Rare, Threatened and Endangered Species and Communities Tracked
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Guide to the Flora of the Carolinas, Virginia, and Georgia, Working Draft of 17 March 2004 -- LILIACEAE
Guide to the Flora of the Carolinas, Virginia, and Georgia, Working Draft of 17 March 2004 -- LILIACEAE LILIACEAE de Jussieu 1789 (Lily Family) (also see AGAVACEAE, ALLIACEAE, ALSTROEMERIACEAE, AMARYLLIDACEAE, ASPARAGACEAE, COLCHICACEAE, HEMEROCALLIDACEAE, HOSTACEAE, HYACINTHACEAE, HYPOXIDACEAE, MELANTHIACEAE, NARTHECIACEAE, RUSCACEAE, SMILACACEAE, THEMIDACEAE, TOFIELDIACEAE) As here interpreted narrowly, the Liliaceae constitutes about 11 genera and 550 species, of the Northern Hemisphere. There has been much recent investigation and re-interpretation of evidence regarding the upper-level taxonomy of the Liliales, with strong suggestions that the broad Liliaceae recognized by Cronquist (1981) is artificial and polyphyletic. Cronquist (1993) himself concurs, at least to a degree: "we still await a comprehensive reorganization of the lilies into several families more comparable to other recognized families of angiosperms." Dahlgren & Clifford (1982) and Dahlgren, Clifford, & Yeo (1985) synthesized an early phase in the modern revolution of monocot taxonomy. Since then, additional research, especially molecular (Duvall et al. 1993, Chase et al. 1993, Bogler & Simpson 1995, and many others), has strongly validated the general lines (and many details) of Dahlgren's arrangement. The most recent synthesis (Kubitzki 1998a) is followed as the basis for familial and generic taxonomy of the lilies and their relatives (see summary below). References: Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (1998, 2003); Tamura in Kubitzki (1998a). Our “liliaceous” genera (members of orders placed in the Lilianae) are therefore divided as shown below, largely following Kubitzki (1998a) and some more recent molecular analyses. ALISMATALES TOFIELDIACEAE: Pleea, Tofieldia. LILIALES ALSTROEMERIACEAE: Alstroemeria COLCHICACEAE: Colchicum, Uvularia. LILIACEAE: Clintonia, Erythronium, Lilium, Medeola, Prosartes, Streptopus, Tricyrtis, Tulipa. MELANTHIACEAE: Amianthium, Anticlea, Chamaelirium, Helonias, Melanthium, Schoenocaulon, Stenanthium, Veratrum, Toxicoscordion, Trillium, Xerophyllum, Zigadenus. -
The Natural Communities of South Carolina
THE NATURAL COMMUNITIES OF SOUTH CAROLINA BY JOHN B. NELSON SOUTH CAROLINA WILDLIFE & MARINE RESOURCES DEPARTMENT FEBRUARY 1986 INTRODUCTION The maintenance of an accurate inventory of a region's natural resources must involve a system for classifying its natural communities. These communities themselves represent identifiable units which, like individual plant and animal species of concern, contribute to the overall natural diversity characterizing a given region. This classification has developed from a need to define more accurately the range of natural habitats within South Carolina. From the standpoint of the South Carolina Nongame and Heritage Trust Program, the conceptual range of natural diversity in the state does indeed depend on knowledge of individual community types. Additionally, it is recognized that the various plant and animal species of concern (which make up a significant remainder of our state's natural diversity) are often restricted to single natural communities or to a number of separate, related ones. In some cases, the occurrence of a given natural community allows us to predict, with some confidence, the presence of specialized or endemic resident species. It follows that a reasonable and convenient method of handling the diversity of species within South Carolina is through the concept of these species as residents of a range of natural communities. Ideally, a nationwide classification system could be developed and then used by all the states. Since adjacent states usually share a number of community types, and yet may each harbor some that are unique, any classification scheme on a national scale would be forced to recognize the variation in a given community from state to state (or region to region) and at the same time to maintain unique communities as distinctive. -
FERC Project No. 13102-003
FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT FOR HYDROPOWER LICENSE Demopolis Lock and Dam Hydroelectric Project FERC Project No. 13102-003 Alabama Federal Energy Regulatory Commission Office of Energy Projects Division of Hydropower Licensing 888 First Street, NE Washington, D.C. 20426 July 2018 TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF FIGURES ............................................................................................................ iv LIST OF TABLES............................................................................................................ viii ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS............................................................................ x EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................... xii 1.0 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Application .................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Purpose of Action and Need For Power ........................................................ 1 1.2.1 Purpose of Action ............................................................................ 1 1.2.2 Need for Power ................................................................................ 2 1.3 Statutory and Regulatory Requirements ....................................................... 4 1.3.1 Federal Power Act ........................................................................... 4 1.3.2 Clean Water Act ............................................................................. -
Bioactive Steroids and Saponins of the Genus Trillium
molecules Review Bioactive Steroids and Saponins of the Genus Trillium Shafiq Ur Rahman 1,*, Muhammad Ismail 2, Muhammad Khurram 1, Irfan Ullah 3, Fazle Rabbi 2 and Marcello Iriti 4,* ID 1 Department of Pharmacy, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University, Sheringal, Dir 18000, Pakistan; [email protected] 2 Department of Pharmacy, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan; [email protected] (M.I.); [email protected] (F.R.) 3 Department of Pharmacy, Sarhad University of Science and Information Technology, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan; [email protected] 4 Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Milan State University, 20133 Milan, Italy * Correspondence: shafi[email protected] (S.U.R.); [email protected] (M.I.); Tel.: +92-334-930-9550 (S.U.R.); +39-025-031-6766 (M.I.) Received: 17 October 2017; Accepted: 1 December 2017; Published: 5 December 2017 Abstract: The species of the genus Trillium (Melanthiaceae alt. Trilliaceae) include perennial herbs with characteristic rhizomes mainly distributed in Asia and North America. Steroids and saponins are the main classes of phytochemicals present in these plants. This review summarizes and discusses the current knowledge on their chemistry, as well as the in vitro and in vivo studies carried out on the extracts, fractions and isolated pure compounds from the different species belonging to this genus, focusing on core biological properties, i.e., cytotoxic, antifungal and anti-inflammatory activities. Keywords: bioactive phytochemicals; cytotoxic activity; anti-inflammatory activity; analgesic activity; antifungal activity 1. Introduction Natural products obtained from plants have played remarkable role in drug discovery and improvement of health care system [1–6]. -
Native Vascular Plants
!Yt q12'5 3. /3<L....:::5_____ ,--- _____ Y)Q.'f MUSEUM BULLETIN NO.4 -------------- Copy I NATIVE VASCULAR PLANTS Endangered, Threatened, Or Otherwise In Jeopardy In South Carolina By Douglas A. Rayner, Chairman And Other Members Of The South Carolina Advisory Committee On Endangered, Threatened And Rare Plants SOUTH CAROLINA MUSEUM COMMISSION S. C. STATE LIR7~'· '?Y rAPR 1 1 1995 STATE DOCU~ 41 ;::,·. l s NATIVE VASCULAR PLANTS ENDANGERED, THREATENED, OR OTHERWISE IN JEOPARDY IN SOUTH CAROLINA by Douglas A. Rayner, Chairman and other members of the South Carolina Advisory Committee on Endangered, Threatened, and Rare Plants March, 1979 Current membership of the S. C. Committee on Endangered, Threatened, and Rare Plants Subcommittee on Criteria: Ross C. Clark, Chairman (1977); Erskine College (taxonomy and ecology) Steven M. Jones, Clemson University (forest ecology) Richard