OCTOBER 26, 1973 25 CENTS VOLUME 37/NUMBER 39

A SOCIALIST NEWSWEEKLY/PUBLISHED IN THE INTERESTS OF THE WORKING PEOPLE '

II'

U.S. carrier lwo Jima, loaded with helicopters and marines, .heads for Mediterranean to ioin Sixth Fleet. News and analysis of Mideast aisis, pages 4-8.

By DICK ROBERTS going." U. S. can replace lost material fast ocratic and Republican politicians OCT. 17- U. S. warships loaded Far from merely "responding" to enough to do Israel any good," throughout the country are getting with marines are headed for the Soviet aid to the Arabs, the U. S. the leading financial newspaper up one after the other to . call for Mideast.· A massive shipment of maintains Israel as a military out­ stated. stepped-up U. S. military support U.S~ military equipment to Israel post o( American imperialism in Nixon's ominous decision to in­ for Israel. is under way. the Arab lands-and supplies tervene with U.S. military might New York Congressman Ber­ The need to mobilize internation­ arms for the Zionists' permanent heightens the ever-present danger tram Podell spelled out the aspira­ al opposition to the .U. S.-Israeli aggression against the Arab peo­ of a nuclear holocaust that could tions of the imperialists when he aggression in the Mideast is urgent. ples. engulf the entire world. declared in the House of Represen­ Washington's assertion that the Washington's Middle East policy The likelihood that the Israeli tatives Oct. 15, "The Israelis will airlift of weapons was begun only hinges on maintaining unchalleng­ regime possesses its own nuclear need more guns, tanks, missiles, in response to Moscow's military able Israeli military superi~rity. weapons-as reported by Western and planes, not just to win the aid is pure cynicism and hypoc­ To achieve this, it has continually military analysts-underscores the war, but to make sure that the risy. Washington's supply ofweap­ supplied the Israeli war machine. danger of a third world war. Arab States will think long and ons to Israel has never ceased. The Oct. 10 Wall Street Journal The American ruling class is vir­ hard before attacking again." Israeli Premier Golda Meir con­ put it bluntly: ". . . it is U. S. mili­ tually unanimous in its determina­ Vast quantities of "guns, tanks, ceded in Tel Aviv on Oct. 13 that tary equipment that has helped tion to punish the Arabs for missiles, and planes" are already U. S. assistance to Israel was "on- make Israel strong. And only the fighting to regain their land. Dem- Continued on page 5 In Briel JOIN MILITANT SUB BLITZ NEXT WEEKEND: Mili­ Also in Minneapolis, students at Marshall High School tant supporters around the country will mobilize Oct. 27 are boycotting their school cafeteria because it serves non­ for the second national Militant subscription blitz weekend. UFW lettuce and grapes. Our national goal is to sell 15,000 new subscriptions by At George Washington University in Washington, D. C., Nov. 18, including a total of 8,000 during the two na­ the food service director agreed to remove scab lettuce tional blitz weekends. .The first blitz in September netted after 1,400 students signed petitions raising that demand. 5,405. THIS In addition, 12 Young Socialist and two Militant trav­ UNITED. FARM WORKERS (II): In Columbus, Ohio, eling teams have set a goal of 7,400 subscriptions, of Big Bear supermarkets sought an injunction to prohibit WEEK'S which they have already sold 2,456. boycotting and picketing of its stores by farm workers On Oct. 27 hundreds of supporters .will be canvass­ and their supporters. But when the UFW organizers made ing campus dormitories and cafeterias, selling at politi­ it clear that the stores would be boycotied and picketed MILITANT cal meetings, setting up tables on street corners, and ap­ -injunction or no injunction- Big Bear managers~backed 3 Agnew: fall guy for proaching their friends and co-workers-all with the aim down and removed all scab grapes and lettuce from the Watergate of introducing thousands of people to The Militant. stores. 9 Pittsburgh NAM bocks We encourage all readers to help in this campaign so In New York City, the UFW has called for a march and rally Saturday, Nov. 3. They plan to rally at 2 p.m. L~ Blanc for mayor that as many people as possible can read The Militant's continuing coverage of the war in the Mideast and the in the Central Park bandshell, and then picket A&P stores 13 D. C. Blocks and 'home repression in Chile. To find out about local blitz plans, in the surrounding area. For more information call (212) rule' bill contact the Young Socialist Alliance or Socialist Workers 799-5800. 14 Interview with refugee Party in your area (see page 22). from Chile GOVERNMENT DROPS CASE AGAINST WEATHER­ 15 1,300 at N.Y. rally PEOPLE: Rather than reveal how it obtained evidence, the government moved Oct. 15 to dismiss its case against protest repression District 1 school board 15 Weatherpeople in a federal court in Detroit, Mich. Fed­ in Chile eral District Judge Damon Keith had earlier ordered the 16 Detroit teachers still suspends Luis Fuentes government to disclose whether it had used burglaries, out despite settlement NEW YORK, Oct. 17-Six illegally elected members of sabotage, electronic surveillance, agents provocateurs, or 17 If you like Nixon, Manhattan's District 1 community school board voted other "espionage techniques" against the defendants. you'll love Ford last night to suspend without pay Luis Fuentes, the dis­ The prosecutor said such an inquiry might disclose "vital national security information." 18 Texas RUP looks to trict's superintendent. The six voted while in a glass-enclosed projector room However, Ger'ald Lefcourt, one of the defense attorneys, 1974 elections and surrounded by scores of uniformed and' plainclothes said an inquiry would show that the Nixon administra­ 19 Feliciano sentenced police. They had retreated to the projector room from tion's 1970 plan for domestic spy operations was ac­ to four years tually put into effect, contrary to Nixon's denials. The 21 Militant 45th Anniver­ 1970 spy plan came to public attention during the Water­ gate hearings. sary Fund The defendants, who had been charged with plotting 24 Gallo strikers fight terrorist bombings, now plan to sue the government for for human rights damages. and to force disclosure of all illegal activities against the Weatherpeople. 2 /n Brief 10 In Our Opinion SAN DIEGO SOCIALIST ARRAIGNED ON PERJURY CHARGE: Salm Kolis, Socialist Workers Party-endorsed Letters . candidate for San Diego city council in the September 11 By Any Means Necessary primary elections, pleaded not guilty to charges of per­ La Raza en Accion jury at an Oct. 9 arraignment in superior court The 12 Great Society charges stem from an alleged falsification of her· address National Picket Line on filing papers for the election. Women in Revolt When Kolis was arrested Aug. 29 she said, "I am in­ nocent of all charges. The fact that I was arrested three 20 in Review Militant/ Arthur Hughes weeks before the election clearly shows that the city ad­ District 1 parents protest actions of racist school board at Oct. ministration is trying to stop my campaign." WORLD OUTLOOK 16 meeting. In the September election Kolis received 157 votes, more 1 Socialists challenge than 1 percent of the total. Bourassa in Quebec the public school auditorium, where more than 400 Puerto The date for pretrial motions in the case was set for Nov. 12. At that time David Aberson, her defense coun­ elections Rican, Black, and Chinese parents and other supporters of community· control of the schools were assembled for sel, will move for dismissal of the case. Trial date was 2 Peron launches purge the monthly public school board meeting. set for Dec. 10. attock on left . The decision was broadcast from the projector room Mter the arraignment Kolis appeared on several radio 3 70,000 at solidarity to the angry parents about midnight over a public ad­ and TV stations to speak about her case. On Oct. 13 march for Lip workers dress system.. It came after a stormy four-hour meeting she addressed a meeting of the San Diego National Wom­ 4 S. African miners win at which the community had confronted the racist school en's Political Caucus. -DERRICK MORRISON promise of wage gain board majority. Four Puerto Rican community activists were arrested during the meeting. This morning hundreds of parents poured into the dis­ trict office to show their solidarity with Fuentes. At a YOUR FIRST news conference packed with more than 300 parents," Fuentes said, "I am asking the public to understand THE MILITANT that we are not the disrupters, we are not the in- ISSUE? VOLUME 37/NUMBER 39 cendiaries. . . . OCTOBER 26, 1973 "We are reacting to an effort to destroy the changes SUBSCRIBE CLOSING NEWS DATE-OCT. 17, 1973 we've begun on behalf of a generation of illiterate mi­ Editor: MARY-AliCE WATERS nority children. Our anger will express itself. . . . And TO THE Business Mqnager: SHARON CABANISS it's not about· me; it's about Black mothers and fathers, Southwest Bureau: HARRY RING Puerto Rican mothers and fathers, Chinese mothers and fathers, who want for the children the opportunities others MILITIIT Published weekly by The Militant Publishing Ass'n., 14 Charles lane, New York, N.Y. 10014. Telephone: have. We will not be crushed." WHAT'S AT STAKE IN THE MIDDLE EAST?: The Militant Editorial Office (212) 243-6392; Business Office (212) Hundreds of school children, chanting "No Fuentes, goes to the root of the problem- the creation of the Zionist 929-3486. Southwest Bureau: 1107 1/2 N. Western No School," then joined the massed parents in a picket settler-state on the homeland of the Palestinian people­ Ave., los Angeles, Calif. 90029. Telephone: (213) 463- line. 1917. and we take sides in defense of the right of the Palestinians Correspondence concerning subscriptions or changes The Coalition for Education in District 1 has filed suit to self-determination. For straightforward coverage of the of address should be addressed to The Militant Business challenging last May's board elections as racially dis­ unfolding situation in the Mideast, read The Militant. Office, 14Charleslane, New York, N.Y.10014. criminatory and calling for new elections. It will now Second-doss postage paid at New York, N.Y. Sub­ ask for a temporary restraining order revoking the firing scriptions: Domestic: S5 a year; foreign, 58. By first­ class mail: domestic and Canada, S25; all other coun­ until Ll:le case is decided. Many community-control sup­ Introductory ollar-S1/3monlhs tries, 541. Air printed matter: domestic and Canada, porters plan to attend when the case resumes in court ( ) $1 for three months of The Militant. i32; Mexico and the Caribbean, 530; latin America Oct. 23. ( ) $2 for three months of The Militant and three months and Europe, S40; Africa, Australia, and Asia (including of the International Socialist Review. USSR), S50. Write lor sealed air postage rates. For subscriptions airmailed from New York and then ( ) $5 for one year of The Militant posted from london directly: England and Ireland, l1.20 UNITED FARM WORKERS (1): In Minneapolis, 500 peo­ ( ) New ( ) Renewal lor 10 issues, l4.50 for one year; Continental Europe, ple attended an Oct. 13 march and rally in support of l1.50 for 10 issues, l5.50 for one year. Send banker's the UFW. The target of the action was. Red Owl stores, NAME------draft directly to Pathfinder Press, 47 The Cut, london, the largest food chain in the state selling scab lettuce ADDRESS------­ SE1 Bll, England. Inquire for air rates from london at the some address. and grapes. The previous day, 150 students at the Uni­ CITY------STATE------ZIP------Signed Qrticles by contributors do not necessarily versity of Minnesota rallied to support the farm workers. 14 Charles Lane, New York, N.Y. 10014. represent The Militant's views. These ore express~d in editorials.

2 :IHl Agnew: Fall guy for Watergate By ALLEN MYERS in the state." He should have said "in With his resignation and plea of the country." nolo contendere-no contest-to fel­ In normal times Agnew's acceptance ony charges October 10, Spiro Agnew of payoffs would have been over­ became the latest, but certainly not looked. As far back as 1968, his the last, member of the Nixon gang profitable relations with Maryland to drown in the Watergate flood. capitalists was not even much of a Ironically, the charge which Nixon's secret. When Nixon chose Agnew as chief "law and order" spokesman de­ his running mate, the New York clined to contest-in a move that is Times complained in an editorial that the legal equivalent of a guilty plea Agnew's ties to land speculators and in criminal cases-was income-tax a bank involved "clear and repeated evasion, the same charge that ended conflicts of interest" the career of Al Capone, who was In 1968 Nixon explained his selec­ the most notorious gangster in U.S. tion to the press in the following history, until the rise . of the Nixon words: gang. "I know Ted Agnew well. We have Agnew was caught with his snout had long and tough discussions. We in the trough: Prosecutors in Balti­ have examined each other's ideas, de­ more had amassed evidence that he bated issues and tested each other. Oliphant regularly received kickbacks totaling He has real depth and genuine perhaps as much as $500,000 from warmth. Having watched his perfor­ engineering firms in Maryland during mance as governor of Maryland for missiveness," "subversives," "negativ­ mon to both parties in most states, his terms as Baltimore County execu­ two years, I was deeply impressed ism," "crime in the streets," and free­ that his predecessors and successors in Maryland and elsewhere have so­ tive, governor of Maryland, and vice­ by his tremendous brain power, great dom of the press. licited funds from contractors and con­ president of the United States. Con­ courage and unprejudiced legal mind. Although he had been frozen out sultants who were given government fronted with the evidence and un­ He has vigor, imagination and above of the Watergate crimes, it was Water­ building contracts, that their contri­ able to suppress it, Agnew "copped all he acts. Under pressure, he is one gate more than anything else that led butions were used for political, and a plea." In a deal with Attorney of the best-poised and controlled. . . . to Agnew's downfall. Under normal not for personal purposes, and that General Elliot Richardson, worked He has the attributes of a statesman circumstances, the·. Baltimore grand after Watergate, this 'common practice' out on instructions from Nixon, of the first rank." jury would never have been allowed was under attack and that he was Agnew was permitted to plead to the In reality, if Agnew differed from to hear charges against the vice-presi­ being made the fall guy for Watergate one charge and was promised that the ordinary politicians whom the cor­ dent and all the other dirty tricks, which he would not have to serve time in porations hire by the hundreds, it was But in the post-Watergate atmo­ he was not involved in." prison. only in the fact that he was even less sphere, the normal rules were inopera­ Except for the facts that Agnew did Also included in the deal was a distinguished than most tive. Nixon had already been forced use the payoffs for personal enrich­ "Dear Ted" letter from Richard Nixon Like all the hired politicians who, to dump his two top staff members, ment and that this is an equally "com­ attesting to Agnew's good character. by accident or design, achieve "na­ an attorney general, a former attor­ mon practice," Reston seems to have Presumably the former vice-president tional stature" by being sent to Wash­ ney general, a former secretary of heard Agnew correctly. The argument can use it as an employment reference. ington, Agnew was allowed to audi­ the treasury, and an FBI director, went over well with the National Fed­ "As Vice President," Nixon wrote, tion for the role of spokesman for to name only a few of the sacriflces. eration of Republican Women, who "you have addressed the great issues a broader sector of the ruling class. Nixon w~s having trouble enough de­ cheered and waved banners reading of our times with courage and can­ Analyzing Nixon's 1968 election fending himself without organizing an­ "Agnew for President," especially when dor. Your strong patriotism, and your victory in the Novemb~r 18, 1968, other cover-up. Agnew proclaimed: "I will not resign if indicted! I will not resign if indictedr' Without Nixon's support, Agnew's attempts to save himself were doomed But the September 29 speech was to be ineffectual. On September 25, received with considerably less en­ he appealed to the House of Repre­ thusiasm by the Nixon gang, since sentatives to hold what would have the attack on Petersen clearly implied amounted to impeachment hearings rather strong criticism of Richardson on the charges against. him. If the and Nixon as well. Neither could Nix­ House .had agreed, Agnew would have on have looked forward to another had the advantage of a jury familiar bruising battle with the press, even with the norms of "political contribu­ if the only administration figure di­ tions" and therefore a little more sym­ rectly involved were Agnew. pathetic; but even among Republican Asked "whether there is any sub­ members only a handful !!bowed any stance to Mr. Agnew's charge that interest in taking the case-a sure this is a frivolous investigation, that sign that Nixon was not twisting any it's a frame-up and it is, in fact, a arms on Agnew's behalf. smear," Nixon responded: "As far as the charges are concerned, they are Deprived of any aid in Washington, serious and not frivolous." ,o Agnew tried to rouse his special con­ That, for all practical purposes, was ~ 0 0 lft::!!::~7 stituency. In a speech to the National the end of Agnew. 'Executive privilege arguments aside, Mr. President, you really should have consulted Federation of Republican Women in Throwing Agnew overboard has re­ me before deciding to swallow the tapes.' Los Angeles September 29, he leveled moved what had become a source of an attack on Assistant Attorney Gen­ daily embarrassment, but it has not eral Heney Petersen, accusing him of solved any of Nixon's problems even leaking information to the press and on the superficial level of "image." It profound dedication to the welfare of Intercontinental Press, Joseph Hansen of attempting to frame Agnew to com­ will not stop inflation or the deep­ .the Nation, have been an inspiration wrote: pensate for his own failure last year ening radicalization against which to all who have served with you as "Nixon was attractive above all to to investigate the Watergate affair Agnew railed. It will not "restore con­ well as to millions of others through­ the petty-bourgeois layers, who cling properly: fidence" in the Nixon gang on the out the country." to the past, who are worried by the "Now people will say to me: 'Why part of a disillusioned public. And it challenge of the [Black] ghettos to their should a Republican Department of will return Watergate to the center In reality, Agnew was a paytriot prejudices and their property hold­ Justice and Repubijcan prosecutors ring in the scandal circus. of the sort typical of all levels of capi­ ings, and who would like to see a attempt to get you?' Well I don't know There are questions about Nixon's talist politics in the United States. The re-run of the Eisenhower decade in all the answers, but I will say this, income taxes too, including undenied cash payoffs he received from Mary­ color television." that individuals in the upper profes­ reports that he paid a total of only land corporations were not "extortion," It was basically the same sectors sional echelons of the Department of $1,670 in 1970 and 1971-the as some have charged. They were who formed the most enthusiastic au­ Justice have been severely stung by average tax on earnings less than simply his share of the income of the dience for Agnew. Possessed of a their ineptness in the prosecution of one-twentieth of Nixon's known in­ circle of contractors for whom he was "statesmanlike" physical appearance, the Watergate case. They have been come. The Senate Watergate committee the political representative. The kick­ well-tailored clothes, and a speech severely stung that the President and is reported to be looking into addi­ backs were the wages of a faithful writer gifted at coining alliterative and the Attorney General have found ·it tional secret income: a gift of $100,- employee. largely meaningless phrases, Agnew necessary to appoint a special prose­ 000 said to have been made by bil­ Probably the only thing more com­ became the spokesman for Nixon's at­ cutor and they are trying to recoup lionaire Howard Hughes through mon in U.S. politics than such pay­ tempts to galvanize the "silent majori­ their reputation at my expense. I'm Nixon's friend C. G. Rebozo. offs is the hypocritical pretense that ty" into action against the antiwar a big trophy." On October 12, the same day that they are exceptional. Agnew said as movement, the rise of nationalist sen­ "If I hear him right," James Reston Nixon was attempting to put a "new much himself in his court appearance, timent among oppressed minorities, wrote in the October 7 New York face" on his administration by an­ observing that "my acceptance of con­ and the entire radicalization. Wherever Times, "he [Agnew] is saying that he nouncing Agnew's successor, a federal tributions was part of a long-estab­ the "old values" were threatened, is being made the victim of a po­ appeals court in Washington stole lished pattern of political fund-raising Agnew led the crusade against "per- litical financial system that is com- Continued on page 22

THE MILITANT/OCTOBER 26, 1973 3 THE MIDEAST: Analysis

Detente aimed at P-roim~erialist 'solution' Washington, Mosco~ and the Mideast By TONY THOMAS tinian struggle in exchange for a Leslie Gelb, writing in the Oct. 9 New U.S.-Soviet endorsed deal with Israel. York Times on the causes of the Arab­ Early in 1971, Egyptian leaders Israeli war, reported that a high U.S. warned Palestinian resistance groups official had pointed out "that the that opposition to the deal "won't be Arabs' strategy was based on the con­ allowed." Egypt, Syria, Iraq, and the viction that. Israel would not give up ot~er supposed "progressive" and pro­ an inch of the large territory occupied Palestinian Arab states refused to lift in the six-day war of 1967 except a finger while Jordan, Lebanon, and under severe pressure." Israel carried out military campaigns This official said Egyptian President against the Palestinians. Tens of thou­ Anwar el-Sadat knew that "losses on sands of Palestinians were killed, and the battlefield would be severe, but the resistance organizations were attack represented his only hope of greatly weakened. bringing about movement on the All this was seen as a concession to negotiating front." Washington and Tel Aviv and a move The 1967 war left Egypt's Sinai toward a settlement. Peninsula, Syria's Golan Heights, the In 1972 and early 1973 massive Jordanian-held West Bank of the Jor­ demonstrations involving Egyptian dan River, and the Egyptian-adminis­ students and workers took place in tered Gaza area in Israeli hands. Since Cairo and Helwan. These actions de­ that time, the rulers of Egypt, Syria, manded nationalization of the hold- and Jordan have been under massive . ings of U.S. imperialism, arming the pressure from the Arab masses to re­ Egyptian masses to fight Israel, gain those lost territories. ending the policies of negotiating Instead of mobilizing this sentiment through the U.S. and the UN, and against Israel in a revolutionary seizing the wealth of war speculators Egyptian troops cross the Suez Canal. Anti-imperialist sentiment of the Arab masses struggle, the Arab rulers sought to re­ and Egyptian capitalists to finance has forced Cairo and Damascus into current war of resistance to Israeli aggression. gain the occupied territories through the struggle against Zionist ag­ diplomacy and by making con­ gression. cessions. They feared that a mobiliza­ The Sadat regime responded by at­ Israel serves the interests of the U.S. the Arab policy of"no war-no peace" tion of the Arab peoples to win vic­ tacking these demonstrators with the ruling class, especially the oil mag­ until the return of the occupied terri­ tories against Israel and its imperial­ army and police. Sadat announced nates with holdings in the Mideast, by tories. These experts made clear that ist backers could lead to a social revo­ he would pursue his plan to obtain keeping the Arab revolution weak and Moscow demanded an immediate lution against the rulers of the Arab a settlement under the auspices of imperialism strong. A return of the settlement-that is, on U. S.-Israeli world as well. Washington and Moscow. Arab territories would be a setback terms. Following this course, the Arab to the imperialists as well as to the One of the fruits of the detente was heads of state agreed to support the The U. S. and Israel Zionists. Moscow's refusal to give Egypt 1967 UN Security Council resolution Many of the moves of the Arab Washington · may press Israel to weapons that could be used effectively on the Mideast. This resolution, for­ rulers were based on the illusion that itiake minor concessions for the sake to carry the war to Israel and put mally backed by Washington and the U.S. would force Israel to make of a settlement, but the Zionists have more pressure on the Zionists to with­ Moscow, provides for the return of concessions. nothing to fear. The U.S. will never draw. In July 1972 the Sadat regime the Arab territories occupied in the The idea that Arab concessions abandon Israel, for fear of an anti­ ordered the entire Soviet military as­ six-day war in exchange for Arab would result in the U.S. making Is­ imperialist victory. Thus Washington sistance group, including 20,000 So­ recognition of the sovereignty of rael back down has been disproven backed Israeli aggression in 1967 and viet advisers concentrated in antiair­ Israel. in the six years since the 1967 war. the numerous bombings, shellings, craft, missile, and tank units, to leave Some Arab leaders, such as Egypt's Israel, as a colonialist enterprise, de­ commando raids, and military inva­ Egypt. Nasser and Sad at, went so far as to pends on continued expansion against sions of Arab territories launched This step greatly weakened Egypt's voice support for a plan that would the Arab peoples. A return of major since that time. capacity to defend itself from Israeli "guarantee" Israeli borders by placing portions of the territories occupied in While this relationship sometimes al­ aggression. Egyptian attempts to get U.S., British, French, and other 1967-even in exchange for Arab lows a division of labor in which Tel arms and military assistance from troops on Israel's borders to protect recognition of Israel-would put into Aviv appears more "hawkish" and Western European countries in the fall its "sovereignty." question Zionist control over the lands Washington more "dovish," it is the of 1972 failed, and the Egyptians re­ These concessions offered to Israel occupied in 1947, ·1948, and 1949- interests of imperialism that are the established close relations with Mos­ represented a retreat for the Arab that is, Israel itself. heart of Israeli aggression and war cow. struggle. Previously, the Arab states U. S. imperialism has stood behind in the Mideast. Observers in the capitalist press had refused to recognize Israel be­ Israel since the Zionist state was es­ have reported that Sadat broke with cause of mass support to the right of tablished. The "survival" of Israel has The case of Jordan Moscow on the advice of Saudi the Palestinian people to regain their been dependent on billions of dollars The illusions of the Arab rulers that Arabian officials who predicted that homeland. However, acceptance of the worth of U. S. arms, U. S. economic a pro-U.S. "tilt" could win them con­ this step would change U.S. policy, UN resolution showed that the Arab assistance and loans, and other sup­ cessions should have been dispelled by showing that the Egyptians were rulers were willing to sell out the Pales- port. by the case history of Jordan, the · willing to line up with the U.S. most blatantly proimperialist country against· the Soviet Union. However, bordering Israel. Jordan served as the as usual, this Arab concession led to instrument for the "liquidation" of the no change in U. S. or Israeli policy. Palestinian resistance in 1970 and The detente became more and more 1971. Despite U.S. backing, Jordan clearly an attempt to impose solutions is the Arab country that has the most favorable to U.S. imperialism on the significant portion of its pre-1967 peoples of the world, as was clear in population and territory occupied by Vietnam. In the M~deast, detente en­ Israel. couraged the Israelis to launch dozens The Arab states also relied on a of attacks on the Arab peoples and diplomatic and military alliance with not to make any concessions in the Moscow as a means of pressuring the direction of returning Arab lands. U.S. and Israel to return the occupied The Washington Post reports that territories. But this alliance was also just before the current war, Sadat "was a pressure on the Arabs to keep their convinced that both the United States struggles within bounds acceptable to and the Soviet Union preferred a con­ Washington-Moscow's. partner in its tinuation of Israeli occupation of Arab plans for "peaceful coexistence." land to new hostilities that would As the detente was inaugurated with threaten detente." Nixon's visit to the Soviet Union in In this atmosphere, the Zionists 1972, it became increasingly clear launched a campaign not only to re­ that Moscow was cutting down its sup­ tain Arab territories but to settle and port to the Arab states. In 1972 Soviet integrate them into Israel. military experts told Syrian journal­ Eric Rouleau, writing in the Paris Sadat and former U.S. Secretary of State Rogers ists that the Soviet Union opposed daily Le Monde Oct. 9, reports that

