DOCSLIB.ORG

Sustainable Housing Scoping Study

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Sustainable Housing Scoping Study Funded by the European Union SUSTAINABLE HOUSING ADDRESSING SCP IN THE HOUSING SECTOR SCOPING STUDY SUSTAINABLE HOUSING ADDRESSING SCP IN THE HOUSING SECTOR SCOPING STUDY © 2019 EU Acknowledgement This study was prepared on behalf of the EU SWITCH- Asia Sustainable Consumption and Production Facility (SCPF) by Madeline Schneider, Carolina Borges, Jessica Weir, Anton Barckhausen, Jonas Restle, Mikael P. Henzler from adelphi consult GmbH and Apurva Singh, Isha Sen, Rashi, Suhani Gupta, Shruti Isaar, Gitika Goswami, Zeenat Niazi from Development Alternatives. It was supervised by Puja Sawhney and Arab Hoballah. Its contents are the sole responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the European Union. SCP SCOPING STUDY • SUSTAINABLE HOUSING Table of contents 1 Context ................................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Objective of the study ........................................................................................................ 1 1.2 Definition of sustainable housing ......................................................................................... 3 1.3 Relevance of sustainable housing ....................................................................................... 4 1.3.1 Sustainable housing in the context of the global agenda setting processes .......................... 4 1.3.2 Potential of the housing sector to achieve greenhouse gas (GHG) and energy savings ......... 5 1.3.3 Sustainable housing in the context of SCP............................................................................ 5 2 Current state and trends of sustainable housing in the context of SCP in Asia ............................ 7 2.1 Relevance of sustainable housing in Asia ............................................................................ 7 2.2 Methodological approach of assessment ............................................................................ 9 2.3 Analysis of sustainable housing along the lifecycle of buildings in selected countries ........... 10 2.3.1 Material production ............................................................................................................. 11 2.3.2 Design/Manufacturing ......................................................................................................... 14 2.3.3 Construction ....................................................................................................................... 20 2.3.4 Usage ................................................................................................................................. 28 2.3.5 Recycling ............................................................................................................................ 33 2.4 Analysis of social and environmental aspects of sustainable housing in selected countries .. 37 2.4.1 SDGs and NDCs addressing sustainable housing of selected countries ............................. 38 2.4.2 Affordable Housing ............................................................................................................. 42 2.4.3 District Development ........................................................................................................... 44 2.5 Additional insights on SCP through country briefs ............................................................. 46 2.6 International Best Practices .............................................................................................. 60 3 Assessment and comparison of SCP progress in sustainable housing in selected Asian countries ............................................................................................................................... 70 3.1 Methodology to evaluate SCP progress ............................................................................ 70 3.2 Findings on SCP progress in selected countries ................................................................ 72 3.3 Limitations ....................................................................................................................... 79 4 Conclusion ............................................................................................................................ 80 5 Recommendations ................................................................................................................. 84 6 Bibliography .......................................................................................................................... 86 7 Annex ................................................................................................................................. 109 SCP SCOPING STUDY • SUSTAINABLE HOUSING 7.1 SCP Rating System Indicator Descriptions ...................................................................... 110 7.2 Detailed findings of SCP ratings with reasoning ............................................................... 119 7.3 SCP Sustainable Housing in China ................................................................................. 182 7.4 SCP Sustainable Housing in India ................................................................................... 201 7.5 SCP Sustainable Housing in Kazakhstan ......................................................................... 222 7.6 SCP Sustainable Housing in Kyrgyzstan .......................................................................... 240 7.7 SCP Sustainable Housing in Malaysia ............................................................................. 