D. Porcher, The Citadel (taxonomy) Douglas A. Rayner, S.C. Wildlife Department (taxonomy and ecology) Subcommittee on Listings: C. Leland Rodgers, Chairman (1977 listings); Furman University (taxonomy and ecology) Wade T. Batson, University of South Carolina, Columbia (taxonomy and ecology) Ross C. Clark, Erskine College (taxonomy and ecology) John E. Fairey, III, Clemson University (taxonomy) Joseph N. Pinson, Jr., University of South Carolina, Coastal Carolina College (taxonomy) Robert W. Powell, Jr., Converse College (taxonomy) Douglas A Rayner, Chairman (1979 listings) S. C. Wildlife Department (taxonomy and ecology) INTRODUCTION South Carolina's first list of rare vascular plants was produced as part of the 1976 S.C. En dangered Species Symposium by the S. C. Advisory Committee on Endangered, Threatened and Rare Plants, 1977. The Symposium was a joint effort of The Citadel's Department of Biology and the S. -
Alabama Inventory List
Alabama Inventory List The Rare, Threatened, & Endangered Plants & Animals of Alabama June 2004 Table of Contents INTRODUCTION .....................................................................................................................................................................1 DEFINITION OF HERITAGE RANKS .................................................................................................................................3 DEFINITIONS OF FEDERAL & STATE LISTED SPECIES STATUS.............................................................................5 AMPHIBIANS............................................................................................................................................................................6 BIRDS .........................................................................................................................................................................................7 MAMMALS...............................................................................................................................................................................10 FISHES.....................................................................................................................................................................................12 REPTILES ................................................................................................................................................................................16 CLAMS & MUSSELS ..............................................................................................................................................................18 -
Early Trilliums and Trout Lilies
Volume 93 Number 3 May 2018 Georgia Botanical Society IN THIS Early Trilliums and Trout Lilies ISSUE: By Charles Hunter President’s On Saturday morning February 17, nice weather welcomed a group of 19 who joined Perspective Dan Miller at his home in northern Tallahassee, Florida. The majority of attendees were - P2 Georgia Bot Soccers, including several of us from north Georgia, trying to get a jump on spring. Ellen Honeycutt from Cherokee County got the long distance award. Annual Meeting We spent the morning touring Dan’s 7-acre property on (appropriately named) Trillium - P6 Court. This property, just north of Interstate 10, is located within a remnant beech- magnolia old growth forest that is now surrounded on three sides by residential and Scull Shoals suburban development. We were here to see his huge native population of one of the - P7 earliest of all the North American trillium species, Underwood’s trillium (Trillium underwoodii), which did not disappoint. Timing was perfect and blooming trillium were Upcoming growing everywhere on the property, even popping up next to the house. They grow here in such abundance that you had to be careful walking on the woodland paths to Field Trips - avoid stepping on them. We encountered several “freaks” with four leaves and even six P8 leaves. I have seen this species at several locations in north Florida and southwestern Georgia, but Dan’s largest ones are bigger than any I had seen elsewhere. Continued on page 4 Dan Miller (left) meets Bot Soccers at his home Photo: Charles Hunter 2 BotSoc News, May 2018 President’s Perspective I spent the last weekend visiting bogs in South Georgia as part of Tom Patrick’s field trips. -