4 Massive U.S. war aid to Israel Israeli Defense Minister Moshe Continued from page l Washington now face. the possibility war-"1 hope Egypt did attack first"­ Dayan's policy, "referred to by his en route to Israel: An· Associated Press of Egypt or Syria regaining some of reflects a feeling that has swept Arab opponents as 'rampant annexation­ dispatch from the Azores, site of the the land occupied in the 1967 war. communities throughout the world ism,' was accelerating.~ The Golan giant U.S. Air Force base in the Mid­ This would be a blow to imperial­ and is manifested in the ranks of the Heights taken from Syria in 1967, Atlantic, reported an airlift of cargo ism. It would demonstrate to the armed forces in the Middle East. had been "practically integrated" into and warplanes at 15-minute intervals. masses of the colonial and semicolo­ .Unfortunately these troops are fight­ Israel. Urbanization was taking place The planes included Galaxies, Boeing nial lands that it pays to fight rather ing under a grave misleadership. The at Sharm el-Sheikh at the southern 707s, C-130 and C-141 cargo planes, than rely on diplomatic maneuvering capitalist regimes in Cairo and tip of Sinai and in the northern part and F -4 Phantom fighter-bombers. with Washington and Moscow. It Damascus are seeking a diplomatic also. The Pentagon has ordered the at­ would encourage Arab militants to edge through military maneuvers. Rouleau reports that the platform tack carrier John F. Kennedy, which go much further than the limits im­ Their objective is to gain concessions of Israel's ruling Labor Partyin com­ was scheduled to return to the U. S., posed on the war by Egyptian Presi­ from Israel to appease the Arab ing E-Jections called for "multiplying to remain in the eastern Atlantic. There dent Sadat and the other misleaders masses. Jewish agricultural and industrial im­ are already two attack carriers with of the bourgeois Arab regimes. They oppose mobilizing the masses plantations throughout the occupied the U.S. Sixth Fleet in the Mediterran­ Even a partial Arab victory would even for these limited ends, which are territories.... " ean. encourage the Arab masses to demand being sought mainly on the battle­ "The helicopter carrier Iwo Jima was the full liberation of Palestine and the field. These bourgeois politician& fear Arab revolt loading a landing team of 2,000 overthrow of the Zionist state. the independent thrust of mass move­ In the current war, the Arab states marines at Morehead City, N.C., pre­ Christian Science Monitor reporter ments and look to behind-the-scenes are revolting against the oppressive paring to sail for the Mediterranean. conditions imposed upon them by the . . . Another marine landing team is U.S.-Soviet detente. The Christian already in the Mediterranean, aboard &ience Monitor reports that Ishan the helicopter carrier, Guadalcanal," Khuddus, one of Sadat's top advisers, the Oct. 17 New York Times reported. had written just before the war that But the American people are far. "we need to raise the level of pressure less united than the capitalist politi­ through action to end the deadlock." cians in support of this new war drive This same report says that Cairo "start­ by the imperialists. A Gallup poll pub­ ed up the war again to give the peace lished Oct. 16 found that less than negotiations a chance." half of the American people supported The detente has prevented the Arab Israel, in spite of the anti-Arab pro­ states from gaining the Umited goals paganda barrage. The majority had of the 196,7 UN resolutions- despite either "no opinion," (25 percent), fa­ their demonstrated willingness to sup­ vored neither side (22 percent), or press the Arab revolution in exchange favored the Arab states (6 percent). for these goals. Now they hope to "The dominant mood of the public compel U.S. imperialism and the So­ is clearly that the United States should viet bureaucrats to force the Israelis not get involved in the struggle in to grant concessions through war. terms of sending American forces," This is a demonstration that even Gallup declared. from the point of view of the ruling classes of the Arab world, the detente Congress reacts Israeli planes bomb near the Suez. U.S. massive resupply of arms to Israel heightens and other "peaceful solutions" are only Among the shrillest voices in danger of 'another Vietnam' or world war. declarations of war against oppressed the U.S. Congress in favor of sending nations. Rather than a force for peace, increased U.S. arms into the war are the detente and "peaceful coexistence," former Vietnam "doves." Typical was David Winder noted Oct. 13, "There deals with Washington and Moscow will be used to rationalize military Democratic Congressman Herman Bl'.­ are other nagging worries [to the impe­ for a solution. , aggression against peoples who resist dillo. Badillo declared on Oct. 9 that rialists -D. R.]. The only realistic long-term solu­ aggression and oppression, _ as the "it becomes clearer by the hour that the "The war is not only radicalizing the tion to the Middle East crisis is the Arab states currently are doing. Holy Day attack on Israel by the entire Arab region but rallying sup­ overthrow of the Zionist state of Is­ armed forces of Egypt and Syria was port for the Arabs in the wider Muslim rael and the return of Palestine to the totally without provocation... . world as well. This could pose foreign­ Palestinians, thus eliminating the "I have today joined ... in spon- policy problems for the United States cause of the aggression. But this soring a resolution calling upon the in key friendly countries like Iran and course is rejected by Cairo and Da­ administration to honor immediately Pakistan." mascus. existing commitments to supply air­ "There could be no question that the Since the Six Days' War in 1967, craft to Israel." military balance was in danger of a it is evident that more and more of The fact is there was no "attack destabilizing shift," the Times said in · the world's masses have come to on Israel" as Badillo and others on an Oct. 16 editorial. This is what understand the reactionary role Capitol Hill claim. The territory in brought the vast armada of U.S. played by Israel in the Middle East, dispute was violently seized from Arab tanks, missiles; and bombers into the and to oppose U.S. military, governments in 1967, by Israel's un­ rapidly expanding war. financial, and diplomatic support to provoked six-day blitzkrieg. This is Israel. It is this mass pressure that not to speak of the whole history of Arab gains has turned virtually the entire Arab, Israel's bloody seizure of Palestinian Whatever now happens, the Arabs African, and "neutralist" bloc in the land to establish the Zionist state to have won a significant political vic­ United Nations against U.S. policy begin with. tory. The imperialists' shock and sur­ in the Mideast. prise- a reflection of their racist deni­ There has been a shift in thinking Israeli setba~k gration of the Arabs and their typical­ among significant sectors of the U. S. Washington initially held back in ly imperialist underestimation of the population as well. Millions of Black hopes that the Israeli regime would capacity of the oppressed masses to people, for example, identify with the repeat its crippling attack on the Arab fight back- is itself eloquent testimony Arab peoples as victims of oppression 'There was no such thing as Palestinians, armies of 1967. This expectation was to the gains that have been made. at the hands of the same forces that they never existed,' said Golda Meir in widely shared in the capitalist world. It is revealing to compare the first oppress them- the U.S. government. 1969. From the imperialists' standpoint, assessments of the war with those of Many young people throughout the a repeat of the 1967 Arab defeatwould a few days later. Leslie Gelb (former­ U.S., including-to the consternation All those with a real interest in make the oil-rich Arab states more of the U.S. rulers-many young Jews, peace should support the Arab states ly a Pentagon "expert" on the war in pliant. It would demoralize the Arab Southeast Asia" and contributor to the are opposed to the Israeli state. in their struggle against Israeli ag­ worker and peasant masses, give Pentagon papers) wrote on Oct. 9 that As the radicalization process of re­ gression. added strength to the Israeli occupa­ Washington's "Arabists" think that cent years has deepened, more and However, to end the Zionist occu­ tions of the Sinai Peninsula, Jordan Arabs "do not calculate their behavior more people have learned to see pation in the Mideast and win national and Syria, and any new terrirtory by Western standards of success; through the lies spewed forth by the liberation for the Arab peoples, the Israel seized from the Arabs, and it winning is less important than recover­ warmakers in Washington. Millions Arab countries must break from the would be one more blow to the Pal­ ing a sense of dignity and honor." of people, having just gone through restricting policies of the current Arab estinian liberation movement. By Oct. 14, New York Times mili­ the experience of the U. S. military rulers. The Arab capitalists must be But that isn't what happened. tary writer Drew Middleton was de­ intervention in Vietnam, have no de­ replaced through the process of social By the tenth day of the war Israeli claring, "The war has produced a suc­ sire whatever to get dragged into yet revolution that will put power in the forces were blocked on the northern cession of military surprises. The first another shooting war. hands of the Arab workers and poor front 20 to 25 miles from Damascus and, in the long run, the most impor­ In this political atmosphere, op­ farmers. This would unleash the mas­ despite one of the most ferocious tank tant, in the military view, was the ponents of U.S. intervention in the sive anti-imperialist sentiment of the battles in modern warfare. On the demonstration by the Syrians and [!] Mideast have a crucial role to play. Arab peoples, who would institute the southern front Egyptian forces con­ the Arabs that they are capable of It is our job to expose the lies and type of measures demanded by the tinued to hold a long stretch of fortifi­ operating complex modern weapons phony justifications being churned out Egyptian workers and students. cations on the East bank of the Suez in combat." by the rulers of this country, and to Canal. The reaction of a young Arab in mobilize opposition to the war moves The Zionists and their backers in Brooklyn, N.Y. the first night of the now under way by Washington.

THE MILITANT/OCTOBER 26, 1973 5 THE MIDEAST: History of conflict

A struggle ~ainst colonial domination Why the Arab peoples fight Israel By DAVE FRANKEL to allow them entry. This· continued after World According to a report in the June 29, 1967, Supporters of Israel claim it is committed to peace War II as well. New York Times, much of Qalqilya was destroyed and democracy. They protray the Arab peoples The hundreds of thousands of new immigrants after the fighting was over. The nature of the struggling against the Zionist state as anti.Jewish were organized by the Zionist movement to con­ Israeli settler - state ensures that such atrocities fanatics motivated by hatred and racism. front the Palestinians as enemies. Boycotts of Arab will continue as long as Israel exists. Just over a year ago the Anti-Defamation League laboT and agricultural products were organized of B'nai B'rith declared, "Arab extremists do not to build up a separate Jewish economy. Arab work­ A new holocaust? seek merely to eradicate Israel; they want to de­ ers were barred from the Jewish trade-union federa­ Along with the cover-up of Zionist crimes by stroy world Jewry which stands behind Israel. tion, and when the Palestinian people rose up backers of Israel goes the argument that Israel against British colonial rule in 1936-39, the Zion­ It will be tragic if Jews- and the rest of the world­ is needed to protect the Jewish people from exter­ are led to believe that Arab extremists are a tiny ists sided with the British. mination. In the Middle East, however, the hostility minority in the Arab world and that they do not Partition of Palestine to Jews came about as a result of the crimes of reflect the real feeling of the Arab masses." Zionism. In November 1947 the United Nations voted to But an examination of the actual history of the The hatred that the Arab masses feel for Zion­ partition Palestine into two states. This was a ism is a natural reaction to oppression. The suf­ violation of the· right of the Palestinian people fering of the Jews in Europe is no justification for to determine their own future. At that time there the oppression of another people. were 1,280,000 Arabs in Palestine out of a total The aspiration of the Palestinians is not to op­ population of 1,874,000. press the Jews, but to cast off their own· oppression. The Palestinians demanded a single, independent Virtually all the major Palestinian organizations Palestine, in which both Arabs and Jews could live. have rejected the idea of expelling the Israeli Jews What prevented this was not the "hatred and irra­ from Palestine. Typical is. the statement of the tionality" of the Palestinians, Lut the determination Popular Democratic Front for the Liberation . of of the Zionists· to carve an exclusive Jewish state Palestine, which insists ou "the construction of a out of an Arab country. democratic popular state in the whole of the ter­ Moshe Dayan explained this very well in the ritory of Palestine in which Arabs and Jews will Sept. 30, 1968, "Every solution­ Jerusalem Post. enjoy equal rights and obligations, everyone being including the establishment of a bi-national state entitled to develop his national culture in a demo­ ·-faced the alternative of either making allow­ cratic, progressive spirit." ances for the views and desires of the Arabs and Talk about extermination of the Jews if the Pal­ putting an end to Zionism," Dayan said, "or carry­ estinians were to regain their rights is on the same ing on with immigration, land purchase and settle­ level as Nixon's claim in 1969 that there would ment while denying the right of the Arabs of Pales­ be a "bloodbath" if the U.S. got out of Vietnam. tine to determine the future of the country." Similar arguments were used against the demands The Israeli state was founded on the expulsion of the Mau Mau freedom fighters in Kenya and the of the majority of the Palestinians and on the sup­ Algerian revolution. pression of those who remained. The maintenance of the Israeli state requires the maintenance of this injv.stice, and this is the root of the ongoing con­ flict between Palestinians and Israelis.

Palestinians fought for right of self-determination in 1948. Expulsion of the Palestinians Although apologists for the Israeli state often Middle East shows that the opposition of the Arab claim that the Palestinians became a nation of masses to Zionism has nothing to do with irra­ exiles voluntarily, the truth is well documented tional hatred. It grew out of the struggle of the by the Israelis themselves. Menachem Begin, who Arab peoples against colonial domination and for was the leader during the 1948 war of the right­ control of their own land. wing terrorist organization, the Irgun, and who The aim of the Zionists was to set up a Jewish was taken into the Israeli cabinet in 1967, wrote state in Palestine. In pursuit of this aim they coined in his book, The Revolt, Story of the Irgun: a slogan, "A land without people for a people "The legend of Deir Yassin [a village where the without land." Irgun carried out a massacre of some 250 Arab men, women, and children] helped us in particular The Balfour declaration in the saving of Tiberias · and the conquest of But the land of Palestine did have a people Haifa.... Arabs throughout the country ... were living there. In 1917, when the British Lord Bal­ seized with limitless panic and started to flee for four announced, "His Majesty's Government view their lives. This mass flight soon developed into with favour the establishment in Palestine of a a maddened uncontrollable stampede." National home for the Jewish people," only 11 per­ Yigal Allon, who was commander of the Palmach cent of the population of Palestine was Jewish. (an elite commando unit) in 1948, wrote in The Having promised to one people the land of an­ Book of the Palmach of the tactics he used before other, Balfour explained in a memorandum to the May 15, 1948, and the declaration of the state of British government, "In Palestine we do not pro­ Israel to "clean the inner Galilee" of Arabs. "I gathered all the Jewish mukhtars, who have Establishment of a Jewish state required expulsion pose even to go through the form of consulting of the Palestinians. the wishes of the present inhabitants of the country." contact with Arabs in d.ifferent villages, and asked The British saw the Zionist community . as a them to whisper in the ears of some Arabs that a bulwark against Arab nationalist aspirations. The great Jewish reinforcement had arrived in Galilee Zionist settlers were bound to support British rule, and that it is going to burn all the villages of The real danger to the Jewish people and the since the establishment and maintenance of the Huleh. ·Tbey should suggest to the Arabs, as their real source of anti-Semitism is not the struggle Zionist state could only be achieved with the back­ friends, to escape while there was still time.... The of the Palestinian people for their rights, but the ing of imperialism. tactic reached its· goal completely.... The wide capitalist system. Instead of recognizing this, Zion­ · Sir Ronald Storrs, the first civil governor of areas were cleaned.... " ism pits the Jewish people against those who should Jerusalem under the British, wrote in his memoirs: The expulsion of the Palestinian~ is not merely be their natural allies. Because the Israeli state "Enough [Jews] could return, if not to form a a historical. tragedy, something unrelated to the was imposed and is maintained only by force Jewish state . . ; at least to prove that the enter­ current conflict. At the time of the 1967 war' the of arms, it must rely on U.S. imperialism and prise was one which blessed him that gave as well New York Times reported: "There seems to be oppose the right of the Arab peoples to control as him that took, by forming for England 'a little little doubt that the 60,000 inhabitants of the three their own resources and modernize their countries. loyal Jewish Ulster' in a sea of potentially hostile big United Nations camps around Jericho were The only way out of this vicious cycle of Arab ism." attacked by planes on the second day of the fight­ continual warfare is for the Israeli Jews to reject As late as the nineteenth Zionist congress in ing. . . . Senior UN officials believe that a pat­ their role as counterrevolutionary shock troops 1935, David Ben-Gurion, later the prime minister tern of expulsion is eJI!erging. They -say the Is­ for the U.S. and as oppressors of the Palestinians. of Israel, declared, "Whoever betrays Great Britain raelis appear to be concentrating on pushing out They must accept the idea of giving up their special betrays Zionism." Today Israel plays the same inhabitants of such frontier villages as Qalgilya privileges won at the expense of the Palestinians, role in relation to the U. S. and Tulkarm as well as the inhabitants of the big and live together with them in a single state. Throughout the 1930s, Jews fleeing the terror refugee camps ... Israeli loudspeakers warned the Finally, they must join with the Palestinians and of Nazism in Europe were forced to come to Pales­ inhabitants, 'You have two hours to leave. After other Arab peoples in a common struggle for a tine because of the refusal of the U.S. and Britain that we cannot guarantee your safety.'" socialist Middle East.

6 THE MIDEAST: Protests 3,000 Arabs protest U.S.-Israeli terror By MIKE KELLY Mosques to the Organization of Arab Israel's side. DEARBORN, Mich., Oct. 14-More Students. Demonstrators chanted: than 3,000 people rallied here today United Auto Workers Local 600's to support the Arab cause in the Mid­ hall in Dearborn was chosen as the Break our back? No you can't! east war and to denounce U.S. aid gathering point to protest the purchase We will get our homeland back! to Israel. Ninety-five percent of the of Israeli Bonds by the UAW. Many demonstrators were Arab. of Local 600's members are Arabs. Nixon, Nixon, don't forget Detroit's Arab community, number­ From there the protesters marched Agnew fell and you will yet. ing some 80,000, is the largest in 70 abreast down Vernor Avenue to Keep your bomb, keep your jet, North America. Today's march and the Islamic Mosque in one of the most No more aid, for your pet! rally, built on only a few days' notice, spirited demonstrations Detroit has was called by the Arab-American Co­ seen in years. Slogans and banners, Free of taxes, Israeli bonds ordinating Committee. It was sup­ many in Arabic, almost universally To purchase Arms, to kill my people. ported by almost every group in the focused on demands for an end to Phosphor bombs, napalm bombs, Arab community, from Islamic U.S. imperialist involvement on Tax-free bombs, to kill my people. We must scream, we must thunder, No, No, Nixon, No more bombs!

Signs and banners included "No Help us spread the truth Vietnam in the Mideast," "Stop U.S.­ Because it tells the truth about the are also buying The Militant who Israeli terror against Arab people," Israeli aggression in the Mideast, sympathize with Zionism but are and "Israel wants its peace- a piece The Militant has been welcomed at suspicious because the U.S. im­ of Jordan, Syria, Lebanon, Egypt!" the many rallies and meetings in perialist rulers support Israel. Detroit Socialist Workers Party support of the Arab cause. At the candidates marched under a banner big Dearborn, Mich., demonstra­ Help get out the truth about the declaring "U.S.- Hands off the Mid­ tion Oct. 14, Militant salespeople Mideast war! Help counteract the eaP'!" There were no Democratic or Speakers at Arab rally of 3,000 in Dear­ quickly sold all of the 285 copies lies that come out every day in the Republican candidates to be seen on born, Mich. they had brought. mass media. Order a bundle the march. According to correspondent Mike of next week's Militant' to sell in One of the speakers at the rally was Kelly, "One Arab bought 25 copies your area. Abdeen J ahara, Detroit attorney and auto worker who was helping this and handed them out to friends. former editor of Free Palestine. He report,er translate the speeches from At least three older Arabs told me Send me ( ) copies of the next was met with loud cheers and cries of Arabic enthusiastically donated $100. they couldn't read English well but issue of The Militant. (You will be "You speak the truth!" when he de­ The mood of the crowd and the com­ gave me quarters and said, 'give billed 17 cents per issue for five clared that "Arab liberation can not munity was perhaps best summed up it to someone who can. Thank you or more.) be won through manipulation but by a speaker who declared that the for supporting us.'" only through struggle." last 25 years had been miserable for The weekend of Oct. 13-14 hun­ Name ______A spirited fund-raising speech raised him and the Arab people but that the dreds of Militants were sold in Arab Address ______more than $30,000 for medical and past nine days "were the best in my communities from Brooklyn to San City State __Zip __ other supplies for the Arab forces. life." Francisco. Salespeople in Los Send to: The Militant, 14 Charles Hundreds donated. A large number of The coordinating committee called Angeles have reported that many Lane, New York, N.Y. 10014. Arab auto workers pledged or gave for continued protests and set Oct. 28 a whole week's pay. One young Arab as the date for another mass rally. Rallies demand: US. hands off Mideast! Militant- correspondents around the nology. Socialist Workers Party march of 80 was held at the Univer­ country report demonstrations, rallies, spokesman Fred Halstead, one of the sity of Colorado in Boulder involving and teach-ins to protest U.S. compli­ few non-Arabs in the audience, was Arab students. Black_ stu delfts, Amer- · city with Israeli aggression in the Mid­ asked to speak by organizers of the ican Indians, the YSA, and the United east. meeting. The rest of the program was Mexican American Students. On Oct. 10, 350 students came to a in Arabic. Also on Oct. 11, a teach-in was held teach-in on the Mideast conflict spon­ On Oct. 15 Imamu Baraka of the at Boston University entitled ~Crisis sored by the Organization of Arab Black Political Assembly held a news in the Middle East- The meaning of Students ( OAS), the Iranian Students conference to urge support by Black the current war." About 250 attended, Association, the Young Socialist Al­ people to the Arab cause. He pointed despite attempts by university officials liance, and other groups. The same to Israel's ties with the white-suprema­ to cancel the meeting on the grounds day, a teach-in of 150 took place cist regimes of Africa. of telephone threats they claimed to at Wayne State University in Detroit. The Palestine Support Coalition at have received. One of the speakers It was organized by the OAS, YSA, the University of Washington in Seattle was Donald Gurewitz, Socialist and the Association of Black Students, organized a march and rally of 250 Workers Party candidate for Boston among other groups. people Oct. 11. Participants included school committee. In Chicago Oct. 14, 300 Arabs ral­ Iranian, Black, and Chicano students "Liberation, Not Occupation," and lied at the Illinois Institute of Tech- as well as Arabs. The same day a "No U.S. Arms to Israel" were the main chants at a demonstration of Militant/Michael Baumann about 75 students at the University In New York City 100 Arabs turned out of Indiana in Bloomington Oct. 11. Oct. 14 to picket a Zionist demonstration. Half of the demonstration, which was Forty-nine bought copies of The Militant. called on only 24 hours notice, was That evening more than 700 Arabs rallied made up of Arab students. in a Brooklyn church to protest Israeli­ Also on Oct. 11, more than 300 U.S. terror. people marched in front of the Israeli consulate in San Francisco, protesting U.S. intervention in the Mideast war. SWP candidate for mayor of New The action was called by the OAS and York, and Maxine Williams and Mark the Iranian Students Association. Friedman, candidates for Brooklyn In New York City, where the Demo­ borough president and councilman-at­ cratic and Republican candidates have large. all been campaigning vociferously for The New York Post and WPIX-TV Israel, three candidates of the Socialist sent reporters to cover the street rally. Workers Party appeared at a street The National Peace Action Coalition rally in the Arab community on At­ issued a statement Oct. 15 calling for lantic Avenue in Bro'oklyn Oct. 16. "U.S. hands off the Middle East." Cit­ More than 200 copies of The Militant, ing recent U.S. military moves in the the newspaper supporting the SWP Mideast, the release says, "We must campaign, had been sold in the area remember the results of U.S. interven­ in the past two days, and 50 to 60 tion in Vietnam. The consequences of young Arabs stopped to listen to the intervention in the Middle East can socialist candidates speak out in sup­ be even more serious, because of the The Young Socialist Alliance and Or.ganization of Arab Students at the University port of Arab rights in the Mideast. more direct danger of nuclear con­ of Texas in Austin set up adjoining literature tables on the Arab liberation struggle. Appearing were Norman Oliver, frontation."

THE MILITANT/OCTOBER 26, 1973 7 the bourgeois society headed by the Israeli state THE MIDEAST: Analysis today in alliance with world imperialism.

