Empirical Approaches to Military History
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Ballantine Books Aviation + War Paperbacks
BALLANTINE BOOKS AVIATION + WAR PAPERBACKS (Page counts, publication dates & book sizes are approximate) Pgs 48 Hours to Hammelburg (Charles Whiting) 201 1970 The 85 Days (R.W. Thompson) 220 1957 1918: The Last Act (Barrie Pitt) 333 1963 An Ace of the Eighth (Norman Fortier) 376 2003 The Aces Talk (Edward Sims) 303 1974 Admirals in Collision 144 1961 Air Spy: Photo Intelligence in WWII 190 1957 Aircraft Carrier 159 1954 Alamein and the Desert War 208 1968 American Aces (Edward Sims) 238 1959 Angles of Attack (Peter Hunt) 364 2002 The Atom Bomb Spies 292 1981 Battle of Britain: The Making of a Film 249 1969 The Battle of the Bulge 182 1957 The Battle of Cassino 235 1957 The Battle for Guadalcanal 320 1966 B The Battle for Leyte Gulf 190 1957 The Battle for the Rhine (R.W. Thompson) 205 1959 The Battle of Stalingrad (Vasili Chuikov) 384 1968 Behind Fascist Lines (Anna Starinov) 304 2001 Beyond Courage (Clay Blair) 181 1955 The Big E: The USS Enterprise (Edward Stafford) 512 1974 The Big Show (Pierre Clostermann) 224 1957 B The Black Sheep: VMF-214 (Bruce Gamble) 544 2003 Black Sheep One: Gregory Boyington (Bruce Gamble) 493 2003 Black Thursday (Martin Caidin) 288 1960 B The Blond Knight of Germany: Erich Hartmann 333 1971 Blood on the Shores (Viktor Leonov) 287 1994 Blood Warriors: America's Military Elite 368 2002 Boeing 707 (Martin Caidin) 213 1959 The Bomber Command 270 1974 Brazen Chariots (Robert Crisp) 190 1961 B The Bridge at Remagen 240 1957 The Canvas Falcons 397 1972 Carrier Combat 158 1967 Carrying the Fire (Michael Collins) 488 1975 B The Coast Watchers 240 1959 B Commando Extrordinary: Otto Skorzeny 180 1957 Company Commander (Charles MacDonald) 311 1961 B Count 5 and Die 152 1958 The Cuban Invasion 160 1962 Currahee! (Donald Burgett) 189 1968 The Dam Busters (Paul Brickhill) 185 1955 B The Danish Resistance 172 1957 The Day the Red Baron Died 331 1970 Death Traps 355 2003 Decision at St. -
Howard Grier on When Titans Clashed: How the Red Army
David Glantz, Jonathan House. When Titans Clashed: How the Red Army Stopped Hitler. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 1995. xiii + 414 pp. $29.95, cloth, ISBN 978-0-7006-0717-4. Reviewed by Howard D. Grier Published on H-German (April, 1996) David Glantz, America's foremost Soviet mili‐ grad in November 1942. Here the authors depict a tary historian, joins with Jonathan House, Asso‐ Red Army fghting two vicious foes -- the Nazi jug‐ ciate Professor of History at Gordon College in gernaut and Joseph Stalin himself. As German Georgia, to bring us an important and long-need‐ armies swept ever deeper into Soviet territory, ed study. When Titans Clashed: How the Red Stalin repeatedly refused to heed his military ad‐ Army Stopped Hitler demolishes several myths visers, usually with disastrous results. The third and clarifies dozens of unanswered questions. section deals with the turn of the tide from No‐ The book is divided into four sections. In the vember 1942 to December 1943. Glantz and House first part, the authors examine the Red Army from show how the Red Army effectively responded to 1918 to 1941, and set forth their thesis that the the Nazi threat as skilled commanders like Mar‐ Red Army did not achieve victory in the East sim‐ shal Georgi Zhukov, Marshal Aleksandr ply by copying German tactics. In fact, Blitzkrieg- Vasilevsky, and General Alexei Antonov planned style, mobile tactics had been devised and em‐ and executed effective offensive operations of ployed by Russian troops during the Russian Civil their own. Stalin began to show faith in his subor‐ War, decades prior to World War II. -
Conclusionconclusion 389 Conclusion
