Tang-Song Transition”
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An Overview of Hakka Migration History: Where Are You From?
客家 My China Roots & CBA Jamaica An overview of Hakka Migration History: Where are you from? July, 2016 www.mychinaroots.com & www.cbajamaica.com 15 © My China Roots An Overview of Hakka Migration History: Where Are You From? Table of Contents Introduction.................................................................................................................................... 3 Five Key Hakka Migration Waves............................................................................................. 3 Mapping the Waves ....................................................................................................................... 3 First Wave: 4th Century, “the Five Barbarians,” Jin Dynasty......................................................... 4 Second Wave: 10th Century, Fall of the Tang Dynasty ................................................................. 6 Third Wave: Late 12th & 13th Century, Fall Northern & Southern Song Dynasties ....................... 7 Fourth Wave: 2nd Half 17th Century, Ming-Qing Cataclysm .......................................................... 8 Fifth Wave: 19th – Early 20th Century ............................................................................................. 9 Case Study: Hakka Migration to Jamaica ............................................................................ 11 Introduction .................................................................................................................................. 11 Context for Early Migration: The Coolie Trade........................................................................... -
Mei Jijapan'sencounter Modernization
KyotoKyotoUniversity University Southeast Asian Studies.Vol, 33, No. 3, December 1995 Meiji Japan's Encounter with Modernization * Hisao FuRuKAwA I The Medern Age The periodization of history is probably just as important a task for the historian as the establishment of areal divisions is for the researcher in area study. How history is divided, and how the world is divided into areas, express in their demarcations the condensation of a comprehensive view of world history and of a view of the relationship between nature and man. During my two trips to China in 1990 and 1991, Ihad the pleasure of reading Ichisada Miyazaki's two-volume History of China [Miyazaki 1977], which convinced me that the division of time into four periodsTancient times, the middle ages, pre-modern times, and most-modern times <the modern age)-in a centralized society such as China was appropriate. This four-period system is extended to the whole of world history, and the follo-Jing reason is given for dividing Europe's modern age from pre-modern tirnes. Silver ingots mined and smelted in the New World by slaves were brought to Europe, which profited from unheard-of prosperity. The European world came te create an industrial revolutionary culture that practically regarded preceding cultures as worthless. This began in the latter half of the eighteenth century, and the history of Europe at this stage suddenly entered a new phase. So, I divide this phase from the earlier pre・modern times as the modern age....[Yet] the modern age is not the antithesis of pre-modern times; it refers to the fact that pre-modern trends advanced all the more strongly, [ibid., Vol. -
BSO Volume 40 Issue 1 Front Matter
BULLETIN OF THE SCHOOL OF ORIENTAL AND AFRICAN STUDIES UNIVERSITY OF LONDON Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. IP address: 170.106.35.234, on 27 Sep 2021 at 12:45:30, subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use, available at https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0041977X00040350 Volume XL 1977 BULLETIN OF THE SCHOOL OF ORIENTAL AND AFRICAN STUDIES UNIVERSITY OF LONDON Published by THE SCHOOL OF ORIENTAL AND AFRICAN STUDIES Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. IP address: 170.106.35.234, on 27 Sep 2021 at 12:45:30, subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use, available at https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0041977X00040350 I School of Oriental and African Studies University of London UK ISSN 0041—977X JOHN RYLAN1* UNIVERSITY: LIBRARY OH MANCHESTER Printed in England by Stephen Austin and Sons, Ltd., Caxton Hill, Hertford Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. IP address: 170.106.35.234, on 27 Sep 2021 at 12:45:30, subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use, available at https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0041977X00040350 CONTENTS AETICLES AND NOTES AND COMMUNICATIONS PAGE C. R. BAWDEN : A note on the inscriptions on two Chinese rugs in the Victoria and Albert Museum ...... 586 A. F. L. BEESTON : Notes on a Middle-Arabic ' Joseph ' poem . 287 S. P. BROCK : A letter attributed to Cyril of Jerusalem on the re- building of the Temple . 267 JOHN BROUGH : The Arapacana syllabary in the old Lalita-vistara . -
The Diaspora of Korean Children: a Cross-Cultural Study of the Educational Crisis in Contemporary South Korea