Zionism: trap for Jews Zionism does not represent or promote the in­ terests of the Jewish people. Within Israel, the Zion­ ists lead the Jewish masses into the trap of op­ posing the national liberation struggle of the Arab peoples, a just and democratic struggle that will Socialist ultimately be victorious. The racist oppression of the Israeli state against the Arabs is paralleled by racist oppression with­ in Israel against Jews who come from the Arab Workers Party· countries and other colonial and semicolonial countries. Israeli capitalism exploits the Jewish workers in addition to superexploiting the Arab stand on workers. Police repression against Arabs carries over to increasing repression against those Jews who oppose Zionism. Clerical restrictions on civil Military parade on 25th anniversary of Israeli state. liberties affect Jews, and Arabs even more. Israel functions as an imperialist beachhead in the Portraying the victim as the criminal, imperial­ Israel and Arab world. ist and Zionist propaganda now attempts to equate the Palestinian goal of national liberation with the barbaric genocidal actions of the Nazis. One of the factors enabling the imperialists and Zion­ to counterbalance imperialist pressure. As a result, the Arab in recent years tbe Soviet Union has become more ists to make this false comparison is the wide­ spread racism against the Arab peoples that exists deeply involved diplomatically and militarily in the in Europe, North America, and Israel. Middle East. The Middle East, which borders on revolution The imperialists and Zionists to the contrary, the Soviet Union, is an area where imperialist the basic interests of the Jewish masses. of Israel power immediately endangers the workers state, reside in alliance with the Palestinian liberation and is consequently an area of vital importance struggle and support of the goal of a democratic for Soviet foreign policy. Palestine. We have incessantly warned Jews But the international policy of the Soviet bu­ throughout the world: Zionism leads you into con­ reaucracy is predicated on its conservative and flict with your potential allies-the oppressed of narrowly conceived identification of the bureau­ the world- and has led yc-·..1 to ally with your cracy's own interests with the interests of the work­ ers state. It sees the Arab liberation struggle as The following are excerpts from the resolution worst enemy, imperialism. Imperialism in its death a pawn that can be sacrificed in its dealings with "Israel and the Arab Revolution" adopted by the agony has already led to one holocaust against imperialism. twenty-fourth national convention of the Social­ European Jewry; it can inflict similar catastrophes ist Workers Party in August 1971. again unless it is overthrown in time by the mass Moscow's goal is a Middle East settlement based force of the socialist revolution. upon the maintenance of the capitalist status quo The Socialist Workers Party gives unconditional In the epoch of imperialism, neither the Pale­ and a division of this area into stable spheres support to the national liberation struggles of the stinians in particular, nor the Arab peoples in of influence between it and imperialism. The So­ Arab peoples against imperialism, that is, we sup­ general, can fully attain the goals of their struggle viet bureaucracy and the Stalinist parties in the port all these struggles regardless of their current for national liberation, national economic devel­ Middle East oppose all independent revolutionary leaderships. Our foremost task in implementing opment, and other democratic tasks, exceptthrough developments that threaten this status quo fun­ such support is to educate and mobilize the Ameri­ the process of permanent revolution. These objec­ damentally, such as the Palestinian liberation can people against U.S. imperialist actions in the tives can only be fully realized and guaranteed struggle. Mideast. by the victory of the working class at the head However, despite the enmity of Washington and Israel, created in accordance with the Zionist of the toiling masses, chiefly the peasantry, in the double-dealing of Moscow, the Arab revolu­ goal of establishing a Jewish state, could be set tionary .struggle will continue in spite of tempo­ up in the Arab East only at the expense of the rary setbacks .and defeats until complete national indigenous peoples of the area. Such a state could liberation is attained. The central role played by come into existence and maintain itself only by re­ U.S. imperialism in continually attempting to con­ lying upon imperialism. tain and crush the Arab revolution raises the dan­ Israel is a settler-colonialist and expansionist gerous- possibility that it will force the Soviet capitalist state maintained principally by Ameri­ Union into' a military confrontation in the Mid­ can imperialism, hostile to the surrounding Arab dle East that can easily escalate into a world­ peoples. It is an imperialist beachhead in the Arab wide nuclear war. This places special obligations world that serves as the spearhead of imperialism's upon the SWP to educate the American people fight against the Arab revolution. We uncondition­ about, and mobilize opposition to, Washington's ally support the struggles of the Arab peoples aims and actions in the Mideast. against the state of Israel. The continued drive by imperialism and the The principal victims of the creation of Israel Israeli state, in collusion with the Kremlin and the were the Palestinians- i.e., the Arabs who inhab­ bourgeois Arab regimes, to impose a "settlement" ited the region where Israel was established, who with Israel that would deny Palestinian national have been driven from their homes or placed in rights, will generate a new resurgence of struggle subjugation within Israel and the newly occupied by the Palestinian people. The experience of other territories. The Palestinians are a part of the Arab sectors of the colonial revolution shows that this peoples, but they also form a distinct nationa.l can occur within a relatively short span of time. grouping, with its own history of struggle against The ongoing political discussion among the imperialism. Palestinian fighters after the experience of the 1970 The struggle of the Palestinian people against civil war in Jordan can mean that this new re­ their oppression and for self-determination has surgence of struggle will occur on a more ad­ taken the form of a struggle to destroy the state vanced political level. . . 'ld , f Militant/Paul Boutelle of Israel. The currently expressed goal of this Paleshman ch1 ren m re ugee camp struggle is the establishment of a democratic, sec­ Task of U.S. socialists ular Palestine. We give unconditional support to The fact that the United States is the chief im­ this struggle of the Palestinians for self-determin­ perialist power involved in the Mideast makes ation. a revolution against the imperialists, their Israeli opposition to Washington's aims and actions there An integral part of our program for the Pal­ agents, and the Arab national bourgeoisie, and our central task in defending the Arab revolution. estinian revolution and the Arab revolution as Arab feudal remnants. During the 1967 war itself, the SWP was the only a whole is support of full civil, cultural, and re­ The program of this revolution will combine major organization on the left to rally to an inter­ ligious rights for all nationalities in the Mideast, democratic and transitional demands directed to­ nationalist defense of the Arah revolution. Since including the Israeli Jews. The major Palestinian ward the creation of a workers state. This pro­ then, as the importance of this sector of the world liberation organizations also advance this concept letarian strategy implies unconditional support for revolution has increased, defense of the Arab rev­ and view it as essential to their attempt to win the carrying out the democratic tasks. The national olution has been an increasing part of the SWP' s Israeli Jewish masses away from support to bourgeoisie, whether "progressive" or "conserva­ political activity. During the 1970 civil war in Israel. tive," cannot lead the struggle for national libera­ Jordan, the SWP campaigned against the threat of direct U.S. military intervention. Our revolutionary socialist opposition to Zionism tion and democratization to victory over the im­ and the Israeli state has nothing in com.mon with perialists, but instead limits, diverts, and sup­ The SWP's political work in this area has cen­ anti-Semitism, as the pro-Zionistpropagandistsma­ presses it. tered on an educational campaign to counter im­ liciously and falsely assert. Anti-Semitism is anti­ To lead the struggle for national liberation to perialist and Zionist propaganda against the Arab Jewish racism used to justify and reinforce op­ eompietion through the process of perm~nent rev­ revolution. Continuing this campaign remains the pression of the Jewish people. Marxists have been olution, the creation of mass revolutionary-social­ central focus of our political activity in defense and remain the most militant and uncompromis­ ist parties is absolutely essential in both the Arab of the Arab revolution. This campaign takes the ing fighters against anti-Semitism and the oppres­ countries and Israel. form of thorough press coverage of developments sion ofJ ews. in the Mideast, expanded publication of literature, Zionism is not, as it claims, a national libera­ Role of Kremlin participation in debates, teach-ins, organizing tion mov·ement. Zionism is a political movement The bourgeois regimes in several Arab states speaking tours, and other means of educating that developed for the purpose of establishing a have turned to the USSR for economic and mili­ the newly radicalizing forces to an internationalist settler-colonial state in Palestine and that rules tary aid to help their economic development and position on this question.

8 Scherr Oliver Pittsburgh Socialist fights for denounces NAM says candidates Cleveland anti-Arab 'Le Blanc on Houston ballot spot rac1sm• for mayor' city ballot By DAVIDPAPARELLO By JOANNA MISNIK By FRED STANTON By JEAN SAVAGE CLEVELAND- This city recently NEW YORK-Norman Oliver, speak­ PITTSBURGH-The local chapter of HOUSTON- The Socialist Workers passed a law establishing a two-round ing at an Oct. 13 Socialist Workers the New American Movement (NAM) Party ticket in the municipal elections system for mayoral elections. In the Party campaign banquet in Lower has voted to support Paul Le Blanc, here, headed by Dan Fein for mayor, first round, all but the top two candi­ Manhattan, sharply attacked the sup­ Socialist Workers Party candidate for has been officially placed on the ballot. dates are eliminated. These two then port given Israeli aggression in the mayor. The SWP candidates won ballot sta­ compete in the general election. Mideast by his four capitalist party The Oct. 7 decision followed exten­ tus by filing 9, 998 signatures on nom­ This system, similar to those opponents in the mayoral race. sive ·discussion between NAM mem­ inating ~etitions. in many cities, is to keep anyone The 200 people attending the rally bers and SWP campaigners .. It was More than 50 campaign supporters but the nominees of the two major applauded Oliver's statement declar­ one indication of the widespread sup­ gathered at the home of Chicana activ­ parties out of the general elections. ing full support to the struggle of the port being won for the first socialist ist Gloria Guardiola for a campaign That this procedure protects the po­ Arab peoples. campaign in Pittsburgh in 30 years. party Oct. 13 for Kris Vasquez, SWP litical monopoly of the capitalist par­ Oliver labeled the racist, pro-Zionist Ten professors at the University of candidate for Houston school board. ties was brought home sharply here hysteria of his opponents as "no dif­ Pittsburgh, including the head of the The party was attended by Jose Bus­ last week when Democrat James Car­ ferent from the hue and cry they have history department, have signed a let­ tamante, city-wide organizer of the ney, one of the two capitalist finalists been raising for months for 'law and ter to the campus newspaper endors­ · United Farm Workers Union, Jordan­ in the Oct. 2 primary, withdrew "for order' in New York City." ing the SWP campaign as a positive ian students from South Texas Junior personal reasons." Thus voters were Oliver scored the calls by Beame, alternative to the one-candidate Dem­ College, and activists in the Raza left with the "choice" of voting for the Blumenthal, Biaggi, and Marchi-the ocratic-Republican campaign. The Unida Party. Also present were two one capitalist candidate- Republican four capitalist candidates-for more professors' letter urges all members families of striking farm workers from incumbent Ralph Perk- or staying cops, and said, "We don't need any of the university community to give California. home! more occupation forces in our Black the SWP political and financial sup­ Vasquez, an activist in the Mexican­ But Roberta Scherr, Socialist Work­ and Puerto Rican communities- any port. American Youth Organization and ers Party candidate for mayor, is fight­ more than the Arab peoples need Is­ The Pittsburgh Gay News, which Students for the Farm Workers at the ing for her right to oppose Perk and raeli occupation forces on their land." has a circulation of 4,000, gave front­ University of Houston, has been give the voters a real alternative. Solidarity with the struggle for page coverage to Le Blanc's cam­ speaking at meetings throughout the On Oct. 15, Scherr appeared before Black, Puerto Rican, and Chinese con­ paign. It said, . "For the first time in city and to a number of classes at U the Cuyahoga County board of elec­ trol of schools in District 1 was a the history of the city of Pittsburgh of H. She was well received by the tions to demand that her name appear theme that ran throughout the rally. a candidate for ptayor has come out Harris County Women's Political Cau­ on the ballot Nov. 6. Attorney Ralph A large number of activists from Dis­ publicly in support of full civil rights cus, and was interviewed for a half Rudd, representing Scherr, argued that trict 1 attended. for gay people." The paper went on to hour on the Elma Barrera TV show. the law required the city to list the outline the full SWP platform. two top candidates on the ballot. Le Blanc spoke at public hearings Since the second place finisher had of the Home Rule Charter Commis­ withdrawn, Scherr, who finished third, sion on Oct. 10, presenting the social­ should be listed in his place, Rudd ist analysis of the crisis of the cities argued. and how to solve it. One commission­ After hearing Scherr's request, the er told Le Blanc after the hearing board voted not to allow her name that he agreed with most of the SWP' s on the ballot on the grounds that "only proposals- although he considered the top two names would appear on some "idealistic"- and planned to vote the ballot and no other names." for LeBlanc in November. The proceedings were covered by So far Mayor Peter Flaherty, the all thr:ee television networks, both ma­ only capitalist candidate in the race, jor newspapers, and four radio sta­ has made no public statement about tions. the SWP campaign. At a news conference following the Howe~er, Flaherty's major rival in election board meeting, Scherr stated, the earlier Democratic primary, Rich­ "The intent of the city charter pro­ ard Caliguiri, announced in the Oct. 14 Pittsburgh Press that while he will vision for a nonpartisan primary be­ Militant/John Lauritsen fore the general elections was to pro­ not actively campaign he will accept In her campaign for school board, vide two candidates to appear on the Norman Oliver, SWP candidate for may­ write-in votes in November. Vasquez has stressed the need for bi­ or of New York, denounced his oppo­ ballot for the general election. Caliguiri's declaration was reported­ lingual education, Chicano studies de­ Carney's withdrawal leaves a gap nents' support of Israeli aggression. ly made in response to pressure from partments, and an end to sexist track­ which should be filled by the next many of his primary supporters, who ing in the school system. highest candidate. Speakers included Georgina Hog­ "complained they had no option un­ One recent highlight of the SWP cam­ "Immediately after the primary gard, former chairwoman of the Dis­ less they voted for the Socialist Work­ paign was a meeting of all mayoral I filed as a write-in candidate to guar­ trict 1 community school board and ers candidate." candidates at Texas Southern Univer­ antee Clevelanders a socialist alterna­ a leader ofthecommunity-controlfight; Le Blanc responded, "Those who sity, a predominantly Black school. tive in the general election. I have ap­ Ethel Lohman, mother of two children are looking for a rea] alternative to Interest clearly centered on Dan Fein's pealed to the board of elections to in District 1 schools and longtimecom­ the Democratic-Republican-Constitu­ campaign, and 25 students stayed af­ place my name on the ballot to further munity-control activist; and Eva Cher­ tional candidate Flaherty would be terwards to talk to Fein. guarantee that there is an alternative tov, SWP candidate for city council wasting their votes on Caliguiri. Fein also got a good reception at in this -election. from the Lower East Side. "As a Democrat in city council and Waltrip ·High School, where several "Since the board has ruled that there Luis Fuentes, District 1 superinten­ a reluctant draftee mayoral write-in students endorsed his campaign. will be only one name on the ballot, dent, sent a message to the rally "to ex­ candidate, he does not represent a Fein recently spoke before a meet­ I plan to launch a suit in court chal­ press on behalf of the oppressed people serious movement in the interest of ing of the National Alliance of Federal lenging that decision. At the same time of the Lower East Side- District 1 - working people. He is part of the same and Postal Employees. He is scheduled I will continue to run as a write-in can­ our thanks to the men and women of bankrupt system as Flaherty, and is to speak on four· TV stations arid didate." the Socialist Workers Party. Through in basic agreement with the status quo. almost all the major radio stations, Since Carney announced his with­ thick and thin you have stood by "Only the socialist movement is pre­ as well as at meetings of civic clubs, drawal from the race, the SWP cam­ us, with us, and supported us active­ senting a realistic program for chang­ Parent-Teacher Associations, Chicano paign office has received telephone ly in our struggle for Black, Puerto ing society," LeBlanc said. · community centers, and campus calls from representatives of two Black Rican, and Chinese control of our groups. organizations in the city and from communities." The SWP campaign committee is people who voted for Scherr, asking Special greetings were also heard organizing a series of panels to beheld how they could help now that she is from Mark Cooper, formerly personal at the University of Houston Oct. 26 "the only alternative." translator to Allende, who escaped and 27. Topics will include the coup Young Socialists for Scherr are or­ from Chile after the coup. in Chile, feminism and the Chicano ganizing meetings for her at nearly George Novack spoke on the his­ movement, and the crisis of the U.S. every campus in the Cleveland area tory of The Militant and the progress economy. to build support for her suit and the of the paper's forty-fifth anniversary Harry Ring of The Militant's South­ election campaign. campaign. west Bureau will be the featured speak­ In response to a fund appeal by er at a banquet Oct. 27, to be held Ron Wolin, Lower Manhattan SWP at the campaign headquarters at 3311 campaign director, nearly $2,000 was Montrose. contributed to help finance the final weeks of the campaign.

THE MILITANT/OCTOBER 26, 1973 9 In Our Opinion Letters

Agrees on Middle East 'The Spanish Revolution' The latest fighting in the Near East In your recent book review by Tony Anti-Arab campaign is but another grim reminder that Thomas of Trotsky's The Spanish there can be no peace in that whole Revolution [Militan~ >Oct. 5] I find region until the international com­ a mistaken notion concerning the munity recognizes and unreservedly events of the struggle that took place must be answered supports the full rights of the Pales­ in Spain during the 1930s. You The escalating mobilization of U. S. military forces to the tinian people. It should be under­ quote Trotsky as saying about the Middle East is a threat to the entire world. stood that the determination of the POUM, " ... they did not carry on On Oct. 15 Nixon warned that the U. S. approach was Palestinians, against all odds, is the revolutionary work in the republi­ "like the policy we followed in 1958 when Lebanon was in­ expression of a living people. Their can army. They built instead 'their own' trade unions and 'their own' volved; it is like the policy we followed in 1970 when Jordan masses are tough and tenacious, and their leadership intelligent and edu­ militia, which guarded 'their own' in­ was involved." · stitutions or occupied 'their own' sec­ In 1958 5,000 U.S. Marines invaded Lebanon to put down cated. The percentage of university graduates among them is higher tions of the front." a revolutionary upsurge there. In 1970 Nixon mobilized the than in Britain. Their rights to their It should be only fair for you to Sixth Fleet and U.S. troops in bases from Germany to Ken­ country, Palestine, and to self-determi­ tell your readers that the militias of tucky to counter the threat of revolution in Jordan. nation are the real and primary is­ the POUM, and the various other The imperialist rulers of the U. S. have proved time and sue of the so-called "Near East di­ political groups, were in existence again that the maintenance of their power and privileges is lemma." This is the minimum that well before the so-called Popular Ar­ more important to them than the survival of humanity. The should be realized and supported by my of the .republican government was formed. When Franco's crew latest U. S. moves in the Middle East are intended to protect everyone, despite the knavery of pol­ started their military campaign, these the economic and political interests of U.S. imperialism. They iticians and the ruthlessness of militias were quickly formed and profiteers. have nothing in common with the interests of the people of were the only groups that kept Fran­ either the Middle East or the U. S. R. Busailah co in check during the early days The experience of the Vietnam war has led many people Kokomo, Ind. of the struggle. What kept these mil­ here in the U. S. to view with healthy suspicion the idea of a itias functioning was not an elite of­ new military adventure. Capitalist politicians, Zionist propa­ ficers corps, but rather working-class gandists, and the mass media are working zealously to over­ Disagrees on Middle East solidarity and a common belief that come this reluctance. Their method fits the cause they are de­ Your editorial supporting the Arabs they were fighting for a better world, and not just against fascism. fending. It is a campaign of racist slander and vilification in the new Middle East war is a prime example of how reason, The Communist Party-dominated directed against the Arab peoples. Popular Army stopped all that as The anti-Arab racism the Zionist regime breeds is the con­ when divorced from morality, l~ads to stupidity. it abolished these militias. Since the querors' contempt for their victims- a contempt that is used The reason the Arabs are fighting CP received arms from Russia, it to justify oppression. A Harris poll published by Time maga­ is not to free themselves or to regain was in a position of power. Its po­ zine in 1971 found that half of Israeli Jews thought "Arabs lost rights. Their fighting is part , licy was against revolution, and as a result the Popular Army was spe­ are, lazier than Israelis." Three out of four believed Arabs of a continuing anti-Jewish hatred cifically formed to keep the revo­ "less intelligent" and "more cruel." Two out of three thought campaign designed by Arab dictators lutionary groups in line, throwing Arabs "inferior" and "more dishonest." And 80 percent thought to divert popular attention from democracy and solidarity out the "Arabs are not so brave as Israelis." their own self-serving regimes. The window in the process. To try and The s.ame racist chauvinism infects supporters of Israel in Arabs don't care one whit about "revolutionize" the republican army the U.S. A major chant at a pro-Israel rally of 30,000 hel_d adding thousands of square miles of would have been a contradiction. The Oct. 14 in New York City was "Arab Blood Must Flow!" desert to their still barren millions. revolutionary groups of Spain would Jacob Stein, a major Zionist leader, recently fumed that Nor have they ever shown the have been much better off if they "the civilized nations of the world" had helped in "fostering slightest disposition towards granting . had nothing to do with the bour­ their o.wn people the "democratic a climate of opinion in Arab minds that leads them to be­ geois- Communist government or its right of self-determination" that you army. lieve they can proceed with impunity against Israel." In Stein's so righteously flaunt. view that Arabs are not civilizedpeople-they are barbarians. D. Nolan Politics must be judged by Portland, Ore. The Israeli oppressors and their imperialist backers, as is morality and the true meaning of usual in such cases, believe their own propaganda. "Gentle­ justice and freedom, not the version Tony Thomas replies-Trotsky had men," Israeli Chief of Staff David Elazar told newsmen on that dictators feed the people. no illusions that the republican army Oct. 8, "we have begun the destruction of the Egyptian army." Thomas Anthony could· be transformed into a revolu- Two days later New York Times military analyst Drew· Mid­ Ithaca, N. Y. . tionary instrument. In fact, Trotsky's dleton complained "something went wrong." central difference with the POUM was News reports persist in discussing "the myth that Arabs can't that they gave support to and par­ fight." That they could have taken such a myth seriously is ticipated in the Popular Front gov­ a small indication of the imperial arrogance of the U.S. Hypocrites at work ernment, which as you point out was Miss North Australia was declared against the revolution. rulers. But the difficulties of its client state in the Middle East ineligible as a contestant recently in Rather than maintaining their own have made the propagation of such racist poison more im­ the Miss Australia contest. Why? sectarian military formations as ele­ portant than ever for the U.S. Because she is the unmarried mother ments within the Popular Front coa­ A recent television newscast was typical in this regard. It of a two-year-old son. A sponsor of lition, Trotsky advised them to enter showed Israeli troops dancing a hora, followed by Israeli the contest said, "The moral aspect the republican army to do revolu­ wounded at a field hospital. Finally, it turned to a Syrian is most important. If w~ lowered tionary work, as the Bolsheviks did hospital-where wounded Israeli prisoners were shown! our standards we would be in in the czarist army. Their refusal to directly confront the Stalinists in Israeli wounded were portrayed as human beings~Arab trouble with prize donors and spon­ sors." the army and the unions, or to break casualties were converted into statistics. from Popular Frontism, was the Involved here is conscious preparation for U.S. interven­ It's not enough that these contests parade women around like cattle, main roadblock to building a rev­ tion in the fighting. This racist campaign aimed at fhe Arab but they also have to guarantee olutionary opposition to the Pop- peoples must be answered! And there are clear indications that ular Front. that what's on display is stamped such an effort would be able to reach masses of Americans. "pure." Otherwise they consider it Not only is the attention of millions focused on the Middle indecent and immoral! East, but the latest Gallup poll shows that most Americans do To add insult to injury I just read Well-wriHen and rational not identify with Israel in this war. Rallies, teach-ins, and in­ that an Ohio high school senior, also Having been exposed to your news­ formation campaigns exposing the role of Israel in the Middle an unwed mother, was ruled off the paper through the College-in-the­ East have occurred on campuses and in communities across homecoming queen ballot. The school Woods Library at Marpur College, principal told her "only virgins can the country. They serve as an example of what has to be I would like to say how pleased I done on a larger scale in the coming weeks. run for homecoming queen." (I won­ am with it. Another sign of the popular mood is the excellent response der if they only allow virgins to The Militant is well written, ration­ play on the football team.) This to the coverage of The Militant on events in the Middle East. al, and genuinely concerned with woman is fighting back. She has We will continue to do our part by printing the truth about eliminating exploitation of men by filed suit in U.S. District Court others. the Middle East. We urge our readers to do their part by asking that the student election for ordering special bundles of The Militant and using them to Therefore, I am buying subscrip­ homecoming queen be voided. tions for three of my friends. spread the word. E.J. N.M. Help us counter the danger of a new Vietnam in the Middle New York, N.Y. Binghamton, N.Y. East!

10 By Any Means Baxter Smith In defense of quotas AHica massacre memorial The Detroit Edison Company was ordered early this and the opportunity to education, to preparation, On September 13 the men confined month by a federal judge to pay $4-million in dam­ to full participation in a democratic society." But here at the Great Meadow Correc­ ages to Blacks who have been victims of racist hiring quotas, he adds, are "destructive of a democratic tional Facility in Comstock, N.Y., and promotion practices. society." He advocates a "merit" system. attempted to commemorate the death More important, the judge, U.S. District Judge Epstein begins from a false premise. He assumes of the men who were killed and Damon Keith, ordered the utility to actively seek the U.S. to be a democratic society, with all citi­ slaughtered at Attica: Black employees through extensive advertising, with zens guaranteed equal rights and opportunities. He During our free time in the yard, a goal of a 30 percent Black work force. The judge argues against quotas because it constitutes a "num­ we held a memorial to honor the ordered that three Blacks must be promoted to skilled bers system." deaths of our friends. However, the jobs for every two whites until 25 percent of these Under the present setup, the quota "numbers sys­ prison officials first turned up the jobs are held by Blacks. In addition, one Black must tem"- preferential hiring- is the only way of guaran­ radio loudspeakers so that the speak­ be promoted to foreman or supervisor for every teeing equal employment opportunity to Blacks ers could not be heard. When re­ white so promoted. who've been denied it so long. quests were made to turn off the Limited forms of preferential hiring and promo­ Epstein asserts that a democratic society cannot loudspeakers, the administration or­ tion have been established at other private companies be reached through a "numbers system." He doesn't dered that the yard be closed com­ and government agencies. In each case, these cor­ tell us, though, that it's precisely a numbers "game" pletely and that all men be confined rective policies have been won through pressure by that has long been played upon Blacks. Only a to their cells. The next day many Blacks and other victims of discriminatory employ­ small "number" of Blacks reap the best of society's men were taken from their cells and ment practices. benefits. The rest, the overwhelming "number," reap placed in special punishment units. Some of· the most vocal opposition to preferential a rotten crop of racist exclusion and mistreatment. People in the free world remember hiring through setting quotas for Blacks and other Blacks, Chicanos, Puerto Ricans, and women are their friends, relatives, and anniver­ victims of special oppression has come from certain victims of special oppression- national or sexual saries throughout the years. We at­ quarters of the Jewish community. oppression, or both. Quotas are also a way of com­ tempted to do such and were pun­ Last month, a "summit" meeting of Black news­ pensation for years of racist and sexist treatment. ished; we were denied that human paper publishers and Jewish leaders took place in The merit system that Epstein touts might work aspect of life. New York City. The issue of quotas was high on if Blacks did not suffer this special oppression that We are requesting you, the pub­ on the agenda. keeps them unprepared to compete with whites on lic, to come to our aid. Petition the Dr. Carlton Goodlett, publisher of the Sun Reporter, an equal social footing. governor, the commissioner, your a Black San Francisco weekly, and president of To argue as Epstein does that Hitler's imposition legislator, to recognize Sept. 13 the National Newspaper Publishers Association, a of quotas against Jews is the reason to deny them each and every year as a day of Black group, attacked Jewish opposition to quotas for Blacks turns logic on its head. Quotas for Blacks infamy, never to be forgotten and in his speech. are a way of opening up opportunities and ensuring . to be remembered for all time to Benjamin Epstein, national director of the Anti­ them that certain of their rights will not be trampled come. Defamation League of B'nai B'rith, replied to upon. Hitler's quotas were designed to close oppor­ Prisoners Goodlett, attempting to justify this opposition. Comstock, N. Y. tunities to Jews. Epstein claimed his opposition to quotas stemmed In short, Epstein's arguments, and those of other from the persecution suffered by Jews under the quota Jewish leaders who oppose quotas with similar ar­ system imposed by Hitler. guments, are an attempt to maintain exclusive Jewish Prisoners in Hawaii "We say that in a democratic open society we must and white privileges at the expense of Blacks. Recently an inmate was shot and have the opportunity for participation. We do not As Goodlett accurately points out, Blacks not only killed while playing cards in the pris­ believe that a democratic society can be reached need quotas in hiring and promotional practices, on library at the State Prison in on a number system," he said. but also in housing, education, and a host of other Honolulu. No information is avail­ Epstein claims that "Blacks, Chicanos, Puerto social situations where equal opportunity is now able on who did it or why. This Ricans, every American groop should have the right denied. caused the prison authorities to call in the National Guard to search the prison for weapons. The problem is not so much with the search it- i La Raza en AcciOn! _ self (although this is also highly questionable) as to the subsequent curtailment of all prisoners' rights Miguel Pendas (what few they had). Personal belongings, including books, magazines, tape recorders, ra­ dios, records, legal documents, arts and crafts, were confiscated from the The Peronists and the Yankees prisoners and taken to the local The following is a guest co,lumn by Militant staff first in the world to recognize the Chilean military dump. writer Mirta Vidal, who recently returned from Mexi­ junta just a few days after the U.S.-backed coup. All the inmates were forced to sleep co and Argentina. In Argentina she covered the re­ Soon after the coup, Per6n told the press that it in the open on the recreation field cent election campaign of the Partido Socialista de was the "hurried youth" of Chile who were to blame while their cells were being checked. los Trabajadores (PST- Socialist Workers Party). for the outcome of .events there. He was referring Some of the inmates, referred to as to those young people who, just like the Argentine "ringleaders," or "incorrigibles," were On the road to the airport in Mexico City there's youth who now support Per6n, supported Allende put in solitary confinement without a billboard that advertises: "Coca Cola-one minute because he had promised to drive the American im­ hearing. away in any direction." And in case the Coca Cola perialists out of their country. In response to this abuse the in­ makes you hungry, there's always a Burger Boy Per6n's actions since the elections are opening the mates staged a hunger strike and re­ a little further down the road. eyes of Peronist youth throughout Argentina. fused to return to their cells after From Mexico to Argentina, "the American way of The day after the elections of Sept. 23, the Peronist they had been checked. The next life"- though not the standard of living-has infil­ government declared the Revolutionary People's day the. prison authorities refused trated the lives of Latin Americans. Army illegal. And the following day, it launched to feed the men or allow them to In Buenos Aires, for example, while I waited to a campaign against "Marxist infiltration" into the have anything (soap, water, blan­ take off in an Aerolineas Argentinas airplane, the Peronist movement. This has set the stage for ex­ kets, etc.). They remained in the sounds of Ray Coniff and Herb Alpert on the loud­ panding the purge against all radicals and socialists recreation yard, and despite constant speaker gave me the feeling of sitting in a Park in the country. harassment from the police, a crowd Avenue dentist's office. Many Peronist youth felt that, even though Per6n of supporters outside the prison grew. As I sat there helplessly strapped in my seat, I might not himself bring about substantial changes, Some people threw food over the recalled a conversation a few days back with a young the socialist ranks of his movement could pressure first fence, close enough to the second Argentine bank worker. "One of the first things that him into doing so. They are quickly learning this fence that inmates were able to re­ radicalized me," he had told me, "was seeing young is not so. trieve it. people dancing and singing to music in a language "We're totally confused," one Peronist Youth ac­ A reader they can't understand." tivist told me less than a week after the elections. Honolulu, Hawaii These are only some of the daily contradictions "We've been saying that these were tactical maneu­ bred by American imperialism that thousands upon vers the 'old man' has to carry out. But his latest thousands of young people throughout Latin America moves against the left can't be written off as mere are rebelling against. 'tactics.'" And that's why so many young Argentines sup­ An increasing number of young Argentines in fac­ ported Per6n in the recent elections. In fact, the main tories, high schools, and colleges are beginning to The letters column is an open forum campaign slogan of the Peronist Youth was "Per6n question Per6n. They're learning whose interests he for all viewpoints on subjects of gen­ presidente-los Yanquis que revienten," which loosely really represents. And they're beginning to see the eral interest to our readers. Please translated means "Per6n for president- to hell with ·need for a mass, revolutionary workers party with keep your letters brief. Where neces­ the Yankees." a socialist program, such as was lacking in Chile. sary they will be abridged. Please in­ Unfortunately for these thousands of well-inten­ We can be sure these combative youth will not dicate if your name may be used or tioned young militants, Per6n is not the answer to stand idly by as Per6n moves further and further if you prefer that your initials be used their aspirations. to the right. They have absorbed too well the lesson instead. The Peronist regime, for example, was one of the that the future lies in their hands.