ConclusionConclusion 389 Conclusion The combat/military effectiveness of an army can be described as the capabil- ity of that institution to sustain itself in the battlefield against hostile forces and to inflict casualties on the opponent by adapting to changing conditions and adopting certain techniques. Combat effectiveness depends on several factors, like recruitment, the combat motivation/loyalty mechanism (an amal- gam of morale and discipline), tactical procedures, the training system, the hardware at the disposal of the military machine, the logistical infrastructure, etc. Let us evaluate these elements in the Indian Army, especially for the period between 1941 and 1945. First, let us analyze the combat contribution of the Indian Army. Winston Churchill and Orde Wingate both had a very low opinion of the Indian Army.1 How far their assessments hold water needs to be evaluated. British India cov- ered 1,630,000 square miles. As a point of comparison, the European part of the USSR extended over 2,110,000 square miles with another 6,460,000 square miles in Asia. In September 1939, Germany had a population of 80 million, the USSR 171 million, Italy 43 million2 and Japan 100 million.3 The Indian Army was not only the largest volunteer force but also the biggest colonial force. But its size pales in comparison with the armies raised by the first class powers during World War II. Malnourishment in the rural sector, political demands (the British could not dare to impose conscription in India for fear of adverse politi- cal repercussions) and imperial prejudice (the Martial Race theory) prevented massive expansion of the Indian Army. -
A War of Reputation and Pride
A War of reputation and pride - An examination of the memoirs of German generals after the Second World War. HIS 4090 Peter Jørgen Sager Fosse Department of Archaeology, Conservation and History University of Oslo Spring 2019 1 “For the great enemy of truth is very often not the lie -- deliberate, contrived and dishonest -- but the myth -- persistent, persuasive, and unrealistic.” – John F. Kennedy, 19621 1John F. Kennedy, Yale University Commencement Address, https://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/jfkyalecommencement.htm, [01.05.2019]. 2 Acknowledgments This master would not have been written without the help and support of my mother, father, friends and my better half, thank you all for your support. I would like to thank the University Library of Oslo and the British Library in London for providing me with abundant books and articles. I also want to give huge thanks to the Military Archive in Freiburg and their employees, who helped me find the relevant materials for this master. Finally, I would like to thank my supervisor at the University of Oslo, Professor Kim Christian Priemel, who has guided me through the entire writing process from Autumn 2017. Peter Jørgen Sager Fosse, Oslo, 01.05.2019 3 Contents: Introduction………………………………………………………………………...………... 7 Chapter 1, Theory and background………………………………………………..………17 1.1 German Military Tactics…………………………………………………..………. 17 1.1.1 Blitzkrieg, Kesselschlacht and Schwerpunkt…………………………………..……. 17 1.1.2 Examples from early campaigns……………………………………………..……… 20 1.2 The German attack on the USSR (1941)……………………………..…………… 24 1.2.1 ‘Vernichtungskrieg’, war of annihilation………………………………...………….. 24 1.2.2 Operation Barbarossa………………………………………………..……………… 28 1.2.3 Operation Typhoon…………………………………………………..………………. 35 1.2.4 The strategic situation, December 1941…………………………….………………. -
Two New Studies Challenge Received Opinions About How the Soviet
First Films of the Holocaust: Soviet Cinema and the Genocide of the Jews, 1938–1946, Jeremy Hicks (Pittsburgh, PA: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2012), iii + 300 pp., pbk. $28.95. The Phantom Holocaust: Soviet Cinema and Jewish Catastrophe,Olga Gershenson (New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 2013), ii + 276 pp., pbk. $29.25, electronic version available. Two new studies challenge received opinions about how the Soviet Union represented the persecution and mass murder of the Jews before, during, and after the “Great Patriotic War.” Many standard histories of World War II and its aftermath in the USSR—Alexander Werth’s classic Russia at War (1964), Amir Weiner’s Making Sense of War (2001), and Yitzhak Arad’s recent The Holocaust in the Soviet Union (2009) are representative examples—underscore the ambivalence, indeed, the outright hos- tility, of Soviet authorities toward singling out Jews as the Nazis’ particular targets. Candid reports or allusions to the slaughter did appear initially in official pronounce- ments and major news outlets, but they soon became infrequent and increasingly vague; Jewish victims were routinely described only as “peaceful Soviet citizens,” their ethnic identities suppressed. Accounts of the Nazis’ killing of Jews were relegated to small-circulation Yiddish newspapers such as Einikayt, sponsored by the Jewish Anti-Fascist Committee. The reasons for this suppression of terrible truths were complex. The Communists were, ostensibly, ideologically opposed to differentiating among civilian victims of different national groups, even as they ranked these groups according to their alleged contributions to the defense against the German onslaught.1 Given the extent of civilian deaths, they also feared alienating other ethnic communities. -
