27.4.2012

„modern “ - enhanced Neoteleostei

tetraodonts • More then 15.000 • Incredible diversity • Not established systematics

Deep sea fishes perches

Stenopterygii Bristle mouth Cyclothone sp.

• , Ateleopodiformes • Long independent evolution • Tropical – temperate deep sea fishes • , large mouth, (adipose fin) • Black (silvery)

Viperfish Chauliodus sp. Dragonfish Idiacanthus sp.

1 27.4.2012

Scopelomorpha Daggertooth Anotopterus pharao

• , , Lamprioformes, Polymixiiformes • Similar to salmoniform fishes • Adipose fin • 14 families 600 species • Deep sea

Lancetfish Alepisaurus sp. Lanternfish Myctophum sp.

Percopsiformes Sandroller Percopsis sp.

• 3 familes 9 species • small 5 –20 cm • freshwater habitats in North America

2 27.4.2012

Ophidiiformes Pearlfish Carapus sp.

• 3 families, 200 species • Seawater, freshwater and brakishwater, Deep‐ sea • Also in caves (blin d) • Eel‐like fishes

Cod fish-Gadus morhua Ordo: Gadiformes • 4 families, 500 species Family: Gadidae • Bottom‐oriented fish • Mainly marine, deep sea, continental shelf, fhfreshwaters

Burbot-Lota lota

Ordo:Gadiformes Merlucius merlucius Family:Gadidae

3 27.4.2012

Batrachoidiformes Lophiiformes

• tma • zima Ceratias holboelli • ohromný prostor

Ordo: Lophiiphormes Family: Ceratiidae ilici um

males

Mugiliformes Atheriniformes

4 27.4.2012

Beloniformes

Belone belone ordo Beloniformes

Cyprinodontiformes Poecilia sp.

Poecilidae Cyprinidontiformes

Stephanoberyciloformes Beryciloformes

5 27.4.2012

Zeiformes Synbranchyformes

Gasterosteiformes Gasterosteus aculeatus

Ordo: Gasterosteiformes-volnoostní Family: Gasteristeidae-koljuškovití

Hypocampus sp. Scorpaeniformes

Ordo:Gasterosteiformes Family:Syngnathidae

6 27.4.2012

Scorpion fish-Scorpaena scrofa Bullhead Cottus gobio

Ordo:Scorpaeniformes Family:Scorpaenidae Ordo:Scorpaeniformes Family:Cottidae

Perciforms () Perciformes

• double • front of dorsal fin rays with spines • ktenoid scales gas bladder is connected with the esophagus • largest of vertebrates (6900 species) • quarters of global fish catches number of families: for example , pearches,

European perch Perca fluviatilis Tuna sp.

Ordo:Perciformes Ordo:Perciformes-ostnoploutví Family: Percidae Family:Scombridae-Makrelovití

7 27.4.2012

Macrel Scomber scombrus

Lates niloticus – Nile perch in Lake Victoria Ordo:Perciformes Family:Scombridae

Sea bass (Dicen trarc hus lblabrax ) Sea bream (Sparus aurata ) ‐ Aquaculture

• Freshwater, brakish Cichlidae ‐ Nile tilapis water (Oreochromis nilotiscus) important apecies in aquaculture • America, Africa, Asia Pterophyllum altum • Interupt • One dorsal fin • Moth breedrs, • Cichlidae Symbiotic relation with anemone - Cichlids lives Amphiprion ocellaris , Pomacentridae

Gobids Pleuronectiformes • fresh and salt water tropics and subtropics • ventral fins are sucking discs • Climbers (Periophthalmus spp.) • without water lasts several days • Eyes on the surface ‐ see the land • mangroves

8 27.4.2012

Flat fishes Pleuronectiformes

• adult‐slim body without bilateral symmetry • from eggs to larva symmetrical • body gradually begins to move one eye to another, • the body flattens

video

Tetraodontiformes vermicularis

Ordo: - čtverzubci Family: - čtverzubcovití

9