THE MILITANT/OCTOBER 26, 1973 11 The Great Society Harry Ring

From the mob?- The Secret Service Nothing's for sure these days- The grow up with big doubts. On the other said that for a period it would con­ S. T. Dupont company of Paris offers hand, he cautioned, don't wait too tinue providing protection for Spiro cigarette lighters in Chinese lacquer, long either because "the number of Agnew. silver, and solid gold. From $65 to decisions for Christ in proportion to approximately $1,500. The $1,500 is the number of people goes down after Image problem- The presiden~ pre­ approximate because of current flue- 12 years of age." fers to ride around in a '68 Ford - tuations in the market price of gold. limousine leased by the government A concerned public servant- Gov­ for $5,000 a year rather than the '72 Faulty logic-Apparently to indicate the need for sensitivity in dealing with ernor Reagan vetoed a bill to qualify Lincoln, which is costing $12,000 a a quarter of a million California agri­ year. The bulletproof glass in the smoke fiends, Human Behavior Magazine discusses the case of a cultural workers for unemployment Lincoln distorts camera shots of him. woman who tried to help her husband benefits. The good governor explained We can appreciate that. Imagine how the bill would "have the effect of in­ kick the habit by hiding the supply. it could look on a wanted poster. creasing food prices for California Finally he went after her with a meat consumers." And we certainly cleaver. The relevant point, it seems wouldn't want that to happen, would In a good wind it goes, too-A recent to us, is that she should have hid the we? sailboat exhibit featured the Celestial, cleaver with the cigarettes. a 71-foot fiberglass sailing yacht. The galley features a microwave oven, two Regarding the age of decision-Dr. Intangibles, they call them?- "We're Con rod freezers, and a garbage compacter. Paul Warner, a pro-Jesus Minnesota marketing a commodity which is visi­ There's a stainless steel, teak-lined psychologist, warns against forcing a ble only as a reflection."- Richard 'Why go into that? ... Impeachment of sauna and carpeted baths. Cost, decision for Christ on very small chil­ Profuma, a PR man for the Guru Ma­ both the president and the vice-president "$400,000 plus." dren. Very often, he observed, they haraj Ji. at the same time would never happen!' National Picket Line . Frank Lovell ,~- 'All in favor say aye' The tenth constitutional convention of the AFL­ then and there the affairs of the AFL-CIO state that the justice of its appeal will get to the con­ CIO opens Oct. 18 in the Americana Hotel in organization in Colorado. Lacking support of science of the delegates, who in turn would make Bal Harbour, Fla. One question that will be dealt some of the major unions, Healy had little power a sufficiently strong floor fight that might modify with by the delegates is the proper relation be­ to carry out his mandate. All he had to back him President Meany's order." tween state labor bodies- the Colorado Oabor up was orders from Meany. According to Roth, the CLC executive board Council (CLC), in particular- and the national CLC President Herrick Roth called a CLC con­ is standing by to meet the week of Oct. 28 and AFL-CIO. vention this year for Sept. 7-8. Delegates from a decide what to do if the AFL-CIO convention up­ When the AFL-CIO Executive Council decided majority of AFL-CIO unions in the state voted holds Meany. to remain "neutral" in favor of Nixon in the 1972 to send five CLC officials to the AFL-CIO con­ No other action by the convention could be election, AFL-CIO President George Meany advised vention to appeal Meany's action. (See Sept. 28 more certain. It's a foregone conclusion, like the state bodies accordingly. He expected prompt obe­ Militant.) ~motion to adjourn when the time comes. The one dience. But the CLC and some others wanted to Meantime, they have been circulating petitions thing these hand-picked convention delegates­ continue their traditional practice of supporting for support among union ,members in Colorado most of them presidents or other top office-holders the candidate of the capitalist Democratic Party. to be presented to the AF't-CIO Appeals Com­ of international unions- are not going to do is They protested that they were autonomous and mittee at the convention. The CLC is also con­ support insubordination in the ranks. They are had the right to decide their own political pref­ ducting a voluntary contribution campaign, ask­ by nature and training dead set against insubor­ erences. All but the CLC finally abided by Meany's ing local members or local union meetings to dination of any kind. dictate. The CLC, however, voted to endorse send money to CLC Cause. A vote on ·this issue of insubordination, which McGovern for president. Roth holds little hope of reversing Meany's de­ is how the whole matter will be presented to the Meany moved swiftly to place the ·CLC in re­ cision to take control of the Colorado council and convention by the Appeals Committee (if at all), ceivership and directed his surrogate Dan Healy remove its officers. "All the CLC could hope for," is certain to be a simple reflex action. All in favor to go to Denver on Sept. 19, 1972, and take over he says, "would be the unforeseen circumstance say aye. Aye. And so ordered.

Women In Revolt

Ll.nda Jennessi~~,~~---~"~'~'0«--:---»:'> Defend Dr. Henry Morgentaler! ~~~ As court proceedings against Dr. Henry Morgen­ Vancouver. Sponsors include such figures as Dr. Choquette demanding that the charges be dropped. taler began Sept. 24 in Montreal, 160 people pick­ Augustine Roy, head of the Quebec College of (Telegrams of protest should be sent to: Jerome eted outside the courtroom. Later in the day, Physicians and Surgeons; Doris Anderson, editor Choquette, Minister of Justice, Quebec, P.Q., another picket line drew 200 people. Similar pro­ of Chatelaine, Canada's most widely circulated Canada, with copies to the Toronto Committee tests were held across Canada. women's magazine; and three members of par­ to Defend Dr. Morgentaler, Box 186, Station F, Morgentaler was arrested in his Montreal clinic liament. In addition, the three main labor con­ Toronto, Canada.) Members of the American Hu­ Aug. 15. He is a well-known advocate of women's federations of Quebec have endorsed the defense manist Association have initiated an International right to safe abortion and has publicly stated campaign-the Quebec Teachers Union, Quebec Defense Committee for Dr. Morgentaler. that over the past few years he has performed Federation of Labor, and the Confederation of thousands of abortions in his clinic. He faces 13 National Trade Unions. The mounting public support for Morgentaler, charges under the abortion section of the Canadian . The struggle to make abortion every woman's both within Canada and internationally, has al­ Criminal Code. If convicted, he is liable to life right to choose has become a focus of the inter­ ready had some effect. Morgentaler was originally imprisonment. national struggle for women's liberation. A de­ released from custody under exceptionally restric­ The arrest of Dr. Morgentaler is the Canadian feat for Dr. Morgentaler would be an international tive conditions. Among others, he could not speak government's latest attack on the growing abor­ blow and would spur on the reactionary "right­ to the media about his case or "his cause" and tion law repeal movement in Canada. Joan to-life" forces in every country. could not leave Montreal. These restrictions have Campana, staff coordinator of the Canadian now been modified. He is free to leave Montreal Women's Coalition to Repeal the Abortion Laws An international defense campaign must be built and to participate in press conferences, although (CWC), recently told a meeting of the CWC, "If to demand that the Canadian government drop he is still prohibited from speaking on abortion. these charges are successful, at best it means freez­ the charges against Morgentaler. In response to Defense lawyers have also won the right to a ing the present situat~on: the abortion quotas in the appeal from the Morgentaler Defense Com­ French-speaking jury and severance of the the hospitals . . . the illegal abortions for count­ mittee for international support, members of the charges- meaning that Morgentaler will be tried less women who can't get legal ones. But even Women's Abortion and Contraception Campaign on each charge separately rather than on the more likely, it would mean opening the door to in England organized a picket line outside Canada charges grouped together. The trial, originally further attacks." House to Protest his arrest. In the U.S. the scheduled for Sept. 24, was postponed until Oct. 18. A large defense campaign has been launched Women's National Abortion Action Coalition, the A strong show of international solidarity will by abortion rights advocates in Canada with de­ National Association to Repeal All Abortion Laws, help beat back the enemies of women's rights. fense committees established in Montreal, Ottawa, and the New York National Organization for DROP THE CHARGES AGAINST DR. HENRY Toronto, Hamilton, Winnipeg, Edmonton, and Women sent telegrams to Quebec Justice Minister MORGENTALER!

12 A WEEKLY INTERNATIONAL SUPPLEMENT TO THE MILITANT BASED ON SELECTIONS FROM INTERCONTINENTAL PRESS, A NEWSMAGAZINE REFLECTING THE VIEWPOINT OF REVOLUTIONARY SOCIALISM.

OCTOBEF 26, 1973

"under the banner of independence and calls for ending the oppression of the socialism and intends to lead a hot French-speaking majority by making campaign against Bourassa and French the official language of school, Socialists challenge against all the other candidates of the work, and government. bourgeois parties, including the PQ." The LSO platform also calls for In an interview published in the "the expropriation of all foreign mo­ Canadian Young Socialist newspaper, nopolies, under workers control; for Bourassa in Quebe.c Leger pointed out the PQ's inability the nationalization of the banks; for to bring liberation to Quebec: the planning. of the economy in the "'-Ne believe that the Parti Quebecois interests of the Quebecois masses," as is a bourgeois party," she said. -.'When the only basis for real national libera­ national elections we call it a bourgeois party we mean tion. that it fundamentally has the perspec­ The LSO program contrasts with tive of maintaining capitalist property that of the PQ, which does not call relationships in Quebec. The PQ tries for an end to imperialist economic to present itself as a party of all domination and military ties. Nor classes. Its program in no way puts does the PQ support the demand to into question the imperialist domina­ make French the only official lan­ tion of Quebec." guage in Quebec. Leger continued, "Quebec's national oppression is rooted in the foreign Fight Unemployment and Inflation imperialist domination of its economy and resources. The PQ' s program Leger's campaign a1so includes a calls for formal independence and program of socialist solutions to the some reforms, but they will never problems of mounting inflation and make a decisive break with the for­ unemployment facing the Quebecois eign imperialists. Their concept of in­ workers. dependence would be meaningless for She proposes a fight against unem­ the Quebecois because they have no ployment based on 40 hours pay for perspective of leading a struggle to 30 hours work and nationalization fundamentally change the system. We under workers control of factories that believe that the struggle for socialism have been shut down. Her program is necessary for ending Quebec's op­ also calls for a sliding scale of wages pression." tied to the rise in prices, and for na­ The LSO campaign will call for the tionalization of big corporations and Manon Leger: calls for Quebec independence through socialism Quebec workers movement to break the food chains, under workers from support to the PQ and other control. capitalist parties and form a mass A full program of demands against By Tony Thomps designated "essential services." workers party. Leger's campaign pro­ the oppression of Quebecois women Another key factor in Quebec pol­ gram explains: is being raised in the LSO campaign, itics is the massive support for inde­ "So that the Quebec workers move­ including the right to abortion, equal The Ligue Socialiste Ouvriere (So­ pendence from Canada and for an ment can undertake the struggle for pay for equal work, and free, twenty­ cialist Workers League- LSO), the end to linguistic discrimination independence and socialism, and arm four-hour child care. Of special im­ Quebec section of the Canadian Trot­ against Quebec's French-speaking ma­ itself politically to fight shoulder to portance in her campaign will be the skyist movement, has announced it jority by English-Canadian and U.S.­ shoulder with the workers of the en­ will be running Manon Leger in the controlled banks and corporations. tire world and especially with those Quebec national elections scheduled for In the last Quebec elections in 1970, in English Canada who face the same October 29. the Parti Quebecois (Quebec Party­ oppressive capitalist state in Ottawa, Leger, a 26-year-old office worker, PQ), led by Rene Levesque, received the LSO proposes the following mea­ will be opposing Quebec Premier more than 25 percent of the vote. sures: Robert Bourassa, a member of the The PQ is a liberal capitalist party "Create a labor party, opposed to Liberal party, in the National As­ that favors limited independence for all bourgeois parties; a party which sembly elections in Mercier County. Quebec to enhance the position of will not limit itself to elections, but In 1970 Leger ran for mayor of French-speaking capitalists in Quebec. which will participate in and strength­ Montreal and received 7,000 votes. In the absence of a mass, proinde­ en all mass struggles. A party that In that campaign she focused on the pendence party based on the Quebec­ will defend the interests of the op­ repressive War Measures Act, which ois workers, the nationalist sentiment pressed in the National Assembly and led to the occupation of Montreal by in Quebec and much of the discontent on all levels of national life." federal troops and the imprisonment in the trade-union movement there has Paul Kouri, Leger's campaign man­ of nationalist and trade-union figures, been channeled into support for ager, told the Young Socialist the LSO including several leaders of the LSO. the PQ. will urge the unions, and other so­ Leger herself was arrested for at­ The October 7 issue of Quebec cialist groups, to put up candidates tempting to carry her campaign to Presse, a Montreal labor newspaper, against the capitalist politicians. He the barracks of the occupation troops. reported that the leaders of Quebec's said this would be "a way of posing The central issues in the October 29 three largest trade-union federations the need for workers to break from the elections will be the question of na­ were discussing the formation of a bourgeois parties and not place their Leger's opponent, Quebec Premier Bou­ tional independence for Quebec and "common front" to campaign against confidence in them." rassa, proposes antilabor legislation. threats of government antilabor legis­ Bourassa in the elections. While these Kouri said the LSO would support lation if Bourassa's Liberals retain unions by tradition do not endorse such candidates "to the extent that their power. candidates, statements by their leaders campaign would help workers break In the past three years Quebec has have made it clear that their aim will from the bourgeois parties and de­ demand for freeing Dr. Henry Mor­ been rocked by massive labor strug­ be to help the PQ win the elections. velop toward independent labor po­ gentaler, a Montreal doctor who is gles, the most significant of which was litical action." on trial for refusing to obey Canada's the May-June 1972 public workers For a Workers Party Key to the LSO campaign is a pro­ reactionary antiabortion laws. strike that mobilized more than gram for ending national oppression. The LSO campaign is putting for­ 100,000 workers. Bourassa has Manon Leger's campaign will be Manon Leger endorses complete na­ ward the only program that can solve promised to pass a series of antilabor directed against the causes of the op­ tional independence for Quebec ''by the national oppression and economic laws to stem these struggles if his pression and exploitation faced by the a thoroughgoing expulsion of im­ exploitation facing the Quebecois party retains a majority in the Quebec Quebec people. A news release from perialism: its army, monetary, and masses- that is, national liberation National Assembly. He announced her campaign committee announced tariff systems, and its military al­ and socialism through political inde­ that he will outlaw strikes in sectors that the LSO was entering the race liances (NATO, NORAD, etc.)." It pendence of the working class. World Outlook W0/2

tiona!, people's university.'" Following Campara's resignation and the election of Per6n, rumors be­ gan to circulate that "reactionary in­ filtrators" intended to remove Puig­ gr6s. On October 1, the interventors Peron launches purge attack in the various schools of the Universi­ ty of Buenos Aires held a press con­ ference to announce that they had learned that the Ministry of Education had asked for Puiggr6s's resignation. on 'Marxists,' left Peronists They issued as strong a protest as they apparently felt was compatible with the "Peronist principle of centralized . command." By Gerry Foley and all means." they were leading a real rightist of­ The same day that Puiggr6s's re­ In fact, the right-wing Peronists fensive in a blitzkrieg against the left. moval became known, 20,000 students launched a gang war against the left The liberal Peronists still holding key went into the streets to protest. But "Juan Domingo Per6n's order to from the very day of. el lider's re­ positions were put under heavy pres­ the movement was suddenly demobil­ purge the Peronist movement of all turn. Near the Ezeiza airport they sure to join the offensive or be ousted. ized, the Herald claimed, when Per6n traces of Marxism has reduced the opened fire on the left-wing contin­ came out openly on the side of the left wing to a state of numbed shock," gents gathered to welcome their hero, "The governors ·were also told to go right: the Buenos Aires Herald reported in slaughtering scores of bystanders. At back to their provinces and purgetheir "The students had talked of occu­ its October 3 issue. The daily of the that time, too, "the supreme commander . own administrations of Marxists," the pying the university yesterday but English-speaking commercial com­ of the Argentine nationality" put the Herald report continued. "The provin­ when they read the text of Per6n's munity was referring to a secret order blame for the violence on the left. cial . governments of Buenos Aires, tough crackdown . . . they restricted issued by Per6n to provincial gov­ But then he did so only by innuendo. C6rdoba, Mendoza, Salta, La Rioja their protest to 'symbolic' takeovers ernors meeting October 1 in the Ar­ Now the attacks have become explic­ and San Luis have all been denounced at three faculties." gentine capital. The text was "leaked" it, and Pen~n has offered official sanc­ by orthodox Peronists as being infil­ Per6n unmistakably took the side of . the Herald said, by the October 2 tion of the rightist goon squads that trated by leftist extremists." the trade-union bureaucracy that has La Opini6n. have been escalating their attacks. Not only was pressure brought to been organizing the goon-squad at­ This document in fact left little room Claims that left-wing guerrilla bear on Peronists in local office but tacks on the left. for doubt that General Per6n hopes groups touched off the Ezeiza massacre the very showcase and bastion of the "At a secret meeting held in the CGT to accomplish by means of a "demo­ gave Per6n a pretext for removing Peronist left fell to the rightist offensive. [ Confederaci6n .. General de Traba­ cratic" dictatorship what the military from the government the liberal Peron­ Last May 28, only three days after j adores- General Confederation of rulers of the country failed to do by ists associated with the resistance to the the Campora government took office, Labor] he [Per6n] told labor leaders relying on the traditional repressive military dictatorship. The still unsolved the Peronist organizations occupied the that the trade unions 'are the back­ forces alone. The "people's general" assassination of the head of the Peron­ universities of Buenos Aires and La bone of the Peronist movement.' He was moving rapidly to carry out his ist trade-union bureaucracy, Jose Ig­ Plata, allegedly to forestall sabotage promised them that he would visit part of the deal with the military under nacio Rucci, on September 24 pro­ by the right. Interventors were them regularly once a week after he which he was permitted to return to vided the pretext for declaring "war appointed to assure "popular control." assumes the presidency on October the head of the government, i.e., to on Marxism." "Special deans have been appointed 12. curb the radical youth and "discipline" Rucci's death was followed by a in most of the schools," the PST paper "Per6n's decision to tip the scales so the Argentine workers. wave of commando attacks against Avanza!ia Socialista wrote in its June decisively in favour of the right wing prominent representatives of all left 7 issue. "Their arrival was received in the Peronist movement left the tendencies. On the same day as the quite enthusiastically by the compafie­ Peronist Youth Movement, which has assassination, the Faculty of Sciences ros of the JUP [Juventud Universitaria repeatedly clashed with the CGT, in at the University of Buenos Aires, Peronista-Peronist Student Youth], as total disarray." a stronghold of the Peronist left, was well as other Peronist currents. All Per6n's policy of basing his regime fire-bombed. hastened to point out-concurring on the trade-union bureaucracy and On September 25, Enrique Grinberg, with Puiggr6s, the interventor of the labor gangsters is not new in Latin the leader of Region No. 1 of the University of Buenos Aires-that a America, where native capitalism is JP (Juventud Peronista-Peronist new stage was opening in the life of weak. Bourgeois nationalists have Youth), the main left Peronist orga­ the universities: the stage of the 'na- generally been forced to base them- nization, was assassinated. The Communist party headquarters in Mendoza was defaced and leaflets were scattered around the area bearing the signature "the Jose Ignacio Rucci Commando Group." Also attacked was the Mar del Plata headquarters of the PST (Partido Socialista de los Traba­ jadores- Socialist Workers party, an organization that maintains fraternal ties with the Fourth International). Many other threats and assaults were noted. The regime also tried to exploit the Juan Carlos Coral, presidential candidate memory of left-wing opposition to of the Argentine Socialist Workers Party, Per6n's first nationalist government was the only working-class alternative so as to lump the left and righttogether to Peron in the last two elections. as tools of imperialism. Since the Com­ munist party had opposed Per6n in the 1-940s in the name of the Soviet alliance with "democratic" imperialism, The old caudillo's "declaration of the Peronist bosses could expect their war on Marxism" called for a dracon­ invocations of a "proimperialist left" ian purge of the Peronist movement to strike a chord among sectors of the and the gagging of all oppositionist masses. elements within it. In addition, it con­ In Chubut, Argentina's provisional tained passages that seemed to call for president, Raul Lastiri, said: "The a war on the entire left, outside as minuscule groups that have been well as inside the Peronist movement. shoved to the sidelines of this process For example, it stated: "Without de­ [of "national and social liberation"], · tracting from their specific functions, pursuing obscure antinational aims the work of the Peronist compafieros that coincide ,with the interests of the in the national, provincial, and mu­ unpatriotic reactionaries they claim to nicipal governments must be adjusted be fighting, have placed themselves to serve the aims and advancement outside the law. They have merited of this struggle, since they bear the the profound repudiation of the peo­ principal responsibility for defending ple that was shown by the total general the social peace." strike held two days ago to com­ Another directive, besides calling for memorate the event you all know a ban on "Marxist propaganda" in the about [the assassination of Rucci]." movement, said that "such propa­ While the Peronist leaders were Peron with guards. Argentine president has unleashed right-wing goons against work­ ganda" would be prevented by "any raising a phony rightist bogeyman, ing-class militants. W0/3