Subject Listing of Numbered Documents in M1934, OSS WASHINGTON SECRET INTELLIGENCE/SPECIAL FUNDS RECORDS, 1942-46
Subject Listing of Numbered Documents in M1934, OSS WASHINGTON SECRET INTELLIGENCE/SPECIAL FUNDS RECORDS, 1942-46 Roll # Doc # Subject Date To From 1 0000001 German Cable Company, D.A.T. 4/12/1945 State Dept.; London, American Maritime Delegation, Horta American Embassy, OSS; (Azores), (McNiece) Washington, OSS 1 0000002 Walter Husman & Fabrica de Produtos Alimonticios, "Cabega 5/29/1945 State Dept.; OSS Rio de Janeiro, American Embassy Branca of Sao Paolo 1 0000003 Contraband Currency & Smuggling of Wrist Watches at 5/17/1945 Washington, OSS Tangier, American Mission Tangier 1 0000004 Shipment & Movement of order for watches & Chronographs 3/5/1945 Pierce S.A., Switzerland Buenos Aires, American Embassy from Switzerland to Argentine & collateral sales extended to (Manufactures) & OSS (Vogt) other venues/regions (Washington) 1 0000005 Brueghel artwork painting in Stockholm 5/12/1945 Stockholm, British Legation; London, American Embassy London, American Embassy & OSS 1 0000006 Investigation of Matisse painting in possession of Andre Martin 5/17/1945 State Dept.; Paris, British London, American Embassy of Zurich Embassy, London, OSS, Washington, Treasury 1 0000007 Rubens painting, "St. Rochus," located in Stockholm 5/16/1945 State Dept.; Stockholm, British London, American Embassy Legation; London, Roberts Commission 1 0000007a Matisse painting held in Zurich by Andre Martin 5/3/1945 State Dept.; Paris, British London, American Embassy Embassy 1 0000007b Interview with Andre Martiro on Matisse painting obtained by 5/3/1945 Paris, British Embassy London, American Embassy Max Stocklin in Paris (vice Germans allegedly) 1 0000008 Account at Banco Lisboa & Acores in name of Max & 4/5/1945 State Dept.; Treasury; Lisbon, London, American Embassy (Peterson) Marguerite British Embassy 1 0000008a Funds transfer to Regerts in Oporto 3/21/1945 Neutral Trade Dept. -
The 1958 Good Offices Mission and Its Implications for French-American Relations Under the Fourth Republic
Portland State University PDXScholar Dissertations and Theses Dissertations and Theses 1970 The 1958 Good Offices Mission and Its Implications for French-American Relations Under the Fourth Republic Lorin James Anderson Portland State University Follow this and additional works at: https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds Part of the Diplomatic History Commons, European History Commons, and the United States History Commons Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Anderson, Lorin James, "The 1958 Good Offices Mission and Its Implications forr F ench-American Relations Under the Fourth Republic" (1970). Dissertations and Theses. Paper 1468. https://doi.org/10.15760/etd.1467 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of PDXScholar. Please contact us if we can make this document more accessible: [email protected]. AN ABSTRACT OF THE THBSIS Ol~ Lorin J'ames Anderson for the Master of Arts in History presented November 30, 1970. Title: The 1958 Good Offices Mission and its Implica tions for French-American Relations Under the Fourth Hepublic. APPROVED BY MEHllERS O~' THE THESIS CO.MNITTEE: Bernard Burke In both a general review of Franco-American re lations and in a more specific discussion of the Anglo American good offices mission to France in 1958, this thesis has attempted first, to analyze the foreign policies of France and the Uni.ted sta.tes which devel oped from the impact of the Second World Wa.r and, second, to describe Franco-American discord as primar ily a collision of foreign policy goals--or, even farther, as a basic collision in the national attitudes that shaped those goals--rather than as a result either of Communist harassment or of the clash of personalities. -
Not a Step Back by Leanne Crain
