or for any purpose with- out permission from ESPI. Citations and extracts to be published by other means are subject to mentioning “Source: ESPI Report 35; June 2011. All rights reserved” and sample transmission to ESPI before publishing. ESPI is not responsible for any losses, injury or damage caused to any person or property (including under contract, by negligence, product liability or otherwise) whether they may be direct or indirect, special, inciden- tal or consequential, resulting from the information contained in this publication. Design: Panthera.cc ESPI Report 35 2 June 2011 Space Policies, Issues and Trends in 2010/2011 Table of Contents 1. Global Political and Economic Trends 5 1.1 Global Economic Outlook 5 1.2 Political Developments 6 1.2.1 Security 6 1.2.2 Environment 7 1.2.3 Energy 7 1.2.4 Resources 8 1.2.5 Knowledge 8 1.2.6 Mobility 11 2. Global Space Sector Size and Developments 12 2.1 Global Space Budgets and Revenues 12 2.2 Overview of Institutional Space Budgets 12 2.3 Overview of Commercial Space Markets 16 2.3.1 Satellite Services 16 2.3.2 Satellite Manufacturing 19 2.3.3 Launch Sector 19 2.3.4. -
A Tale of Two Spaceports Telemedicine SATCOM Testing Forrester's Focus a Chat with Mike Antonovich Middle East Connections
Worldwide Satellite Magazine May 2011 SatMagazine A Tale Of Two Spaceports Telemedicine SATCOM Testing Forrester’s Focus A Chat With Mike Antonovich Middle East Connections A Case In Point x2 SatMagazine Vol. 4, No. 3 — May 2011 Silvano Payne, Publisher + Author Hartley G. Lesser, Editorial Director Pattie Waldt, Editor Jill Durfee, Sales Director, Editorial Assistant Donald McGee, Production Manager Simon Payne, Development Manager Chris Forrester, Associate Editor Richard Dutchik, Contributing Editor Michael Fleck, Contributing Editor Alan Gottlieb, Contributing Editor Dan Makinster, Technical Advisor Authors Chris Forrester Beate Hoehne Hartley Lesser Pattie Waldt Published monthly by Satnews Publishers 800 Siesta Way Sonoma, CA 95476 USA Phone: (707) 939-9306 Fax: (707) 838-9235 © 2011 Satnews Publishers We reserve the right to edit all submitted materials to meet our content guidelines, as well as for grammar and spelling consistency. Articles may be moved to an alternative issue to accommodate publication space requirements or removed due to space restrictions. Submission of content does not constitute acceptance of said material by SatNews Publishers. Edited materials may, or may not, be returned to author and/or company for review prior to publication. The views expressed in our various publications do not necessarily reflect the views or opinions of SatNews Publishers. All included imagery is courtesy of, and copyright to, the respective companies. 3 SatMagazine — May 2011 SatMagazine — May 2011 — Payload InfoBeam 08 Focus 36 -
Actes Du Colloque Du 2 Novembre 2005
- 1 - ACTES DU COLLOQUE DU 2 NOVEMBRE 2005 « LA POLITIQUE SPATIALE EUROPÉENNE : QUELLES AMBITIONS POUR 2015 ? » ORGANISÉ PAR M. HENRI REVOL, SÉNATEUR, PRÉSIDENT DE L’OFFICE PARLEMENTAIRE D’ÉVALUATION DES CHOIX SCIENTIFIQUES ET TECHNOLOGIQUES ET M. CHRISTIAN CABAL, DÉPUTÉ, PRÉSIDENT DU GROUPE PARLEMENTAIRE SUR L’ESPACE - 2 - SOMMAIRE Pages I. INTERVENTIONS DE LA MATINÉE .................................................................................... 4 A. INTRODUCTION AU COLLOQUE PAR M. HENRI REVOL, SÉNATEUR, PRÉSIDENT DE L’OFFICE PARLEMENTAIRE D’ÉVALUATION DES CHOIX SCIENTIFIQUES ET TECHNOLOGIQUES ............................................................................. 4 B. INTERVENTION DE M. FRANÇOIS GOULARD, MINISTRE DÉLÉGUÉ À L’ENSEIGNEMENT SUPÉRIEUR ET À LA RECHERCHE. ................................................... 8 C. PREMIÈRE TABLE RONDE : L’AVENIR DE LA PROPULSION, LES LANCEURS DE DEMAIN ............................................................................................................................. 11 1. M. Viktor REMICHEVSKI, Directeur général adjoint de ROSKOSMOS ................................. 12 2. M. Kiyoshi HIGUCHI, Directeur exécutif de la JAXA (Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency .................................................................................................................................... 16 3. M. Jean-Yves LE GALL, Directeur général d’Arianespace ..................................................... 19 4. M. Michel EYMARD, Directeur des lanceurs du CNES.......................................................... -