University of Montana ScholarWorks at University of Montana Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers Graduate School 2007 The Diaspora of Korean Children: A Cross-Cultural Study of the Educational Crisis in Contemporary South Korea Young-ee Cho The University of Montana Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Cho, Young-ee, "The Diaspora of Korean Children: A Cross-Cultural Study of the Educational Crisis in Contemporary South Korea" (2007). Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers. 1244. https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/1244 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at ScholarWorks at University of Montana. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at University of Montana. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE DIASPORA OF KOREAN CHILDREN: A CROSS-CULTURAL STUDY OF THE EDUCATIONAL CRISIS IN CONTEMPORARY SOUTH KOREA By Young-ee Cho B.A Economics / East Asian Languages and Cultures, Indiana University, 1986 M.B.A. International Marketing, Indiana University, 1988 Dissertation presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy The University of Montana Missoula, MT Summer 2007 Approved by: Dr. David A. Strobel, Dean Graduate School Dr. Roberta D. Evans, Chair School of Education Dr. C. LeRoy Anderson Dept of Sociology Dr. John C. Lundt Dept of Educational Leadership & Counseling Dr. William P. McCaw Dept of Educational Leadership & Counseling Dr. John C. -
Introduction
Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-02077-1 — The Cambridge History of China Edited by Albert E. Dien , Keith N. Knapp Excerpt More Information INTRODUCTION Periods of disunity in Chinese history do not usually receive the attention they deserve, yet it is just in those years of apparent disorder and even chaos that important developments, social, cultural, artistic, and even institutional, often find their earliest expression. The Six Dynasties period (220–589 ce) was just such a time of momentous changes in many aspects of the society. But it is precisely the confusing tumult and disorder of the political events of those four centuries that create the strongest impression. We find this perception mir- rored in the reaction of the put-upon Gao Laoshi, the middle-school school- master described by Lu Xun in one of his stories, who was so dejected when he had been assigned to teach a course on the Six Dynasties. All he remembered about the subject was how very confusing it was, a time of much warfare and turmoil; no doubt what would have come to his mind was the common saying wu Hu luan Hua 五胡亂華 “the Five Barbarians brought disorder to China.” He felt that he could do a creditable job with the great Han and Three Kingdoms that came before or the glorious Tang after it, but what could he say about those miserable years in between?1 The very nomenclature reflects its apparent disjointed nature. Yet it was that very disorder, a collapse of central authority, that provided the conditions enabling such important advances which make the Six Dynasties period such a significant one in Chinese history. -
Kaigai Shinwa/ New Stories from Overseas 1
Kaigai Shinwa/ New Stories from Overseas New Stories from Overseas Fūkō Mineta Translator’s Note When working on this English translation, I drew from two source texts: the original text from 1849 and Okuda Hisashi’s rendering into modern Japanese, published in 2009. I produced the first draft based on the modern Japanese version, and then went back over the original to make sure that the details and the feel were consistent. My overall guiding principle was to reproduce the tone of Japanese medieval epic war narratives like Taiheiki and Gempei jōsuiki that Mineta cites as his stylistic models in the preface. Kaigai Shinwa is a semi-historical text, based on actual events but leavened with embellishments and fabrications that Mineta hoped would appeal to a broad audience. Some of these flourishes must have been original, included for narrative effect, while others may have been reproductions of details from his Chinese source texts. Given that the historical interest of Kaigai Shinwa derives from it being an outsider’s view of a far-off war, of course I followed Mineta where he deviates from other accounts. There were, however, some cases where I felt it necessary to render mistaken names correctly or obscure names in a more familiar form (Mineta himself makes a similar editorial note, regarding incorrect dates in his sources that he adjusted; whether or not the dates he provides are in fact correct is a different matter). These instances are annotated at the end of the translation. It is also worth mentioning Mineta’s distinction between “Qing” and “China.” He tends to use Qing in reference to political and military entities, while China is used in a more essential way, designating race, culture, values, and a certain constant spirit of the commoners that is differentiated from the impermanent dynasties of the ruling class. -
Why Didn't China Have a Scientific Revolution Considering Its Early Scientific Accomplishments?
