27.4.2012 „modern fishes“ - enhanced Neoteleostei cods tetraodonts • More then 15.000 species • Incredible diversity • Not established systematics Deep sea fishes perches Stenopterygii Bristle mouth Cyclothone sp. • Stomiiformes, Ateleopodiformes • Long independent evolution • Tropical – temperate deep sea fishes • Photophores, large mouth, (adipose fin) • Black (silvery) Viperfish Chauliodus sp. Dragonfish Idiacanthus sp. 1 27.4.2012 Scopelomorpha Daggertooth Anotopterus pharao • Aulopiformes, Myctophiformes, Lamprioformes, Polymixiiformes • Similar to salmoniform fishes • Adipose fin • 14 families 600 species • Deep sea Lancetfish Alepisaurus sp. Lanternfish Myctophum sp. Percopsiformes Sandroller Percopsis sp. • 3 familes 9 species • small fish 5 –20 cm • freshwater habitats in North America 2 27.4.2012 Ophidiiformes Pearlfish Carapus sp. • 3 families, 200 species • Seawater, freshwater and brakishwater, Deep‐ sea • Also in caves (blin d) • Eel‐like fishes Cod fish-Gadus morhua Gadiformes Ordo: Gadiformes • 4 families, 500 species Family: Gadidae • Bottom‐oriented fish • Mainly marine, deep sea, continental shelf, fhfreshwaters Burbot-Lota lota Ordo:Gadiformes Merlucius merlucius Family:Gadidae 3 27.4.2012 Batrachoidiformes Lophiiformes • tma • zima Ceratias holboelli • ohromný prostor Ordo: Lophiiphormes Family: Ceratiidae ilici um males Mugiliformes Atheriniformes 4 27.4.2012 Beloniformes Belone belone ordo Beloniformes Cyprinodontiformes Poecilia sp. Poecilidae Cyprinidontiformes Stephanoberyciloformes Beryciloformes 5 27.4.2012 Zeiformes Synbranchyformes Gasterosteiformes Gasterosteus aculeatus Ordo: Gasterosteiformes-volnoostní Family: Gasteristeidae-koljuškovití Hypocampus sp. Scorpaeniformes Ordo:Gasterosteiformes Family:Syngnathidae 6 27.4.2012 Scorpion fish-Scorpaena scrofa Bullhead Cottus gobio Ordo:Scorpaeniformes Family:Scorpaenidae Ordo:Scorpaeniformes Family:Cottidae Perciforms (Perciformes) Perciformes • double dorsal fin • front of dorsal fin rays with spines • ktenoid scales gas bladder is connected with the esophagus • largest order of vertebrates (6900 species) • quarters of global fish catches number of families: for example Mackerels, pearches, cichlids European perch Perca fluviatilis Tuna Tuna sp. Ordo:Perciformes Ordo:Perciformes-ostnoploutví Family: Percidae Family:Scombridae-Makrelovití 7 27.4.2012 Macrel Scomber scombrus Lates niloticus – Nile perch in Lake Victoria Ordo:Perciformes Family:Scombridae Sea bass (Dicen trarc hus lblabrax ) Sea bream (Sparus aurata ) ‐ Aquaculture • Freshwater, brakish Cichlidae ‐ Nile tilapis water (Oreochromis nilotiscus) important apecies in aquaculture • America, Africa, Asia Pterophyllum altum • Interupt lateral line • One dorsal fin • Moth breedrs, • Cichlidae Symbiotic relation with anemone - Cichlids lives Amphiprion ocellaris , Pomacentridae Gobids Gobiidae Pleuronectiformes • fresh and salt water tropics and subtropics • ventral fins are sucking discs • Climbers (Periophthalmus spp.) • without water lasts several days • Eyes on the surface ‐ see the land • mangroves 8 27.4.2012 Flat fishes Pleuronectiformes • adult‐slim body without bilateral symmetry • from eggs to larva symmetrical • body gradually begins to move one eye to another, • the body flattens video Tetraodontiformes Takifugu vermicularis Ordo: Tetraodontiformes - čtverzubci Family: Tetraodontidae - čtverzubcovití 9.