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Gymnosperm Foliage from the Upper Triassic of Lunz, Lower Austria: an Annotated Check List and Identification Key
Geo.Alp, Vol. 7, S. 19–38, 2010 GYMNOSPERM FOLIAGE FROM THE UPPER TRIASSIC OF LUNZ, LOWER AUSTRIA: AN ANNOTATED CHECK LIST AND IDENTIFICATION KEY Christian Pott1 & Michael Krings2 With 7 figures and 1 table 1 Naturhistoriska riksmuseet, Sektionen för paleobotanik, Box 50007, SE-104 05 Stockholm, Sweden; [email protected] 2 Department für Geo- und Umweltwissenschaften, Paläontologie und Geobiologie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, and Bayerische Staatssammlung für Paläontologie und Geologie, Richard-Wagner-Straße 10, 80333 München, Germany; [email protected] Abstract The famous Lunz flora from Lower Austria is one of the richest and most diverse Late Triassic floras of the Northern He- misphere. The historical outcrops (mainly coal mines) are no longer accessible, but showy fossils can still be collected from natural exposures around the town of Lunz-am-See and from several of the old spoil tips. This paper presents an annotated check list with characterisations of all currently recognised gymnosperm foliage taxa in the Lunz flora. The descriptions are exemplified by illustrations of typical specimens and diagnostic features of the leaf morphology and epidermal anatomy. Moreover, a simple identification key for the taxa based on macromorphological features is provided that facilitates identification of newly collected specimens. 1. Introduction The Carnian (Late Triassic) flora from Lunz in Lo- ments (i.e. reproductive structures) among the fossils wer Austria is one of only a few well-preserved flo- (see e.g., Krasser, 1917, 1919; Kräusel, 1948, 1949, ras from the Alpine Triassic (Cleal, 1993; Dobruskina, 1953; Pott et al., 2010), the most striking feature of 1998). -
La Flora Triásica Del Grupo El Tranquilo, Provincia De Santa Cruz, Patagonia
Asociación Paleontológica Argentina. Publicación Especial 6 ISSN0002-7014 X Simposio Argentino de Paleobotánica y Palinología: 27-32. Buenos Aires, 30-08-99 La flora triásica del Grupo El Tranquilo, provincia de Santa Cruz, Patagonia. Parte VII: Cycadophyta Silvia GNAEDINGER' Abstract. THE TRIASSICFLORAOF THE EL TRANQUILOGROUP, SANTA CRUZ PROVINCE,PATAGONIA.PART VII. CYCADOPHYTA.Plants impressions of the Cycadopsida (sensu lato) from the Upper Triassic El Tranquilo Group are described. This plant group is limited to the genus Pseudocienis and PterophyIlum and comprí- ses: Pseudoctenis fissa Du Toit, Pseudoctenis spaiulata Du Toit and PterophyIlum muliilineaium Shirley from the Cañadon Largo Formation and Pseudoctenis sp. from the Laguna Colorada Formation. They are very scarcely represented in the flora, slightly more abundant in the Cañadón Largo Formation. Key words. Cycadophyta, Impressions, Systematics, Upper Triassic, Santa Cruz, Argentina. Palabras clave. Cycadophyta, Impresiones, Sistemática, Triásico Superior, Santa Cruz, Argentina. Introducción tados como Cycadales en tanto que Pterophyllum Brongniart por datos cuticulares de algunas de sus La presente contribución es parte de una serie de- especies se ubica en las Bennettitales. En este caso las dicada al estudio sistemático de la tafoflora del Gru- formas descriptas carecen de materia orgánica pre- po El Tranquilo, e involucra la descripción de las Cy- servada y como no hay evidencia de caracteres cutí- cadophyta. culares en este trabajo son tratadas como Cycadopsí- En la primera parte de esta serie, [alfin y Herbst da en un sentido amplio. (1995), brindan datos estratigráficos y sedimen- tológicos de las unidades portadoras de las plantas que integran el Grupo El Tranquilo (Triásico Supe- Materiales y métodos rior), provincia de Santa Cruz. -
Embryophytic Sporophytes in the Rhynie and Windyfield Cherts
Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh: Earth Sciences http://journals.cambridge.org/TRE Additional services for Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh: Earth Sciences: Email alerts: Click here Subscriptions: Click here Commercial reprints: Click here Terms of use : Click here Embryophytic sporophytes in the Rhynie and Windyeld cherts Dianne Edwards Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh: Earth Sciences / Volume 94 / Issue 04 / December 2003, pp 397 - 410 DOI: 10.1017/S0263593300000778, Published online: 26 July 2007 Link to this article: http://journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0263593300000778 How to cite this article: Dianne Edwards (2003). Embryophytic sporophytes in the Rhynie and Windyeld cherts. Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh: Earth Sciences, 94, pp 397-410 doi:10.1017/S0263593300000778 Request Permissions : Click here Downloaded from http://journals.cambridge.org/TRE, IP address: 131.251.254.13 on 25 Feb 2014 Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh: Earth Sciences, 94, 397–410, 2004 (for 2003) Embryophytic sporophytes in the Rhynie and Windyfield cherts Dianne Edwards ABSTRACT: Brief descriptions and comments on relationships are given for the seven embryo- phytic sporophytes in the cherts at Rhynie, Aberdeenshire, Scotland. They are Rhynia gwynne- vaughanii Kidston & Lang, Aglaophyton major D. S. Edwards, Horneophyton lignieri Barghoorn & Darrah, Asteroxylon mackiei Kidston & Lang, Nothia aphylla Lyon ex Høeg, Trichopherophyton teuchansii Lyon & Edwards and Ventarura lyonii Powell, Edwards & Trewin. The superb preserva- tion of the silica permineralisations produced in the hot spring environment provides remarkable insights into the anatomy of early land plants which are not available from compression fossils and other modes of permineralisation. -
Additional Observations on Zosterophyllum Yunnanicum Hsü from the Lower Devonian of Yunnan, China
This is an Open Access document downloaded from ORCA, Cardiff University's institutional repository: http://orca.cf.ac.uk/77818/ This is the author’s version of a work that was submitted to / accepted for publication. Citation for final published version: Edwards, Dianne, Yang, Nan, Hueber, Francis M. and Li, Cheng-Sen 2015. Additional observations on Zosterophyllum yunnanicum Hsü from the Lower Devonian of Yunnan, China. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 221 , pp. 220-229. 10.1016/j.revpalbo.2015.03.007 file Publishers page: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.revpalbo.2015.03.007 <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.revpalbo.2015.03.007> Please note: Changes made as a result of publishing processes such as copy-editing, formatting and page numbers may not be reflected in this version. For the definitive version of this publication, please refer to the published source. You are advised to consult the publisher’s version if you wish to cite this paper. This version is being made available in accordance with publisher policies. See http://orca.cf.ac.uk/policies.html for usage policies. Copyright and moral rights for publications made available in ORCA are retained by the copyright holders. @’ Additional observations on Zosterophyllum yunnanicum Hsü from the Lower Devonian of Yunnan, China Dianne Edwardsa, Nan Yangb, Francis M. Hueberc, Cheng-Sen Lib a*School of Earth and Ocean Sciences, Cardiff University, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, UK b Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China cNational Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington D.C. 20560-0121, USA * Corresponding author, Tel.: +44 29208742564, Fax.: +44 2920874326 E-mail address: [email protected] ABSTRACT Investigation of unfigured specimens in the original collection of Zosterophyllum yunnanicum Hsü 1966 from the Lower Devonian (upper Pragian to basal Emsian) Xujiachong Formation, Qujing District, Yunnan, China has provided further data on both sporangial and stem anatomy. -
Coevolution of Cycads and Dinosaurs George E
Coevolution of cycads and dinosaurs George E. Mustoe* INTRODUCTION TOXICOLOGY OF EXTANT CYCADS cycads suggests that the biosynthesis of ycads were a major component of Illustrations in textbooks commonly these compounds was a trait that C forests during the Mesozoic Era, the depict herbivorous dinosaurs browsing evolved early in the history of the shade of their fronds falling upon the on cycad fronds, but biochemical evi- Cycadales. Brenner et al. (2002) sug- scaly backs of multitudes of dinosaurs dence from extant cycads suggests that gested that macrozamin possibly serves a that roamed the land. Paleontologists these reconstructions are incorrect. regulatory function during cycad have long postulated that cycad foliage Foliage of modern cycads is highly toxic growth, but a strong case can be made provided an important food source for to vertebrates because of the presence that the most important reason for the reptilian herbivores, but the extinction of two powerful neurotoxins and carcin- evolution of cycad toxins was their of dinosaurs and the contemporaneous ogens, cycasin (methylazoxymethanol- usefulness