Template for 2005 IEEE AP-S International Symposium

32nd URSI GASS, Montreal, 19-26 August 2017 Increasing EMC Awareness in Mass Urban Transport Systems: Case study Metro Lisbon H.W.M. Smulders(1), P. Godinho Gonçalves(2) (1) Movares, Utrecht, The Netherlands, [email protected] (2) Infraestruturas de Portugal, Lisbon, Portugal, [email protected] Extended Abstract In the past Mass Urban Transport Systems like trams and metro were introduced in urban areas without paying much attention to EMC. However increasing sensitivity of victim systems, in combination with increased emission of the railway system on one hand, and increasing sensitivity of systems in the railway environment have led to some problems when commissioning systems. This has caused an increasing EMC awareness when designing Mass Transport Systems. A case study of EMC activities for Metro Lisbon will be presented. First the influence of the metro system on the environment, in this case the Technical University of Lisbon. An EM fingerprint of the metro system will be presented. Secondly the influence of a RADAR navigation system on human beings. Thirdly the influence of a High-Voltage Line on a section of the metro system where it is above the ground. Special attention was paid to signaling systems. As an extension of the Red Line from Alameda to Saldanha and S.Sebastião passes under the buildings of the Technical University of Lisbon, where sensitive equipment like electron microscopes is present, an EM fingerprint of the metro system was needed, therefore measurements where performed. Magnetic fields were measured in the range d.c. to 30 MHz and electrical fields in the range 10 Hz – 2 kHz and 30 MHz – 1 GHz. It could be proven that the EM fields at the surface where low enough not to cause any problems for normal equipment, quasi static d.c. magnetic fields proved to be a problem for electron microscopes. Shielding at the source was proven not be effective, but in some cases Helmholtz cages could be used. Nevertheless, it was deemed more economical to relocate the sensitive equipment. Metro Lisbon wanted to use a Doppler RADAR operating at 9,9 GHz for navigational purposes. This however was causing concern amongst especially drivers. In order to determine whether a safe situation exist measurements and simulations were performed. As measurements in an anechoic chambers were not practical, a dead end tunnel was used. The amount of information available on the antenna is limited, therefore only limited modeling was possible. The antenna pattern measured compares well to the simulated one, differences are less than 6 dB. It could be proven that the EM fields at the location of the driver are well within the limits as given by ICNIRP. Therefore the system could be put in use. The extension of the Yellow Line between the station Senhor Roubado and Odivelas is passing over a valley on a viaduct. Parallel to and crossing over the viaduct at short distances is a 220 kV High-Voltage Line. Main issues of concern were Safety of human beings in stations, of human beings in metro cars passing under the High-Voltage line, of signaling equipment present on the viaduct, of telecommunication equipment and possible interference at the train detection layer (track circuits). Already in the early project stages measures were introduced, such as strict procurement specifications, earthing measures in the civil structure and the application of a small mesh Faraday cage. After realization of the viaduct, measurements of EM fields, induced currents and simulations were performed. It could be proven that the measures implemented guaranteed a safe EM environment for both human beings, as well as for electro technical systems. Main conclusion is that a peaceful EM coexistence between Mass Urban Transport Systems and the outside world is possible. This situation can be reached without excessive extra costs, provided that adequate attention is paid to EMC not only throughout the entire project, but especially at the early project stages. REFERENCES 1. EN 50121-4, Railway applications, Electromagnetic compatibility – Part 4, 2016. 2. EN 50122-1, Railway applications – Fixed installations – Part 1, 2011. 3. Smulders, H.W.M., et al, “Introduction of Mass Transport Systems, LF EMC Aspects”, WCRR 2017 4. Williams, Tim, “EMC for product designers”, third edition, 2001, Newness, Oxford, United Kingdom. 5. EN 50121-2, Railway applications, Electromagnetic compatibility – Part 2, 2017. 6. ICNIRP (World Health Organization), “Guidelines for limiting exposure to time-varying E, H, and EM fields” 7. Goedbloed, J.J. “Electromagnetic Compatibly”, 1st edition., 1990, Kluwer, Deventer, The Netherlands .

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