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China-Pakistan Economic Corridor” International Business & Economics Studies ISSN 2640-9852 (Print) ISSN 2640-9860 (Online) Vol. 2, No. 3, 2020 www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/ibes Original Paper Research on China-Pakistan Trade Potential under the Construction of “China-Pakistan Economic Corridor” Muhammad Mughees Hassan1, Jun Chen1*, & Chen yang Zhao1 1 SILC Business School, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China * Jun Chen, SILC Business School, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China Received: May 16, 2020 Accepted: June 8, 2020 Online Published: June 11, 2020 doi:10.22158/ibes.v2n3p1 URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/ibes.v2n3p1 Abstract Pakistan and China’s trade relation have always been good and growing. The trade volume has always been increasing dramatically every year and has come to a point where Pakistan is dependent on the imports from China. Although many researchers have chosen this topic and written, and this topic is also especially important. This research covers the aspect of the relation between China and Pakistan for example Industrial trade, Raw material etc. This research states the problems occurred between trade. Moreover, this thesis will be including empirical analysis and statistical data analysis of both the countries. Also, the study will include the policies and the trading the agreements. The micro and macroeconomics will be discussed and the effect of large imports from China. Trade deficit of Pakistan and the current account deficit will also be discussed. Demand and Supply and favorable government policies are discussed. Keywords trade relationship, macroeconomics, favorable government policies 1. Introduction 1.1 Background China is one of the main trading countries of Pakistan and also its largest trading partner. Both countries are each other’s main exchange participants. Pakistan’s considerable imports of China include things like machinery, chemical products, mineral ores, plastic scrap, and transport machines. Basically, nearly everything is having been imported from China. The trade between China and Pakistan has increases dramatically. But despite huge import from China bilateral trade becomes weak. As mainly everything is being imported from China, but Pakistan exports become less, and we could call that negligible. Bilateral trade in 2019 was reported that imports of China to Pakistan is $12.7 billion US 1 www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/ibes International Business & Economics Studies Vol. 2, No. 3, 2020 Dollars while in contrast Exports from Pakistan to China is $1.85 US Dollars. Such a huge difference does not support stable bilateral trade. To solve this problem, in this report we will discuss the most important ones which have an exceptionally long term and important effect on both the countries. 1.2 Statement of the Problem Every country has its own economic policy but the lower income countries such as Pakistan which is usually called a developing country. The economic policy of Pakistan is not so long term the economic policy is short term and very unstable. Even though Pakistan need China to import good to fulfill its demand. The outcome of that are very swear to the Pakistan economy. Due to the large import volume and small export volume Pakistan is facing a crisis. The main drawback to the economy is that the Pakistan currency which is Pakistani Rupee (PKR) is losing its value in the international market which is very harmful for the country. When Pakistan need dollar, it needs to go to the loan option which in mean the country has to take loan from International Monetary Fund, World Bank or other countries with very good relation which are a few. In the current situation the national debt of Pakistan is 111047 USD Million which is extremely hard or impossible to pay for a country like Pakistan in current conditions. Moreover, every year the debt is increasing because of the massive imports of Pakistan including the government expenditure. Talking about the internal problem is that all out of factories and industries have been shut down due to the cheap good imported from foreign countries. Before those manufacturers has an edge because the imported goods were less in volume but now the competition is extremely hard and the and the manufactures failed to survive in the markets and many people have lost their jobs. Now the whole economy is dependent on Chinese goods. So, it appears that Pakistan’s economy is very artificial and in the hands of foreign investors and under crisis because all the earning of these come is drained to the home country of the foreign investors. 1.3 Objectives of the Study The main objective of this study is to explore how Chinese trade ties with Pakistan affects the country economic growth and what can be done to make it better in the future. The study will also include how the solution to the problems can be implement and current hoe the situation can be made better. 