as a defense against foliage precipitous decline in cycad popula- beta-D-glucoside) and macrozamin (beta- predation at a time when dinosaurs were tions at the close of the Cretaceous N-methylamine-L-alanine). Acute symp- the dominant herbivores. The protective have generally been assumed to have toms triggered by cycad foliage inges- role of these toxins is evidenced by the resulted from different causes. Ecologic tion include vomiting, diarrhea, and seed dispersal characteristics of effects triggered by a cosmic impact are abdominal cramps, followed later by loss modern cycads. a widely-accepted explanation for dino- of coordination and paralysis of the saur extinction; cycads are presumed to limbs. -
This Article Appeared in a Journal Published by Elsevier. the Attached Copy Is Furnished to the Author for Internal Non-Commerci
This article appeared in a journal published by Elsevier. The attached copy is furnished to the author for internal non-commercial research and education use, including for instruction at the authors institution and sharing with colleagues. Other uses, including reproduction and distribution, or selling or licensing copies, or posting to personal, institutional or third party websites are prohibited. In most cases authors are permitted to post their version of the article (e.g. in Word or Tex form) to their personal website or institutional repository. Authors requiring further information regarding Elsevier’s archiving and manuscript policies are encouraged to visit: http://www.elsevier.com/authorsrights Author's personal copy International Journal of Paleopathology 4 (2014) 1–16 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect International Journal of Paleopathology jo urnal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ijpp Invited Commentary Plant paleopathology and the roles of pathogens and insects a,b,c,d,∗ b,1 Conrad C. Labandeira , Rose Prevec a Department of Paleobiology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20013, USA b Department of Geology, Rhodes University, P.O. Box 94, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa c College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China d Department of Entomology and BEES Program, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 29742, USA a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t Article history: Plant pathologies are the consequence of physical and chemical responses by plants to invasive microor- Received 1 June 2013 ganisms or to imbalances in nutritional or environmental conditions. -
Apa 1065.Qxd
AMEGHINIANA (Rev. Asoc. Paleontol. Argent.) - 42 (2): 377-394. Buenos Aires, 30-06-2005 ISSN 0002-7014 Las tafofloras triásicas de la región de los Lagos, Xma Región, Chile Rafael HERBST1, Alejandro TRONCOSO2 y Jorge MUÑOZ3 Abstract. THE TRIASSIC TAPHOFLORAS FROM THE LAKE DISTRICT, XTH REGION, CHILE. A list of the fossil plants, in some cases with their description, from the Panguipulli and Tralcán Formations, from the lo- calities Licán Ray, Punta Peters and Cerro Tralcán, from the Lake District (72º15’ S and 39º30’/39º45’ W), Xth Region, Chile, is presented. The flora is composed of 27 species of the following genera: Hepatica in- det., Neocalamites, Asterotheca, Cladophlebis, Gleichenites, Dicroidium, Johnstonia, Lepidopteris, Pterophyllum, Pseudoctenis, Sphenobaiera, Ginkgoites, Phoenicopsis, Rissikia, Heidiphyllum, Gen. et sp. indet., Linguifolium and Taeniopteris; a new species of Astrerotheca and two new species of Pterophyllum are also described. The quantitative composition of the three localities is analyzed showing that they are quite different, in spite of being of similar age and geographically close to each other; it is suggested that the difference is basically paleoenvironmental. Resumen. Se da a conocer la composición florística y la descripción de algunas especies de tres tafofloras de la región de los Lagos del sur de Chile, provenientes de las localidades de Licán Ray, Punta Peters y cerro Tralcán (72°15’ S - 39°30’/39°45’ O), que forman parte de las Formaciones Panguipulli, las dos pri- meras, y Tralcán, la última. La flora se compone de 27 especies incluidas en los géneros: Hepatica indet., Neocalamites, Asterotheca, Cladophlebis, Gleichenites, Dicroidium, Johnstonia, Lepidopteris, Pterophyllum, Pseudoctenis, Sphenobaiera, Ginkgoites, Phoenicopsis, Rissikia, Heidiphyllum, Gen. -
© in This Web Service Cambridge University
Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-88715-1 - An Introduction to Plant Fossils Christopher J. Cleal & Barry A. Thomas Index More information Index Abscission 33, 76, 81, 82, 119, Antarctica 25, 26, 93, 117, 150, 153, Baiera 169 150, 191 209, 212 Balme, Basil 24 Acer 195, 198, 216 Antheridia 56, 64, 88 Bamboos 197 Acitheca 49, 119 Antholithus 31 Banks, Harlan P. 28 Acorus 194 Araliaceae 191 Baragwanathia 28, 43, 72, 74 Acrostichum 129, 130 Araliosoides 187 Bark 67 Actinocalyx 190 Araucaria 157, 159, 160, 164, 181 Barsostrobus 76 Adpressions 3, 4, 9, 12, 38 Araucariaceae 163, 212, 214 Barthel, Manfred 21 Agathis 157 Araucarites 163 Bean, William 29 Agavaceae 192 Arber, Agnes 19, 65 Beania 30 Agave 193 Arber, E. A. Newell 18, 19, 30 ReconstructionofBeania-tree169,172 Aglaophyton 64 Arcellites 133 Bear Island 94, 95 Agriculture 220 Archaeanthus 187, 189 Beck, Charles 69 Alethopteris 46, 144, 145 Archaeocalamitaceae 97, 205 Belgium 19, 22, 39, 68, 112, 129 Algae 55 Archaeocalamites 9799, 100, 105 Belize 125 Alismataceae 194 Archaeopteridales 69 Bennettitales 33, 157, 170, 171, Allicospermum 165 Archaeopteris 39, 40, 68, 69, 71, 153 172174, 182, 211214 Allochthonous assemblages 3, 11 Archaeosperma 137, 139 Bennie, James 24 Alnus 24, 179, 216 Archegonia 56, 135, 137 Bentall, R. 24 Aloe 192 Arctic-Alpine flora 219 Bertrand, Paul 18 Alternating generations 1, 5557, 85 Arcto-Tertiary flora 117, 215, 216 Bertrandia 114 Amerosinian Flora 96, 97, 205, Argentina 3, 77, 130, 164 Betulaceae 179, 195, 215 206, 208 Ariadnaesporites 132 Bevhalstia 188 Amber, preservation in 7, 42, 194 Arnold, Chester 28, 29, 67 Binney, Edward 21 Anabathra 81 Arthropitys 97, 101 Biomes 51 Andrews, Henry N. -
<I>Thismia Aurantiaca
Blumea 63, 2018: 135–139 www.ingentaconnect.com/content/nhn/blumea RESEARCH ARTICLE https://doi.org/10.3767/blumea.2018.63.02.08 Thismia aurantiaca sp. nov. (section Rodwaya, Thismiaceae): First record of the family from Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India with a new species V.S. Hareesh1, J.P. Alappatt 2, M. Sabu1 Key words Abstract Thismia is a mycoheterotrophic genus in the family Thismiaceae. We report a new family record for Andaman and Nicobar Islands and a new species for India. A detailed description along with conservation assess- Andaman Islands ment, colour photos, distribution map, and key to the species from India are provided. new record new species Published on 5 September 2018 Rodwaya Thismia Thismiaceae INTRODUCTION of stamens free from the annulus, but from which it differs in several features. Hence, it is here described as new species Thismia Griff. is a poorly studied mycoheterotrophic genus (Mar in sect. Rodwaya, with colour plates, distribution map, and a & Saunders 2015) belonging to the family Thismiaceae with key to the species from India. 62 taxa (WCSPF 2017) mainly distributed in warm temperate and tropical Asia, eastern and south-eastern Australia, New Thismia aurantiaca Hareesh & M.Sabu, sp. nov. — Fig. 1, 2; Zealand and the neotropics (Govaerts et al. 2007, Kumar et Map 1 al. 2017). The major taxonomic characters used for species delimitation are the mitre, mitral appendages, perianth lobes This species is similar to T. rodwayi but differs from the latter in having and anther morphology, while Merckx & Smets (2014) showed outer perianth lobes 5 times larger than inner perianth lobes (vs sub-equal), that perianth appendages seem to have evolved multiple times broadly triangular recurved outer perianth lobes (vs spathulate, up-curved) independently. -
The Classification of Early Land Plants-Revisited*
The classification of early land plants-revisited* Harlan P. Banks Banks HP 1992. The c1assificalion of early land plams-revisiled. Palaeohotanist 41 36·50 Three suprageneric calegories applied 10 early land plams-Rhyniophylina, Zoslerophyllophytina, Trimerophytina-proposed by Banks in 1968 are reviewed and found 10 have slill some usefulness. Addilions 10 each are noted, some delelions are made, and some early planls lhal display fealures of more lhan one calegory are Sel aside as Aberram Genera. Key-words-Early land-plams, Rhyniophytina, Zoslerophyllophytina, Trimerophytina, Evolulion. of Plant Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York-5908, U.S.A. 14853. Harlan P Banks, Section ~ ~ ~ <ltm ~ ~-~unR ~ qro ~ ~ ~ f~ 4~1~"llc"'111 ~-'J~f.f3il,!"~, 'i\'1f~()~~<1I'f'I~tl'1l ~ ~1~il~lqo;l~tl'1l, 1968 if ~ -mr lfim;j; <fr'f ~<nftm~~Fmr~%1 ~~ifmm~~-.mtl ~if-.t~m~fuit ciit'!'f.