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Serviceability of Passenger Trains During Acquisition Projects

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Serviceability of Passenger Trains During Acquisition Projects SERVICEABILITY OF PASSENGER TRAINS DURING ACQUISITION PROJECTS Jorge Eduardo Parada Puig SERVICEABILITY OF PASSENGER TRAINS DURING ACQUISITION PROJECTS DISSERTATION to obtain the degree of doctor at the University of Twente, on the authority of the rector magnificus, Prof. Dr. H. Brinksma, on account of the decision of the graduation committee, to be publicly defended on Wednesday the th of June at : by Jorge Eduardo Parada Puig born on the th of September in Mérida, Venezuela. This dissertation has been approved by the Supervisor: Prof.Dr.Ir. L.A.M. van Dongen and the Co-Supervisors: Dr.Ir. S. Hoekstra Dr.Ir. R.J.I. Basten SERVICEABILITY OF PASSENGER TRAINS DURING ACQUISITION PROJECTS Jorge Eduardo Parada Puig Dissertation Committee Chairman / Secretary Prof.dr. G.P.M.R. Dewulf Supervisor Prof.dr.ir. L.A.M. van Dongen Co-Supervisors Dr.ir. S. Hoekstra Dr.ir. R.J.I. Basten Members Prof.dr.ir. T. Tinga (UT, CTW) Prof.dr.ir. F.J.A.M. van Houten (UT, CTW) Prof.dr.ir. C. Witteveen (TU Delft, EWI) Prof.dr.ir. G.J.J.A.N. Jan van Houtum (TU/e, IEIS) Prof.dr.ir. D. Gerhard (TU Wien, MWB) This research is part of the “Rolling Stock Life Cycle Logistics” applied research and development program, funded by NS/NedTrain. Publisher: J.E. Parada Puig, Design Production and Management, University of Twente, P.O. Box , AE Enschede, The Netherlands Cover by J.E. Parada Puig The image of the front cover is a graphical representation of the indenture struc- ture of a train, and its optimal line replaceable unit definitions. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted for commercial purposes, in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and recording, or by any information storage or retrieval system, except as ex- pressly permitted by the publisher. Copyright ©. All rights reserved. ISBN: ---- DOI: ./. Acknowledgements Several years have passed since the beginning of this project. It has been awesome! I have many people to thank for that, so here goes. I thank my supervisor Leo van Dongen for supporting my research, for his sincere and valuable guidance, and for helping me understand the railways business. I also thank both of my co-supervisors Rob Basten and Sipke Hoekstra. Rob took the time and effort to introduce me to his research field. Sipke has always been patient, listening and supporting my research since I began in . I believe that together we struck a nice balance of insights from practice and theory. I thank Fred van Houten for making this project possible, and for being open to discuss my research. I thank NedTrain for funding my PhD research. This project would not have been possible without the support of Bob Huisman. The R&D program at NedTrain is indebted to his insights and ideas. At NedTrain, Maintenance Development became a singular research group that exemplifies how academia and industry can work together. My gratitude goes out to Joachim, Michel, Denise and Simon, and to the many master students that cared to share their time with us. I thank Pauline, Margot and Jack for always making the time at the NedTrain office a welcoming experience. Also, I thank the experts from NedTrain and NSR for the wealth of knowledge that they shared with me. They gave me their time, their attention, and kindly answered all of my endless questions. Their invaluable help, and the insights they shared, have made me a better professional and a more curious researcher. I especially thank Ton, Ger, William, Bart, Rutger, Kees, Maurice, Cock, Falco, Robin, Peter, Wilbert, Marten, Ruud, Stan, Klaas, Sander, Berend, Bas, Joost, Marielle, Willem, Arno, Louis and Brigitte. The experts from Thales also provided many insights for developing Chapter . Many fruitful discussions and meetings helped to better understand the LRU- definition problem in practice. They were also a source of support and inspiration for developing Chapter . My thanks to Berend, Cees and Rindert. i Acknowledgments At OPM, many colleagues have helped me throughout my research, shared the koffietaffel, the batavierenrace and many other adventurous endeavors. My thanks to Inge (D.