selves to some extent on working-class organizations so as to gain some lev­ erage against imperialism as well as a mechanism of control reaching deep­ 70,000 march in solidarity ly into the masses. In one case in particular, the de­ velopment of a corrupt trade-union apparatus operating by gangster with Lip workers in France methods and incorporated into the state has assured a ·long period of By Del Rayson The marchers came the three miles stability for a national bourgeoisie into the town of Besanc;on and through with very limited reformist aims. Mexi­ BESANCON, France- Some 70,000 the centuries-old streets. It took them workers marched here Sept. 29 in a co is the outstanding success of the almost two hours to pass the point powerful demonstration of solidarity Latin American national bourgeoisies from which this reporter viewed the with the embattled workers of the Lip and it is apparently the model Per6n march. The local paper said the length intends to follow. watch factory. of march extended two and a half The Lip workers, now in their sixth miles, and estimated the size at about month ·of struggle, are· fighting for But this time, Per6n seems to have 70,000. the human right to employment. They staked the fate of his regime on a Scores and scores of worker delega­ highly risky maneuver. A sudden-col­ took over their factory last June and tions-with banners from the CGT continued production under workers' lapse of the myth of the great anti­ and CFDT (the two largest trade­ imperialist commander would remove control to prevent threatened shut­ union federations in France) in every the last big political barrier to a rev­ downs and mass layoffs. part of the country- dominated the The 1,300 workers, a majority of olutionary development of the radi­ first part of the march, followed by whom are women, were brutally ex­ calization in Argentina. In particular, student groups from Paris, Grenoble, pelled from the factory by the police the grip of the Peronist bureaucracy and many other cities and towns. in August and locked out. They had, on the unions has been slipping in There were also small delegations however, removed their watchmaking the recent upsurge. And the tradition­ from Germany, Belgium, Switzerland, tools and a stockpile of parts, and ally rather democratic local unions­ and Italy. This was despite the fact were thus able to continue production which a decade of military repression that the French government made a and sale of watches out of the gym­ failed to smash-could easily handle systematic attempt to holdup interna­ nasium of a local school. r-ightist goon squads, if Per6n lost his tional workers' delegations at the political influence over the workers. French borders. Very heartwarming But the left is also in a dangerous was a small contingent from Quebec, [The following message was sent to position. The still vastly popular cau­ declaring the solidarity of the Que­ the Lip workers from the Socialist dillo is obviously moving very fast becois workers with the Lip workers. Workers Party convention last Au­ to crush the socialist movement as a One prominent banner read, "Lip gust.] "preventive" operation. Whether he can fights today for tomorrow's society." achieve this will depend on the ability Other banners proclaimed solidarity The Socialist Workers Party, as­ of the revolutionists to maintain and with the Algerian and other immigrant sembled at its 25th national conven­ expand their links with the masses workers. tion, sends warmest fraternal greetings and offer an attractive political alter­ It was well past mid-point in the and solidarity to the workers of the native to Peronism. march that the first disciplined party Lip watch factory. So far, Per6n has been able to ex­ contingents appeared, with · an abun­ Rouge/Lebrun The watches you have produced un­ Sept. 29 march in Besancon, France. ploit the actions of the guerrilla groups dance of red flags, singing the "Inter­ der workers control and management to cover the offensive of the right-wing nationale." One of the largest and most goon squads and give force to his without interference by the factor~ owners, are welcome and concrete impressive delegations strode under the call for "national unity" and "peace" banner of Rouge, formerly the weekly but deliberate sabotage by the bureau­ behind his leadership. The political proof that workers can do well with­ cracies of the Communist Party, So­ out bosses. of the Communist League, French sec­ confusion of the guerrilla groups that tion of the Fourth International that cialist Party, CGT, and · CFDT. For are the core and symbol of the Peron­ We expect that workers in the United example, the bureaucrats tried to make States, when faced with the alterna­ was banned by the French govern­ ist left has been a major advantage. it a regional rather than nationalevent tives you faced, will follow your ex­ ment. Repeating the standard Maoist phrases and to hold down the trade-union dele­ ample. They did this in the 1930s In an attempt to limit the demonstra­ about power growing from the barrel gations to token size. when they borrowed from French tion, the Socialist mayor of Besanc;on of a gun, as w~l as vague anti-im­ Nevertheless, the walls of the new workers the tactic of the sit-down had issued daily warnings prior to perialist slogans, these groups have headquarters of the Lip workers are strike as a new weapon in the class Sept. 29 forecasting destruction to the ended up in total political subordina­ covered with cables and messages of struggle of that period. city if the march were allowed. But tion to the great demagogue. A good there could not have been a more support from hundreds of trade-union illustration is one of the chants that orderly and spirited march. The 15,- locals around the country. The left­ was popular at Enrique Grinberg's wing groups, which had been explicit­ The Lip workers called several weeks 000 or so police in the area kept funeral: "Con el fusil en la mano y ly invited to participate in the march, ago for a "March on Besanc;on" Sept. themselves well-hidden. The only sign Evita en la coraz6n. [With a Gun had added to the walls huge posters 29. They appealed for solidarity from of repressive authority was two heli­ in Our Hands, and Evita in Our of support. the rest of the working class, pointing copters circling above the long line Hearts]." of marchers. There, next to the entrance, I found On the other hand, the Commu­ out that the Lip struggle was in the interests of all workers who face the The incontestable success of the a heartwarming message from the nist party is following a policy that march was achieved in spite of oblique U.S. Socialist Workers Party. is the mere inverse of its opposition dehumanizing conditions of employ­ to the anti-imperialism of Peron's first ment and threat of unemployment. government. Instead of offering. a po­ The call found a ready response. litical alternative to the old caudillo It appeared in all the media and was the CP is blaming the actions of hi~ reproduced in posters and leaflets in Intercontinental Press right-wing followers on a "CIA plot" virtually every town and city in (thus repeating the error of the left France. Afrique Asi~ Paris; Ahara!, Santo Domingo; Andishe va Honar, Teheran· Avan­ Peronists). It is echoing his calls for At the assembly place on the eve zada ~ocialista, Buenos Aires; Bandera Roja, Mexico City; Bandiera Rossa, 'Rome; "national unity," and calling for of the march, the intensive prepara­ Bohemta, _ Havana; La Brech~ Lausanne; Brtsch~ Zurich; Direct Action, Sydney; a broader national coalition "because tion was evident: lighting; portable Ettal~t, Teheran; La Gauch~ Brussels; Hsinhua, Hong Kong; Inprrkon; Stuttgart; the 7,400,000 votes FREJULI [Frente generators; drinking water; latrines; lzvestta, Moscow; Klassrkampen, Aarhus, Denmark; Klassenkampf, Luxembourg; Justicialista de Liberaci6n- Libera­ trash receptacles; areas for camping, Labor Cl:xJlleng~ Toronto; La Rat; Calcutta; Liberation, Montreal; M.archa, Monte­ tion Front for Social Justice] received for medical aid, for parking buses; v~deo; The Mtli:ant, New York; LeMond~ Paris; Mullvaden, Stockholm; La Na­ make a great reserve for the country, and long rows of stands for trade crr:n, Buenos A1res; The New Ymk Times; La Opinion, Buenos Aires; Peking Re­ along with the other parties that also unions, political parties, and left-wing vtew; Pravda, Moscow; Quatrieme International~ Paris; Red Werkly, London, Revista go to make up the anti-imperialist journals. de A.merica, B.uenos Aires; Rood, Ghent; Rouge, Paris; Revolucion Peruana, Lima; spectrum." (La Opini6n, October 1.) Everything was anticipated, it Srkat Kukumet, Tokyo; Socialist Action, Wellington; Voz Socialista, Caracas; Vrij Thus, at the very time Per6n is launch­ seemed- except the rain. The next Nederland, Amsterdam; Was Tun, Frankfurt. ing an assault on the left, the CP morning at 8 the first drops appeared. There is only one way to get the news of the world each week without having seems to be calling on him to include Gradually the rain became a sustained, a subscription to Intercontinental Press- read each of the above newspapers it and its allies in the government. chilling downpour. It turned the field and more. The only ·political alternative that into a muddy quagmire. The But even if you had the money and the language skill, you would still miss was offered to Peronism in the two thoroughly dampened but not dispir­ the special quality that makes Intercontinental Press stand out from other weeklies national elections March 11 and Sep­ ited marchers huddled under any pro­ -analyses of the important events by our staff of experienced political writers. tember 23 was the "workers and so­ tection they could find. You would also miss the documents and interviews that appear in Intercontinental cialist pole" of the PST. Support for It was under these conditions that Press. Most of these are not attainable elsewhere. the PST's calls for an independent this international gathering of class­ If you want accurate information, understandable analyses, you need a sub­ workers revolutionary party should conscious workers and students made scription to Intercontinental Press. Send $7.50 for six months to Intercontinental grow very rapidly as Per6n abandons its powerful statement of working-class Press, P. 0. Box 116, Village Stn., New York, NY 10014. his revolutionary pretenses. solidarity. World Outlook W0/4

Protests shake UQ wh~e rulers South African miners win promise of big wage gain By Tony Thomas crush these struggles through outright repression. This is because of the New information has come out of growing power of Black workers in South Africa on the struggle of Black industry, more and more in skilled miners at the Anglo American Cor­ and semiskilled positions. Thus the poration's Western Deep Levels gold government has been forced to grant mine. The Black miners' protests­ some concessions. which led to the murder of eleven The Carletonville struggle was are­ workers by police last month-have sult of demands by skilled pneumatic won a promise of major wage in­ drillers in the two-mile-deep gold mine creases for Anglo American's 120,000 for raises proportional to those African employees. granted earlier to ore transporters. The struggle at the Western Deep The drillers had received a 46 per­ Levels mine, which is in Carletonville, cent raise, up to $77.50 per month, is part of a continuing upsurge of ac­ according to the October 2 New York tions by Black yvorkers and students Times, while the less skilled haulers in South Africa and Namibia. had received a 61 percent raise, to The white South African government $62. By comparison, white miners re­ Wages of skilled Black South African miners were just raised to $77 per month, while has found it increasingly difficult to ceive an average of more than $500 per month. white workers earn more than $500 per month. On September 11, after a series of protests by the drillers, the Times re­ According to the Times's source, the nouncement of a second wage increase ported, "The black drillers- or at least police fired "other shots when it ap­ for Black workers before the end of 200 to 300 of them-held a protest peared that the demonstrators were the year. Company officials said the meeting and then attempted to stop moving toward a gate leading to raise would be "much greater" than night-shift workers, who load ore houses of white mine workers." the increases granted last August be­ blasted on the day shift, from going fore. the protests. to work." Anglo American Corporation and The Carletonville massacre evoked "The police were not called until the South African police have banned widespread discussions in South Afri­ about 9 p.m.," said the Times. "After reporters from talking to the mine ca's ruling circles. Some have advo­ hurling tear gas and attempting a workers, which suggests that the strug­ cated the legalization of Black trade charge, · they eventually opened fire, gle continues and ~oes beyond the unions-under the thumb of the white killing 11 blacks and wounding 16 protest that led to the September 11 unions, to be sure- as a way of bring­ more." massacre. In an attempt to discredit ing the Black worker militants into the The miners had locked a steel door the workers, South African officials open and controlling the struggles. that gave access to the mine shaft. have spread scare stories claiming Meanwhile, white students at Jo­ "When the police arrived," the Times that the Black miners had broken into hannesburg's Witswatersrand Univer­ reported, "a white mine official insisted liquor stores, desecrated churches, and sity reportedly demonstrated Septem­ on unlocking the gate and was men­ gone "berserk" during the Septem­ ber 12 at the Anglo American offices aced by a black wielding a knife, ber 11 protests. to protest the massacre. They carried whereupon the police shot the black Another sign of the breadth of the placards condemning repressive labor dead." struggle was the company's recent an- conditions.

U.S. floods Saigon regime with military aid From the signing of the Vietnam The replacement of ammunition rep­ Public Safety is now called Public even helping us get supplies any more. cease-fire agreement January 28 until resents only a small part of U. S. in­ Works, Public Administration and They want us to negotiate with the the end of July, the United States gov­ vestment in the maintenance of its pup­ Technical Support. Americans and Lon Nol-the same ernment supplied the Saigon air force pet dictator. Nixon has requested "aid" Nixon clearly intends to extend the way they negotiated with Nixon and with 142,000 bombs, rockets, and to South Vietnam of $2,500 million same sort of system of control into the Thieu.... flares and 13.8 million rounds of during the current fiscal year. Of this, parts of Cambodia still under the rule "North Vietnam wants our .victory small-arms ammunition, David K. $1,900 million is specifically ear­ of Lon N ol. His current budget al­ to be deferred because the Vietnamese Shipler reported from Saigon in an marked for military uses. Moreover, ready contains $170 million for mili­ a·re afraid that a victory for us would October 2 dispatch to the New York ostensibly "humanitarian" programs tary aid to the puppet regime, and Lon bring American retaliation on them. Times. The information was provided are also used to support Thieu's mili­ N ol' s minister of information has re­ Also, they want US aid for the recon­ to Shipler by U.S. military officials. tary forces. In an analysis of the cently begun floating the suggestion struction of their country." The figures, Shipler noted, indicate South Vietnamese economy in the that this figure should be increased "We signed a treaty with North Viet­ a continuing high level of combat by August 19 New York Times, Shipler by $360 million a year to compensate nam, with the Provisional Revolution­ the puppet regime: wrote that one-third of the funds of for the fact that U.S. planes are no ary Government and with the Pathet "The ammunition was part of the the Commercial Import Program and longer supposed to bomb in Cam­ Lao in south China in 1970," Siha­ 'one-for-one' replacement permitted 80 percent of Food for Peace pro­ bodia. nouk added. "We pledged to fight to­ under the Paris accord. The agreement grams go to Saigon's army, navy, gether until the end, against US im­ allows each side to replenish war ma­ and air force. U.S. assistance for agri­ As Nixon prepares to escalate the perialism. I am wondering now, what terial that has been destroyed, dam­ cultural, health, and education pro­ U. S. aggression, Prince N orodom Si­ was the value of that treaty? America aged, worn out or used up. Officials grams totals 0.80 percent of U.S.. hanouk has publicly complained that keeps pouring arms into Phnom Penh, estimate that the bulk of the replace­ "aid." his forces are no longer receiving ade­ while North Vietnam does not aid ment ammunition has been used in Two experts on South Vietnam, Don quate aid from China or North Viet­ us." combat, indicating that the South Viet­ Luce and Fred Branfman, recently de­ nam. Sihanouk's remarks were. made As a result, Sihanouk has revised namese Air Force has been more ac­ scribed for a U.S. congressional com­ in interviews in Algiers during the con­ his expectations: "Until recently, I tive than has been reported." mittee how Washington's aid is used ference of "nonaligned countries." thought we would have a quick vic­ Additional quantities of ammuni­ by Thieu. They were particularly con­ Writing from Algiers in the October tory. But without supplies, what can tion have been provided to Thieu's cerned with the plight of political pris­ 1 Far Eastern Economic Review, T. D. we do? North Vietnam has withdrawn navy, which received, Shipler wrote, oners and U.S. funding for Thieu's Allman quoted Sihanouk as saying, its caches of arms from Cambodia to some 8,200 rounds of ammunition secret police. "China remains faithful to us, South Vietnam, so we no longer have during the six-month period. In 1964, Luce said, Saigon had but China is ·playing the big-power access to them." "The largest quantity of ammunition 10,000 members in its National Po­ game with America now, and so can­ has been delivered to the South Viet­ lice. By 1973, thanks to U.S. "aid," not help as much as it would like." He summed up his fears of the re­ namese Army since the cease-fire, but the figure had grown to 120,000. Of the North Vietnamese govern­ sults of the detente: "H Vietnam decides the army has refused to make public U.S. aid to the police was forbid­ ment, Sihanouk said, "We thank them to let the present situation continue­ even the over-all dollar amount, den by the Paris cease-fire agreement, for training our troops. But we have to allow an American-backed regime arguing that such information could but is continuing under another name. had to do without their R:ctive sup­ to stay in Saigon-then our cause is aid the enemy." The department previously known as port since June 1972. They are not lost." Congress's ·home rule' bill is no step toward political power for D.C. Blacks By CHUCK PETRIN pathy with a particular demonstra­ WASHINGTON, D.C.-This city's tion." residents, 71 percent of whom are In deference to Symms's nightmare, Black, see nothing to cheer about in which no doubt haunts his colleagues, the drastically abridged version of Diggs's bill grants the president emer­ "home rule" passed by the House of gency powers over the D. C. police Representatives. and prohibits local officials from al­ "It's a charade. It doesn't mean a tering the D. C. criminal code or in­ thing," said one D. C. resident inter­ terfering with the functions of the U.S. viewed downtown. attorney or federal marshal. Another said the bill, passed Oct. 10 after a .flurry of closed-door com­ Plenty of cops promises, is "too weak. Congress has With Congress controlling the purse given us a bone and we're supposed strings, D. C. has the highest per capita to be glad." expenditure on police of any city com­ Congressman Charles Diggs (D­ parable in size in the country. At the Mich.), chief architect of the bill, re­ same time, education and other social sponded to charges that it was a sell­ services get short shrift- 71 percent out by saying, "I am prepared to of the District's schools are using take my lumps from the home-rule makeshift facilities and substandard self-determin.ation purists who think classrooms. anything short of statehood represents Such racist oppression has marked a deficient or imperfect product." the dispute over D. C. home rule ever When Diggs, a prominent member since the end of the Civil War, when of the Congressional Black Caucus, thousands of freed slaves began to gained the chairmanship of the House settle here. District of Columbia Committee, many A partially elected government was home-rule advocates thought they had set up in 1871," but the city's white won a victory. elite feared that the newly enfranchised But "purist" or not, one could hardly Blacks would threaten their privileges help noticing that Diggs's bill was and power. In 1874, Congress threw gutted of any measures that would out the elected officials and substituted give D. C.'s Blacks their basic political the system of presidential and con­ rights. gressional control that has continued Figureheads to this day with only minor revisions. The resurgence of the Black libera­ According to the House bill, the 800,- tion struggle in the 1950s gave new 000 residents of the District would impetus to demands for self-govern­ be allowed to elect a local mayor and ment, and some concessions have been city council, offices that are now filled won. In 1961 D. C. residents for the by White House appointees. But these first time gained the right to vote in will still be powerless figureheads, be­ Demonstrators demand home rule for District of Columbia at Oct. 3 rally presidential elections; in 1967, the right cause Congress and the White House to an elected school board; and in will retain full ultimate control over 1970, the right to elect a nonvoting all legislative, judicial, and budgetary the extent of any home-rule proposals. Bailey continued, "The truth is that delegate to the House of Representa­ matters. Harris explained, "By 'practical tac­ racist fears of giving the overwhelm­ tives. House majority leader Thomas tics' Diggs means wheeling and dealing ing Black majority in D. C. control O'Neill (D-Mass.) declared his satisfac­ with his racist Dixiecrat and Republi­ over our own affairs is the prime Full rights tion with the bill, saying, ''We in Con­ can colleagues, not mobilizing masses motivation behind refusal to grant The only proposal put forward so gress will have ample powers to of Black people in D. C. to demand home rule." far that would provide equal rights check any abuses, but we will not have our rights." · The economic gap between this for D. C. residents is statehood. to be involved in the day-to-day affairs Diggs's key giveaway from an Black majority and the white minority Omari Musa explained the SWP posi­ of this city." earlier version of the bill was power is staggering. The median income of tion: "In providing for a democratical­ The Socialist Workers Party is over financial decisions. Local resi­ Black families is 40 percent less than ly elected local government, as well running four candidates for D. C. dents pay about 80 percent of the that of whites. Unemployment in the as voting representation in both the school board: Erich Martel and Omari D. C. budget; 20 percent is provided Black community is three-and-a-half House and Senate, statehood is the Musa, at large; Nan Bailey, Ward 2; by the federal government as- a paltry times higher than among whites. fullest demand yet raised in the home­ and James Harris, Ward 3. They have compensation for the fact that federal While Blacks and other national mi­ rule debate. It has become a yardstick made the demand for self-government property is tax-free. But Diggs agreed norities make up 28 percent of the against which all other proposals are for D. C. a major theme of their cam­ to a "compromise" by which Congress work force in government service measured. paign. retains item-by-item control over .the grades 1 to 4, the lowest-paid, they "Statehood for the District of Colum­ "In contrast to the Democrats and entire D. C. budget. account for barely 5 percent of those bia would not end racist oppression. Republicans," James Harris said, "we Another "compromise" is a 30-day in the middle and upper grades. Racist oppression is rooted in the cap­ reject this bill as totally inadequate. waiting period from the time local These facts give the lie to the arro­ italist system itself, and nothing short We think it demonstrates the bank­ legislation is passed to the time it gant blustering of congressmen like of a complete transformation of this ruptcy of political hucksters like Diggs takes effect. In this period Congress Earl Landgrebe (R-Ind.), who said, society can eliminate it. and Fauntroy (nonvoting delegate can review and veto anything it "I cannot for the life of me see any "But statehood would mark a big from D. C.) who tell Black people to doesn't like. reason why we should at this time step forward for the Black community be patient while they lobby and ma­ The District will still have no voting under the pressures of the proponents toward winning full control over the neuver inside the capitalist parties. representatives in either the House or of the so-called home rule bills, decisions and institutions that affect That strategy is a dead end." Senate. whoever they are ... turn the con­ our lives. The prospects statehood From the moment Diggs assumed What lies behind Congress's intran­ trol of the city over to the local peo­ would open up would give a powerful chairmanship of the House committee, sigent refusal to grant elementary dem­ ple who have chosen, chosen to come impulse toward independent Black po­ he assured his big-business backers ocratic rights? here to make the big money that peo­ litical action." that "practical tactics" would determine The justification most commonly ple make working for this U.S. gov­ After the House bill goes through cited is the concept of Washington, ernment." a Senate-House conference committee D. C., as the "federal city." and is signed by Nixon, it will be "It does not belong to the· District More to the point was the specter presented to D. C. residents for a ref­ of Columbia Committee or to the peo­ raised by Congressman Steven Symms erendum vote. ple who happen to reside here," de­ (R-Idaho): It will face strong opposition among clared Congressman Delbert Latta (R­ "We live in an age of demonstra­ those who view it as a capitulation Ohio). "This city belongs to the peo­ tions and we can expect more, not to Congress. Some of the present ple of the United States, and let's not fewer, demonstrations in this city in school board members- the only forget it. It is the capital for all the the years ahead .... elected body in D. C.- say they are people." "What would happen, Mr. Chairman, considering campaigning against the The SWP candidates maintain that if there were a large demonstration bill. the opposite is true. "Just like every in this city which effectively blocked Julius Hobson, Statehood Party lead­ other city in the U.S.," Nan Bailey the operations of the national govern­ er and former school board member, said, "Washington now 'belongs' to ment? Such an event nearly happened has said, "my thoughts aren't fit to no one but the tiny minority of cor­ in 1971 [Mayday antiwar protests]. print.... They've made a joke of porate millionaires who run this coun­ . . . Suppose, that the city council of the rights of the people of the District try, and the defense of their profits Washington had control over the met­ of Columbia. I certainly will join the and privileges is the first order of ropolitan police and suppose further people who would oppose it in a ref­ DIGGS: Sellout is merely 'practical ' business on Capitol Hill." that the local government was in sym- erendum."

THE MILITANT/OCTOBER 26, 1973 13 Interview with refugee from Chile 'The decisive confrontation was inevitable ... It was the bourgeoisie or the workers' [The following interview was given the military and the snipers. by a refugee from Chile to a corres­ So I went back to the factory and pondent of Intercontinental Press Sep­ stayed there. None of the comrades tember 30 in Buenos Aires.] could contact any of the leaders of the cordones. So we were really with­ * * * out any direction, without any help. The only communication was with Question. What happened in your nearby factories. factory when the coup started? By 3:00 in the afternoon, the' mili­ tary decreed a curfew. I discussed the Answer. I went to work on the day situation with some of the comrades of the coup just like any other day. and we decided that I should leave By about 9:00 in the morning, a com­ because there was an air force base rade came around to tell us that the right J?.ear the factory and there was presidential palace had been sur­ a danger of air-borne infantry com­ rounded by tanks again. This had ing in. We would not be able to re­ happened before on June 29. So we sist because we did not have anything all stopped work and went to listen to resist with. I left because I was a to the radio to see what was happen­ foreigner and so it was dangerous ing. We heard Allende speaking. for me to stay and dangerous for the comrades, too. There was no point The president told the people to re­ in it. sist and not to falter. But we didn't know what to do. We knew the coup The next day I went to the factory was coming, but the leaderships of because I thought the curfew had been Santiago cemetery the political parties and even the lead­ lifted. I found out that it hadn't when erships of the cordones didn't have a I got there and they told me. line on how to fight it. About 280 people worked in the base. They left very often in trucks Q. You said that the CUT did not So the leaders of the union in our factory and there were about 30 on to fight against two shantytowns op­ issue any statements or instructions posite the base. In one, called La defense. It was a very weak defense; after the coup. Did it issue any state­ they were not armed. Legua, there were very combative ments at all? Then they told me to go to a meet­ people. This shantytown put up a ing in the factory across from ours. hard fight; they had some weapons A. Not after the coup. Before, they called on the workers to resist in the There were more people on defense that they had received from the gov­ there- about 80. The work force was ernment. factories. And I would say that they share the responsibility for the exter­ normally about 260, more or less From the base I was able to see mination of the vanguard that was the same as in ours. But here the the fight in La Legua. I could see concentrated in the plants. Everybody mood was more combative. that many, many people were being knew a coup was coming, and we But in this factory the defenders were killed, including soldiers themselves. didn't think it was a good idea to try not armed either. It was a bottle-mak­ The military had helicopters with .50- to put up a fight there because we ing plant, a place where they make caliber machine guns and they could knew that if the military came in they glass. just gun the people down from the would kill everybody. The workers air. But even so the people in this They started to make Molotov cock­ would be trapped like rats because shantytown fought the military for they had nowhere to run. But the CUT tails with the bottles but not very three days. I would say they fought many. said to resist in the factories and so very hard and that many soldiers When we arrived at the meeting, the vanguard is now dead. were killed, too. some comrades from our party, the In La Legua, I was told, they had PSR [Partido Socialista Revoluciona­ some way to make "Miguelitos," that Q. How are the cordones organized rio- Revolutionary Socialist party, is, nails made to puncture tires. So and what has happened to them since the Chilean section of the Fourth In­ they stopped one or two police vans the coup? ternational] were leading it. They ex­ and killed about 160 cops. The people plained that the Cord6n Vicufia Mac­ of this shantytown were mostly what A. The cordones were set up to pro­ kenna was fighting very hard against is called marginal, largely unem­ vide a centralized leadership for the military and that the Cord6n Ce­ groups of factories. They were to co­ ployed. It was not a proletarian neigh­ rrillos should do the same thing but ordinate work in the factories and borhood. that it was totally disorganized. There give special help to those that had When I left the base, I didn't go Junta soldiers carry books to be burned was ~o leadership. So the workers had trouble or went on strike. Another back to the factory because there were had to take it into their own hands to objective was to help organize the dis­ a lot of troops surrounding it. organize the cord6n and factories for tribution of supplies. factory went out to make contact with armed defense against the military. Generally, the cordones were led by the leaders of the cord6n and the other At this very moment, the military Q. What information do you have the Socialist party. They were run in plants. Then the interventor came. (He burst in. They had been watching us about other areas? a bureaucratic way and the masses was an official sent in by the govern­ from the air. They arrested all of us of the workers were not involved. ment to keep the factory running. and took us to the air force base that A. The Cord6n Vicufia Mackenna We tried to promote participation There had been a big battle between was quite nearby. was the best organized before the by the rank and file. We thought it the workers and the management and About an hour later, ·we were all coup. Many factories, I would say was vital for them to feel that they so the government sent him in as released because they had about eight eight or ten, fought very long and Continued on page 22 kind of an arbitrator.) He told us different versions of the meeting. The very hard. This cost the lives of many, what the situation in the city was like. military could not figure out what it many people. At one factory, for ex­ He said that a fight had started and was about, whether it wasjust a meet­ ample, the workers put up a hard Tragedy in Chile that we should keep calm and wait ing to calm the people or what. We fight, but when they saw the soldiers In response to the recent events in to see what happened. We were to stay came to the conclusion that they were surround the plant and realized they Chile, Pathfinder Press has pub­ in the factory and fight if necessary. more lost than we were. could not hold out, they surrendered lished a new pamphlet, Tragedy On the other hand, he said that the They were very worried by the and turned over their guns. The mili­ in Chile: Lessons of the Revolu­ workers who wanted to go home could armed defense at other factories that tary shot them down on the spot, in tionary Upsurge and Its Defeat (35 view of another factory that was about leave- especially the women. were already engaging in gun battles cents) by Gerry Foley and Malik to surrender. But when the workers So only the vanguard stayed, the against the military. So we think they Miah. Foley traces the history of ones who wanted to resist, who wanted there saw this, they started fighting were much more interested in those the Popular Unity government; to defend the factory. We organized factories that were already fighting again. documents the extent of the repres­ a defense committee, a food commit­ against them then they were in us, The Sumar factory had gotten some sion, urging a vigorous worldwide. tee, a medical committee, and so on. I who were just starting to organize. guns from the government, and it also campaign in defense of the victims; organized the communications com­ I was kept there one day, since I put up a hard fight. All the people and points to the complicity of the mittee. Then I went into the city. I didn't have any documents. During there were killed. In general, in all U.S. in the coup. Miah explains wanted to find someone with military this time, I had a chance to see how the factories where there was resis­ why the Popular Unity govern­ experience because none of the work­ they worked. I saw officers, soldiers, tance, everybody was killed. They ment's strategy of collaboration ers had any and we had no way to and medics. Some were very depressed were executed right on the spot. At with capitalist parties resulted in by the outcome of the coup. They fight. Sumar, a synthetic fibers plant, there a tragic defeat for the working hoped that everything would go off was an explosion. This factory wrote But when I got to the city, a bat­ class. very quickly and that there would a heroic page in history and a sad tle was going on. It would have been Order from: Pathfinder Press, 410 be no resistance. - one, too, because all the workers are suicide to try to go on and risk get­ West St., New York, N.Y. 10014. ting caught in the cross fire between There were about 500 men at the now dead.

