EST PLENARY SESSION 5 Funding Resilient Transport Infrastructure and Services

Responses to Questions

MUHAMMAD ATHAR DIRECTOR GENERAL TRANSPORT & MASS TRANSIT DEPARTMENT GOVERNMENT OF SINDH, KARACHI PAKISTAN Funding Resilient Transport Infrastructure and Services Discussion points Responses 1. While the frequency Barring some countries, developing economies in Asia and magnitude of natural simply have not been making the kinds of disasters (flood, earthquake, cyclones, landslides, etc.) are on investments in transport infrastructure that are the rise across Asia. To what sufficiently resilient to natural disasters. As far as extent have the developing China is concerned, infrastructure development is countries and cities of Asia made regarded as important component in national budget “resiliency” an important strategy and component of their national and stands at 9% of GDP. Whilst, its significance in budgeting or financing for South Asian and South East Asian countries’ budgets transport infrastructure and is on low side, less than 0.10% and 1% of GDP, services development? respectively, and can be judged from the state of existing infrastructure and current budget allocation. 2. Many developing World Bank estimate indicates that the annual economies of the region have considerable investment, operations and maintenance infrastructure deficit at the requirements for infrastructure would equal 6.5- current level of 7.7% of GDP, across all developing countries urbanization. What are the scopes of financing (both at indicating that there is a large financing gap national and international between actual and required investment for level) options for developing countries of Asia to leverage infrastructure. Due to limited budget and dire their limited budget towards need of infrastructure development and services, building resilient transport the scope of unconventional financing warrants infrastructure and services? great potential. The options could include IFIs, bilateral donors, private sectors (PPP modalities), etc. 3. A resilient city makes In the face of limited budgetary resources, policy itself an attractive destination for investment makers favor investments that generate immediate, and business development. tangible outcomes for political gains. Consequently, To what extent does the local investment in resilient transport infrastructure and and city governments of the region direct financing services remains tepid. Moreover local and city towards resilient transport governments direct financing is very low due to infrastructure and services? their limited financial capability with the exception of few countries, which requires the need for strong revenue base at city government level and dedicated funds available for funding resilient transport infrastructure and services. 4. To what extent do This criterion is not regarded across the Asian countries evaluate the performance of major region in evaluation process. Analysis of the transport projects or effects of disasters on recent social and investments in terms of resiliency? economic performance as part of the evaluation preparation process can provide a starting point in integrating strengthened resilience goals into planning. 5. Private sector are known to The private sector can play an important role in be major custodian of both securing investment in resilience, not only bringing in funds and technologies. What funding but also an understanding of the transport potential opportunities do they infrastructure industry, operating efficiencies, and offer in building next generation products and services that will sustain the latest transport infrastructures technology and innovative, flexible capacity. There towards the path of are a wide range of potential commercial resiliency? To this regard, how opportunities, including infrastructure development, well established are local and service provision, financial services, and information national government policies in and communication technology. In this regard, promoting PPPs towards government policies in the region to promote PPPs development of resilient are in growing stage. Governments can encourage transport infrastructure and participation of private partners by establishing an services? attractive investment climate, including suitable legislative and regulatory frameworks and fiscal incentive. 6. What are the new areas With a little lateral thinking and consideration of or scopes of sustainable indirect rather than direct opportunities to increase business opportunities on resilience in transport system, there is considerable resilient transport system? potential for public–private partnerships. Risk reduction What are the technology and revenue-generating investments can also be dimensions of sustainable combined in a single infrastructure development. business opportunities in areas Financial markets can provide additional private of transport sector resiliency? financing for investment with advanced financial Should Asian countries structuring of the transactions. Research and scientific promote triangular organizations could be welcomed to promote advanced cooperation between technology in transport infrastructure and services. government, private, and Scientific modeling capabilities and well researched scientific and research data would improve and enable better estimation and organizations in the areas of thus better management of disaster risk. transport sector resiliency? Population Projection for Karachi

35

An increase of 30 another 4 million people Projection in KTIP**

25 Projection in KSDP * 2020

20 Current Population

15 Population (Millions) Population

10

5

0 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 Year * Karachi Strategic Development Plan ** Karachi Transportation Improvement Project Source : KTIP 2020 8 World Metropolitan Population

40

35 34.3 Karachi in 2030

30

25.1 24.6 24.1 25 23.5 22.9 22 Karachi Now 20.8 20.2 20 18.8

15 Population (Millions)

10

5

0

 All Metropolises of the world have a Mass Transit System except Karachi.