<nftmciit~%1 ~ ~ ~ -.m t ,P1T ~ ~~ lfiu ~ ~ -.t 3!ftrq; ~ ;j; <mol ~ <Rir t ;j; w -.m tl FIRST, may I express my gratitude to the Sahni, to survey briefly the fate of that Palaeobotanical Sociery for the honour it has done reclassification. Several caveats are necessary. I recall me in awarding its International Medal for 1988-89. discussing an intractable problem with the late great May I offer the Sociery sincere thanks for their James M. Schopf. His advice could help many consideration. aspiring young workers-"Survey what you have and Secondly, may I join in celebrating the work and write up that which you understand. The rest will the influence of Professor Birbal Sahni. The one time gradually fall into line." That is precisely what I did I met him was at a meeting where he was displaying in 1968. -
An Alternative Model for the Earliest Evolution of Vascular Plants
1 1 An alternative model for the earliest evolution of vascular plants 2 3 BORJA CASCALES-MINANA, PHILIPPE STEEMANS, THOMAS SERVAIS, KEVIN LEPOT 4 AND PHILIPPE GERRIENNE 5 6 Land plants comprise the bryophytes and the polysporangiophytes. All extant polysporangiophytes are 7 vascular plants (tracheophytes), but to date, some basalmost polysporangiophytes (also called 8 protracheophytes) are considered non-vascular. Protracheophytes include the Horneophytopsida and 9 Aglaophyton/Teruelia. They are most generally considered phylogenetically intermediate between 10 bryophytes and vascular plants, and are therefore essential to elucidate the origins of current vascular 11 floras. Here, we propose an alternative evolutionary framework for the earliest tracheophytes. The 12 supporting evidence comes from the study of the Rhynie chert historical slides from the Natural History 13 Museum of Lille (France). From this, we emphasize that Horneophyton has a particular type of tracheid 14 characterized by narrow, irregular, annular and/or, possibly spiral wall thickenings of putative secondary 15 origin, and hence that it cannot be considered non-vascular anymore. Accordingly, our phylogenetic 16 analysis resolves Horneophyton and allies (i.e., Horneophytopsida) within tracheophytes, but as sister 17 to eutracheophytes (i.e., extant vascular plants). Together, horneophytes and eutracheophytes form a 18 new clade called herein supereutracheophytes. The thin, irregular, annular to helical thickenings of 19 Horneophyton clearly point to a sequential acquisition of the characters of water-conducting cells. 20 Because of their simple conducting cells and morphology, the horneophytophytes may be seen as the 21 precursors of all extant vascular plant biodiversity. 22 23 Keywords: Rhynie chert, Horneophyton, Tracheophyte, Lower Devonian, Cladistics. -
Devonian As a Time of Major Innovation in Plants and Their Communities
1 Back to the Beginnings: The Silurian- 2 Devonian as a Time of Major Innovation 15 3 in Plants and Their Communities 4 Patricia G. Gensel, Ian Glasspool, Robert A. Gastaldo, 5 Milan Libertin, and Jiří Kvaček 6 Abstract Silurian, with the Early Silurian Cooksonia barrandei 31 7 Massive changes in terrestrial paleoecology occurred dur- from central Europe representing the earliest vascular 32 8 ing the Devonian. This period saw the evolution of both plant known, to date. This plant had minute bifurcating 33 9 seed plants (e.g., Elkinsia and Moresnetia), fully lami- aerial axes terminating in expanded sporangia. Dispersed 34 10 nate∗ leaves and wood. Wood evolved independently in microfossils (spores and phytodebris) in continental and 35AU2 11 different plant groups during the Middle Devonian (arbo- coastal marine sediments provide the earliest evidence for 36 12 rescent lycopsids, cladoxylopsids, and progymnosperms) land plants, which are first reported from the Early 37 13 resulting in the evolution of the tree habit at this time Ordovician. 38 14 (Givetian, Gilboa forest, USA) and of various growth and 15 architectural configurations. By the end of the Devonian, 16 30-m-tall trees were distributed worldwide. Prior to the 17 appearance of a tree canopy habit, other early plant groups 15.1 Introduction 39 18 (trimerophytes) that colonized the planet’s landscapes 19 were of smaller stature attaining heights of a few meters Patricia G. Gensel and Milan Libertin 40 20 with a dense, three-dimensional array of thin lateral 21 branches functioning as “leaves”. Laminate leaves, as we We are now approaching the end of our journey to vegetated 41 AU3 22 now know them today, appeared, independently, at differ- landscapes that certainly are unfamiliar even to paleontolo- 42 23 ent times in the Devonian.