Electoral Systems in Context: Italy
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Archivio della ricerca- Università di Roma La Sapienza Electoral Systems in Context: Italy Oxford Handbooks Online Electoral Systems in Context: Italy Gianluca Passarelli The Oxford Handbook of Electoral Systems Edited by Erik S. Herron, Robert J. Pekkanen, and Matthew S. Shugart Subject: Political Science, Public Administration, Comparative Politics Online Publication Date: Jan 2018 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190258658.013.35 Abstract and Keywords Italy stands out among advanced industrialized democracies because of its frequency of major electoral reforms. In the postwar period, Italy has experienced four major electoral systems: the proportional representation (PR) system of the First Republic (1948–1992), mixed-member majoritarian (MMM, 1993–2005), and two varieties of PR with majority bonus (2005–2015, 2015–). In addition, there have been many failed attempts at electoral reform through legislation or referendum. The frequency of electoral reform makes Italy an important case for investigating the causes and effects of electoral system change. However, the path to each change has been somewhat idiosyncratic: the major reform of 1993 came against the backdrop of revelations of massive corruption, while the 2005 reform can be understood as an attempt to engineer divided government by an incumbent coalition expecting losses in the next election. The effects of the electoral reforms have also not always been as expected. Keywords: Italy, electoral systems, electoral reform, governmental stability, party systems, preference votes, majority bonus Page 1 of 29 PRINTED FROM OXFORD HANDBOOKS ONLINE (www.oxfordhandbooks.com). (c) Oxford University Press, 2015.
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