Dal Barocco Al Modernismo) Influenze Sui Metodi, L’Ideologia, I Contenuti E Lo Stile

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Dal Barocco Al Modernismo) Influenze Sui Metodi, L’Ideologia, I Contenuti E Lo Stile (Prof. ssa A. Cipolla) Filologia germanica SSD L-Fil-Let/15 36h LM 37 (6 CFU) I semestre La ricezione dei materiali nordici nelle letterature e nelle accademie europee dei secc. XVIII-XIX (dal Barocco al Modernismo) Influenze sui metodi, l’ideologia, i contenuti e lo stile Interpretazione metafisica/pragmatica del mito I mitografi del XIII sec. Letture dall’Edda di Snorri Skáldskaparmál ‘Dialogo sull’arte poetica’ (Snorri Sturluson, Edda, Skáldskaparmál, ed. A. Faulkes, London, Viking Society, 1998, pp. 1-5) 1 Hann hóf þar frásögn, at þrír Æsir fóru [Bragi] Iniziò a raccontare come tre Æsir, heiman, Óðinn ok Loki ok Hœnir, ok Óðinn, Loki e Hœnir, partirono da casa fóru um fjöll ok eyðimerkr, ok var illt til e viaggiarono per montagne e lande matar. En er þeir koma ofan í dal desolate, e col cibo andava male. A un nakkvarn, sjá þeir øxna flokk, ok taka certo punto, scendendo in una valle, einn uxann ok snúa til seyðis. En er þeir videro dall’alto una mandria di buoi, ne hyggja, at soðit mun vera, röfa þeir presero uno e lo misero a cuocere nel seyðin, ok var ekki soðit. Ok í annat seyðir. Ma quando credettero che dovesse sinn, er þeir röfa soðinn, þá er stund var essere pronto e aprirono la fornace, non liðinn, ok var ekki soðit; mæla þeir þá sín era cotto; e poi riaprirono il forno una ámilli, hverir þetta mun gegna. Þá heyra seconda volta, dopo che era passato un þeir mál í eikina upp yfir sik, at sá, er þar po’ di tempo, ma non era cotto: si sat, kvazk ráða því, er eigi soðnaði á consultarono chiedendosi da che cosa seyðinum. Þeir litu til ok sat þar örn ok potesse dipendere. Allora sentirono eigi lítill. Þá mælti örninn: «Vilit þér gefa parlare, dall’alto di una quercia sulle loro mér fylli mina af øxanum, þá mun soðna teste, e l’essere appollaiato lì sopra diceva á seyðinum». Þeir játa því. Þá lætr hann di essere lui a decidere che l’interno della sígask ór trénu ok sezk á seyðinn ok fornace non cuocesse. Alzarono lo leggr upp þegar it fyrsta lær øxans tveir, sguardo: c’era appollaiata un’aquila, e ok báða boguna. Þá varð Loki reiðr ok non piccola. L’aquila disse: «Se mi darete greip upp mikla stöng ok reiðir af öllu la mia parte del bue, il forno cuocerà!». afli ok rekr á kroppinn erninum. Örninn Accettarono. Allora l’aquila si lasciò bregzk við höggit ok flýgr upp; þá var cadere dall’albero e si posò sul seyðir e föst stöngin við kropp arnarins, en hendr prese prima le due cosce del bue, e poi Loka við annan enda. Örninn flýgr hátt entrambe le spalle. Loki si arrabbiò: svá, at fœtr Loka taka niðr grjót ok urðir afferrò un grosso bastone e colpì con ok viðu; en hendr hans hyggr hann at tutta la forza il dorso dell’aquila. Al slitna munu ór öxlum. Hann kallar ok colpo l’uccello sobbalzò e si levò in volo. biðr allðarfliga örninn friðar, en hann Ma il bastone era incastrato nella schiena segir, at Loki skal aldri lauss verða, nema dell’aquila, e dall’altra parte nelle mani di hann veitti honum svardaga at koma Loki. L’aquila volava a un’altezza tale Iðunni út of Ásgarð með epli sín. En che i piedi di Loki sbattevano in basso Loki vill þat. Verðr hann þá lauss ok ferr sulle pietre, sui massi e sugli alberi, e gli til lags manna sína. Ok er eigi at sinni sembrava che le braccia stessero per sögð fleiri tíðindi um þeira ferð, áðr þeir staccarglisi dalle spalle. Loki si mise a koma heim. implorare ardentemente che l’aquila gli desse tregua, ma quella rispose che non sarebbe stato liberato a meno che non gli avesse giurato di portare Iðunn fuori di Ásgarðr con le sue mele. Loki acconsentì: allora venne liberato e fece ritorno dai suoi compagni. E non si raccontano altri fatti del loro viaggio, prima che tornassero a casa. 2 En at á kveðinni stundu teygir Loki E il giorno pattuito Loki accompagnò Iðunni út um Ásgarð í skóg nokkvorn Iðunn fuori di Ásgarðr, in un bosco, ok segir, at hann hefir fundit epli þau, er dicendole che aveva scoperto delle mele henni munu gripir í þykkja, ok bað, at che le sarebbero sembrate pregiate, la hón skal hafa með sér sín epli ok bera pregò di portare con sé le proprie, per saman ok hin. Þá kemr þar Þjazi jötunn í metterle a confronto: sopraggiunse il arnarham ok tekr Iðunni ok flýgr braut gigante Þjazi, in veste d’aquila, ghermì með ok