258 7.8 SCP Sustainable Housing in Mongolia ............................................................................ 276 7.9 SCP Sustainable Housing in Nepal ................................................................................. 294 7.10 SCP Sustainable Housing in Pakistan ........................................................................... 311 7.11 SCP Sustainable Housing in Sri Lanka .......................................................................... 332 7.12 SCP Sustainable Housing in Thailand ............................................................................ 348 SCP SCOPING STUDY • SUSTAINABLE HOUSING List of figures Figure 1: Structure of the scoping study – Schematic overview ................................................................ 2 Figure 2: Overview of NDC submissions related to sustainable housing ................................................... 4 Figure 3: Global energy-related CO2 emissions by sector, 2015 ............................................................... 5 Figure 4: Housing and its impacts on the environment ............................................................................. 6 Figure 5: Distribution of gross domestic product at purchasing power parity, Asia and Pacific region in the world economy .......................................................................................................... 7 Figure 6: Urban population at mid-year, 1950-2050, thousands .............................................................. 8 Figure 7: Domestic material consumption of Asia and the Pacific compared to the global consumption, 1970-2015, million tonnes ............................................................................. 8 Figure 8: Proportion of the population living in slums, %........................................................................... 9 Figure 9: Overview of the methodological approach for the assessment ................................................ 10 Figure 10: Building life cycle stages as considered in the assessment .................................................... 10 Figure 11: Energy cost savings distribution along EPC ........................................................................... 20 Figure 12: Overarching topics relevant for sustainable housing .............................................................. 37 Figure 13: Indicators to evaluate SCP progress in sustainable housing .................................................. 71 Figure 14: Total ranking of focal countries by SCP category ................................................................... 72 Figure 15: Summary of SCP ranking ...................................................................................................... 73 Figure 16: Comparison of the material production category in focal countries with the highest (Pakistan), lowest (China) and average ranking by indicator ....................................... 75 Figure 17: Comparison of two lowest (Kyrgyzstan & Mongolia) and second lowest (China & Nepal) ranked countries by category as % of total achievable points ............................. 76 Figure 18: Comparison of average rating of all focal countries by category as % of total achievable points ................................................................................................................. 77 Figure 19: Comparison of design & manufacturing category with highest (Malaysia), lowest (Mongolia) and average (China) ranking by indicator ......................................................... 78 Figure 20: Overview of key topics of the scoping part of the study ......................................................... 81 Figure 21: Overview of country ranking .................................................................................................. 83 SCP SCOPING STUDY • SUSTAINABLE HOUSING List of tables Table 1: Comparison of energy building codes in selected countries
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Poverty Reduction in Pakistan: the Strategic Impact of Macro and Employment Policies
    Poverty reduction in Pakistan: The strategic impact of macro and employment policies Working Paper No. 46 Moazam Mahmood Policy Integration Department National Policy Group International Labour Office Geneva November 2005 Working papers are preliminary documents circulated to stimulate discussion and obtain comments Copyright © International Labour Organization 2006 Publications of the International Labour Office enjoy copyright under Protocol 2 of the Universal Copyright Convention. Nevertheless, short excerpts from them may be reproduced without authorization, on condition that the source is indicated. For rights of reproduction or translation, application should be made to the Publications Bureau (Rights and Permissions), International Labour Office, CH-1211 Geneva 22, Switzerland. The International Labour Office welcomes such applications. Libraries, institutions and other users registered in the United Kingdom with the Copyright Licensing Agency, 90 Tottenham Court Road, London W1T 4LP [Fax: (+44) (0)20 7631 5500; email: [email protected]], in the United States with the Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923 [Fax: (+1) (978) 750 4470; email: [email protected]] or in other countries with associated Reproduction Rights Organizations, may make photocopies in accordance with the licences issued to them for this purpose. ISBN 92-2-118084-0 (print) 92-2-118085-9 (web pdf) First published 2006 The designations employed in ILO publications, which are in conformity with United Nations practice, and the presentation of material therein do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the International Labour Office concerning the legal status of any country, area or territory or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers.
