Doe/Ea-1606 Environmental Assessment for The
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DOE/EA-1606 ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT FOR THE PROPOSED USE OF SAVANNAH RIVER SITE LANDS FOR MILITARY TRAINING December 2011 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY SAVANNAH RIVER OPERATIONS OFFICE SAVANNAH RIVER SITE DOE/EA-1606 ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT FOR THE PROPOSED USE OF SAVANNAH RIVER SITE LANDS FOR MILITARY TRAINING December 2011 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY SAVANNAH RIVER OPERATIONS OFFICE SAVANNAH RIVER SITE This page is intentionally left blank ii TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE 1.0 INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................1 1.1 Background ..................................................................................................1 1.2 Purpose and Need for Action .......................................................................3 1.3 Public Involvement ......................................................................................3 2.0 PROPOSED ACTION AND ALTERNATIVES ....................................................4 2.1 Proposed Action: Use of a Proposed Area of SRS for Non-Live-Fire Tactical Maneuver Training .........................................................................4 2.1.1 Non-Live-Fire Tactical Maneuver Training Activities ..................10 2.1.1.1 Reconnaissance and Surveillance Operations ..............10 2.1.1.2 Temporary Forward Arming and Refueling Point .......10 2.1.1.3 Refuel on the Move Operations ...................................11 2.1.1.4 Mobile Resupply Operation .........................................13 2.1.1.5 Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear Defense Operations ....................................................................13 2.1.1.6 Convoy Operations ......................................................13 2.1.1.7 Casualty Evacuation Operations ..................................13 2.1.1.8 Towed Field Artillery Operations ................................13 2.1.1.9 Tactical Operations Center ..........................................13 2.1.1.10 Forward Operating Base ..............................................14 2.1.1.11 Security Operations ......................................................17 2.1.1.12 Defensive Operations ...................................................17 2.1.1.13 Opposing Forces Operations ........................................17 2.1.1.14 Unit Maintenance Collection Points (UMCP) and Logistic Maintenance Collection Points (LMCP)........17 2.1.1.15 Tactical Offensive Operations .....................................17 2.1.1.16 Movement and Assembly of Troops ............................18 2.1.1.17 Tactical Assembly Area Operations ............................18 2.1.1.18 Urban/Facility Seizure Operations ...............................18 2.1.1.19 Air-Land Operations ....................................................18 2.1.1.20 Air-Water Operations ...................................................19 2.1.1.21 Airborne Operations .....................................................19 2.1.1.22 Air Support Operations ................................................20 2.1.1.23 Tactical Communication Operations ...........................20 2.1.1.24 Civil Support Team and Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, and Explosive Agents Enhanced Response Force Package Operations ...........................22 2.1.1.25 Water Purification Operations .....................................23 2.1.1.26 Helicopter Bucket Operations ......................................23 iii 2.2 ‘No Action’ Alternative .............................................................................24 2.3 Alternatives Considered but Eliminated from Review ..............................24 2.3.1 Alternative Action: Use of a Proposed Area of SRS for Non-Live- Fire Tactical Maneuver Training with Live Fire Tactical Training on Dedicated SRS Ranges. ............................................................24 2.3.2 Alternative Action: Use of Entire SRS for Non-Live-Fire Tactical Maneuver Training .........................................................................25 2.3.3 Drop Zone Alternative Site Analysis .............................................25 3.0 AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT .............................................................................25 3.1 Land Use ....................................................................................................26 3.1.1 Land Use on the Proposed Permanent FOB Sites ..........................29 3.1.2 Land Use on the Water Gap DZ Site .............................................29 3.1.3 Land Use in the Immediate Vicinities of D-Area and the 681-1G Pumphouse .....................................................................................29 3.2 Meteorology and Climatology ...................................................................29 3.3 Geology and Soils ......................................................................................29 3.3.1 Soils and Topography on the Proposed Permanent FOB Sites ......30 3.3.2 Soils and Topography on the Proposed Water Gap DZ Site .........30 3.4 Surface Hydrology .....................................................................................30 3.4.1 Surface Hydrology on the Proposed Permanent FOB Sites ...........31 3.4.2 Surface Hydrology on the Water Gap DZ Site ..............................31 3.4.3 Surface Hydrology in the Immediate Vicinities of D-Area and the 681-1G Pumphouse ........................................................................32 3.5 Air Quality .................................................................................................32 3.6 Ecological Resources .................................................................................32 3.6.1 Red-cockaded Woodpecker ...........................................................32 3.6.2 American Bald Eagle .....................................................................33 3.6.3 Aquatic Habitats .............................................................................33 3.6.4 Ecological Resources on the Alternative FOB Sites ......................36 3.6.5 Ecological Resources on the Water Gap DZ Site ..........................36 3.6.6 Ecological Resources in the Immediate Vicinities of D-Area and the 681-1G Pumphouse ..................................................................36 3.7 Archaeological, Cultural, and Historic Resources .....................................36 3.7.1 Archaeological, Cultural, and Historic Resources Within the Proposed Permanent FOB Sites .....................................................37 iv 3.7.2 Archaeological, Cultural and Historic Resources Within the Water Gap DZ Site ...................................................................................37 3.7.3 Archaeological, Cultural and Historic Resources Within D-Area and the Vicinity of the 681-1G Pumphouse ...................................37 3.8 SRS Noise Environment ............................................................................37 3.9 Site Infrastructure.......................................................................................38 3.10 Demographics and Socioeconomics ..........................................................38 3.11 Environmental Justice ................................................................................38 3.12 Air Space ....................................................................................................39 4.0 ENVIRONMENTAL CONSEQUENCES OF THE PROPOSED ACTION AND ALTERNATIVES..................................................................................................39 4.1 Training Activities .....................................................................................39 4.1.1 Air Quality .....................................................................................40 4.1.2 Wetlands and Streams ....................................................................40 4.1.3 Water Quality .................................................................................41 4.1.4 Terrestrial Productivity ..................................................................42 4.1.5 Wildlife ..........................................................................................43 4.1.6 Archeological, Historical, and Cultural Resources ........................43 4.1.7 SRS Infrastructure ..........................................................................44 4.1.8 Air Space ........................................................................................45 4.1.9 Noise ..............................................................................................46 4.1.10 Human Receptors ...........................................................................46 4.1.11 Socioeconomics .............................................................................47 4.1.12 Federally Listed Threatened and Endangered Species and American Bald Eagle .....................................................................47 4.1.12.1 Red-cockaded Woodpecker ...................................47 4.1.12.2 Wood Stork ............................................................48 4.1.12.3 Shortnose Sturgeon ................................................48 4.1.12.4 Pondberry and Smooth Purple Coneflower ...........49 4.1.12.5 American Bald Eagle .............................................49 4.1.13 Environmental Justice ....................................................................49 4.1.14 Greenhouse Gas Emissions ............................................................50 4.1.15 Human Health ................................................................................50