í Þrymheim til bús síns. Iðunn e volò via con lei in Þrymheimr, En Æsir urðu illa við hvarf Iðunnar ok verso la propria dimora. gerðusk þeir brátt hárir ok gamlir. Þá Ma per gli Æsir la scomparsa di Iðunn fu áttu þeir Æsir þing ok spyrr hverr annan un male, e incominciarono a incanutire e hvat síðarst visi til Iðunnar, en þat var invecchiare. Allora si riunirono in set síðarst, at hón gekk út ór Ásgarði assemblea, e si chiedevano l’uno con með Loka. Þá var Loki tekinn ok fœrr á l’altro quale fosse l’ultima notizia su þingit, ok var honum heitit bana eða Iðunn, e si scoprì che l’ultima volta la si pislum. En er hann varð hræddr, þá era vista uscire da Ásgarðr con Loki. kvazk hann mundu sœkja eptir Iðunni í Allora lo catturarono, lo giudicarono Jötunheima, ef Freyja vill ljá honum nell’assemblea e lo condannarono a valshams, er hón á. essere giustiziato e torturato. Atterrito, Loki giurò che sarebbe andato a cercare Iðunn in Jötunheimir, se Freyja gli avesse prestato la veste di falco di cui era in possesso. Ok er hann fær valshaminn, flýgr hann Indossata la veste di falco, Loki volò a norðr í Jötunheima ok kemr einn dag til nord, in Jötunheimir, e un bel giorno Þjaza jötuns. Var hann róinn á sæ, enn arrivò dal gigante Þjazi. Quello era uscito Iðunn var ein heima. Brá Loki henni í in mare, e Iðunn era sola in casa. Loki le hnotar líki ok hafði í klom sér ok flýgr diede la forma di una noce, la strinse tra sem mest. Enn er Þjazi kom heim ok gli artigli e volò via più svelto che saknar Iðunnar, tekr hann arnarhaminn poteva. Quando Þjazi tornò a casa e si ok flýgr eptir Loka, ok dró arnsug í accorse di Iðunn, indossò la veste flugnum. En er Æsirnir sá er valrinn d’aquila e si alzò dietro a Loki, e batteva flaug með hnotina ok hvar örninn flaug, le ali col tonfo di un’aquila. Gli Æsir, þá gengu þeir út undir Ásgarð ok báru quando videro il falco con la noce e þannig byrðar af lokarspanum, ok þá er dove puntava il volo dell’aquila, uscirono valrin flaug inn of borgina, lét hann sotto Ásgarðr, portando un cumulo di fallask niðr við borgar vegginn; þá slógu trucioli da ardere: il falco sorvolando la Æsirnir eldi í lokarspanuna, en örninn rocca si lasciò cadere lungo le mura. Gli matti eigi stöðva sik, er hann misti Æsir diedero fuoco ai trucioli, ma l’aquila valsins; löst þá eldinum í fiðri arnarins, non riuscì a frenare davanti allo scarto ok tók þá af fluginn. Þá váru Æsirnir nær del falco: le penne presero fuoco e il suo ok drápu Þjaza jötun fyrir innan volo finì. Gli Æsir erano vicini: Ásgrindr, ok er þat víg allfrægt. ammazzarono il gigante Þjazi fuori il recinto di Ásgrindr, e quest’impresa è molto rinomata. 3 En Skaði, dóttir Þjaza jötuns, tók hjálm Ma Skaði, figlia del gigante Þjazi, prese ok brynju ok öll hervápn ok ferr til elmo, corazza e armi al completo e partì Ásgarðs, at hefna föður síns. En Æsir per Ásgarðr, per vendicare suo padre. buðu henni sætt ok yfirbœtr, ok hit Gli Æsir le proposero un patto di fyrsta, at hón skal kjósa sér mann af riconciliazione: per prima cosa aveva Ásum, ok kjósa at fótum ok sjá ekki diritto a scegliersi un marito fra loro, ma fleira af. Þá sá hón eins manns fœtr scegliendo dai piedi, senza vedere altro. forkunnar fagra ok mælti: «Þessa kýs ek, Lei scorse un uomo dai piedi fátt mun ljótt á Baldri». En þat var straordinariamente belli e disse: «Scelgo Njörðr ór Nóatún. Þat hafði hón ok í lui: Baldr non ha niente di brutto!». sættargjörð sinni, at Æsir skyldu þat gera, Invece era Njörðr di Nóatún. Secondo il er hón hugði, at þeir skyldu eigi mega, at patto stipulato, Skaði aveva diritto a hlæja hana. Þá gerði Loki þat, at hann un’altra cosa, che gli Æsir facessero batt um skegg geitar nokkvorrar ok quanto lei non li riteneva capaci di fare, öðrum enda um hreðjar sér, ok létu þau farla ridere. Loki fece così: legò la barba ymsi eptir ok skrækti hvartveggja hátt. Þá di una capra, e all’altro capo il proprio lét Loki fallask í kné Skaða, ok þá hló scroto, e tirarono entrambi e gridavano hón. Var þá gjörr sætt af Ásanna hendi forte. A quel punto Loki si gettò in við hana. Svá er sagt, at Óðinn gerði þat grembo a Skaði e lei scoppiò a ridere. til yfirbóta við Skaða, at hann tók augu Così si concluse la sua riconciliazione Þjaza ok kastaði upp á himin ok gerði af con gli Æsir. Si dice che Óðinn, per stjörnur tvær. risarcirla, prendesse gli occhi di Þjazi e lanciandoli alti in cielo ne facesse due stelle.
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