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De Oud-Germaanse Religie (§§ 413 – 447) (De Vries) 1

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De Oud-Germaanse Religie (§§ 413 – 447) (De Vries) 1 Dit document vormt een onderdeel van de website https://www.religies-overzichtelijk.nl Hier vindt u tevens de koppelingen naar de andere teksten en de indexen, de toelichtingen en de afkortingen Laatste bewerking: 26-09-2020 [h] De Oud-Germaanse religie (§§ 413 – 447) (De Vries) 1 1 Donar–Thor ...................................................................................................... 4 1.1 De Romeinse bronnen voor Donar ...................................................................... 5 1.1.1 (§ 413-1) De Germaanse god Hercules volgens de interpretatio Romana ................. 6 1.1.2 Epigrafische bronnen voor de Germaanse Hercules ........................................... 7 1.1.2.1 (§ 413-2) Inleiding tot de epigrafische bronnen voor de Germaanse Hercules ........ 8 1.1.2.2 (§ 414) De god Hercules Magusanus ........................................................... 9 1.1.3 (§ 415) De identiteit van de Germaanse god Hercules ...................................... 10 1.2 (§ 416) Het karakter van Donar en zijn verwantschap met andere IE goden ................. 11 1.3 (§ 417) Zuid-Germaanse bronnen voor Donar in de post-Romeinse periode .................. 12 1.4 Noord-Germaanse bronnen voor Thor ................................................................ 13 1.4.1 (§ 418-1) Algemene opmerkingen t.a.v. de Thor-cultus .................................... 14 1.4.2 (§ 418-2) Offers aan Thor ........................................................................ 15 1.4.3 (§ 418-3) De Thor-cultus buiten Scandinavië ................................................. 16 1.4.4 (§ 419) De Thor-cultus bij de Finnen en de Lappen ......................................... 17 1.4.5 Theofore plaatsnamen met ‘Thor’ als eerste lid ............................................ 18 1.4.5.1 (§ 420-1) Natuurplaatsnamen met ‘Thor’ als eerste lid ................................. 19 1.4.5.2 (§ 420-2) Cultusplaatsnamen met ‘Thor’ als eerste lid .................................. 20 1.4.6 (§ 421) Persoonsnamen met ‘Thor’ als eerste lid ............................................ 21 1.4.7 (§ 422) De houding van de Thor-vereerders tegenover hun god .......................... 22 1.4.8 Het karakter van Thor ............................................................................ 23 1.4.8.1 (§ 423) Uiterlijk, woonplaats en bijnamen van Thor ..................................... 24 1.4.8.2 (§ 424) De familierelaties van Thor ......................................................... 25 1.4.9 Het donderwapen van Thor ...................................................................... 27 1.4.9.1 (§ 425-1) Inleiding tot het donderwapen van Thor ....................................... 28 1.4.9.2 (§ 425-2) Archeologische vondsten m.b.t. de donderhamer ............................ 29 1.4.9.3 (§ 425-3) Literatuur m.b.t. hamerteken en –symbool .................................... 30 1.4.9.4 (§ 425-4) Mythologie van het donderwapen ............................................... 31 1.4.9.5 (§ 426) De volkstraditie m.b.t. de donderhamer ......................................... 32 1.4.10 (§ 427) De heilige boom van Thor .............................................................. 33 1.4.11 De dienaar van Thor .............................................................................. 34 1.4.11.1 (§ 428-1) Inleiding tot de dienaar van Thor ............................................. 35 1.4.11.2 (§ 428-2) þjálfi in de West-Scandinavische mythologie ............................... 36 1.4.11.3 (§ 428-3) þjálfi in de Oost-Scandinavische mythologie ............................... 37 1.4.12 De mythologie van Thors strijd met de reuzen .............................................. 38 1.4.12.1 (§ 429-1) Inleiding tot de mythologie van Thors strijd met de reuzen ............. 39 1.4.12.2 De mythe van Thors slachting van Hymir ............................................... 40 1.4.12.2.1 (§ 429-2) Het thema van de mythe van Thors slachting van Hymir ............. 41 1.4.12.2.2 (§ 429-3) Inhoud van de mythe van Thors slachting van Hymir en zijn plaats in IE verband ............................................................................................. 42 1.4.12.3 De mythe van Thors slachting van Hrungnir ............................................ 43 1.4.12.3.1 (§ 430-1) Inhoud van de mythe van Thors slachting van Hrungnir ............... 44 1.4.12.3.2 (§ 430-2) Het belang van de Hrungnir-mythe tijdens het heidendom en de oorspronkelijke vorm van de mythe ................................................................... 