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National Report of Pakistan for Habitat Iii National NATIONAL REPORT OF PAKISTAN FOR HABITAT III Government of Pakistan Ministry of Climate Change, Islamabad, Pakistan June 2015 NATIONAL REPORT OF PAKISTAN FOR HABITAT III Government of Pakistan Ministry of Climate Change, Islamabad, Pakistan June 2015 Table of Contents Preface ix Acknowledgment xi Introducon and Overview xiii Execuve Summary xiv Chapter 1: Urban Demographic Issues and Challenges for a New Urban Agenda 17 1.1 Managing Rapid Urbanizaon 17 1.2 Managing Rural Urban Linkages 18 1.3 Addressing Urban Youth Needs 20 1.4 Responding to the Needs of the Aged 21 1.5 Integrang Gender in Urban Development 21 1.6 Challenges Experienced and Lessons Learnt 22 1.7 Future Challenges and Issues for a New Urban Agenda 22 Chapter 2: Land and Urban Planning: Issues and Challenges for a New Urban Agenda 26 2.1 Introducon 26 2.2 Ensuring Sustainable Urban Planning and Design 26 2.3 Improving Urban Land Management and Addressing Urban Sprawl 27 2.4 Enhancing Urban and Peri-Urban Food Producon 28 2.5 Addressing Urban Mobility Challenges 28 2.6 Improving Technical Capacity to Plan and Manage Cies 29 2.7 Challenges Experienced and Lesson Learnt in Land and Urban Planning 29 2.8 Future Challenges and Issues Under a New Urban Agenda 31 Chapter 3: Environment and Urbanizaon: Issues and Challenges for a New Urban Agenda 33 3.1 Introducon 33 3.2 Addressing Climate Change 33 3.3 Disaster Risk Reducon 34 3.4 Reducing Traffic Congeson 34 3.5 Air Polluon 35 3.6 Challenges Experienced and Lessons Learnt in These Areas 36 3.7 Future Challenges and Issues in Environment and Urbanizaon that could be 36 Addressed by a New Urban Agenda Chapter 4: Urban Governance and Legislaon: Issues and Challenges for a New Urban Agenda 38 4.1 Introducon 38 4.2 Improving Urban Legislaon 38 4.3 Decenralizaon and Strength of Local Authories 38 4.4 Improving Parcipaon and Human Rights in Urban Development 40 4.5 Urban Safety and Security 41 4.6 Improving Social Inclusion and Equity 41 4.7 Challenges Experienced and Lessons Learnt in Urban Governance and Legistaon 43 4.8 Future Challenges and Issues in Urban Governance and Legislaon that could be 44 addressed by a New Urban Agenda Chapter 5: Urban Economy: Issues and Challenges for a New Urban Agenda 46 5.1 Introducon 46 5.2 Improving Municipal and Local Financing 47 5.3 Strengthening and Improving Access to House Finance 47 5.4 Supporng Local Economic Development 48 5.5 Creang Decent Jobs and Livelihoods 49 5.6 Integrang Urban Economy into Naonal Development 50 5.7 Challenges Experienced and Lessons Learnt in Urban Economy 51 5.8 Future Challenges and Issues in Urban Economy that could be Addressed by a 51 New Urban Agenda Chapter 6: Housing and Basic Services: Issues and Challenges for a New Urban Agenda 53 6.1 Introducon 53 6.2 Slum Upgrading and Prevenon 53 6.3 Improving Access to Adequate Housing 54 6.4 Ensuring Sustainable Access to Safe Drinking Water 55 6.5 Ensuring Sustainable Access to Basic Sanitaon and Drainage 55 6.6 Improving Access to Clean Domesc Energy 56 6.7 Improving Access to Sustainable means of Transport 58 6.8 Challenges Experienced and Lessons Learnt in Housing and Basic Services 58 6.9 Future Challenges and Issues in Housing and Basic Services that could be 59 Addressed by a New Urban Agenda Chapter 7: Indicators 62 7.1 Introducon 62 Chapter 8: Case studies and Policy Documents 64 8.1 Country-Wide Adopon of Pakistan’s Approach to Total Sanitaon 64 8.2 Promoon of Energy Efficient Housing and Heang Technologies in Sindh, KP 65 and GB through BACIP 8.3 Water and Sanitaon Extension Program in GB 65 ii List of Figures Fig. 1.1: Pakistan: Urbanizaon Trends 1990- 2050 19 Fig. 1.2: Pakistan's Populaon Profile 2005 & 2030 20 Fig. 1.3: Pakistan: Falling Income and Rising Unemployment 2001-2009 21 Fig 3.1: Coarse Suspended Parculate Maers in Air PM10 (Parculates Size greater than 10 35 micron), Safe Level: 120 microgram per cubic meter WHO Standards8 Fig.5.1: Pakistan Vision 2025 Steps Envisaged to Boost Development of Economy 50 Fig 6.1: Primary energy supply by source in Pakistan in percentage terms 56 Fig 6.2: Primary energy supply by clean and un-clean source in Pakistan in percentage terms 57 List of Tables Table 1.1: Pakistan: Populaon Growth and Urbanizaon 1981- 2014 17 Table 1.2: Populaon of Major Cies of Pakistan 1981-2010 17 Table 1.3: Cies of the Future 19 Table 4.1: LG Structure and Funcon 2001 39 Table 6.1: Number of Motor Vehicles Registered (in thousand numbers) 58 Table 7.1: Progress of Urban Indicators 62 iii List of Annexes Annex-I List of Major Naonal Policies Related to Urban Issues 74 Annex-II Urban Design and Heritage 75 Annex-III Pakistan Clean Air Program 76 Annex IV Other Urban Environmental Concerns and Achievements 77 Annex-V Laws Enacted by Federal and Provincial Governments since Habitat II 79 Annex-VI Salient Features of Provincial Local Government Acts 2013/2014 82 Annex-VII Current Administrave Setup at the District Level 85 Annex-VIII Comparison of Provincial Local Government Acts 