Scientific Name Common Name USESA Designation State
Rare, Threatened, and Endangered Species and Communities Known to Occur in South Carolina June 11, 2014 Scientific Name Common Name USESA Designation State Protection Global Rank State Rank Vertebrate Animals Accipiter cooperii Cooper's Hawk G5 S3? Acipenser brevirostrum Shortnose Sturgeon LE: Endangered SE: Endangered G3 S3 Acris crepitans Northern Cricket Frog G5 S5 Aimophila aestivalis Bachman's Sparrow G3 S3 Ambystoma cingulatum Flatwoods Salamander LT: Threatened SE: Endangered G2 S1 Ambystoma tigrinum tigrinum Eastern Tiger Salamander G5 S2S3 Aneides aeneus Green Salamander G3G4 S1 Apalone ferox Florida Softshell G5 SNR Caretta caretta Loggerhead LT: Threatened ST: Threatened G3 S3 Charadrius wilsonia Wilson's Plover ST: Threatened G5 S3? Clemmys guttata Spotted Turtle ST: Threatened G5 S5 Condylura cristata Star-nosed Mole G5 S3? Corynorhinus rafinesquii Rafinesque's Big-eared Bat SE: Endangered G3G4 S2? Crotalus adamanteus Eastern Diamondback Rattlesnake G4 S3 Crotalus horridus Timber Rattlesnake G4 SNR Cryptobranchus alleganiensis Hellbender G3G4 SNR Dendroica virens Black-throated Green Warbler G5 S4 Desmognathus aeneus Seepage Salamander G3G4 SNR Desmognathus marmoratus Shovelnose Salamander G4 S2 Egretta caerulea Little Blue Heron G5 SNRB,SNRN Elanoides forficatus American Swallow-tailed Kite SC: Sp. of Concern SE: Endangered G5 S2 Elassoma boehlkei Carolina Pygmy Sunfish SC: Sp. of Concern ST: Threatened G2 S1 Elassoma okatie Bluebarred Pygmy Sunfish G2G3 SNR Etheostoma brevispinum Carolina Fantail Darter G4 S1 Etheostoma -
Edgewood Gardens Trillium List Fall 2018
Edgewood Gardens Trillium List Fall 2018 This list includes Edgewood Garden’s trilliums available for sale. Quantities are extremely limited. Please email your orders to [email protected]. Payment by check or PayPal is preferred. Plants are all flowering size. Trillium ‘delicatum’ – ex Houston County, Georgia. Originally identified as Trillium decumbens but clearly not. In leaf it looks just like a small decumbens; flowers are nothing like decumbens and smell of horse manure. DNA sequencing shows it most closely related to Trillium stamineum. A new and unique species which will be formally published in January 2019. $75 each. Trillium lancifolium ex Gadsden County, Florida. Very delicate plants, flowers vary from yellow to maroon with some bicolors. Some plants have strong silver marked leaves. $30 each. Trillium cuneatum ex Rabun County, Georgia. Raised from seeds collected at over 3500 feet elevation, these plants have the most amazing purple pigmentation in the leaves when they unfurl. See my web site for images. Many plants also have acid yellow flowers. $75 each. Trillium discolor – ex Abbeville County, South Carolina. These forms have ghostly pale-yellow flowers. $30 each. Trillium discolor – ex Jackson County, North Carolina. These forms have deeper yellow flowers, sometimes with a red or green flare at the petal bases. $35 each. Trillium ‘freemanii’ – ex Marion County, Tennessee. Flower colors vary from yellow through green to maroon. $30 each. Trillium ‘freemanii’ - ex Dade County, Georgia. Flower colors vary from green to maroon, including bicolors. $30 each. Trillium ‘freemanii’ - ex Elbert County, Georgia. Flower colors vary from yellow through green to maroon. -
Georgia's Natural Communities and Associated Rare Plant and Animal Species: Thumbnail Accounts
Georgia's Natural Communities and Associated Rare Plant and Animal Species: Thumbnail Accounts Written by Linda Chafin and based on "Guide to the Natural Communities of Georgia," by Leslie Edwards, Jon Ambrose, and Katherine Kirkman, 2013, University of Georgia Press. Version of 2011 Georgia Nongame Conservation Section Wildlife Resources Division Georgia Department of Natural Resources CONTENTS BLUE RIDGE ECOREGION Upland Forests of the Blue Ridge Blue Ridge northern hardwood and boulderfield forests Blue Ridge montane oak forests Blue Ridge cove forests–fertile variant Blue Ridge cove forests–acidic variant Blue Ridge low to mid-elevation oak forests Blue Ridge pine-oak woodlands Blue Ridge ultramafic barrens and woodlands