14 1,300 at NYC ranv demand justice for victims of brutal terror in Chile By CINDY JAQUITH "These killings are not senseless," NEW YORK-Thirteen hundred peo­ Rubenstein said. "These killings are ple gathered at Columbia University part of the repression and terror which Oct. 12. to express solidarity with the is meant to silence the voice of the peo­ thousands of political prisoners who ple of Chile." have been tortured and murdered by While defense of the junta's victims the Chilean junta since the Sept. 11 was the central theme of the rally, coup. The U.S. Committee for Jus­ speakers expressed a wide range of tice to Latin American Political Pris­ views on the lessons that can be drawn oners (USLA) organized the meeting. from the Chilean experience. The size and enthusiasm of the gath­ Black attorney Conrad Lynn and ering demonstrated the potential that United Farm Workers Vice-President exists in this country for mobilizing Dolores Huerta both pointed to the public opinion against the bloody re­ serious defeat for the left that the coup pression in Chile and U.S. complicity represents. Lynn called it a "tragedy," with the junta's actions. likening it to "the crushing of the Span­ It was clear that the massacres of ish loyalists in the 1930s." workers and dragnet arrests in Chile Huerta told the audience she grieved had deeply moved those who came to "for all the Latinos slain in Chile." the rally. Writer Annette T. Rubenstein She said the coup "is such a terrible, New York protest rally sponsored by United States Committee for Justice to Latin was warmly received when she de­ horrible thing that it is almost hard American Political Prisoners (USLA). nounced a front-page New York Times to speak about." the war in Vietnam. "My own feeling article that had minimized the repres­ Four speakers at the meeting gave individuals whose lives are in danger is that every postcard . . . eyery in­ in Chile. The committee also plans to sion in Chile. The Times headlined eyewitness reports of the coup and its dividual who ever went to a demon­ the article "The Toll in Chile May Now aftermath. Edward Boorstein, an as­ send speakers on tour and to continue Be 2,000 ... No Massacres but Many sistant to Salvador Allende's economic stration did good," Spock said. "It to get the truth out through sales of Senseless Killings." adviser, described the economic stran­ turns out from the Watergate revela­ its magazine, the USLA Reporter. gulation of the Chilean economy by tions that [the White House] was con­ The rally closed with the unanimous U.S. corporations. Other eyewitness stantly fuming, uneasy, angry, be­ adoption of a resolution to be sent " Message from "" accounts came from Mark Cooper, cause of opposition to the war." to the junta in Chile. The resolution Allende's personal translator, and International solidarity with the demanded "an immediate end to the Hugo Blanco Adam Schesch and Patricia Garrett, meeting was expressed through tele­ mass arrests, torture, summary exe­ grams read by the meeting's chair­ The following telegram was sent who were imprisoned for a week in cutions, and the banning of political to the USLA protest rally in New Santiago's National Stadium. man, Corliss Lamont. The telegrams and trade-union organizations." were sent by prominent political and York from Hugo Blanco, Peruvian Garrett stressed the importance of USLA needs contributions and vol­ cultural figures in Latin America. Trotskyist leader: a broad defense effort on behalf of the unteers to continue the campaign in political prisoners who remain in A message from Hugo Blanco, the defense of political prisoners in Chile. We send greetings to our friends Chile. "There are many people of wide­ Peruvian peasant leader and a leader To help out, ·contact the committee at in the United States, to all those ly different persuasions who are very of the world Trotskyist movement, 150 Fifth Ave., Suite 311, New York, Americans who are struggling concerned about this problem," she called the defense of political prisoners N.Y. 10011. Telephone: (212) 691- against the repression in Chile. At said. in Chile "a revolutionary task of conti­ 2880. this time we believe that what is Several speakers emphasized the ef­ ental and international dimensions." fundamental in Chile is the preserva­ fectiveness of visible protest actions. Blanco himself had just escaped from tion of its groups, the preserva­ Judith Malina, a member of the USLA Chile and has been granted asylum in tion of its revolutionary elements. Executive Committee, told how Sweden (see box on this page). What must be done is to safe­ protests had helped free her when she Telegrams were also sent from the guard the life and security of the was imprisoned by the Brazilian dic­ Political Commission of the Union of Chilean people in general and of tatorship for her activities as a mem­ Professors of the National University its revolutionaries specifically. This ber of the Living Theater. of Mexico; Francisco Juliao, a Bra­ work is urgent; it is not only a "I know that the day after [our ar­ zilian peasant leader now in exile; humanitarian task of a defense of rest] there was a picket line set up Jose Revueltas, Mexican author and human rights and the right of asy­ outsid·e the Brazilian airline," she said. former political prisoner; Fernando lum and of individual guarantees "The leaflet talking about torture in Benitez, Mexiean writer; Congress of Chileans, as well as foreigners, Brazil was shown to us in interroga­ woman Bella Abzug (D-N. Y.); and but it is also a revolutionary task tion in the interior of Brazil one day others. of continental and international di­ after that leaflet was handed out in Rally participants demonstrated mensions. San Francisco...• that communica­ their eagerness to aid USLA's efforts The best or' the Latin American tion was very clear." by donating more than $3,200 dur­ vanguard is at this moment in Dr. Benjamin Spock reminded the ing the collection. These funds will Chile. A struggle at the. internation­ audience of the important role played help the defense committee's campaign HUERTA: Expressed solidarity with those ~1 level is necessary to save them~ by demonstrations in the fight against to publicize the plight of prominent slain by the junta. Protests denounce Chilean junta's whitewash International protests against the re­ Chile, not even Brazil or Greece," re­ dred students turned out at the Uni­ Young Workers Liberation League. pression in Chile continue, demonstra­ ported Joe Nordmann, secretary gen­ versity of Texas at Austin Oct. 11 to In New York, a group of U.S. and ting the. failure of the junta's attempt eral of the International Association . hear Stokely Carmichael, former lead­ Latin American artists has announced to whitewash its executions, arrests, of Democratic Jurists. er of the Student Non-Violent Coordi­ plans to recreate a Chilean mural de­ and tortures since the September coup. Nordmann is part of a commission nating Committee (SNCC), and Mark stroyed during the coup. The act is a " . we have not seen in recent composed of internationally known Cooper, personal translator for Sal­ gesture of solidarity with Chilean col­ years a situation so grave as that in human rights organizations that went vador Allende. leagues .whose work is being burned t .,{._if ·wP· "

THE MILITANT/OCTOBER 26, 1973 iS Detroit teachers still out despite settlement · By MIKE KELLY percent wage boost and maximum Riordan claimed binding arbitration · DETROIT, Oct. 16-The Detroit Fed- class size of 35 now go to binding was necessary since the board was eration of Teachers (DFT) voted yes- . arbitration. The demand for a cost-of- adamant. ''We won't get one thing terday by 4,881 to 3,287 to settle its living escalator clause was dropped more if we stay out 'til doomsday," six-week strike. by the union leadership. she said. But today classrooms remained The board backed down partially Riordan also alluded to mounting empty, and picket lines were up as on only one issue- its demand for community pressure to. open the usual. an "accountability," or merit pay, plan. schools. But instead of proposing an When the board of education refused Both sides agreed to submit this ques- all-out drive to win community sup- to drop its claims to more than $1.4- tion to a special committee to be ap- port for the teachers, she saw this as million in damages, the DFT decided pointed by Michigan Governor a reason to give in. to the board of to continue the strike until the board William Milliken. This committee can education. drops its punitive claims. only make nonbinding recommenda- The Michigan AFL-CIO and the The claim for damages was based tions. United Auto Workers union had called on the DFT's refusal to heed a court The DFT executive board split 8 for a rally to support the teachers on injunction issued several weeks ago to 8 on the proposed settlement, with Oct. 11. Neither, however, turned out ordering teachers back to work. union President Mary Ellen Riordan its own ranks. The 3,000 to 4,000 Widespread dissatisfaction with the casting the decisive vote for binding present were overwhelmingly teachers, poor settlement was shown by the 40 arbitration. including some from other school sys- percent negative vote. Not one of the It was mostly younger executive terns. basic demands of the union was won board members and teachers who op- At the Oct. 11 rally, when Riordan Michigan AFL-CIO News -only secondary issues were agreed posed the settlement. They called the referred to the possibility of binding Detroit teachers voted to defy back-to­ on in the one-year contract. pact "ridiculous" and pointed to the arbitration, the teachers booed her and work order at this Oct. 4 rally. The teachers' demands for a 9. 7 antiunion role of arbitrators. shouted "No!" Inquiry exposes CIA police terror school By CINDY JAQUITH OPS is scheduled to get $7.5-million Some of the money goes to buy wea­ There is also evidence that Ameri­ The movie State of Siege contains gris­ for its dirty work. This amount does pons, such as the 20,000 hand gre­ can agents are members of the tor­ ly scenes of C !A-financed schools in not include the $22-million that will nades and 800,000 rounds of ammu­ ture squads used in countries such the U.S. where Latin American po­ go exclusively to police and prison nition shipped to the Brazilian nation­ as Brazil, Bolivia-and now Chile­ litical police learn bomb making, as­ activities in South Vietnam, Laos, and al police since 1959. The Guatemalan to terrorize political prisoners and ex­ sassination methods, and the latest Cambodia, Abourezk reports. (An police received 3,000 tear gas tract "confessions." Abourezk recently torture techniques. An investigation by amendment to the military budget to grenades, 250 gas masks, and 40,000 read in Congress a letter from a con­ Senator James Abourezk (D-S. D.) has end U.S. financing of secret-police de­ shotgun shields in 1970 alone from stituent who had been to Bolivia and now established that these terror partments in other countries was de­ OPS. talked with torture victims. The letter schools exist in real life. feated earlier this month.) "I can see no other purpose in such said in part: One such school is 6perated by the More than 70 countries in all re­ programs than to help consolidate the "At least one of the torturers told Agency for International Development ceive U. S. aid to bolster their repres­ power of dictators and squash one of our friends that he learned his (AID) in Los Fresnos, Texas, at the sive and "intelligence" apparatuses. their opposition," Abourezk said. techniques in a special American Border Patrol Academy. According to school in the Canal Zone. An Ameri­ syndicated columnist Jack Anderson, can missionary friend who was tor­ Abourezk has forced one AID official tured for fo:t1r days before his release, to admit that the "students" at this insists that at least one American was school are being trained in how to involved in the torture squad." make booby traps, bombs, and other While most AID officials deny such terrorist devices. The C lA agreed to reports of torture activities, assassina­ teach the courses after the Defense De­ tions, and other attacks on left groups partment refused the assignment. and trade unions in· Latin America or elsewhere, some agents boast Most of the 165 cops trained at of their accomplishments. Byron this school are from military dictator­ Engle, the former director of OPS, for ships heavily backed by the U.S.­ example, said of U. S.-trained police including Brazil, Guatemala, Panama, during the u~rising in the Dominican El Salvador, Uruguay, and Thailand. Republic in 1965: The funds for this operation are fre­ "Police action ... was so effective quently channeled through the innocu­ that the insurgents did not even end ous-sounding Office of Public Safety up with the body of a dead comrade (OPS). to drag through the City in false mar­ In the 197 4 U. S. military budget, Brazilian military police at work. Were they trained in the U.S.? tyrdom." SWP's Watergate suit wins labor support "We in the labor movement have spe­ troit) Local 1497 of the American Fed­ nall, currently on a speaking tour in Gloria Steinem. cial reasons for concern about Water­ eration of State, County and Munici­ Texas, held a well-attended news con­ PRDF supporters are also raising gate and its meaning. The same bug­ pal Employees (AFSCME) have also ference following Spiro Agnew's resig­ money by selling the new Watergate ging and harassment tactics have been endorsed the suit. Both unions invited nation. Arnall called it "the latest shock button designed for the committee by used in the past against working peo­ PRDF representatives to explain the wave in the Watergate revelations." He Jules Feiffer. Detroit PRDF activists ple and union organizations. case at their membership meetings. explained that "one of the aims of our sold $70 worth of buttons at a recent "The lawsuit filed by Leonard Bou­ The AFSCME local donated $25. suit is to uncover still-secret govern­ meeting for Senator George McGovern. din . . . on behalf of the Socialist PRDF has recently sent a special ment documents which will certainly To contribute to PRDF, to arrange Workers Party and the Young Social­ letter to trade unions and union of­ implicate other government officials." for a speaker, or to order the Feiffer ist Alliance can play an important ficials across the country asking for During Arnall's visit to Houston re­ button, send in the coupon below. role in the defense of civil liberties their support. Recent endorsers from ports of his tour were carried by both in the United States." the labor movement include Richard daily newspapers, the Post and Chron­ ------Clip and send to: Political Rights De­ With this resolution, the California Longoria, director, Colorado United icle; the University of Houston Cou­ fense Fund, 150 Fifth Ave., Suite 311, State Executive Board of Social Ser­ Farm Workers Organizing Committee; gar; two major TV stations; and four New York, N.Y. 10011. Telephone: vices Union Local 535, AFL~CIO, Jim Besson, director Boston United radio stations. (212) 691-3270. voted support to the Political Rights Farm Workers Organizing Committee; Both Arnall 11-nd Syd Stapleton, the ·Defense Fund (PRDF), the civil lib­ and Paula Reimers, vice-president, De­ PRDF national secretary on tour on ( ) Please send me more information erties group publicizing the socialists' troit Local 2000, American Federa­ the West Coast, are also raising funds on this suit. suit against illegal government W ~ter­ tion of Teachers. for the defense effort. Prominent PRDF ( ) Enclosed is 50 cents for one Feif­ gate-style harassment. As part of the nationwide drive in endorsers have sent out an appeal for fer button. (25 cents each on orders of The SWP and YSA are suing Rich­ support of the SWP suit, PRDF rep­ contributions to meet the estimated 10 or more.) ard Nixon and other present and past resentatives also secured resolutions $40,000 in legal and publicity ex­ ( ) I would like to arrange a meet­ government officials in an effort to of support from the Wayne State Uni­ penses this year. ing for a PRDF speaker to explain stop such illegal harassment as wire­ versity Student-Faculty Council and Signers of the appeal are Philip Ber­ the case to my school or organization. tapping, mail tampering, bombing, the Marshall University student gov­ rigan, Reverend Dan Berrigan, former ( ) Enclosed is $ to help cover and burglary. The plaintiffs also ask ernment in Huntington, W. Va. The attorney general Ramsey Clark, New expenses. Name ______~--- that the attorney general's "subversive" Marshall students contributed $20 to York Times Review of Books editor Address ______list be ruled unconstitutional. the defense fund. John Leonard, former senator Eugene City ______The Detroit Welfare Workers Union At the University of Houston, PRDF McCarthy, playwright Arthur Miller, State ______Zip _____ and the Wayne State University (De- National Field Secretary Michael Ar- Dr. Benjamin Spock and Ms. editor

16 If you like Nixon, you'll love Ford By BAXTER SMITH The nomination of Gerald R. Ford to succeed Spiro Agnew as vice-president has been hailed by Democrats and Republicans alike. Even many liberals applauded the choice. Sen­ ator Edward Kennedy said that Ford has had "an outstanding career." Senator Edmund Muskie, who Ford attacked before a meeting of Zionist leaders in 1971 for being "soff' toward Arab in­ terests, said Ford was "a choice I can support without reservation." Ford's nomination caught many by surprise. Bourgeois news analysts called him a "little-known man." The New York Times editors were more accurate though when on Oct. 14 they described him as a "supremely loyal rounder-up of Republi­ can votes for Administration measures." Gerald Rudolph Ford has long been a close friend of Nixon, supporter of his politics, and barometer of the administration in the House. The night of his selection, he told a Time maga­ zine correspondent, "The President and I always have had a high identity philosophically." Racist, antilabor, and for the Vietnam war, Zi­ onism, and big business, Jerry- as he's better known to congressional chums- is the logical choice for the spot. A taste for corruption? Research shows that Ford has drunk from the cup of corruption. Unlike his new boss, though, his cup hasn't yet runneth over. Vice-presidential nominee Ford with the late Senator Everett Dirksen. 'Trust and confidence' is more of a problem Ford is linked to the ITT scandal. ITT Presi­ than ever for the White House. dent Harold Geneen revealed he met with Ford in March 1972 to discuss the "serious consequences" of the Justice Department's pursuit of antitrust vio­ state .of Michigan. At that time, several court cases terming them "inflationary." lations. Geneen asked Ford to use some influence. had ordered busing in some Michigan communities, Most recently he led the House opposition to the Ford, long a prominent Republican organizer including Detroit. minimum wage bill. In April he opposed a House and spokesman, at the time of his meeting with Ge­ In March 1972, Ford voted for the Omnibus stopgap measure against inflation to temporarily neen was in line for the post of chairman of the Education Amendment which barred the use of fed­ roll back prices, rents, and some interest rates as Republican national convention (he got the job). eral funds for busing or federal pressure for use "unrealistic." ITT had pledged to help finance the convention of state or local funds for busing. Ford, of course, loyally supported all wage in return for a "favorable settlement" of three anti­ A year earlier he stirred attention when he got control measures. At the beginning of Phase 3, trust suits against it. into a rhubarb with William Clay, the Black repre­ he congratulated Nixon, calling his "timing excel­ Like Nixon, Ford has been quiet about reporting sentative from Missouri. He attacked Clay, who lent, given the progress we have made thus far some of his campaign funding. For example, he had called Agnew "seriously ill" and "an intellec­ in achieving economic stability.... " "forgot" to tell of $11,500 in contributions from tual sadist" for slandering Black leaders. Ford Ford has vigorously opposed any legislation oil interests, bankers, and stock brokers to his stated he "never heard such language in the House" that would limit or control corporate interests. In 1970 reelection campaign. and demanded an apology. Clay replied, "Gerald 1972 he opposed a much-needed amendment to It was also revealed that in 1968 Ford was Ford suffers from the same illness Agnew suffers tlie Water Pollution Control Act to provide $24- instrumental in getting a job at the Treasury De­ from." billion to clean up the nation's waters and require tight industrial controls on pollution. Last July partment for G. Gordon Liddy, Watergate burg­ Prowar and for detente lar. At the time, Liddy was figuring to unseat he opposed a $20,000 ceiling on government sub­ Ford is a strong supporter of the Nixon ad­ Representative Hamilton Fish (R-N. Y.). Ford sidies to big farmers as "academic." ministration's policy in Southeast Asia, often dub­ helped in getting Liddy "promoted to Washington" In addition, Ford has been a supporter of witch­ bing antiwar House Democrats "unilateral disarm­ as a favor for Fish in the interest of "party unity." hunting and police-repression legislation since com­ ers." ing into office. In March 197 2 he voted for con­ Anti-Black Prior to the Vietnam "peace" accords, Ford con­ tinued funding of the House Internal Security Com­ sistently opposed congressional legislation to by­ Ford has long been a vocal and active opponent mittee. In May 1972 he supported a bill to expand pass the administration and end the war. With of the needs of Blacks. He voted against the 1965 the powers and duties of the Subversive Activities the announcement of the accords though, Ford Voting Rights Act, which eventually allowed the Control Board. This year he voted to boost federal stated that this "peace" was "due solely to one man­ massive registration of Black voters in the South, spending for the Law Enforcement Assistance Ad­ the resolute man who is Richard Nixon, the man many for the first time. Since then he has support­ ministration. And in 1970 Ford led a movement with the courage to do what was necessary and ted numerous amendments to undercut this law. to impeach Supreme Court Justice William 0. Doug- right." In January 1972 he lent support to a constitu­ las. · Although he supported a Nixon-engineered tional amendment to prohibit all school busing. Although a newcomer to the team, Ford's record "peace" in Vietnam, he opposed a bill in June to He brought the amendment to the House floor shows he's not entering like a typical first-year cut off funding for the bombing of Cambodia. rookie. Now a big-league player, Gerald R. Ford with the familiar racist justification, "There should The measure, which had come from the Senate, be no forced busing of school children great dis­ will be a faithf\).1 lapdog and guardian of capital­ drew a caustic response from Ford. Nixon said tances from their homes to achieve racial balance." ist interests at home and abroad. he would veto any bill requiring a cut-off before Ford was speaking on behalf of the administration Aug. 15. Ford told the House the Senate had been as well as racist opponents of busing in his home wrong in its antiwar votes in the past. He de­ r ' clared, "I'm not going to succumb at the last min­ ute to people who have been wrong all the time." A real labor hater Ford has been an ardent cold warrior. But when Gerald R. Ford's antilabor record speaks the signal was given that Nixon favored detente, for itself: Ford was right on the heels of his master. Of e In February 1972 he voted to break Nixon's trip to China, he said, it "will be singu­ theW est Coast dock strike. larly significant in the pursuit of world peace." e He voted to reject a $4-billion two-year Following Nixon's invitation, Ford got into a funding of OEO programs in 1972. spate of public backbiting with some Senate lead­ e He opposed a bill that would have sig­ ers. It seems they were invited to Peking and Ford nificantly boosted federal funding of health­ wasn't, and his feelings were hurt. But Peking, care insurance premiums for federal employ­ in a friendly gesture, later invited Jerry too. ees, including postal workers. Detente or no detente, however, Ford has long e He opposed a bill to authorize $3-mil­ been a prime mover of administration-backed war lion to the District of Columbia transit system appropriations bills as well as aid to reactionary to avoid a fare increase. regimes and military dictatorships. In June 1972, e He opposed an amendment on an HEW at Nixon's request, he sponsored legislation in the bill to provide $15-million for bilingual edu­ House for $11-billion to be spent over the next cation programs. five years to modernize the arms program and e He supported Nixon's veto of the bill develop a supersonic bomber. to amend the Railroad Retirement Act of 1937 While wanting billions to be spent on war mater­ that would have provided a temporary 20 iel, Ford has generally opposed social welfare percent increase in retirement benefits to rail­ Ford, once a star center for the University of Michigan, legislation and bills to benefit the working masses, road workers. replaces Agnew, who has been kicked off the squad.

THE MILITANT/OCTOBER 26, 1973 17 Texas Raza Unida Party looks Teamster officials toward 197 4 state elections By NELSON BLACKSTOCK told The Militant that this gathering beginning of the '74 campaign," said renege on HARLINGEN, Texas-Nearly 200 represented a strengthening of the par­ Compean, "and it will let the party Raza Unida Party activists and or­ ty. At a similar meeting two years ago members around the state know that ganizers discussed gearing up for the . prior to the 1972 campaign, the local we are ready to go." pledge to 197 4 state elections at a weekend con­ party activists were unsure of their Although 197 2 gubernatorial candi­ ference here, which ended Oct. 7. ability to build the party statewide, ac­ date Ramsey Mufiiz has not formally Most of those present were from 25 cording to Compean. In contrast, he announced his intentions to run next UFW counties in south and central Texas. felt party m,embers now were more year, many party activists appear to No decision on selection of candi­ committed to the party and at the assume that he will run again. Both By HARRY RING dates was made. The Chicano party same time confident of their ability Mufiiz and party leader Jose Angel OCT. 16-A top Teamster official received about 6 percent of the vote to run a campaign on both the state­ Gutierrez were sporting "Mufiiz for confirmed today that his union is in the 1972 race for governor, earn­ wide and local level. Governor" buttons left over from the holding up the signing of the peace ing it an automatic slot on the 197 4 "This meeting informally signifies the last campaign. accord agreed to Sept. 28 with the ballot and the right to hold a pri­ United Farm Workers Union. mary as a method of choosing can­ Meanwhile, the UFW said its boy­ didates. The party's state executive cott drive was being expanded. committee must decide by Nov. 5 Weldon Mathis, executive assistant whether the party will select its candi­ to Teamster President Frank Fitz­ dates by primary or at the state con­ simmons, told the Los Angeles Times vention scheduled for Dec. 25-31. ;hey were delaying the signing of the Among those attending the meeting .11greement because it "could leave us here were Raza Unida elected public open to millions of dollars worth of officials from a number of South Tex­ damage suits" from the growers. as counties and small towns. At negotiating sessions with the Local reports were given on party . UFW and AFL-CIO officials, the activity. One speaker from Cameron Teamsters reportedly agreed to re­ County spoke about the fraudulent nounce the sweetheart contracts they character of "nonpartisan" elections. had signed with table-grape growers Such elections, where candidates' in the San Joaquin and Coachella names appear on the ballot without Valleys. They also agreed to renounce party designation, provide a cover some of their phony contracts with let­ for Chicano democrats to hide their tuce growers. party affiliation. All these Teamster sweetheart pacts State Chairman Mario Compean 'This meeting informally signifies the beginning of the '74 campaign ' were signed behind the backs of the workers in collusion with the growers. They were designed to prevent the negotiation of legitimate contracts with the UFW. Repudiation of the sweetheart agree­ ments would greatly facilitate the The case of Jose Calderon UFW's fight to bring the growers to terms. The Teamsters said they consulted La Raza Unida vs Henry B. Gonzales with their lawyers only after making By SKIP BALL by university officials between Gonza- leader Jose Ortega, tried to express the agreement with the UFW and AFL­ In the early spring of 1970 the Uni- les and UMAS members before Gonza- criticisms of Gonzales's political views CIO. It is a matter for conjecture versity of Colorado in Boulder sent -les's scheduled evening talk~ that were made by the Raza Unida whether there is substance to their out a press release applauding the According to an account of the after- Party of Colorado. Calderon, how- claimed legal concerns, or if this is election of Jose Calderon as student noon meeting that appeared in the UC ever, was unable to complete his re- simply an alibi for backing out of body vice-president. Calderon was, for UMAS biweekly paper El Diario, the marks, because Gonzales continually the agreement. the university, a "model," a proof that interrupted him. There are unconfirmed reports that. Chicanos could "make it." The El Diario account of the ex- Fitzsimmons is having second Calderon, now an activist in Greeley, change between Calderon and Gonza­ thoughts about the pact because he Colo., and state cochairman of the les documented the many insults made fears James Hoffa, his principal rival Colorado Raza Unida Party, faces the by the Texas Democrat to those in the union, might exploit a settlement threat of conviction on several mis­ present and showed how Gonzales's in internal union politics. demeanor charges brought by that remarks echoed the racist slurs Chi­ Whether that is the case or not, it is unlikely that the growers have any same university, as well as the threat canos have been subjected to "through­ substantial legal case in seeking en­ of deportation and the loss of a out our years in the American school forcement of contracts that are prod­ teaching job. system." ucts of an illegal conspiracy. The charges against Calderon stem Jess Vigil was recently cleared by In attempting to explain their failure from an incident on Aug. 8 at the a university disciplinary committee of to sign the agreement with the UFW, university. At that time a scheduled the charges brought against him by the Teamsters indicated that they ex­ talk by Mexican-American Congress­ the university. Vigil still faces criminal pect further negotiating sessions to be man Henry Gonzales (D-Texas) was misdemeanor charges, however, as held soon. disrupted by young Chicanos angered does Calderon. AFL-CIO President George Meany by Gonzales's provocative attacks on Calderon says that while "the court said in Miami yesterday that while an the Chicano movement. charges against me are minor, if I agreement had been reached Sept. 28, Although no arrests were made dur­ am convicted, the president of the Uni­ since then "we have had no contact ing the disruption of Gonzales's versity of Northern Colorado, where from the Teamsters, so I do not know speech, university officials later I am now teaching, has threatened if they will consumate the agreement." brought charges against both Calde­ El Gallo to get me fired." Meanwhile, Jose G6mez, an ad­ ron and Jess Vigil. Vigil is an activist Colorado Raza Unida Party leader Jose Calderon notes that the clearing of ministrative official of the United in the UC chapter of the United Calderon faces charges stemming from Vigil by the university committee is Farm Workers, told The Militant that campus meeting with Congressman Hen­ proof of his own innocence. Mexican-American Students (UMAS) the union now has nearly a thousand ry B. Gonzales. Calderon, who is a naturalized U.S. and student body co-president. people building the boycott movement citizen, also says that a conviction on It has become clear that the uni­ in more than 40 cities. He said there the charges against him, or even the versity filed its criminal charges had previously been more than 300 existence of these charges on his against Calderon and Vigil not be­ students wanted Gonzales to change people working on the grape and let­ record, could be used as a pretext cause they were leaders of the disrup­ the topic of his scheduled talk to deal tuce boycott, and that in the past to deport him. The FBI has informed tion, but because they are leaders of with questions raised about his sup­ weeks well over 500 striking farm port for the Rodino bill and his re­ him that a complaint has been filed the Chicano movement. In a speech to workers had gone out across the coun­ the summer graduating class, UC fusal to take a stand on other issues against his status as a naturalized try to join them. of importance to Chicano activists. citizen. President Frederick Thieme called the "The boycott is becoming stronger Calderon is asking all those who Aug. 8 incident a violation "of aca­ The Rodino bill, approved by the and more intense every day," G6mez demic freedom" by "neanderthal grunts House and pending in the Senate, oppose this attempt to victimize him said. "We've declared no kind of mora­ of Chicano power." would facilitate the deportation of to endorse his defense. For further torium or cease-fire on the boycott." The case against Calderon is based Mexicans and Chicanos without proof information write Northern Colorado on a brief speech he gave during the of U. S. citizenship. Chicano Liberation Defense Com­ occupation of the stage and his pres­ Calderon, who was at the afternoon mittee, 919 A St., Greeley, Colo. ence at an afternoon meeting arranged meeting at the invitation of UMAS 80631.