86 Annex-IX Human Rights 88 Annex-X Major Concerns Relang to Terrorism, Crime, Violence and Disasters in Urban 89 Areas Annex-XI Disabled Persons 91 Annex-XII Brief of Provincial Intervenons for Supporng Local Economic Development 92 Relaon of Sanitaon to MDGs Annex-XIII Government's Projects in the Field of Sanitaon 93 Annex-XIV BACIP's Standard Products 94 Annex-XV New Urban Agenda – Proposed Short, Medium & Long Term Acons 96 Annex-XVI 97 iv Acronyms ADB Asian Development Bank EPA Environmental Protecon Agency ADPs Annual Development Programs ERC Emergency Relief Cell AIDP Auto Industry Development FATA Federally Administered Tribal Areas Program FDI Foreign Direct Investment AJK Azad Jammu and Kashmir FERTS Fuel Efficiency in Road Transport AKPBS Aga Khan Planning and Building Sector Services GBIEC Great Britain Informaon, ARI Acute Respiratory Infecons Educaon and Communicaon BACIP Building and Construcon GDP Gross Domesc Product Improvement Program GFF Global Finance Facility BAU Business as Usual GIS Geographical Informaon System BCC Behaviour Change Communicaon GOKP Government of Khyber BISP Benazir Income Support Program Pakhtunkhwa BOD Biological Oxygen Demand GOP Government of Pakistan CAGR Compound Annual Growth Rate GB Gilgit Balstan CBO Community Based Organizaon GCRI Global Climate Risk Index CCB Community Cizens Board GHG Greenhouse Gas CDA Capital Development Authority HBFC House Building Finance CDM Clean Development Mechanism Corporaon CFD Cubic Feet per Day HELP Health Expenditure and Livelihood CLEAN Central Laboratory for Protecon for the Poor Environmental Analysis and H.H. His Highness Networking IEE Inial Environmental Examinaon CLTS Community Led Total Sanitaon ICT Islamabad Capital Territory CNG Compressed Natural Gas IFPRI Internaonal Food Policy Research CPEC China-Pak Economic Corridor Instute DCO District Coordinaon Officer ILO Internaonal Labour Organizaon DFI Development Finance Instuon IMF Internaonal Monetary Fund DFID Department for Internaonal IUCN Internaonal Union for Development, UK Conservaon of Nature and DHA Defence Housing Authority Natural Resources DIABP Dubai Internaonal Award for Best IURD Instute of Urban and Regional Pracces Development, University of D.I. Khan Dera Ismail Khan California Berkeley DRR Disaster Risk Reducon LDA Lahore Development Authority EIA Environmental Impact Assessment KDA Karachi Development Authority v KLM Karachi-Lahore Motorway PEPC Pakistan Environmental Protecon KM Kilo-Meter Council KKB Khuda ki Bas PFCA Provincial Finance Commission KP Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Award KW&SB Karachi Water and Sewerage Board PHATA Punjab Housing and Town Planning LG Local Governments Agency LHW Lady Health Workers PHED Public Health Engineering LNG Liquefied Natural Gas Department LPG Liquefied Petroleum Gas PIDE Pakistan Instute of Development LPP Lodhran Pilot Project Economics MDG Millennium Development Goal PRSP Poverty Reducon Strategy Paper MVE & ETC Motor Vehicle Examinaon and PSLM Pakistan Social and Living Emission Tesng Centers Standards Measurement Survey NDMA Naonal Disaster Management PM Parculate Maer Authority PPP Purchasing Power Parity NDP Naonal Drainage Program PSDP Public Sector Development NEQS Naonal Environmental Quality Program Standards PWP Pakistan Weather Portal NESPAK Naonal Engineering Services R&D Research and Development Pakistan (Pvt.) Limited Rs. Rupees NGO Non-Governmental Organizaon RWASA Rawalpindi Water and Sanitaon NOC No Objecon Cerficate Agency NTCIP Naonal Trade Corridor SACOSAN South Asian Conference on Improvement Program Sanitaon ODF Open Defecaon Free SDP Sustainable Development Plan OPP Orangi Pilot Project SERRA State Earthquake Rehabilitaon Pak EPA Pakistan Environmental Protecon and Reconstrucon Authority Agency SOPs Standard Operang Procedures PAKOSAN Pakistan Conference on Sanitaon SPM Suspended Parculate Maer PAKTRAN Pakistan Transport Project SWM Solid Waste Management PATS Pakistan Approach to Total TARUCCI Tribal Areas Rural to Urban Centres Sanitaon Conversion Iniave PCAP Pakistan Clean Air Program TAVTA Technical and Vocaonal Training PEPA Pakistan Environmental Protecon Authories Act TDP Temporarily Dislocated Persons PEPAC Pakistan Environmental Planning TFP (TDP's) and Architectural Consultants TMA Total Factor Producvity vi TPES Tehsil Municipal Administraon US United Naons Children's Fund UC Total Primary Energy Supply USAID United States UK Union Council United States Agency for UNDP United Kingdom WASA Internaonal Development United Naons Development WASEP Water and Sanitaon Authority UN-Habitat Program Water and Sanitaon Extension United Naons Human Selements WB Program UNFCCC Program WHO World Bank United Naons Framework WSP World Health Organizaon World UNFPA Convenon on Climate Change Bank's Water and Sanitaon United Naons Family Planning Program UNICEF Associaon vii Preface The Naonal Report of Pakistan for Habitat III has been prepared on behalf of the Government of Pakistan in compliance with the UN General Assembly Resoluon No.
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