1.4 Significance of the Study The significance of the study is really import, a lot of studies have been conducted on this topic but the uniqueness and the specialty of this topic is that this report includes the policies and the implication of that which on the governances of the government. The framework of data and analysis which make it clear and can be understood by reader easily. The bases of all the information is very realistic, reliable and authentic. 1.5 Methodology Qualitative, Quantitative, Empirical Analysis 2 Published by SCHOLINK INC. www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/ibes International Business & Economics Studies Vol. 2, No. 3, 2020 2. China-Pakistan Trade Status 2.1 Investment State Bank of Pakistan has stated in its Annual Report of 2018 that the total imports of Pakistan are $2.3537 US Dollars while in that China import is $1.591 billion US dollars over half of the imports of Pakistan from China. It becomes 63% of total imports of Pakistan. Moreover, with the starting of CPEC (China Pakistan Economic Corridor) there has been a further increase in the expenditure trend into Pakistan especially in infrastructure and energy sectors. CPEC was initiated by a Committee which was called JCC this committee not only consisted of chairmen of Pakistan which further was supported by 8 Joint Working groups. This committee covered mainly all the aspects of cooperation for example Security, Planning and Finance, Industrial Cooperation, Gwadar, Transport Infrastructure, Energy, Social and Economic Development and International Cooperation. Many other committees have been made for this CPEC such as JWG JCC and much more. 2.2 Energy Cooperation By September 2019 twelve power projects were either completed or were under construction and were nearly to be completed. The total capacity of these projects was 7240 MW and total investment was $12.4 US Billion Dollars. In addition to these 9 more projects were pushed under construction with a total capacity of 6390 MW. CPEC has collected $250 million tax revenue for only Pakistan and even have provided 10,000 jobs to Pakistani people. Moreover, it has accounted for 14.5% of available energy in the National Transmission and Dispatch Company Grid. The JCC has helped solved many of the problems occurring in Pakistan related to the delayed tariffs payments and not only this but also agreed to encourage Advanced Meeting Infrastructure Technology in Pakistan. It was also in accorded that they would continue discussing and concluding the development plans for oil and gas sector which is named Pakistan China Development Plan. These projects were not proposed by Pakistan not China. Let’s discuss which type of projects were disused but Pakistan South North Gas pipeline was finalized and the feasibility of this pipeline. Pakistan’s Refinery limited in Karachi was also Up Graded. In Thar Sindh a Thar Coal programmed was initiated which helped conversion of coal solid into liquid. Moreover, in thar again a Coal gasification program was set up which initiated Fertilizer projects. 2.3 Transport and Infrastructure Cooperation China helped Pakistan complete the Multan to Sukkur part of Peshawar Karachi motorway which was reported to be three ninety-two kilometers long. This was completed before time which is such a good thing for Pakistan. This was inaugurated at JCC as well. After China entered into Pakistan affairs all the projects started to be completing either on time or before time., for examples Havelian Mansera section. Work on reconstructing the Eastbay Expressway and the New Gawadar International Airport was proceeded in the timelines. Many issues were solved related to the Orange Line Mass Transit project in Lahore, but this project is not yet operational, and it is said that it would be operational until March 2020. Both countries China and Pakistan agreed that they would speed up the process of main line of Peshawar Karachi railway project and would also work on the feasibility of the project and also 3 Published by SCHOLINK INC. www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/ibes International Business & Economics Studies Vol. 2, No. 3, 2020 assented to constitute the finance committee. Moreover, the possibility of RMB financing would also be explored. China agreed to Pakistan that it would give in the request of Karachi Circular Railway for more consciousness. Gwadar is believed to be the spot in which all the goods of Afghanistan is being entered in Pakistan. JCC also started a Master Plan on Gawadar Smart Port City which is called Gwadar Smart Port City. The 300MW coal fired power plant was launched and the preparation work was also pushed to make it of fast. China also agreed to dispatch its expert teams in order to implement a 1.2 million gallons of water from the desalination plant this happened early then decided. Gawadar; s free zone had already been granted a lot of concessions already but still it was said that there would a detailed planning’s for the port.
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