A Decade of Growth
A publication of The Orbital Debris Program Office NASA Johnson Space Center Houston, Texas 77058 October 2000 Volume 5, Issue 4. NEWS A Decade of Growth P. Anz-Meador and Globalstar commercial communication of the population. For example, consider the This article will examine changes in the spacecraft constellations, respectively. Given peak between 840-850 km (Figure 1’s peak low Earth orbit (LEO) environment over the the uncertain future of the Iridium constellation, “B”). This volume is populated by the period 1990-2000. Two US Space Surveillance the spike between 770 and 780 km may change Commonwealth of Independent State’s Tselina- Network (SSN) catalogs form the basis of our drastically or even disappear over the next 2 spacecraft constellation, several US Defense comparison. Included are all unclassified several years. Less prominent is the Orbcomm Meteorological Support Program (DMSP) cataloged and uncataloged objects in both data commercial constellation, with a primary spacecraft, and their associated rocket bodies sets, but objects whose epoch times are “older” concentration between 810 and 820 km altitude and debris. While the region is traversed by than 30 days were excluded from further (peak “A” in Figure 1). Smaller series of many other space objects, including debris, consideration. Moreover, the components of satellites may also result in local enhancements these satellites and rocket boosters are in near the Mir orbital station are 3.0E-08 circular orbits. Thus, any “collectivized” into one group of spacecraft whose object so as not to depict a orbits are tightly January 1990 plethora of independently- 2.5E-08 maintained are capable of orbiting objects at Mir’s A January 2000 producing a spike similar altitude; the International B to that observed with the Space Station (ISS) is 2.0E-08 commercial constellations. -
Mission Model (Aggregate)
Mission Models (Graphical Depiction) IOAG-14, Nov. 2-4, 2010 Update/s after IOAG-14 Meeting: (1) IOAG Secretariat / 2011-Jan.-14: Incorporated 2010-12-15 ESA update Earth Missions (1) 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 COSMO –SM1 COSMO –SM2 ASI COSMO –SM3 COSMO –SM4 AGI MIOSAT PRISMA SPOT HELIOS 2010 TELECOM-2 Legend Green – In operation JASON Light green – Potential extension Blue – In development DEMETER TARANIS Light Blue – Potential extension Yellow – Proposed ESSAIM MICROSCOPE Light Yellow – Proposed extension CNES PARASOL MERLIN Note: Color fade to white indicates End Date unknown CALIPSO COROT CERES SMOS CSO-MUSIS (terminate 2028, potentially extend to 2030) PICARD MICROCARB (*) No dates provided Earth Missions (2) 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 BIR DEOS Legend Green – In operation GR1/ GR2 ENMAP Light green – Potential extension Blue – In development SB1/SB2 Light Blue – Potential extension Yellow – Proposed DLR TerraSAR-X H2SAT* Light Yellow – Proposed extension TET Asteroiden Finder* Note: Color fade to white indicates End Date unknown TanDEM-X PRISMA 2010 (*) No dates provided Earth Missions (3) 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 ERS 2 ADM-AEOLUS ENVISAT Sentinel 1B Extends to Oct. 2026 CRYOSAT 2 Sentinel 2B Extends to Jun. 2027 GOCE Earth Case Swarm Sentinel 1A Sentinel 2A Sentinel 3A ESA 2010 Sentinel 3B Extends to Aug. 2027 MSG MSG METOP METOP ARTEMIS GALILEO Legend Green – In operation