    [Show full text]
  • Sixtieth Report 1968
    P.A.C. NO. 216 (FOURTH LOK SABHA) SIXTIETH REPORT AppROpRS 41 'ON ACCOUNTS *AILWAYS), AND AUDIT REPORT (RA:LWAYS) 1968 LOX SABXSA SECRETARIAT N Ern .DELfiI. LIST OF AUTHORISED AGENTS FOR THE SALE OF LOK SABRA SECRETARIAT PUBLICATIONS S1. Nunc:of A@nt Nnme'of A&cnt No. %? Et. No. - . I ANDHRA' PRADESH xn. Ch~rlca~Lem~& Com- 30 pany, ror, Mahatma I. ;~ndhri ~nivcrshy Geneivl 8 Gandhi Road, Opposite r Coopcratlve Stora Ltd., Clock Tom, Fort, W.ttoir(vi~ptnam). Bombay. 3. G.R.Lnkshmipathy 'Cherty The Current Book House, 60 and Sons, Gend My- Mwti Lane, Raghunath chants md News Agents, DPdaji Sttett, Bombay-:. Newpet, Qmndragiri, Chinoor District. Deem Book Stall, FCE 65 won Coliego Road, P00nr-4. 3. Wutgn Bod; .Depot, PM Mls. Ushr Book Depot. S Bpypy, Gauhau. 8jlA Chim Razar,l(knn KouS c. Girgnurn Road, Bombay-z BR. Mla. Peoples Book House, 16 Opp. Jaganmohan Palace, Mysoex. 5, Vijrg Stores, Station Road, AnmJ, 17. Information Ccnrre, 6. New Ordq Boot 63 Govemmcnf of hbsthm, Canpmy, EUtr BoJge, Tripolia, Jaipur City. Ahmedsbd-6. at. Nm& C~~WY 44 d.,3, Old fhtrt kbuse 21 ' htr~~t.G~N- 26 . % rj. Wr. MadBooL HOW 1 BB, W Lwr, (5) (f) lt~ignalin,:u It signallingtt . I3 "appointment " "apportionment" 26 compliedlr 6 "a h4adI1 "ma terali seit "ou tlayln;It tldirnentionsfl l1 speciafi cally" Commi s sionI1 "utili sation" llhoulagefl 'teirernessu 5 .t Feletn "all 2 "bogiet'" 27 It drown" 28 surplul" UsurplusN 1 (Thixi Lok Sabha,"I1Third Lok " % jabha) ;lt 3 Six" I* 2 11 1969" " 1959" sub para 2 3.31 7 I% 1,04 lakhsU I% 1.04 lakhsVt 3.53 35 19 at." tlastl ' ' "regradedu 4.3 2 !!regradingn 4.8 16 ''regrading" 4.8 lest "Appendix I 1.
    [Show full text]
  • The Case of the Katchi Abadis (Impermanent Settlements) of Lahore
    How Planning Creates the Unplannable: The Case of the Katchi Abadis (Impermanent Settlements) of Lahore Mina Rafael Arif A Major Paper submitted to the Faculty of Environmental Studies in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master in Environmental Studies York University Toronto, Ontario, Canada, November 30, 2015 ___________________________ Mina Rafael Arif, MES Candidate ____________________________ Dr. Stefan Kipfer, Major Paper Supervisor Abstract This research delves into the role of planning in the Global South with respect to informal settlements. Using a case study of the informal settlements in Lahore, Pakistan, it evaluates the current planning process as a subset of the state- bureaucratic-developer nexus that dominates political structures of postcolonial cities. In an era where socio-spatial politics are increasingly determined by the edicts of neoliberalism and urbanism is defined by the circuits of capital accumulation, planning institutions too form a part of the political power matrix. This research evaluates whether planning as an institution is complicit in the formation and perpetuation of informal settlements in the cities of the Global South. To that end this research highlights the informality of the state apparatus itself which subverts planning paradigms in practices of deregulation, exceptionalism and patronage to profit from the neoliberal financialization of land. It discusses how the multi-planar socio-spatial synergies of the city are reduced to binaries of informal-formal, order-disorder, legal-illegal, to reengineer the urban and rural landscape according to the edicts of global capital. This culminates in violent dispossession, segregation and peripheralization of the poor, complemented by a politics of patronage and common sense used by the state-apparatus to legitimize coercion and violence in the hegemonic administration of space.
    [Show full text]
  • Public to Have Say on BC Parking Woes Wakefield Court, Which Parallels by JOSEPH A
    APR 12 2000 Coach Neff leaves b1g shoes 0 see page 14 --------------~ ~----------~ 'no spring in his step Public to have say on BC parking woes Wakefield Court, which parallels By JOSEPH A. PHILLIPS Longmeadow, seeking additional A public hearing on proposed new postings - and other residents parking restrictions in a neighborhood suggesting restrictions throughout the near Bethlehem Central High School entire neighborhood. tops the agenda at tonight's Bethlehem "But in order to do anything, I have to town board meeting. hold a public hearing," she said. "And, in The proposed law would restrict order to hold a public hearing, I need to parking along know where I'm both sides of headed with all Grantwood Aven­ of this. I can't ue, in the Brook­ I can't just announce at just announce at field development Wednesday across Delaware Wednesday night's meeting night's meeting Avenue from the that I'm banning parking that I'm banning school, to a single parking on all hour between 7:30 on all these streets. these streets." a.m. and 2:30 p.m. Sheila Fuller She will seek on school days - the board's guid- preventing all-day ance, she said, parking by student drivers unable to park on whether to hold additional public in the school's limited lots. hearings aimed at expanding the parking The latest in a series of postings restrictions in Brookfield. approved by the town board since 1996 But, she maintained that restricting for various streets in Brookfield, the parking in the neighborhood would not Grantwood signs were requested by solve the problem of an increasing residents concerned about safety, traffic number of students driving to the high movement and property damage school rather than taking school buses.
