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Irrigation Feasibility Study Report

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Irrigation Feasibility Study Report Vegetable Production and Irrigated Agriculture Project (RRP MON 51423-002) Irrigation Feasibility Study Report Project Number: 51423-002 February 2020 Proposed Loans and Administration of Grant Mongolia: Vegetable Production and Irrigated Agriculture Project i Table of Contents I. PROJECT CONTEXT AND RATIONALE 1 A. Need for investment 1 B. Objective 2 C. Subproject Selection 2 II. IRRIGATION SUBPROJECT DESIGN 6 A. General Design Principles 6 B. Subproject 1 – Tsakhir Irrigation and Drainage System Design 36 C. Subproject 2 – Yolton Irrigation and Drainage System Design 58 D. Subproject 3 - Erdeneburen Irrigation and Drainage System Design 84 E. Subproject 4 – Boomiin Am Irrigation and Drainage System Design 111 F. Subproject 5 – Khoid Gol Design of Irrigation and Drainage System 128 G. Subproject 6 – Tsul-Ulaan Irrigation and Drainage System Design 157 H. Subproject 7 – Ulaandel Irrigation and Drainage System Design 181 I. Subproject 9 – Khuren Tal Irrigation and Drainage System Design 203 J. Subproject 10 – Nogoon Khashaa Irrigation and Drainage System Design 224 K. Subproject 12 – Iven Gol Irrigation and Drainage System Design 245 L. Subproject 13 – Okhindiin Tal Irrigation and Drainage System Design 268 M. Subproject 14 – Sugnugur Irrigation and Drainage System Design 284 N. Subproject 16 – Dulaanii Tal Irrigation and Drainage System Design 307 III. TOTAL INVESTMENT AND FINANCIAL PLAN 327 IV. IMPLEMENTATION AND OPERATING ARRANGEMENTS 328 A. Implementation Schedule 328 B. Operation and Maintenance of Irrigation Systems 328 C. Capacity Building 331 V. PROJECT OUTCOME AND IMPACTS 332 A. Project Monitoring 332 B. Social Impact Assessment 332 C. Environmental Impact Assessment 332 VI. CRITICAL RISKS 333 A. Extreme Climate 333 B. Alignment with Interests and Expectations of Farmers and Other Stakeholders 333 C. Water Quality Especially Salinization 333 D. Operations and Maintenance 334 ii List of Tables Table 1: List of Priority Irrigation Subprojects ............................................................................. 3 Table 2: Permitted Water Withdrawals as Percentage of the Long-Term Average Flow ............11 Table 3: Data Availability ...........................................................................................................12 Table 4: Normal Range of Major Ions in Irrigation Water ...........................................................13 Table 5: Water Quality Classification .........................................................................................14 Table 6: Crop Water Requirement Norm ...................................................................................17 Table 7: Indicative Values of Conveyance Efficiency for Adequately Maintained Canals ...........20 Table 8: Indicative Values of Field Application Efficiency ..........................................................20 Table 9: Number of Pump and Sprinklers, Drip in Command Area ............................................24 Table 9: Mean Monthly Climate Data for Tsakhir Irrigation Subproject ........................................39 Table 10: Soil Profile of Tsakhir Irrigation Subproject Area .......................................................44 Table 11: Zavkhan River Water Resources for Tsakhir Subproject ...........................................46 Table 12: Zavkhan River Percentage Change in Flow Due to Climate Change .........................46 Table 13. Current and Designed Command Area and irrigation method....................................48 Table 14: Irrigation Scheme Efficiency ......................................................................................49 Table 15: Irrigation Water Requirement for Tsakhir ...................................................................50 Table 16: Water Availability for Irrigation ...................................................................................50 Table 17: Design Discharge from the Zavkhan River ................................................................55 Table 18: Valves and Fittings for Tsakhir Subproject.................................................................57 Table 19. Bill of Quantities for Tsakhir Irrigation Scheme Modernization ...................................57 Table 20: Mean Monthly Climate Data for Yolton Subproject Area ..............................................61 Table 21: Soil Profile .................................................................................................................65 Table 22: Ust-Chatsran River - Control Discharge Measurement (2019.6.18) ...........................67 Table 23: Water Resources for the Ust Chatsrana at Yolton Subproject Area ...........................67 Table 24: Current and Planned Command Area ........................................................................69 Table 25: Irrigation Scheme Efficiency ......................................................................................69 Table 26: Irrigation Water Requirements for Yolton ...................................................................70 Table 27: Water Availability for Irrigation ...................................................................................70 Table 28: Flow and Pressure Details for Pressure Pipes ...........................................................74 Table 29: Available Water Discharge from the Ust-Chatsran River ...........................................80 Table 30: Flows and Pressure in System Pipes ........................................................................80 Table 31: Estimated Pipe, Valve and Filter Set Requirements ..................................................82 Table 32: Bill of Quantities for Yolton Irrigation Scheme Modernization.....................................83 Table 33: Mean Monthly Climate Data in the Erdeneburen Irrigation Subproject Area .................87 Table 34: Soil Profile of Erdeneburen Command Area ..............................................................92 Table 35: Water Resources in the Khovd River at Erdeneburen Irrigation Scheme ...................93 Table 36: Khovd River Flow Sensitivity to Climate Change .......................................................94 Table 37: Current and Planned Command Area ........................................................................97 Table 38: Scheme Irrigation Efficiency ......................................................................................98 Table 39: Irrigation Water Requirements for Erdeneburen ........................................................98 Table 40. Water Availability for Irrigation ...................................................................................98 Table 41: Irrigation Design Option ........................................................................................... 101 Table 42: Provisional Estimate for Annual Pumping Costs ...................................................... 104 Table 43: Design Discharge from Erdeneburen River ............................................................. 108 Table 44: Bill of Quantities for Erdeneburen Irrigation Scheme Modernization ........................ 110 Table 45: Mean Monthly Climate Data in the Boomiin Am Irrigation Subproject Area ................ 114 Table 46. Soil Profile of Boomiin Am Command Area ............................................................. 117 Table 47: Water Resources in the Bodonch River at Boomiin Am Irrigation Scheme .............. 118 Table 48: Current and Planned Command Area ...................................................................... 121 iii Table 49: Scheme Irrigation Efficiency .................................................................................... 122 Table 50: Irrigation Water Requirement for Boomiin Am Irrigation Scheme ............................. 122 Table 51. Water Availability for Irrigation ................................................................................. 122 Table 52: Irrigation Design Option ........................................................................................... 124 Table 53: Bill of Quantities for Boomiin Am Irrigation Scheme Modernization ......................... 127 Table 54: Mean Monthly Climate Data around Khoid Gol Irrigation Subproject ......................... 134 Table 55: Soil Profile of Khoid Gol Irrigation Subproject Area .................................................. 138 Table 56: Discharge Measurement Results, Khusheet River, Darvi Soum, 2019-6-19 ............ 139 Table 57: Water Resources of the Khusheet River at Khoid Gol Subproject Area ................... 140 Table 58: Current and Planned Command Area ...................................................................... 141 Table 59: Scheme Irrigation Efficiency .................................................................................... 141 Table 60: Irrigation Water Requirements for KhoidgoI ............................................................. 142 Table 61: Water Availability for Irrigation ................................................................................. 142 Table 62: Flow and Pressure Details for Pressure Pipes .......................................................... 147 Table 63: Design Discharge from the Khusheet River ............................................................. 153 Table 64: Proposed Valves and Fittings .................................................................................. 155 Table 65: Bill of Quantities for Khoid gol Irrigation Scheme Modernization .............................
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