 So a high demand of good Mass Transit System can easily be understood. 9 Status of Existing Public Transport [Vehicle Count VS Occupancy Comparison]

(Total no. of Vehicles : 3.4 million) 10 KARACHI MASS TRANSIT PLAN

KCR (43 KM), 2 MRT Corridors (41 KM), 6 BRT Lines (92 KM) 11 12 BRT “GREEN” Line SALIENT FEATURES FOR GREEN LINE

• Ridership: 400,000/day • System Capacity: 23000 pphpd • Length: 17 km • Cost: 16 billion

PROJECT FINANCING S # BRT Component Mode of Financing 1. Infrastructure Federal Government Financing Development 2. ITS Public Private Partnership Mode 3. Bus Operations Public Private Partnership Mode BRT GREEN LINE ROUTE ALIGNMENT

15 BRT “ORANGE” Line BUS RAPID TRANSIT SYSTEM

ORANGE LINE

(From TMA Orangi to KDA Chowrangi via Dr. Adeeb Rizvi Road and Sher Shah Suri Road)

Dated: August 26, 2015 SALIENT FEATURES

•Ridership: 50,000/day •System Capacity: 10,000 pphpd •Length: 04.7 km •Cost: 2.364 billion PROJECT FINANCING S # BRT Component Mode of Financing 1. Infrastructure Provincial Government Development 2. ITS Public Private Partnership Mode 3. Bus Operations Public Private Partnership Mode BRT “Yellow” Line

19 BRT Yellow Line – Route Qauidabad to Saddar and Mazar-quaid

Yellow Line Proposed Elevated Structure Proposed Elevated Structure (For Mix Traffic) Proposed Bridge Widening People’s Khudadad BRT (In Mix Traffic) Roundabout Colony At-Grade Station Khalid Bin Waleed Numaish Road Proposed Grade Separated Station

Shah Ahmad Noorani Allah Wali Chowrangi Murtaza Chowrangi CDGK Parking Plaza

Nursery Empress Mansehra Market Colony Regal Kala Pull Bilal Chowrangi Chowk Brooks Chowrangi

FTC Interchange Kh -e- Ittehad Dawood Singer Chowrangi Salient Features BRT Yellow Line Chowrangi DHA More Vita Chowrangi •LENGTH: 26 KM •COST: APPROX 12-14bn Jam Sadiq Bridge •DAILY RIDERSHIP: 150,000 pax Sunset •NO. OF BUSES EQUIRED: 70 Boulevard Chamra Chowrangi •COMPLETION TIME: 18 MONTHS

KPT Interchange 20 SALIENT FEATURES BRT YELLOW LINE LENGTH: 26 KM COST: 16bn DAILY RIDERSHIP: 150,000 pax NO. OF BUSES EQUIRED: 70 COMPLETION TIME: 18 MONTHS PROJECT FINANCING

Public Private Partnership Mode

21 BRT “RED”Line Project BRT RED LINE ROUTE ALIGNMENT

23 SALIENT FEATURES: •Ridership: 350,000/day •System Capacity: 13000 pphpd •Length: 21.5 km •Cost: 12-15billion Feasibility Study Completed. PROJECT FINANCING

Asian Development Bank Funding

24 Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) “BLUE” Line Project BRT Blue Line Route Alignment

Airport Salient Features:

• Ridership: 357,000/day • Length: 54km • The project is being implemented in Public Private Mode as a BRT project convertible to MRT in future.

PROJECT FINANCING

Public Private Partnership Mode KARACHI CIRCULAR RAILWAY (KCR) PROJECT

Salient Features of KCR

43.24 km Route Length (total)

On-ground 15.68 km Elevated 23.86 km Trench 2.28 km Civil & Station Bridge 1.42 km 24 Number of Stations

On-ground 10 Elevated 12 Trench 2 30 Locomotive Electro Mechanical Unit 31