-S.), Inge (H.), Ans and Brenda. I am very much indebted to their support and guidance since coming to the Netherlands. My special thanks go out to Martijn, Steven, Rien, Mark, Johannes, Wessel, Hans (T.), Hans (V.), Robert-Jan, Fjodor, Sajjad, Farzad and Mohammad. Maarten Bonnema facilitated the discussions that originally inspired me to follow through with the research in Chapters & . The systems design meeting has been a great place for talking about research, and I think we all have Martin to thank for that. Also, I thank the colleagues to whom I am indebted for their friendship and collaboration of the past years: Adriaan Goossens, Wienik Mulder, Taede Weidenaar and Jan Braaksma. Adriaan, Taede, Wienik and I shared the office for almost four years. They have been patient in teaching me their language, and in hearing my endless stories and research problems. My thanks to Rick Schotman and Wienik Mulder for being my paranymphs. I very much appreciate the help of Julia Garde and especially the collaboration with Jos Thalen that resulted in the serious game of Chapter . I also thank Rafal Hrynkiewicz and Johan de Heer from T-Xchange who gave me a starter on serious games. My thanks to Tiedo Tinga, Fred van Houten, Cees Witteveen, Geert-Jan van Houtum and Detlef Gerhard for being in my thesis committee and for their valuable feedback about my work. The adventure of the past years would also not have been possible without our friends. Some travelled from far away to spend some time with us. Others took us to far away lands to show us a piece of their culture, or just showed us how awesome they really are. My thanks to Silvia, Cesar, Aurelia, Miguel, Nestor, Inés, Daniel, Naye, Eduardo, Vicky, Lorenzo, David, Lea, Oscar, Daniela, Lucio, Edwin, Judith, Jealemy, Cristian, Federico, Lidia, Ignacio, Daniela, Sander, Kike, Adreea, Olga, Arturo, José Manuel, Iana, Mario, Mariana, Martine, Ian, Chela and Adriana. The small but loud community of Latin Americans of L.A. VOZ made our time in Enschede a very happy time. Making music with the Chilangos Habaneros was a pleasure, and for this I thank David, Oscar, Daniela, Juan Carlos, Julián, Anne, Maurizio, Alvaro, Diego, Carla, Kasia, Pavel, Matteo and Marine. I cherish your friendship. My words are clumsy in expressing the gratitude I feel for the support of my family and friends during this time of my life. Both in the Netherlands and abroad they have always inspired me to be a better person. Maite, my loving wife, has seen me through the good and the better. Our parents have made wonderful things possible. Home in the Netherlands has been our family, and we specially thank Nico, Diru, Juan, Demi, Marion, Ron, Nahidu, Rudy, Monique and Rudolph. There are too many to thank back home in Venezuela and Colombia. Diana, Diego, Raquel, Rolando, Gaby, Juan David and Israel: I keep your love, support and inspiration close to my heart. I love you all deeply, you are amazing, and I’m not sure I can add anything else to that. ii Summary This thesis studies the role of serviceability of capital assets in the practices of large acquisition projects. Serviceability is here defined as the joint ability of technical system and its technical service system to afford both the supply and the demand for technical services; these services are ultimately destined to sustain a required capability of the technical system throughout its life cycle at a reasonable cost. It studies how serviceability is considered during acquisition projects in practice, and explores means to support decisions that intend to improve serviceability during such projects. Capital assets are important for the welfare of developed society. These technical systems —such as trains, airplanes, power plants or MRI scanners— are core components of larger industrial systems and public services. They deliver services in the form of, for example, transportation, power generation or health care. Because of their societal and economic importance, a large effort is made to maintain capital assets. Technical services, such as maintenance, are provided to capital assets over the life cycle. The main goal of maintenance is to ensure that capital assets be available for use. Inadequate maintenance can lead to failures or system breakdown. This causes safety risks and undesirable economic consequences, such as loss of quality or loss of production output. However, providing the proper maintenance represents an investment that not everyone is willing to make. The importance of maintenance is only visible when problems arise. Billions of euros are invested in acquiring capital assets every year. However, most of the expenditure occurs during their operation and maintenance. Ac- quiring assets that can be serviced cost effectively is a fundamental goal during large acquisition projects. This is also the case during acquisition projects at the NS Group, the largest railway company in the Netherlands. Buying passenger trains and providing their required services requires important strategic decisions involving both the trains and their technical service system. Trains are expensive, they are bought in large quantities and have long life cycles. The service system iii Summary requires investments in facilities, equipment and people. Design of passenger trains determines the service system needed. Design of the service system deter- mines in turn the operational performance of the train. During acquisition of passenger trains, managers must specify requirements and make design decisions for both the trains and their support services. We use a mixed methods approach in order to research the incorporation of serviceability in practice.
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