    [Show full text]
  • Request for Project/Programme Funding from the Adaptation Fund
    REQUEST FOR PROJECT/PROGRAMME FUNDING FROM THE ADAPTATION FUND The annexed form should be completed and transmitted to the Adaptation Fund Board Sec- retariat by email or fax. Please type in the responses using the template provided. The instructions attached to the form provide guidance to filling out the template. Please note that a project/programme must be fully prepared (i.e., fully appraised for feasi- bility) when the request is submitted. The final project/programme document resulting from the appraisal process should be attached to this request for funding. Complete documentation should be sent to: The Adaptation Fund Board Secretariat 1818 H Street NW MSN P4-400 Washington, D.C., 20433 U.S.A Fax: +1 (202) 522-3240/5 Email: [email protected] 1 PROJECT/PROGRAMME PROPOSAL TO THE ADAPTATION FUND PART I: PROJECT/PROGRAMME INFORMATION Project/Programme Category: Regular Country/Cities: Mongolia/ Ulaanbaatar Title of Project/Programme: Flood Resilience in Ulaanbaatar Ger Ar- eas - Climate Change Adaptation through community-driven small-scale protective and basic-services interventions Type of Implementing Entity: Multilateral Implementing Entity Implementing Entity: UN-Habitat Executing Entity/ies: Programme Execution Unit (PEU) UNOPS, with the Municipality of Ulaanbaatar (MUB) and the Governor’s Office, District Gover- nors and Ger-Communities within Songino- khairkhan, Bayanzurkh and Sukhbaatar Dis- tricts; INGOs and LNGOs; Ministry of Envi- ronment and Tourism (MoET). Amount of Financing Requested: US$ 4.5 million 1. Project Background and Context Mongolia is a landlocked country located in North- east Asia between Russia and China with a total land area of 1,564,116 square kilometres.
    [Show full text]
  • From the Editor in This Issue
    Volume 2 Number 1 June 2004 “The Bridge between Eastern and Western cultures” From the Editor In This Issue • Bronze Age Steppe Archaeology When did the “Silk Road” begin? To silk made its way to the Medi- a considerable degree, the answer terranean world by Han and Roman • The Antiquity of the Yurt depends on how we interpret the times were hardly unique. In short, archaeological evidence about Inner what we see here is a conscious • The Burial Rite in Sogdiana Asian nomads and their relations effort to argue for “globalization” with sedentary peoples. Long- before the advent of the modern • The Caravan City of Palmyra accepted views about the Silk Road global economy. • The Tea and Horse Road in China situate its origins in the interaction between the Han and the Xiongnu Michael Frachetti’s contribution to • Klavdiia Antipina, Ethnographer beginning in the second century BCE, this issue suggests that in learning of the Kyrgyz as related in the first instance in the about the world of nomads, we might Han histories. As the stimulating best start by thinking about local • Mongolia Today recent book by Nicola Di Cosmo networks, not migrations over long reminds us though, if we are to gain distances. Of particular interest here • The Khotan Symposium in London an Inner Asian perspective on the is the possibility that patterns of development of nomadic power we short-distance migration from need to distinguish carefully lowland winter settlements to pastures in the mountains can be Next Issue between the picture drawn from those written sources and what the documented from the archaeological 1 record for earlier millennia.
    [Show full text]
  • Authenticity and Adaptation : the Mongol Ger As a Contemporary Heritage Paradox
    This is a repository copy of Authenticity and Adaptation : The Mongol Ger as a Contemporary Heritage Paradox. White Rose Research Online URL for this paper: https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/110122/ Version: Accepted Version Article: Schofield, Arthur John orcid.org/0000-0001-6903-7395 and Paddock, Charlotte (2017) Authenticity and Adaptation : The Mongol Ger as a Contemporary Heritage Paradox. International Journal of Heritage Studies. pp. 347-361. ISSN 1352-7258 https://doi.org/10.1080/13527258.2016.1277775 Reuse Items deposited in White Rose Research Online are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved unless indicated otherwise. They may be downloaded and/or printed for private study, or other acts as permitted by national copyright laws. The publisher or other rights holders may allow further reproduction and re-use of the full text version. This is indicated by the licence information on the White Rose Research Online record for the item. Takedown If you consider content in White Rose Research Online to be in breach of UK law, please notify us by emailing [email protected] including the URL of the record and the reason for the withdrawal request. [email protected] https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/ Authenticity and Adaptation: The Mongol Ger as a Contemporary Heritage Paradox Charlotte Paddock and John Schofield Department of Archaeology, University of York, UK YO17EP Abstract The Mongol Ger is a transportable felt tent deriving from an ancient nomadic civilization. The structure encapsulates a specific Mongolian nomadic cultural identity by encompassing a way of life based upon pastoral migration, complex familial relationships and hierarchies, and spiritual beliefs.