University of Hawai‘i at Hilo HOHONU 2016 Vol. 14 The beginning of the war in Russia came as a Not a Step Back surprise to the Soviet government, even though they Leanne Crain had been repeatedly warned by other countries that History 435 Nazi Germany was planning an attack on Russia, and nearly the entire first year of the German advance into Russia was met with disorganization and reactionary planning. Hitler, and indeed, most of the top military minds in Germany, had every right to feel confident in their troops. The Germans had swept across Europe, not meeting a single failure aside from the stubborn refusal of the British to cease any hostilities, and they had seen how the Soviets had failed spectacularly in their rushed invasion of Finland in the winter of 1939. The Germans had the utmost faith in their army and the success of their blitzkrieg strategy against their enemies further bolstered that faith as the Germans moved inexorably through the Ukraine and into Russian territory nearly uncontested. The Nazi-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact had kept Germany safe from any attack from Russia, “Such talk [of retreat] is lying and harmful, it weakens but Hitler had already planned for the eventuality of us and strengthens the enemy, because if there is no end invading Russia with Operation Barbarossa. Hitler was to the retreat, we will be left with no bread, no fuel, no convinced that the communist regime was on the verge metals, no raw materials, no enterprises, no factories, of collapse, and that the oppressed people under Stalin and no railways. -
German Defeat/Red Victory: Change and Continuity in Western and Russian Accounts of June-December 1941
University of Wollongong Research Online University of Wollongong Thesis Collection 2017+ University of Wollongong Thesis Collections 2018 German Defeat/Red Victory: Change and Continuity in Western and Russian Accounts of June-December 1941 David Sutton University of Wollongong Follow this and additional works at: https://ro.uow.edu.au/theses1 University of Wollongong Copyright Warning You may print or download ONE copy of this document for the purpose of your own research or study. The University does not authorise you to copy, communicate or otherwise make available electronically to any other person any copyright material contained on this site. You are reminded of the following: This work is copyright. Apart from any use permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, no part of this work may be reproduced by any process, nor may any other exclusive right be exercised, without the permission of the author. Copyright owners are entitled to take legal action against persons who infringe their copyright. A reproduction of material that is protected by copyright may be a copyright infringement. A court may impose penalties and award damages in relation to offences and infringements relating to copyright material. Higher penalties may apply, and higher damages may be awarded, for offences and infringements involving the conversion of material into digital or electronic form. Unless otherwise indicated, the views expressed in this thesis are those of the author and do not necessarily represent the views of the University of Wollongong. Recommended Citation Sutton, David, German Defeat/Red Victory: Change and Continuity in Western and Russian Accounts of June-December 1941, Doctor of Philosophy thesis, School of Humanities and Social Inquiry, University of Wollongong, 2018. -
Annual Liddell Hart Centre for Military Archives Lecture
King's College London Liddell Hart Centre for Military Archives Annual Liddell Hart Centre for Military Archives Lecture How the cold war froze the history of World War Two Professor David Reynolds, FBA given Tuesday, 15 November 2005 © 2005 Copyright in all or part of this text rests with David Reynolds, FBA, and save by prior consent of Professor David Reynolds, no part of parts of this text shall be reproduced in any form or by any means electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, now known or to be devised. ‘Anyone who delves deeply into the history of wars comes to realise that the difference between written history and historical truth is more marked in that field than in any other.’ Basil Liddell Hart struck this warning note at the beginning of a 1947 survey of historical literature about the Second World War. In fact, he felt that overall this writing was superior to the instant histories of the Great War a quarter-century or so earlier, mainly because ‘war correspondents were allowed more scope, and more inside information’ in 1939-45 than in 1914-18 and therefore presented a much less varnished portrait of warfare. Since their view was ‘better balanced’, he predicted ‘there is less likely to be such a violent swing from illusion to disillusion as took place in the decade after 1918.’ 1 Despite this generally positive assessment of the emerging historiography of the Second World War, Liddell Hart did note ‘some less favourable factors.’ Above all, he said, ‘there is no sign yet of any adequate contribution to history from the Russian side, which played so large a part’ in the struggle. -
NATO in the Beholder's Eye: Soviet Perceptions and Policies, 1949-1956
WOODROW WILSON INTERNATIONAL CENTER FOR SCHOLARS Christian Ostermann, Lee H. Hamilton, NATO in the Beholder’s Eye: Director Director Soviet Perceptions and Policies, 1949-56 BOARD OF ADVISORY TRUSTEES: COMMITTEE: Vojtech Mastny Joseph A. Cari, Jr., William Taubman Chairman (Amherst College) Steven Alan Bennett, Working Paper No. 35 Chairman Vice Chairman PUBLIC MEMBERS Michael Beschloss (Historian, Author) The Secretary of State Colin Powell; The Librarian of James H. Billington Congress (Librarian of Congress) James H. Billington; The Archivist of the United States Warren I. Cohen John W. Carlin; (University of Maryland- The Chairman of the Baltimore) National Endowment for the Humanities Bruce Cole; John Lewis Gaddis The Secretary of the (Yale University) Smithsonian Institution Lawrence M. Small; The Secretary of James Hershberg Education (The George Washington Roderick R. Paige; University) The Secretary of Health & Human Services Tommy G. Thompson; Samuel F. Wells, Jr. (Woodrow Wilson PRIVATE MEMBERS Washington, D.C. Center) Carol Cartwright, John H. Foster, March 2002 Sharon Wolchik Jean L. Hennessey, (The George Washington Daniel L. Lamaute, University) Doris O. Mausui, Thomas R. Reedy, Nancy M. Zirkin COLD WAR INTERNATIONAL HISTORY PROJECT THE COLD WAR INTERNATIONAL HISTORY PROJECT WORKING PAPER SERIES CHRISTIAN F. OSTERMANN, Series Editor This paper is one of a series of Working Papers published by the Cold War International History Project of the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars in Washington, D.C. Established in 1991 by a grant from the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation, the Cold War International History Project (CWIHP) disseminates new information and perspectives on the history of the Cold War as it emerges from previously inaccessible sources on “the other side” of the post-World War II superpower rivalry. -
Cossacks in the German Army
CASS SERIES ON POLITICS AND MILITARY AFFAIRS IN THE TWENTIETH CENTURY Series Editor MICHAEL I. HANDEL US. Naval War College, Newport, RI 1. Leon Trotsky and the Art of Insurrection 1905-1917 H.W. Nelson 2. The Nazi Party in Dissolution: Hitler and the Verbotzeii 1923-1925 David Jablonsky 3. War, Strategy and Intelligence Michael I. Handel 4. Cossacks in the German Army 1941-1945 Samuel J. Newland 5. Churchill, The Great Game and Total War David Jablonsky COSSACKS IN THE GERMAN ARMY 1941-1945 SAMUEL J. NEWLAND U.S. Army War College FRANK CASS First published 1991 in Great Britain by FRANK CASS AND COMPANY LIMITED Gainsborough House, 11 Gainsborough Road, London E ll IRS, England and in the United States of America by FRANK CASS c/o International Specialized Book Services, Inc. 5602 N £. Hassalo Street, Portland, Oregon 97213 Copyright О 1991 Samuel J. Newland British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Newland, Samuel J. Cossacks in the German army 1941-1945. 1. Germany. WchrmachL Foreign volunteers, 1939-1945 I. Title 940.54'0943 ISBN 0-7146-3351-8 Library of Congress Cataloguing-in-Publication Data Newland, Samuel J. Cossacks in the German army, 1941-1945 / Samuel J. Newland. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references. ISBN 0-7146-3351-8 1. Germany, Hccr—History—World War, 1939-1945. 2. Cossacks. 3. Military service. Voluntary—Germany. I. Title. D757.N484 1991 940.54*1343—dc20 89-25229 CIP All rights reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form, or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of Frank Cass and Company Limited.