City University of New York (CUNY) CUNY Academic Works All Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects 9-2017 An Examination of the Needham Question: Why Didn't China Have a Scientific Revolution Considering Its Early Scientific Accomplishments? Rebecca L. Olerich The Graduate Center, City University of New York How does access to this work benefit ou?y Let us know! More information about this work at: https://academicworks.cuny.edu/gc_etds/2307 Discover additional works at: https://academicworks.cuny.edu This work is made publicly available by the City University of New York (CUNY). Contact: [email protected] AN EXAMINATION OF THE NEEDHAM QUESTION: WHY DIDN’T CHINA HAVE A SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION CONSIDERING ITS EARLY SCIENTIFIC ACCOMPLISHMENTS? BY REBECCA OLERICH A master’s thesis submitted to the Graduate Faculty in Liberal Studies in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Masters of Arts, The City University of New York 2017 © 2017 REBECCA OLERICH All Rights Reserved !ii AN EXAMINATION OF THE NEEDHAM QUESTION: WHY DIDN’T CHINA HAVE A SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION CONSIDERING ITS EARLY SCIENTIFIC ACCOMPLISHMENTS? BY REBECCA OLERICH This manuscript has been read and accepted for the Graduate Faculty in Liberal Studies in satisfaction of the requirement for the degree of Master of Arts. _______________________ ______________________ Date Joseph W. Dauben Thesis Advisor _______________________ ______________________ Date Elizabeth Macaulay-Lewis Executive Officer THE CITY UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK !iii ABSTRACT AN EXAMINATION OF THE NEEDHAM QUESTION: WHY DIDN’T CHINA HAVE A SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION CONSIDERING ITS EARLY SCIENTIFIC ACCOMPLISHMENTS? BY REBECCA OLERICH Advisor: Joseph W. -
Imagining Asia: a Genealogical Analysis
1 Imagining Asia: A Genealogical Analysis Wang Hui The Neo-liberal notion of globalization and the notion of “New Empire” that reemerged in the “war against terror” reciprocate with each other and have unveiled the dominating power concealed behind the changes in the contemporary world. The former, the notion of globalization, restructures various social traditions radically according to the Marketism principles of Neo-liberalism, such as legal system related with private property, that the state should withdraw from the economic sphere, transnational production, business, and financial systems. The latter, the notion of New Empire, seizes on the pretext of violence, crisis and social collapses triggered by the process of neo-liberal globalization to reconstruct military and political “New Empire.” The core of the “New Empire” concept is a control mechanism and function of violence that can operate world-wide. It relies on national or supranational political and military organizations, and hence differs from the neo-liberal notion of globalization. The globalization of Marketism cancels out the legitimacy of all political interference with the category of economy, and subsequently prevents the new order from relying on a certain center or centers of power, but the notion of “empire,” from the perspective of market unification and its institutional demand, evinces the inherent connection between the globalization process and a supranational political and military power centered on nation-states or unions of nation-states. However, it is these two apparently different notions that knit together military unions, collaborative economic associations, and international political institutions, setting up an overall order comprised of all levels--politics, economy, culture, and military. -
Cambridge University Press 978-1-108-47395-8 — Rome, China, and the Barbarians Randolph B
Cambridge University Press 978-1-108-47395-8 — Rome, China, and the Barbarians Randolph B. Ford Index More Information Index Abasgi, , – in ancient China, –, Achaeans, , in Greco-Roman and Chinese ethnography, Adrianople, , – Aeëtes, in the Jin shu, –, , , – Aelius Aristides, , , use of in the Wars and the Jin shu, –, Aeneas, , , , , Aeschylus, Ardabur, Aestii, Areobindus, , Africans, Arianism. See Christianity Agathias, , , –, –, , , Aristotle, , , , , – attitude toward Sasanian Persia of, – Arminius, – Agricola. See Tacitus Artabanes, Agricola, governor of Britain, , Aspar, , Airs, Waters, Places. See Hippocrates astrology, –, Alans, – in Chinese ethnography, – Alaric, , in Greco-Roman ethnography, – Alexander Severus, in the Jin shu, Amalafrida, , Athalaric, , –, , , – Amalasuintha, , –, , , , characterization of, –, education of, – characterization of, – Athaulf, –, Amazons, Athens, , Ammianus Marcellinus, –, , , , Atreus, Augustine, ethnography of Sasanian Persia of, – Augustus, , – Anastasius, emperor, , , Aulus Gellius, Anecdota/Secret History. See Procopius Aurelian, , Anicia Juliana, Aurelius Victor, – Antae, –, , Avars, ethnography of, Antaeus, Ba 巴, Antiphon, Babylonians, , Aphrodite, Ba-Di 巴氐, –, , , See Di 氐 Apotelesmatika/Tetrabiblos. See Ptolemy of Ban Biao 班彪, Alexandria Ban Gu 班固, , , , –, , , Arbogast, , , –, Arborychoi, Dongguan hanji 東觀漢記, Arcadians, – Han shu 漢書, , –, , –, archaizing ethnonyms. See Scythians, See Si Yi/ –, , , , Four Barbarians, See Germani, See hostility -