    [Show full text]
  • National Report of Pakistan for Habitat Iii National
    NATIONAL REPORT OF PAKISTAN FOR HABITAT III Government of Pakistan Ministry of Climate Change, Islamabad, Pakistan June 2015 NATIONAL REPORT OF PAKISTAN FOR HABITAT III Government of Pakistan Ministry of Climate Change, Islamabad, Pakistan June 2015 Table of Contents Preface ix Acknowledgment xi Introducon and Overview xiii Execuve Summary xiv Chapter 1: Urban Demographic Issues and Challenges for a New Urban Agenda 17 1.1 Managing Rapid Urbanizaon 17 1.2 Managing Rural Urban Linkages 18 1.3 Addressing Urban Youth Needs 20 1.4 Responding to the Needs of the Aged 21 1.5 Integrang Gender in Urban Development 21 1.6 Challenges Experienced and Lessons Learnt 22 1.7 Future Challenges and Issues for a New Urban Agenda 22 Chapter 2: Land and Urban Planning: Issues and Challenges for a New Urban Agenda 26 2.1 Introducon 26 2.2 Ensuring Sustainable Urban Planning and Design 26 2.3 Improving Urban Land Management and Addressing Urban Sprawl 27 2.4 Enhancing Urban and Peri-Urban Food Producon 28 2.5 Addressing Urban Mobility Challenges 28 2.6 Improving Technical Capacity to Plan and Manage Cies 29 2.7 Challenges Experienced and Lesson Learnt in Land and Urban Planning 29 2.8 Future Challenges and Issues Under a New Urban Agenda 31 Chapter 3: Environment and Urbanizaon: Issues and Challenges for a New Urban Agenda 33 3.1 Introducon 33 3.2 Addressing Climate Change 33 3.3 Disaster Risk Reducon 34 3.4 Reducing Traffic Congeson 34 3.5 Air Polluon 35 3.6 Challenges Experienced and Lessons Learnt in These Areas 36 3.7 Future Challenges and Issues in Environment
    [Show full text]
  • 1 Revival of Indigenous Practices and Identity in 21St Century Inner Asia
    Revival of Indigenous Practices and Identity in 21st Century Inner Asia Amalia H. Rubin A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Master of Arts in International Studies University of Washington 2015 Committee: Sara Curran Wolfram Latsch Program Authorize to Offer Degree: International Studies 1 © Copyright 2015 Amalia H. Rubin 2 University of Washington Abstract Revival of Indigenous Practices and Identity in 21st Century Inner Asia Amalia H Rubin Chair of the Supervisory Committee: Sara Curran, Ph.D. Associate Professor of International Studies and Public Affairs Scholars and observers have noticed an emerging pattern in the world wherein communities that have suffered a period of cultural and religious repression, when faced with freedom, experience a sudden surge in certain aspects of cultural practice. The most interesting of these are the so-called “involuntary” practices, such as trance, and spontaneous spirit possession. Why is it that, in the period of freedom when many missionary groups, traditional and foreign, arrive to make claims on souls, we see a disproportionate resurgence of indigenous, non-missionary practices? And why especially those practices in which the practitioner has no conscious control? I aim to explore the significance of the revival of indigenous practices, both voluntary and involuntary, their connection to the assertion of cultural identity after a period of intense repression, and their significance to the formation of development and research approaches in such regions. In this paper, I will look at two examples of cultural revival: 3 Böö Mörgöl (commonly referred to as “Mongolian Shamanism” or “Tengerism”) in Ulaanbaatar, Republic of Mongolia, and the revival of Gesar cultural and religious practices in Kham, Tibet, primarily in Yushu, Qinghai province, China.