18 Frame-up_ conviction will be ai}P-_ealed Carlos Feliciano sentenced to four years By ANDY FINNEL "Red Squad"), the FBI, and the Puerto Carlos- Ahora" ("Free Carlos- Right NEW YORK- Hundreds of demon­ Rican administration were out to get Now"); "La Independencia-Ahora" strators packed the courtroom here Feliciano for his political activities. ("Independence- Right Now"); and and picketed outside Oct. 12 as Car­ Dunn testified they had conspired to­ "Despierta, Boriqua, Defiende Lo los Feliciano was sentenced to four gether and used illegal Watergate-style Tuyo" ("Wake Up, Puerto Rican, De­ years in prison. spying and harassment tactics against fend What is Yours"). Feliciano, a longtime member of the Feliciano. Maxine Williams, Socialist Workers Puerto Rican Nationalist Party, was The defense asked that all charges Party candidate for Brooklyn bor­ convicted last month in the New York be dropped, since the police witnesses ough president, joined the picket line. county court in Manhattan for pos­ had presented conflicting testimony session of firearms (a starting pistol), and no real evidence, and because the Commenting on the four-year sen­ possession of a bomb and an un­ court had coerced the jury into re­ tence, Father Garcia, spokesperson for named explosive substance, and pos­ turning a guilty verdict. Judge Arnold the Committee to Defend Carlos session of a blasting cap. Fraiman denied all defense motions Feliciano, called it a partial victory. His lawyer, William Kunstler, has to have the verdict set aside. District Attorney John Patton had filed an appeal, and Feliciano is now asked for 35 years. Garcia said out on bail. One hundred and fifty of Feliciano's a massive letter-writing ca~paign Feliciano was found not guilty of supporters filled the hearing room in helpe!i prevent a longer sentence. basically the same charges in Bronx the Criminal Court Building. Another The Committee to Defend Carlos county court a year and a half ago. 200, unable to get inside, jammed Feliciano urges . all individuals and Pointing to this fact, attorney Kunst­ the entrance and hall. organizations supporting the indepen­ ler sought to have the present ver­ Outside the building a block-long dence fighter's right to freedom to pro­ dict set aside, contending the case was picket line of more than 250 people test this political frame-up by writing an obvious frame-up brought by the continued from 9 a.m. until 2:30, to Judge Arnold Fraiman, Criminal state "with malice." when sentence was pronounced and Court Building, 100 Center St., New On July 2 this year, police sergeant Feliciano left the court. York, N.Y. 10012. Dunn, a key prosecution witness, testi­ Pickets carried banners and signs, The committee can be contacted at fied that the Bureau of Special Ser­ and chanted slogaps in English and Box 356, Canal Street Station, New FELICIANO: Victim of Watergate-style vices and Investigation (New York's Spanish, including "Libertad Para York, N.Y. 10013. conspiracy. Illinois welfare recipients protest aid cutbacks By DIANE R UPP ganization have also filed suit against special allowances. Although some in the Chicago Daily News: "If a wel­ CHICAGO- Illinois Governor Dan the flat grant system. checks will be slightly larger, recip­ fare family starved under the old sys­ Walker's imposition of a "flat grant" The state claims the flat grant sys­ ients will no longer be able to receive tem, it will continue to starve under welfare system, part of the national tem equalizes payments to welfare re­ special allowances for furniture, cloth­ the flat grant system." attack against people on welfare, has cipients by averaging into the regular ing, special diets (such as for dia­ Walker pushed the new system not gone unopposed. monthly grant • what were formerly betes), moving expenses, back rents, through the Illinois legislature with On Oct. 1, the day the system went rent security deposits, clinic carfare, ease, but widespread opposition from into effect, 225 people demonstrated and adult education. the Black and Latino communities outside the State of Illinois Public Aid Many regular monthly allotments compelled him to call a public hear­ Building here to show their · opposi­ are being lowered. ing on it. tion. Welfare recipients oppose this· The hearing was held in an exclu­ Most of the demonstrators were wel-. scheme and request a 3 to 9 percent sive Chicago hotel, far from where fare recipients, demanding more cost-of-living increase in the monthly welfare recipients live. The state di­ money for the welfare program and allotment and retention of special al­ rector of public aid listened quietly the right of recipients to decid~ their lowances. and said nothing as mothers spoke own needs. They chanted, "VJ alker Walker, who won the gubernatoria1 of children with leukemia, as well as says cut back, we say fight back" race as a maverick liberal Democrat, . forced evictions, and inability to buy and "Flat grant means flat broke; sup­ has declared his intention to clamp decent food. port welfare rights." down on "welfare cheaters." He had The "flat grant" system was then The Illinois Union of Social Ser­ the help of two of California Gover­ instituted, as already decided. vice Employees (IUSSE), which or­ nor Ronald Reagan's assistants, ganizes welfare workers, endorsed the Robert Carlson and Ron Zimdrum, The Oct. 1 demonstration was ini­ protest, and many employees stayed in developing the flat grant program. tiated by the Illinois Welfare Rights away from work to join the picket Many assume this is just Walker's Organization. Other endorsers and lines. A number of local welfare of­ first step in cutting back welfare, as participants in the protest included the fices were also picketed. The state al­ right-winger Reagan has done in IUSSE, Kenwood Community Organ­ leges that in some cases the function­ California. ization, several Hull House Commu­ ing of these offices was severely ham­ Walker's attitude toward poverty­ nity Centers, Operation PUSH, Coa­ pered. stricken welfare recipients was illus­ lition for Jobs and Economic Justice, Members of the Welfare Rights Or- trated by a remark by him quoted and the Socialist Workers Party. U of Wash. workers hit·reclassification scheme By CLARE FRAENZL Board (HEPB), appointed by the gov­ slowdowns, work stoppages, and a the office that day. They also collected SEATTLE-Five hundred non-aca­ ernment to draw up the plan, is also strike, were discussed at the rally. money to send women department em­ demic workers at the University of proposing, to revise pay scales for all Other possibilities, such as seeking a ployees to the meeting. Representatives Washington gathered on the lawn in classified workers. If the new scale is court injunction to halt the reclassifica­ from Seattle-King County National front of the Student Union earlier this adopted, another 30 percent of the tion of women and minority em­ Organization for Women and the UW month to protest a new classification classified staff will .be denied pay in­ ployees, are also being considered. Office of Economic Opportunities for system. creases in January. The new pay rates The campus newspaper, The Daily, Women read statements of support for The reclassification, scheduled to will reduce starting pay for most clas­ ran an editorial urging students to women employees at UW. start Jan. 1, 1974, will affect 14,000 sifications by $80 to $100 a month. support the classified staff and to SROC presented petitions signed by employees in the higher education in­ attend the rally. An adjacent guest UW faculty, staff, and students. A rep­ stitutions in the state of Washington. The UW rally, held Oct. 10, was editorial by the Young Socialist Al­ resentative from the American Federa­ One-half of these work at the Uni­ called by the Staff Rights Organizing liance also urged student support for tion of State, County and Municipal versity of Washington (UW). Committee (SROC), an ad hoc forma­ the UW staff. Employees pointed out the need for a According to the new plan, 2, 600 tion composed largely of unorganized Buses wer.e organized to transport unified statewide classification plan, employees, mostly women and minor­ clerical workers. SROC has compiled UW employees to the HEPB meeting but not the one proposed by the ities, will be reclassified into lower­ and publicized information on the ef­ Oct. 12, where action on the re­ HEPB. paying positions. Those who are re­ fects the reclassification will have on classification plan was schedu-led. Sev­ Despite the angry protest voiced at classified downward ·will, in effect, have UW staff members. This information, eral hundred workers took a vacation the meeting, the board voted to ratify their wages frozen. With current rates along with proposed new classifica­ day or sick leave in order to attend the new classification system. Staff of inflation,· this represents a sub stan­ tions for each employee, has been with­ the meeting. members vowed to continue fighting tialloss of real wages. held by the university. Physics Department faculty members and to return to the next board meet­ The Higher Education Personnel Possible courses of action, including volunteered to answer phones and run ing, which will be held Nov. 16.

JHE MILITANT/OCTOBER 26, 1973 19 In Review REVOLUTIONARY SUICIDE Revolutionary Suicide by Huey P. Eventually he enrolled at Oakland Newton. Harcourt Brace Jovan~ City College (now Merritt College) vich, Inc. New York, J 973. 333 pp. and a whole new episode opened in Cloth $8. 95. his life, through which he grew into Black arid radical consciousness and became the founder and leader of the Anyone picking up a book called Black Panther Party- the most im­ Revolutionary Suicide would probab­ portant organization to emerge out of ly think it was a fire-and-brimstone the Black upsurge in the late 1960s. tract decrying oppression and exploi­ Almost a third of the book deals tation and calling the masses to rise with the 33 months of prison and at dawn. Seeing the name Huey P. jail and the three trials he underwent Newton as author, the prospective on the frame-up charges of killing reader might reasonably expect this one policeman and wounding another book to be a history of the Black the night of Oct. 28, 1967. This sec­ Panther Party, telling where it's been, tion contains the best account any­ where it's at, and where it's going. where of his first trial, in the summer But the reader would be wrong on of 1968, and the legal tactics of New­ both counts. Revolutionary Suicide is ton's defense lawyer, Charles Garry. In the course of his dramatic nar­ rative, Newton shows the lies and fal­ sifications used by the prosecution to Books build the frame-up case against him. After two later trials in which pros­ ecution witnesses began to forget their not a history of the Panthers, but lines and lose credibility, the prosecut­ rather a well-written, fast-moving auto­ or finally dropped the charges~ biography by Newton. In it he de­ Again, for those who are looking scribes the racist. and economic op­ for a political history of the Black pression that surrounded his family, Newton poster in Black Panther head­ Panther Party, a balance sheet on an first in Louisiana and then in Oak­ quarters window, blasted by police bul­ effort to build a Black party, it will land, Calif., after 1945. lets in 1968 attack. not be found in this book. This is NEWTON: Addressing crowd after re­ Newton was born Feb. 17, 1942, unfortunate. lease from prison. in Monroe, La., to Walter and Armelia In their eariy stages, under the im­ Newton. Intermingled with his account of pact of the ghetto rebellions, the Pan­ alizations drawn from surface impres­ Because Walter Newton demanded how the forces of racism and capi­ thers projected organizing some kind sions of ghetto rebellions, the present that white folks respect his humanity, talism shaped the lives of individual of armed struggle in "twos and threes" orientation comes out of attempts by h:e got a reputation as a "crazy nig­ members of his family, Newton re­ to drive the police out of the Black the Democratic Party to maneuver and ger," a trait that figured in shaping counts his experiences in the public community. co-opt radicalizing youth, women, and his son's personality. school system. But while the rebellions had dem­ Blacks and other oppressed nation­ After World War II the Newton fam­ Like most Black youth, he could onstrated the radically transformed alities. Witness McGovern and the rela­ ily joined the mass exodus of Black not swallow the class and race biases consciousness of the community, tive proliferation of Black Democratic people out of the South in search of of education. Nonetheless, the system Black people were not ready for elected officials. opportunity and freedom. They found passed him from grade to grade, and armed struggle against the state. This Newton and the Panthers have been neither. The family simply fled from in the last year of high school he fact, combined with the Panthers' ul­ taken in by these maneuvers. The Pan­ the naked injustice of the South to found himself a "functional illiter­ traleft scheme· of organizing small thers recently ran Bobby Seale as a face more subtle forms of oppression ate." guerrilla bands, led to the isolation Democrat for mayor of Oakland. in the West. "When my friends and I graduated, of the Black Panther Party from the Newton demonstrated this illusion in Newton recalls, "My father's con­ we were ill-equipped· to function in community. The government used this a recent interview in Playboy maga­ stant preoccupation with bills is the society, except at the bottom, even isolation and Panther rhetoric about zine, where he said it is possible to most profound and persistent mem­ though the system said we were edu­ guns to launch a fierce repression turn the capitalist Democratic Party ory of my childhood. We were always cated. Maybe they knew what they against the organization. onto the road of socialism. in debt, always trying to catch up. were doing, preparing us for the After finding themselves at a dead From an early age 'the bills' meant trash heap of society, where we would end, the Panthers moved from an ori­ Neither the ultraleft nor the oppor­ I could not have any of the extra have to work long hours for low entation toward guns to an orientation tunist stages of the Panthers have con­ things I wanted. . . . It killed me a wages." toward the capitalist Democratic Par­ tributed toward the building of a mass little each time they were mentioned, But through the example of his ty- the very political force, along with Black political party....., independent of because I could see the never-ending older brother, Melvin, who attended the Republican Party, responsible for the capitalist parties-capable of or­ struggle and agony my father went college, and the challenging assertion the oppression of Black people and ganizing the struggle for Black con­ through trying to cope with them." of a high school counselor that he the repression of the Panthers. trol of the Black community. It is Although Newton's father was a wasn't "college material," Newton ap­ Newton played a big role in de­ in this light that the Panther experi­ minister, he worked two or three jobs plied himself seriously to the task of veloping both orientations. If the pre­ ence must be assessed. at a time. learning how to read. vious perspective consisted of gener- -DERRICK MORRISON THE ECSTASY OF RITA JOE The Ecstasy of Rita Joe. As per­ and hopefully will be performed in After repeated harassment, entr.ap­ Indians." formed by the Washington Theater other cities. ment, and arrest by the police, she Rita Joe and Jaimie's anger begins Club. Starring Frances Hyland and The Ecstacy of Rita Joe has an un­ lands once again in court There she to point toward the government itself. usual structure. The sequence is encounters the Magistrate, who suc­ At this point J aimie clashes with Rita Chief Dan George. broken by flashbacks, anecdotes, fore­ cinctly scms up the outlook of the Joe's father, Chief David Joe (played shadowings, digressions, and songs, white ruling class: ''We'll get larger by Chief Dan George, who received The Ecstasy of Rita Joe and Other which often jolt the audience. But the prisons and more police in every town acclaim for his role as Old Lodge­ Plays by George Ryga. New Press. precision with which Ryga and the and city across the country! . . . skins in Little Big Man). Chief David Toronto, Canada, J 971. 236 pp. WTC use this ebb and flow technique There is room for disagreement and Joe can't break with the traditions Paper $2.50. strengthens the play's impact. there is room for social change . . . of the reservation, even though he but within the framework of institu­ realizes the dangers of trusting the This angry play by George Ryga ex­ tions and traditions in existence for white authorities. Rita Joe and Jaimie plores the problems of Native Ameri­ the purpose!" hr.ve no such qualms about taking cans and their growing militancy Theatre Rita Joe and her equally proud and action. against their national oppression. rebellious companion, Jaimie Paul, While the play deals specifically with lash out at the "friends of the. Indians" The tragic climax stuns the audi­ the plight of Canadian Indians, the Rita Joe has fled the reservation, but who only try to placate them and side­ ence. Three white men, out "having promotional material put out by the she refuses to be assimilated and track their grievances. Rita Joe rebuffs fun," murder Jaimie and rape and Washington Theater Club featured broken by the white culture she en­ the Priest, who left the Indians with kill Rita Joe. At the funeral ritual, photographs of last spring's occupa­ counters in the city. Unable to hold the white man's Bible in exchange for Rita's sister expresses the feelings of tion of Wounded Knee, underlining a job for long, she is forced into oc­ their land. J aimie destroys the store an increasing number of young N a­ the play's timeliness. casional theft and prostitution for sur­ of Mr. Homer, a pretentious do-good­ tive Americans: "No more!" The play has now left the WTC, vival. er who dishes out crumbs to "our -ERNEST HARSCH

20 Militant 45th Anniversar~ Fund Very good Efforts of Southwest Bureau: response to another reason to contribute Mideast stand By ANDREA MORELL By NANCY COLE The Militant plays an important role in getting Early reports on street sales of the Oct. 19 Militant out the truth about political developments that (front-page headline: "Behind Israeli aggression") the capitalist press does not report. When possible, indicate a very good response. we send reporters to the scene of struggles as soon TH£ MILITANT Almost everywhere, supporters have sold out as they break out, to bring readers firsthand news. of Militants at Arab support activities, and sales On-the-spot stories on the Lip watch factory take­ 1Suooort the farm workers at regular locations have picked up dramatically. over in France and the Presidential elections in The urgency of the Mideast crisis and the re­ Argentina helped our readers keep abreast of these Don't buy scab sponse to The Militant underline the necessity of important international developments. Here in the ordering extra large bundles. United States, our Southwest Bureau has provided lettuce grapes Some of the most outstanding initial sales are reported on page 7. Other good sales spots in­ Andrea Morell is the chairwoman of The Mil­ clude Brooklyn, where 116 were sold from tables in the Arab community and another 95 at Mid­ itant's 45th Anniversary Fund. east-related meetings. Sales director Steve Bloom reports an open at­ readers with much eyewitness reportage of the titude on the Mideast question in all of Brooklyn, Chicano movement and other political develop­ including Brooklyn College, a traditional Zionist ments. stronghold. Forty-two Militants were sold there The cost of such reporting is very high. Con­ in one day. One member of the Brooklyn Young tinuing and expanding the work of the South­ Socialist Alliance, Bennett Satinoff, has already west Bureau and other firsthand coverage is part sold 150 Militants. of our Forty-Fifth Anniversary Fund. We hope In addition to meetings and rallies called in to raise $20,000 by Dec. 15. response to the war, some areas have put their To get a closer look at the work and expenses imagination to work in finding places where peo­ of the Southwest Bureau, I spoke this past weekend ple would be especially interested in The Militant's with Harry Ring, who staffs the bureau in Los coverage. Two supporters in San Francisco sold Angeles, along with Miguel Pendas. Ring spoke 40 by going through small Arab-owned grocery about the development of the bureau and some stores. Twin Cities looked up the schedules of of its activities and plans. One of front pages featured in special anniversary courses related to the Middle East at the University "When we first thought of establishing a bureau book 'The Militant: 45 Years in the Struggle for So­ of Minnesota in order to sell during class breaks. two and_ a half years ago, there were several cialism.' Readers contributing $45 or more to anniver­ A number of people have offered to help in choices for its location. We decided on the South­ sary fund will rec~ive complimentary copy. the sales effort. At a demonstration in San Fran­ west, largely because the Chicano movement was cisco where 40 Militants were sold, an Arab dem­ proving to be one of the most important develop­ onstrator volunteered to sell. A high school stu­ ments in the country," Ring said. dent in New York City called the YSA to help to Colorado to write stories on the Chicano move­ "Since 1971, when we set up the bureau, we've sell because she knew The Militant would be the ment. We have reported consistently on the activity made three trips to Texas and numerous trips only paper to tell the truth. of La Raza Unida parties all over the South­ west, as well as on the Denver-based Crusade Sales of the Oct. 12 issue (see scoreboard) fea­ for Justice. turing the eyewitness account of the coup in Chile "From May to September of this year, Miguel were somewhat lower than those for the past few Militant and I made weeklY., trips to Coachella Valley, weeks. But across the country The Militant found Calif., and later to Delano to cover the United an appreciative response at meetings and rallies Farm Workers' strike. We averaged 300 miles a on Chile. At a Chile teach-in in Seattle, 80 were Fund Drive week on those trips, usually in our '66 Ford." sold; at a demonstration in Chicago, 78; and Ring pointed to the important role The Mili­ both Upper West Side, N.Y., and San Francisco , r I ..j..- .. __ _ tant's coverage of the UFW strike played, both supporters sold 45 at Chile film showings. in getting strike news out and in mobilizing sup­ Sales were hindered once again by the in­ port for the boycott of grapes and lettuce: "Many efficiency of the U.S. postal system. Chicago re­ $20,000 people involved in the movement now look to ceived its bundle late and sold 327 in two days. The Militant for its reportage on strike develop­ And Austin received only one small bundle of ments. The information simply isn't available in 20, which they sold immediately. $16,572 most other papers, certainly not in the capitalist press." In addition to news of the Chicano movement, Militant scoreboard our Southwest Bureau has provided on-the-spot SOLD % coverage of other developments on the West Coast, AREA GOAL SOLD including the Pentagon papers trial and the pro­ LAST WEEK tests of Black sailors on the U.S. S. Constellation. 400 467 117 "Running the Southwest Bureau has been a very Detroit Atlanta 400 443 111 expensive proposition," Ring explained. "It involves Seattle 400 433 108 a good deal of travel, and a lot of telephone calls. Lower Manhattan 450 457 102 For example, we telephoned in all our stoJ;"ies on Amherst 40 40 100 the UFW strike to be sure of including last-minute E. Lansing 40 40 100 developments. This has been a very big expense." Lexington 25 25 100 To continue the work of the Southwest Bureau, Lincoln, Me. 10 10 100 we need your contributions. This week readers Nashville 40 40 100 and supporters sent in $471.70. This means we San Diego 350 350 100 still have to raise $3,427.60 by Dec. 15. Upper West Side 475 442 93 Everyone who donates or pledges $45 or more Bloomington 75 66 88 will receive a complimentary copy of the book, St. Louis 225 194 86 The Militant· 45 Years in the Struggle for So­ Oakland/Berkeley 900 769 85 cialism. This beautifully bound volume, published Denver 375 313 83 in a limited edition, contains reproductions of front Los Angeles 500 403 81 pages from all 45 years of The Militant, eight Columbus 50 40 80 of Laura. Gray's memorable cartoons, and a brief Washington, D.C. 350 275 79 history of the newspaper by former editor Joseph Cleveland 350 268 77 Hansen. Louisville 40 30 75 ------We are pleased to learn that the book was the Philadelphia 375 270 72 Enclosed is my contribution of$ ___ subject of a half-page article in the Oct. 3 Uni­ Madison 50 34 68 I would like to pledge $ monthly for versity of Houston student newspaper, The Daily Boston 700 453 65 the three months of the Anniversary Fund. Cougar. Under the headline "Paper upholds so­ San Francisco 500 323 65 cialism," staff writer Linda Robinson provided read­ Houston 450 280 62 Name ______ers with a historical sketch of The Militant based Brooklyn 450 273 61 on our commemorative volume. Address ______Pittsburgh 300 175 58 Her article captured the spirit of our revolution­ Portland 300 162 54 ary newspaper when she wrote, "The Militant has Twin Cities 425 202 48 City State __ Zip ___ fought for the freedom of workers, black and Chicago 700 327 •47 Make checks payable to The Militant 45th women's liberation and their own freedom to func­ Cincinnati 75 20 27 Anniversary Fund Campaign. Send to 14 tion as a newspaper." Austin 140 20 14 Charles Lane, New York, N.Y. 10014. Help The Militant to continue the struggle. Send TOTAL SOLD LAST WEEK 7,644 us your contribution- in any amount-today. GOAL 9,500