From Barbarians to the Middle Kingdom: the Rise of the Title “Emperor, Heavenly Qaghan” and Its Significance
From Barbarians to the Middle Kingdom: The Rise of the Title “Emperor, Heavenly Qaghan” and Its Significance Han-je Park* INTRODUCTION The entrance of the Five Barbarians wuhu( 五胡) people into the Central Plain of China is a historical event of great significance in the East, comparable in importance to the migration of Germanic tribes into the Roman Empire. The Five Barbarians became the main actors in the establishment of an array of dynasties throughout the periods of the Sixteen Kingdoms of Five Hu, the Northern Dynasties, and eventually the cosmopolitan empires of the Sui (隋) and the Tang (唐). With the passing of time, they lost their original culture and customs, and many came to lose their ethnonym. This phenomenon is described as their sinicization (hanhua 漢化), although there is also a contrary view that the Han (漢) people in China were barbaricized (huhua 胡化) and thus widened the range of Chinese culture. But, we may ask, do the terms “sinicization” and “barbaricization” adequately convey what really happened? Aside from arguments regarding sinicization or barbaricization, what role did the Five Barbarians actually play in the history of China? Were they indeed a people without a culture, who could therefore not bring anything novel to China itself,1 or were they a civilization with a sophisticated culture of their own? *Seoul National University (Seoul, Korea) Journal of Central Eurasian Studies, Volume 3 (October 2012): 23–68 © 2012 Center for Central Eurasian Studies 24 Han-je Park The Han and Tang empires are often joined together and referred to as the “empires of the Han and the Tang,” implying that these two dynasties have a great deal in common. -
Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-09434-5 — Empires and Exchanges in Eurasian Late Antiquity Edited by Nicola Di Cosmo , Michael Maas Index More Information
Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-09434-5 — Empires and Exchanges in Eurasian Late Antiquity Edited by Nicola Di Cosmo , Michael Maas Index More Information index Abu Mash‘ar, 242–7 Heraclius and, 33, 56 Kitab al-milal wa-I-duwal, 246 pearls and, 258 “Account of Weights and Prices Submitted to Roman/Byzantine loss of territory to, 421 the Kara-Khoja Palace Treasury,” 88 Yemen-Axum conflict and, 105 Achaemenids, 57, 59, 60 archaeology. See also elite self-representation Ackermann, Phyllis, 238 among Türks; specific sites Adrianople, battle of (378), 20–1, 277 Hunnic/Xiongnu cauldrons, 181–5 Ādur Gušnasp (Takht-e Solaymān, Iran), 66 Hunnic/Xiongnu identity and, 177, Aetius (Roman general), 277 179–81, 187 Afrasiyab murals, Samarkand, 263 migrations, evidence for, 180–1 Agathias, 30, 279, 328 northern migration topos and, 158 Ahriman, 236, 241 Sogdians, new archaeological evidence for, Akhshunwar (Hephthalite leader), 295, 296 89–91 Alans, 81 Ardashir I (Sasanian ruler), 59, 60, 61, 241, Alexander the Great, 11, 27, 63, 123–4, 126, 256, 287, 300 132, 278 Aristotle, On Interpretation, 209 Alexander’s Gate, legend of, 33–4 Armenia Alkhan Huns, 290 Ašxarhac‘oyc‘ (Description of the world), Along the Silk Road (modern drama), 89 132 Alopen (Christian missionary in Tang miniature of Adoration of the Magi, China), 217 Etschmiadsin Gospel, 263 Altheim, Franz, 190 pearls, value of, 261, 262, 263 “Ambassadors’ Painting,” 247–50 Arrian of Nicomedia, 123, 278 Ambrose of Milan, 20, 32 Arsacids, 56, 57, 66 Ammianus Marcellinus, 20, 28, 130–2, 259, Ashina -
Hakka Migration 1-5*
1 An Abstract of the Five Migrations of the Hakkas invasions of locusts. The non-Han Chinese tribes of the Turkic By Chung Yoon-Ngan Hakka Global Network Xiong Nu, the Jie, the Xian Bei, the Di and the Qiang took advantage of the anarchy and established themselves into political Overseas Hakkas claim that their ancestors have moved five and armed units. In 304 AD the Di founded a kingdom in the times. western part of the country, the Xiong Nu proclaimed the formation of a kingdom in south Shaaxi. The historians called this period 1. Their first migration was at the end of the Western Jin Dynasty “Wu Hu Luan Hua” The Invasion of the Five Barbarians. (265 AD to 317 AD). In 311 AD Liu Zong the chieftain of Xiong Nu seized Luo Yang, the capital of Jin and captured Emperor Hui who was later 2. The second migration took place in around 874AD just before executed. The 14 years old Si-Ma Ye, a nephew of Emperor Hui, the end of the Tang Dynasty (618 AD to 907 AD). was installed as Emperor Min in Chang An in Shaanxi by a relative. 3. The third migration was due to the conquest of the Mongols In 316 AD another leader of the Xion Nu tribe overran Chang An and the collapse of the Song Dynasty (960 AD to 1279 AD). and captured Emperor Min who was later killed by the conquerors. 4. The fourth migration of the Hakkas occurred between 1680 AD It was the end of the Jin Dynasty.