    [Show full text]
  • FINAL 05-06 Get Start
    Catalog2005 2006 Smart. GETTING STARTED 1 What’s Smart? . Smart Choice. Choosing Clackamas to start your college education is smart. SmartIt means you know the advantages of a personal, high quality education that doesn’t cost a fortune. Smart Move. Spending your freshman and sophomore year at Clackamas is smart. You are taught by highly qualified faculty in small classrooms, rather than graduate students in large lecture halls. Smart Investment. Getting started on your career at Clackamas is smart. The college responds quickly to employment trends and offers a variety of career and technical programs designed to put you to work. Smart Business. State of the art training that benefits both employers and employees is smart. Clackamas has many programs to grow your business and improve your bottom line. You’re Smart. You are looking for programs and opportunities that will enrich your life and your career. You picked the right place. C O M M U N I T Y C O L L E G E Smart.Continued To reach any college office, call 503-657-6958 and dial the extension you want. (Hearing-impaired TTY/TDD 503-650-6649) 2 GETTING STARTED DATES TO REMEMBER 2005-2006 Please check a current Schedule of Classes to confirm these dates. SUMMER TERM 2005 Classes Begin ............................................................................................................... Monday, June 20 Independence Day Holiday (College closed) ................................................................ Monday, July 4 Eight-week session ends..............................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Quantity and Quality of Housing Conditions
    Population of Pakistan: An Analysis of NSER 2010-11 Quantity and Quality of Housing Conditions Government of Pakistan -BISP- - Dignity, Empowerment, Meaning of Life to the most vulnerable through the most scientific poverty database, targeted products and seamless service delivery nationwide. Copyright Benazir Income Support Programme Material in this publication may be freely quoted or re-printed, but acknowledgement is requested, together with a copy of the publication containing the quotation or reprint Researcher: Ms. Rashida Haq Disclaimer: The views expressed in this publication are those of the author and do not necessarily represent the views of Benazir Income Support Programme (BISP) and UNICEF. Quantity and Quality of Housing Conditions Quantity and Quality of Housing Conditions 1 Quantity and Quality of Housing Conditions 2 Quantity and Quality of Housing Conditions TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Introduction……………………………………………………………………………… 05 2. The Housing Scenarios in Pakistan…………………………………………………… 09 3. Empirical Methodology and Data……………………………………………………... 17 4. An Analysis of Housing Conditions in Pakistan……………………………………... 19 4.1 Quantity of Housing………………………………………………………….... 19 4.2 Quality of Housing…………………………………………………………..… 27 5. Conclusions and Policy Recommendations…………………………………………. 31 References………………………………………………………………………………. 33 Appendix List of Tables Table 1: Summary Statistics of Major Housing Features in Pakistan: 1998…………….. 10 Table 2: Trends in Magnitude of Housing Units across Pakistan (millions). ………….... 10 Table 3: Distribution of Rooms in Housing Units in Pakistan (%)………………………... 11 Table 4: Percentage Distribution of Housing Units in Pakistan…………………………... 12 Table 5: Type of Toilet Facilities Used by the Households (%)…………………………... 13 Table 6: Indicators of Housing Consumption in Pakistan…………………………………. 20 Table 7: Distribution of Population by Size of Housing Units…………………………….. 21 Table 8: Percentage Distribution of Housing Units by Size (No of Rooms)…………….
    [Show full text]
  • Building a National Vision for the Right to Housing in Mongolia
    BUILDING A NATIONAL VISION FOR THE RIGHT TO HOUSING IN MONGOLIA MUNGUNTUYA OTGONJARGAL MASTER OF URBAN AND REGIONAL PLANNING UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS FOREWARD I. INTRODUCTION 1.1 Structure of Mongolian Housing System 1.2 Programmatic Intervention 1.3 Deficits and Current Challenges II. GUIDING QUESTIONS AND METHODOLIGY 2.1 How have institutions defined and acted upon housing prob lems in Mongolia? 2.2 What are the current challenges facing the Mongolian housing system? 2.3 What structural and programmatic changes might lead towards a more holistic vision for housing in the future? III. RESULTS 3.1 Defining Mongolia’s Housing Problem 3.2 Dealing with Challenges 3.3 Vision for the Future IV. DISCUSSION 4.1Rethinking the structure of Function of the Mongolian Housing System 4.2 Dealing with Structural Deficits 4.3 Developing National Vision and Standards for the Right to Housing V. CONCLUSION VI. BIBLIOGRAPHY VII. APPENDICES 2 Even before coming to the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign to pursue my master’s degree in urban planning, I was struggling to understand why and how out beloved city- Ulaanbaatar become the most polluted city in the world. It seemed to me that with the resources and opportunities we have as a country and with only three million people, we have a lot of potential to be living much better than we are now. Over the years, I learned that the ways in which our city is designed and formed has a lot to do with current housing issues. This triggered me to learn more about the underlying reasons of current urban development issues, especially housing issues and seek for possible solutions.
    [Show full text]