Glades, Barrens, and Rock Outcrops of the Blue Ridge Ecoregion Blue Ridge rocky summits Blue Ridge cliffs Blue Ridge mafic domes, glades, and barrens Wetlands of the Blue Ridge Ecoregion Blue Ridge mountain bogs Blue Ridge seepage wetlands Blue Ridge spray cliffs Blue Ridge floodplains and bottomlands Aquatic Environments of the Blue Ridge Ecoregion Blue Ridge springs, spring runs, and seeps Blue Ridge small streams Blue Ridge medium to large rivers CUMBERLAND PLATEAU AND RIDGE & VALLEY ECOREGIONS Upland Forests of the Cumberland Plateau and Ridge & Valley Ecoregions Cumberland Plateau and Ridge & Valley mesic forests Cumberland Plateau and Ridge & Valley dry calcareous forests Cumberland Plateau and Ridge & Valley dry oak - pine - hickory forests Cumberland Plateau and Ridge & Valley pine - oak woodlands and forests -
The Journal of the the Wateree Trillium
The Journal of the South Carolina Native Plant Society Summer 2010 In this issue The Wateree Trillium ...... 1 President’s Perspective .... 2 Rescuing in Woodlands .... 3 SCNPS Rescues ............. 3 Spring Seed Collection ...... 6 Epiphytic Plants in SC ....10 News and Events ...........12 Name That Native Plant! I am a native cool-season annual grass. The “umbrella” in M. fraseri. Photo courtesy of Chris Evans, University of Georgia. You may not realize it to look at me, but I was once an important food source A colony of T. oostingii in May on the banks of the Wateree River. for humans. Seeds of my ancestors may Photo courtesy of the author be found in archaeological digs around ancient campfire sites, and I played a part in early development of agricul- The Wateree Trillium ture in the area east of the Mississippi a New Sessile-Flowered Trillium from Kershaw River. My lifestyle may be a little more relaxed these and Richland Counties, South Carolina days, and By L. L. Gaddy you may not have noticed Terra Incognita, Inc. - environmental consulting, research, and exploration me loung- In the spring of 2002, I was walking along Big Pine Tree Creek in Kershaw ing around County, South Carolina, on the lookout for interesting spring wildflowers, in regularly when I noticed the tendrils of Canada moonseed (Menispermum canadense) disturbed sites. climbing on a black walnut tree. Knowing that both of these species are good I’m just as indicators of rich soils, I carefully scanned the understory for what it might good as I was yield. -
Closing the Gaps in Florida's Wildlife Habitat
CLOSING THE GAPS IN FLORIDA’S WILDLIFE HABITAT CONSERVATION SYSTEM Recommendations to meet minimum conservation goals for declining wildlife species and rare plant and animal communities. James Cox, Randy Kautz, Maureen MacLaughlin, and Terry Gilbert Office of Environmental Services Florida Game and Fresh Water Fish Commission 620 South Meridian Street Tallahassee, Florida 32399-1600 1994 CLOSING THE GAPS IN FLORIDA’S WILDLIFE HABITAT CONSERVATION SYSTEM Recommendations to meet minimum conservation goals for declining wildlife species and rare plant and animal communities. James Cox, Randy Kautz, Maureen MacLaughlin, and Terry Gilbert Office of Environmental Services Florida Game and Fresh Water Fish Commission 620 South Meridian Street Tallahassee, Florida 32399-1600 1994 CLOSING THE GAPS IN FLORIDA’S WILDLIFE HABITAT CONSERVATION SYSTEM i FOREWORD will diminish greatly. Just as we now blame past generations for the extinction of the passenger pigeon, Carolina parakeet, When Spanish anchors first dropped into Florida waters and ivory-billed woodpecker, future Floridians will ultimately nearly 500 years ago, Florida was essentially one large nature hold our generation responsible for the manner in which preserve that also supported a population of about 1,000,000 we conserve the species and natural resources that we inherit- native Americans. Wildlife at this time roamed freely across ed. Perhaps the greatest insult we could ever bear would be 35 million acres in search of food, shelter, and water, while to document the problems that threaten some of Florida’s individual human settlements covered less area than most rarest plants and animals, propose solutions to these modern-day parking lots (and certainly occurred with less problems, and then fail to act with proper speed and resolve.