THE MILITANT/OCTOBER 26, 1973 21 only place people are coming.together tiative from the military and not let woman you get to keep working­ is in the separate party organizations. them pick the time and place for the whether there's some real strong 25- ... Agnew For example, in the shantytown weare fight. At the end, there was no middle year-old man waiting to take that Continued from page 3 familiar with, the members of the Com­ ground. Even the military command­ job or not. Everybody gets to work some of his headlines by slapping the munist party, the Socialist party, and ers who were against a coup had with this union. old face. In a 5-2 decision, the court the MIR [Movimiento de Izquierda to withdraw. The class struggle was "Before, Gallo tried to get the strong­ upheld Judge John Sirica's earlier or­ Revolucionaria - Movement of the too sharp. There was no room for est people- the youngest people­ der to turn over to him the secret Revolutionary Left) are still trying to negotiating,c It was the bourgeoisie or whoever he could get that would do White House tapes sought by Water­ carry on resistance against the mili­ the workers. The one who struck first the most work and not talk back. gate special prosecutor Archibald tary. Even in this situation where the would be the victor. Aggie continued, "Gallo's ability to Cox. This decision is certain to be ap­ military control everything, they are treat the workers a certain way pealed to the Supreme Court. If Nixon trying to do something because they changed incredibly with the union. loses there, he will be faced with the are desperate. They are not defeated. When he first got started, Gallo super­ choice of turning over the politically ' They want to do something, but they vised workers on horseback. His sup­ sensitive tapes or openly flouting the don't know what to do. ... Gallo ervisors rode around on horses, court's decision, which would be cer­ Continued from page 24 watching the workers. They certainly tain to raise widespread demands for There are still a lot of guns around. that they shared common problems. can't do that any more!" his impeachment. Now that a new Most of those in the hands of the When the strike came, 120 of the Before the union, Aggie said, the precedent has been established with people were given out by the Socialist 150 regular workers walked out The supervisor would say, "The last one the resignation under pressure of a party. The Communist party had a Mexican workers responded nearly to finish this row gets fired." Or, vice-president, it can be expected that lot of guns but they were all in the 1 00 percent, and more than 7 5 per­ "Everybody from here on back- to­ there will be less public resistance to hands of the bureaucrats. They did cent of the Portuguese workers joined morrow you don't show up because new preceden:ts regarding the presi­ not distribute them among the rank the strike as well. you're too far behind. and file. The ranks did not have any dent-even if, as expected, Congress­ "Well, that definitely doesn't happen military instruction. No defense com­ The union's headquarters is in man Gerald Ford is confirmed as Ag­ any more. Or it didn't while we had new's successor. mittees were formed. They don't know Livingston, a tiny town near Modesto. Aggie· Rose is the field director for the contract. "In other circumstances," Max Frank­ how to use guns. But they do have the Gallo workers' UFW local. "During the year I was here while el wrote in the October 14 New York guns; they have more guns than peo­ we had the contract," she added, "there ple. Aggie grew up in the area and is 1'imes, "in other years, other Presi­ wasn't a single worker fired." dents may have found it possible to There was a rumor going around of Portuguese descent. She is fluent in both Portuguese and Spanish and, Aggie then turned to a point that divert, suppress or ensnarl in legal when I left Chile that the people were on the basis of her own experience in is invariably discussed by farm union­ complexities the charges of extortion, going to fight this week. They were the fields, has a real understanding ists. bribery and · tax evasion that were going to call a general strike and She said, "There's the way the sup­ developed against Vice President Ag­ then start fighting. So there is some · of the workers' problems. Her father owned· a small ranch ervisors talk to the workers. Like one new in Maryland. vanguard left. But I don't think this in nearby Turlock, but it wasn't of them called Manuel Perez a 'son "But Mr. Nixon, it now appears, will happen because the people are of a bitch.' And, through the grievance worked hard to shove his under­ afraid of the military. They are afraid enough to sustain the family. When Aggie was 11 she joined the family procedure, Manuel Perez made him study down the plank, to obliterate they will be fired or executed. in working the harvest in the big near­ apologize. the ghastly symbolism -of his trans­ by ranches. "You know, Manuel Perez didn't get gressions. For the President himself any more money for making this guy Q. What is your opinion about the She completed high school and en­ still faces demands for an explana­ apologize," she said. "But the fact that political conditions before the coup . rolled at California State University tion of the way huge sums of money you have some kind of dignity means were handled in his behalf, of his and what were the alternatives? at Chico. She worked her way through by waitressing at truck stops and you're going to have a real different private gain in business dealings with way of looking at yourself and how cronies, and of his income tax re­ A& W root-beer stands. A. I would say the crunch had to you teach your kids to look at you turns. The President himself may yet "They weren't such good jobs," she come. It was something nobody could and themselves. face the Agnew agony over how long recalled, "but I was ~aking 85 cents avoid. The class struggle had reached "A kid can say, 'My father doesn't the nation's business can be beclouded an hour. It was better than breaking such a pitch that I would say that let any supervisor call him a son of by legal maneuvers to vindicate one your back in the field for two, three a bitch. In the past, my father had man." from their point of view the military dollars a day." had no choice but to act as they did. to put his tail between his legs and After graduating, Aggie taught for let it happen, because if he didn't he'd The people and the workers also re­ awhile at San Francisco State Col­ alized that a decisive confrontation get fired. ' " lege. This was during the 1967 UFW Dignity, human rights, decent living was inevitable. In the last few mass strike at Delano, and she began tak­ and working conditions, representa­ meetings, such as the one on Septem­ ing students down to join the picket­ tion by the union of their choice­ ber 4, they asked Allende to arm them ... Chile ing. She decided to return to the fields. these are what the Gallo workers are because they saw a coup coming. Continued from page J4 After a stint with the Salinas lettuce fighting for. But the reformist parties refused to workers, she volunteered for the and not just the leaders were making see this. They blinded themselves to Gallo assignment because her Portu~ the decisions. I think things could have it. They called everybody ultraleft who guese background would be of value. developed differently if such participa-. warned that a crunch was coming. What did she feel the union had Now available tion could have been achieved. The only way the coup could have been able to do for the Gallo workers Jam,1.ary-June 1973 Militant Q. What is the situation of the cor­ been prevented was if the proletariat during the contract? bound volume and index, dones now? had developed its own power. If it "One thing," she said, "is that there's $10.50. had moved toward this, it would at much less discrimination in hiring. Index only, $1. A. I would say they don't exist any­ least have been able to fight the mili­ With the union hiring hall, old people The Militant, 14 Charles Lane, more. Not as organizations. So the tary on something like more equal get to work, women work. If you're New York, N.Y. 10014. people don't know what to do. The terms. They could have taken the ini- on the seniority list and you're a Socialist Directory ARIZONA: Phoenix: YSA, c/o Steve Shliveck, P. 0. INDIANA: Bloomington: YSA, c/o Student Activities MISSOURI: Kansas City: YSA, c/o Student Activities PENNSYLVANIA: Philadelphia: SWP and Y5A, 1004 Box 890, Tempe, Ariz. 85281. Desk, Indiana University, Bloomington, Ind. 47401. Office, U of Missouri ot Kansas City, 51 00 Rockhill Filbert St. (one block north of Market), Philadelphia, Tucson: YSA, c/o Tim Clennon, 183713th St., Tucson, Indianapolis: YSA, c/o Jerry Crist, 3843 Washington Road, Kansas City, Mo. 64110. Po. 19107. Tel: {215) WAS-4316. Ariz. 85719. Tel: {602) 623-1079. Blvd., Indianapolis, Ind. 46205. St. Louis: SWP and YSA, 4660 Maryland, Suite 17, Pittsburgh: SWP and YSA, 304 S. Bouquet St., Pitts­ CALIFORNIA: Berkeley-Oaldand: SWP and YSA, 1849 KANSAS: Lawrence: YSA, Christopher Starr, c/o St. Louis, Mo. 63108. Tel: (314) 367-2520. burgh, Po. 15213. Tel: {412) 682-5019. University Ave., Berkeley, Calif. 94703. Tel: {415) Dept. of Entomology, University of Kansas, lawrence, NEW JERSEY: New Brunswiclc YSA, Box 445, Wood­ TENNESSEE: Knoxville: YSA, P. 0. Box 8476 Univer­ 548-0354. Kans. 66045. bridge, N.J. 07095. Tel: {201) 634-3076. sity Station, Knoxville, Tenn. 37916. Tel: (615)522-3216. Los Angeles: SWP and YSA, 1107 1/2 N. Western KENTUCKY: Lexington: YSA, P. 0. Box 952, University NEW YORK: Binghamton: YSA, Box 1073, Harpur Memphis: YSA, c/o Maryrose Eannoce, 3681 Win­ Ave., Los Angeles, Calif. 90029. Tel: SWP-{213) 463- Station, lexington, Ky. 40506. College, Binghamton, N.Y. 13901. Tel: {607) 798-4142. chester Pk. Cr. '7, Memphis, Tenn. 38118. Tel: {901) 1917, YSA-{213) 463-1966. MARYLAND: Baltimore: YSA, c/o Dove McKim, 2103 Broaldyn: SWP and YSA, 136 Lawrence St. (at Wil­ 365-2528. Sacramento: YSA, c/o Darren Crown, 2321 'E" St., Belair Rd., Baltimore, Md. 21213. Tel: {301) 732-8996. loughby), Brooklyn, N.Y. ll201. Tel: {212) 596-2849. Nashville: YSA, P.O. Box 67, Station B, Vanderbilt Sacramento, Calif. 95816. Tel: {916) 447-5242. College Parle YSA, University P. 0. Box 73, U of Md., Long Island: YSA, P. 0. Box 357, Roosevelt, l.l., N.Y. University, Nashville, Tenn. 37203. Tel: {615) 292- San Diego: SWP, YSA, ond Militant Bookstore, 4635 College Pork, Md. 20742. 11575. Tel: {516) FR9-0289. . 8827. El Cajon Blvd., San Diego, Calif. 92115. Tel: {714) N- York City- City-wide SWP and YSA, 706 Broad­ TEXAS: Austin: YSA, SWP, Militant .Bookstore, Harriet 280-1292. MASSACHUSmS: Amherst: YSA, R. S. 0. Box 324, way {4th St.), Eighth Floor, New York, N.Y. I 0003. Tubman Hall, 1801 Nueces, Austin, Texas 78701. Tel: San Francisco: SWP, YSA, Militant Labor Forum, U of Mass., Amherst, Mass. 0 I 002. Tel: {212) 982-4966. (512) 478-8602. and Militant Books, 1519 Mission St., Son Francisco, Boston: SWP and YSA, c/o Militant labor Forum, Lower Manhattan: SWP, YSA, and Merit Bookstore, Houston: SWP, YSA, and Pathfinder Books, 3311 Calif. 94103. Tel: (415) 864-9174. 655 Atlantic Ave., Third Floor, Boston, Mass. 02111. 706 Broadway (4th St.), Eighth Floor, Ne.:. York, N.Y. Montrose, Houston, Texas 77006. Tel: (713) 526-1082. San Jose: YSA, c/o Krista Zone, 514 1/2 San Benito Tel: SWP-(617) 482-8050, YSA-{617)482-8051; Issues 10003. Tel: SWP, YSA-(212) 982-6051; MeritBooks­ San Antonio: YSA, c/o P. 0. Box 774, San Antonio, Ave., los Gatos, Calif. 95030. Tel: (408) 354-2373. and Activists Speaker's Bureau {lAS B) and Regional {212) 982-5940. Texas 78202. Santa Barbara: YSA, 712 Bolton Walk *204, Goleta, Committee-{617) 482-8052; Pathfinder Books-(617) Upper West Side: SWP and YSA, 2744 Broadway UTAH: Logan: YSA, P.O. Box 1233, Utah State Univer­ Calif. 93107. 338-8560. {I 06th St.), New York, N.Y. I 0025. Tel: (212) 663- sity, logan, Utah 84321. COLORADO: Denver: SWP, YSA, and Militant Book­ Word>ster: YSA, P. 0. Box 229, Greendale Station, 3000. WASHINGTON, D.C.: SWP and YSA, 1345 E St. store, 1203 California, Denver, Colo. 80204. Tel: (303) Worcester, Mass. 01606. N.W., Fourth Floor, Wash., D.C. 20004. Tel: SWP­ 623-2825. Bookstore open Mon.-Sat., I 0:30 a. m.-7 p.m. MICHIGAN: Detroit: . SWP, YSA, Eugene V. Debs NORTH CAROLINA: Charlotte: YSA, c/o Gene Phil­ {202) 783-2391; YSA-{202) 783-2363. CONNECTICUT: Hartford: YSA, P. 0. Box 1184, Hart­ Hall, 3737 Woodward Ave., Detroit, Mich. 48201. yaw, 1023 Dorm '73 UNCC, Charlotte, N.C. 28213. WASHINGTON: Seattle: SWP, YSA, and Militant lord, Conn. 06101. Tel: (203) 523-7582. Tel: (313) TEI-6135. Tel: (704) 537-3235. Bookstore, 5257 University Way N. E., Seattle, Wash. FLORIDA: Tallahassee: YSA, Box U-6014, Tallahassee, East Lansing: YSA, Second Floor Offices, Union Bldg. OHIO: Bowling Green: YSA, Box 27, U. Hall, Bowling 98105. Hrs. II a. m.-8 p.m., Mon.-Sot. Tel: (206) 523- Fla. 32306. Michigan State University, East Lansing, Mich. 48823. Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio 43402. 2555. GEORGIA: Atlanto: Militant Bookstore, 68 Peachtree MI. Pleasant: YSA, P. 0. Box 98, Warriner Hall, CMU, Cincinnati: YSA, c/o C. R. Mitts, P. 0. Box 32084, Bellingham: YSA, Viking Union Bldg., Western Wash­ St. N. E., Third Floor, Atlanta, Ga. 30303. SWP and Mt. Pleasant, Mich. 48858. Cincinnati, Ohio 45232. Tel: {513) 242-9043. ington State College, Bellingham, Wash. 98225. Tel: YSA, P.O. Box 846, Atlanta, Go. 30301. Tel: (404) MINNESOTA: Minneapolis-St. Paul: SWP, YSA, and Cleveland: SWP and YSA, 4420 Superior Ave., {206) 676-1893. . 523-0610. labor Bookstore, 25 University Ave. S. E., Mpls. 55413. Cleveland, Ohio 44103. Tel: SWP-(216) 391-5553, WEST VIRGINIA: Huntington: YSA, c/o Marshall Uni­ ILLINOIS: Chicago: SWP, YSA, and bookstore, 428 Tel: {612) 332-7781. YSA-(216) 391-3278. versity, Huntington, W.Va. 25701. Tel: {301) 525-6323. S. Wabash, filth Floor, Chicago, Ill. 60605. Tel: (312) St. Cloud: YSA, c/o Atwood Center, St. Cloud State OREGON: Portland: SWP and YSA, 208 S. W. Stark, WISCONSIN: Madison; YSA, c/o James Levitt, 145 939-0737. College, St. Cloud, Minn. 56301. Filth Floor, Portland, Ore. 97204. Tel: (503) 226-2715. N. Butler, Madison, Wis. 53703. {608) 251-5716.

22 Calendar Land or AnANTA WHERE IS THE NEW LEFT TODAY? Speakers: Ia be announced. Fri., Oct. 26, 8:30 p.m. 68 Peachtree Death St., Third Floor. Donation: $J. Ausp: Militant Book­ store. For more information call (404) 523-0610.

BOSTON by Hugo CELEBRATE tHE 45th ANNIVERSARY OF THE MILITANT roots of the AND THE SOCIALIST WORKERS CAMPAIGN '73-74. BANQUET AND RALLY. Speakers: Linda Jenness, 1972 Blanco Socialist Workers Party presidential candidate; John E. Powers Jr., SWP candidate for Boston city council. With an introduction by Peter Camejo. Sat., Oct. 27. 655 Atlantic Ave., Third Floor (opp. $6.95 cloth, $2.45 paper. South Sta.) 6 p.m. refreshments; 7 p.m. smorga .. PATHFINDER PRESS, 410 West St., ·deastWar bard dinner; 8:30 rally. Donation: banquet and rally, New York, N.Y. 10014. $2.50; rally only $1. Ausp: SWP Campaign Committee. ISRAEL: A COLONIAi...SETILER STATE?/by Maxime Rodinson/$4.95, pbk $1.75 For more information call (617) 482-8050. THE JEWISH QUESTION: A Marxist Interpretation/by Abram Leon/$7.95, Calendar and classified ad rates: 75 pbk$2.95 CHICAGO GOVERNMENT BY DECEIT: THE STRUGGLE FOR PO­ cents· per line of 56-character-wide type­ BURNING ISSUES OF THE MIDEAST CRISIS/by Peter Buch/$.40 UliCAL RIGHTS. Speaker: Mike Arnall, national field wriHen copy. Display ad rates: $10 per DOCUMENTS OF THE PALESTINIAN RESISTANCE MOVEMENT/$.40 sec' y of Political Rights Defense Fund. Fri., Oct. column inch ($7.50 if camera-ready ad HOW CAN THE JEWS SURVIVE? A Socialist Answer to Zionism/by George 26, 8 p.m. 428 S. Wabash, Fifth Boor (across from is enclosed). Payment must be included Novack/$.25 Roosevelt Univ.) Donation: $]. Ausp: Militant Forum. with ads. The Militant is published each For more information call (312) 939-0737. LEON TROTSKY ON THE JEWISH QUESTION/$.60 week on Friday. Deadlines for ad copy: MIDE-AST OIL AND U.S. IMPERIALISM/by Dick Roberts/$.35 CLEVELAND Friday,,one week preceding publication, THE TRUTH ABOUT ISRAEL AND ZIONISM/by Nathan Weinstock and Jon BLACK NATIONALIST GOALS IN POLITICAL STRUG­ for classified and display ads; Wednes­ Rothschild/$.25 GLE. Speaker: Brother Diablo, independent candidate day noon, two days preceding publica­ for Cleveland city council in Ward 27. Fri., Oct. 26, tion, for calendar ads. Telephone: (212) 8 p.IJl. 4420 Superior Ave. Donation: $1. Ausp: Mili­ 243-6392. Order from: PATHFINDER PRESS, INC., 410 West Street, New York, N.Y. tant Forum. For more information call (216) 391-5553. 10014 Tel. (212) 741-0690

DENVER EYEWITNESS REPORT ON THE ARGENTINE ELECTION. Speaker: Mirto Vidal, Militant stall writer recently returned from Argentina. Fri., Oct. 26, 8 p. m, 1203 California. Donation: $J. Ausp: Militant Forum. For Sell The more information call (303) 623-2825. IN THE OCT. DETROIT Militant ANGOLA- THE STRUGGLE AGAINST PORTUGUESE Help The Militant get around by tak­ INTERNATIONAL SOCIALIST REVIEW COLONIALISM. Speaker: Charles Simmons, recently ing a regular weekfy bundle to sell on returned from Angola, with a slide presentation. Fri., Oct. 26, 8 p.m. 3737 Woodward Ave. Donation: $J. your campus, at your job, or near Background to the Coup in Chile Ausp: Militant Forum. For more information call (313) where you Iive. The cost is 17 cents TEI-6135. each, and we bill you at the end of each month. HOUSTON I want to take a sales quota of __ . SOCIALIST CAMPAIGN WEEKEND, OCT. 26-27. First session Fri., Oct. 26, 8 p.m. Univ. of Houston, UC Send me a weekly bundle of __. Annex, Pacific Room. The crisis in the US economy: UNlOAD Is socialism the answer? Speakers: Lynn Henderson, Name------Marxist economist; LOu Stern, professor of economics, U. of H. Sat., Oct. 27, II a.m. and 2:30 p.m.: The Address ______impact of feminism on the Chicano movement, Linda Cavazos, MAYO; Gloria Guardiola, Chicana Caucus, NWPC; Kris Vasquez, SWP. Chile: What happ,ened? &: City------Brenda Brdar, YSA; Mario Cantu, director, Ruben Sala­ zar Center; Jorge Bustamante, professor of sociology, State Zip _____ U. ofT. 14 Charles Lane, New York, N.Y. A March to Disaster 1973 CAMPAIGN AND MILITANT 45th ANNIVERSARY 10014 BANQUET. Sat., Oct. 27, 6 p.m. 3311 Montrose, leo­ luring Harry Ring, Southwest Bureau, The Militant; on the'Peacefut Road! Don Fein, SWP candidate lor mayor of Houston; Kris Vasquez, SWP candidate for Houston school board. by Ernesto Gonzalez Tickets: $5. For more information call (713) 526-1082.

LOS ANGELES NIXON VS. THE BILL OF RIGHTS- HOW TO FIGHT THE WATERGATE CRIMES. Speakers: Syd Stapleton, national secretary of Political Rights Defense Fund; SUBSCRIBE. 3 MOS.$1 /1 YR.$5 Dan Styron, national committee member of SWP. Fri., Oct. 26, 8 p.m. 1107 1/2 N. Western Ave. Dono­ INTERNATIONAL SOCIALIST REVIEW, 14 CHARLES lion: $1. Ausp: Militant Forum. For more information LANE, NEW YORK, N.Y. 10014. call (213) 463-1917.

GALA BANQUET TO CELEBRATE THE 45th ANNIVER­ SARY OF THE MILITANT. Sat., Dec. 1. 1107 1/2 N. Western Ave. Gourmet meal, entertainment. Admi .. sian: $6, students $4. For more information call (213) 464-9759. Does capitalism-----..

NEW YORK: UPPER WEST SIDE UNIONS AT COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY-HOW TO OR­ . bugyou? GANIZE AND HOW TO WIN. Speakers: Barbaro Buon­ cristiano, organizer for District 65 unionization cam­ paign; Sue Costello, District 65 union organizer at Join the Barnard; Ruth Cheney, ad hoc committee for orga­ nizing District 65 at Columbia U. Fri., Oct. 26, 8 p.m. 2744 Broadway (105th St.) Donation: $J. Ausp: Mili­ Young tant Forum. For more information call (212) 663-3000. SEAffiE Socialist SEXIST ADVERTISING: TALK AND SLIDE SHOW. Speak­ er: Diane Willett, National Organization lor Women. Fri., Oct. 26,8 p.m. 5257 Univ. Way N.E. Donation: Alliance! $1. Ausp: Socialist Workers Party. For more inlormo­ Hon call (206) 523-2555. The Young Socialist Alliance is a multi-national revolutionary youth organiza­ tion. We stand for fundamentally changing society by fighting against racism, SOCIALIST WORKERS PARTY CAMPAIGN RALLY. Speak­ MILITANT SHOULDER BAG sexism and the exploitation of working people. Our goal is a socialist society, ers: Mirto Vidal, Militant stall writer recently returned Order your Militant carrying bag to· democratically controlled by the majority of people- not by a handful of powerful from Latin America; Craig Honts, SWP candidate for day! Bright yellow canvas bag with bankers and millipnaires. We know that a better world is not only possible, but mayor of Seattle. Sat., Nov. 3, 8 p.m. University red or black lettering. 19x12x9 Tower Hotel, 4507 Brooldyn N. E. Donation: $1.50. is absolutely necessary. Join us in the fighl. For more information call (206) 523-2555. inches deep, with strong shoulder strap. Large enough to carry dozens _I want to join the YSA. TWIN CITIES of Militants plus books, leaflets, etc. TEAMSTER POWER-THEN AND NOW. Speakers: Harry I want more information about the YSA. DeBoer, 1934 strike leader; Marfln Anderson, Socialist -Enclosed is $1 for 6 months (6 issues) of the Young Socialist. Workers Party city council candidate and Teamster. Send me ( Militant shoulder bags Fri., Oct. 26, 8 p.m. 25 University Ave. S. E., Mpls. at $4 each. ( ) Red ( ) Black Donation: $1. Ausp: Militant Forum. For more informa­ Enclosed is $______tion call (612) 332-7781. Name------Name------Address------Address ______~~------WASHINGTON, D.C. City ______C ity ______State------THE MIDEAST CRISIS. Panel discussion. Fri., Oct. 26, Zip ______Phone ______8 p.m. 1345 ESt. N.W., Fourth Floor. Donation: $J. State ______Zip------Ausp: Militant Forum. For more information call (202) 14 Charles Lane, New York, N.Y. 783-2391. 10014 YSA, Box471 Cooper Station, N.Y., N.Y. 10003; (212} 989-7570

THE MILITANT/OCTOBER 26, 1973 23 THE MILITANT

• anr1 By HARRY RING MODESTO, Calif.- The United Farm Workers Union's battle for survival has brought the union up against one of the giants of the American wine industry- Gallo wines. Workers in the Gallo vineyards here have been out on strike since last April, trying to retain their right to be represented by the UFW. - ·Gallo had _signed a contract with the UFW in 1967, urider-threat-of.a boycott, and renewed it in 1970. But this spring the contract expired while the UFW was locked in a struggle against the combined forces of the California table-grape growers and the Teamster officialdom. Gallo strung out renewal negotia­ tions for several months, then broke off the talks and signed a sweetheart agreement with the Teamsters. The Gallo field workers struck. Success story In many respects the Gallo wine company is a true American success story. In the early 1930s, when prohibi­ tion ended, Ernest and Julio Gallo entered the wine business. They had

Teamsters backing out of peace agreement with United Farm Work­ ers. See page 18. Why are these Gallo strikers cheering? Moments before pidure was token, the Livingston, Calif., store they were picketing agreed to stop selling Gallo wines. - grown up around their father's vine­ yard near Modesto in California's San Joaquin Valley. Armed with a couple Gallo TV commercials emphasize factory where grapes are processed Families of as many as five or six of pamphlets from the local library, the family character of the operation. into wine. live in the one-room "apartments." they studied the wine-making process They show Ernest and Julio out in Other California wineries welcome There is no air conditioning for the and instead of selling grapes began the vineyard checking the grapes, then visitors. They offer guided tours and fierce summer heat or heating for selling their own wine. making sure they're aged properly samples of their products. But Gallo, the winter cold. They are infested with The effort was eminently successful. and so on. a no-nonense operation, is patrolled roaches and field mice. Last year Gallo sold 109 million gal­ A visit to Gallo Winery here gives by security cops and nobody gets in The water supply is so polluted that lons of wine- 37.5 percent of total a somewhat different impression. On without an appointment. county health officials have suggested U.S. production. first sight it looks like an oil refinery. Grit, pluck, and vision are axiomat- the families boil their drinking water. Still a family operation, Gallo's fi­ Dominating the scene is an array of -ic in the American success story, and Because they don't charge rent in nancial records are strictly confiden­ 100 giant metal tanks with a storage the Gallo brothers undoubtedly pos­ these slum camps, the Gallo brothers tial But observers estimate last year's capacity of 165 million gallons. The sess these qualities. They also pos­ -who live in a beautiful nearby es­ net profit at $45-million. tanks surround a big modern-looking sess the other indispensable ingredi­ tate- tried to have the striking work­ ents for success-the will and capacity ers evicted. to stomp their competitors and sweat UFW attorneys blocked this move their workers. and countered with a $3.5-million suit for damages to those inflicted with Labor camps the "privilege" of living in these camps. Don't buy Gallo wines! Gallo employs only a few hundred Most of Gallo's workers are origi­ OCT. 15-The AFL-CIO national selling Gallo wines, speak before field workers because the amount of nally from Mexico.- Several years council has not yet acted on the interested groups, and present a grapes it uses now far exceeds the to­ back, the company began bringing UFW application for official sanc­ slide show about their strike. tal production of its own vineyards. in Portuguese workers from the Azores tion for a boycott of Gallo wines. When asking people not to buy It is estimated that Gallo uses almost and tried to pit them against the Mexi­ This is required because the inside Gallo wine, remind them that this 30 percent of the California wine can workers. workers at Gallo are in an AFL­ includes Paisano, Red Mountain, grape crop. The PortUguese workers were gener­ CIO union. "" and Thunderbird. Gallo pop wines On a year-round basis, Gallo hires ally given the better individual homes Meanwhile, the National Student include Boone's Farm, Spafl.ada, about 150 field workers. During the and somewhat better treatment in the Association, student governments, Tyrolia, and Ripple. harvest this increases to about 500. fields. The only Mexicans who got and other campus groups are pro­ In addition, remember that the Most of Gallo's steady workers live to live in the individual ~ousing were moting a boycott of Gallo products. Gallo label does not appear on all in several labor camps operated by those few who were antiunion. Gallo strikers have begun to of its products. But any wine that the company. One compound contains But this didn't accomplish lts pur­ spread out to various cities to pub­ says "Modesto, Calif." on the label individual houses where the conditions pose. There is sufficient similarity be­ licize their strike. They will seek is Gallo's since it is the only wine range from passable to poor. The tween Portuguese and Spanish that the the cooperation of the student boy­ company with headquarters in others consist of connected row ~o groups of workers were able to cotters, join in picket lines at stores Modesto. houses. There the conditions are scan­ communicate. They quickly learned ' dalous. Continued on poge 22

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