45 1.4.12.3.3 Verklaring van de Hrungnir-mythe .................................................... 46 1.4.12.3.3.1 (§ 431-1) Algemene opmerkingen t.a.v. de verklaring van de Hrungnir- mythe ........................................................................................ 47 1.4.12.3.3.2 (§ 431-2) De gevechten in de Hrungnir-mythe als mythische voorstellingen van een initiatierite ................................................................................... 48 1.4.12.3.4 De identiteit van Aurvandill in de Hrungnir-mythe ................................ 49 1.4.12.3.4.1 (§ 432-1) De figuur van Aurvandill-Orendel in de Germaanse overlevering …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..50 1.4.12.3.4.2 (§ 432-2) Nadere bepaling van de figuur Aurvandill-Orendel ............... 51 1.4.12.4 De mythe van Loki en þjazi ................................................................ 52 1.4.12.4.1 (§ 433-1) Inhoud van de mythe van Loki en þjazi .................................. 53 1.4.12.4.2 (§ 433-2) Motieven en karakter van de mythe van Loki en þjazi ................ 54 1.4.12.4.3 (§ 433-3) þjazi en Thor in het Hárbarðsljóð ......................................... 55 1.4.12.5 De mythe van Thors slachting van Geirrøðr ............................................ 56 1.4.12.5.1 (§ 434-1) Inhoud van de mythe van Thors slachting van Geirrøðr ............... 57 1.4.12.5.2 (§ 434-2) Motieven en karakter van de mythe van Thors slachting van Geirrøðr ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….58 1.4.12.6 De mythe van Thors reis naar Útgarða-Loki ............................................ 59 1.4.12.6.1 Inhoud van de mythe van Thors reis naar Útgarða-Loki (SnE) .................... 60 1.4.12.6.1.1 (§ 434-3a) Episode 1: de ontmoeting met Skrýmir ............................ 61 1.4.12.6.1.2 (§ 434-3b) Episode 2: de wedstrijden in Útgarðr .............................. 62 1.4.12.6.1.3 (§ 434-3c) Episode 3: afscheid van Útgarða-Loki .............................. 63 1.4.12.6.2 (§ 434-4) Motieven en karakter van de mythe van Thors reis naar Útgarða-Loki ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….64 1.4.12.7 De mythen van Thors slachting van de wereldslang (alg.) ........................... 65 1.4.12.7.1 (§ 435-1) Inleiding tot de mythen van Thors slachting van de wereldslang (alg.) ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….66 1.4.12.7.2 (§ 435-2) De mythe van Thors vangst van de wereldslang (Hym.) ............... 67 1.4.12.7.3 (§ 435-3) De mythe van Thors slachting van de wereldslang (Vsp. en SnE) .... 68 1.4.12.8 De mythe van Thors slachting van þrymr ............................................... 69 1.4.12.8.1 (§ 436-1) Inhoud van de mythe van Thors slachting van þrymr .................. 70 1.4.12.8.2 (§ 436-2) Motieven en karakter van de mythe van Thor slachting van þrymr . 71 1.4.12.9 (§ 436-3) Overige, niet-overgeleverde Thor-mythen .................................. 72 1.4.13 Het Thor-geloof .................................................................................... 73 1.4.13.1 (§ 437-1) Thor als beschermgod van levenden en doden ............................. 74 1.4.13.2 (§ 438) Het voortleven van Thor en Donar in de na-heidense periode ............. 75 1.4.13.3 (§ 439) Thor in het volksgeloof ........................................................... 76 1.4.14 Het vraagstuk van de scherpte der tegenstellingen tussen Thor en Odin ............... 77 1.4.14.1 (§ 440) De vermeende tegenstelling tussen Thor en Odin ........................... 78 1.4.14.2 (§ 441) Het probleem van de vraag naar welke god de term áss verwijst ........ 79 1.4.15 Het probleem van de oorsprong van Thor ..................................................... 80 1.4.15.1 (§ 442-1) De theorie over de migratie van Thor ....................................... 81 1.4.15.2 (§ 442-2) De ontwikkeling van het wezenlijke karakter van Thor .................. 82 2 Ullr-Ullinn ....................................................................................................... 83 2.1 (§ 443) Ullr in de literatuur ............................................................................. 84 2.2 Ullr als eerste lid in plaatsnamen...................................................................... 85 2.2.1 (§ 444) Verspreiding van de Ullr-plaatsnamen ............................................... 86 2.2.2 (§ 445) Plaatsnamen met Ullr in combinatie met andere goden .......................... 87 2.3 Het karakter van Ullr .................................................................................... 88 2.3.1 (§ 446-1) De betekenis van de naam Ullr ..................................................... 89 2.3.2 (§ 446-2) Ullr als ‘Sneeuwschoen-Ase’ (önduráss) ........................................... 90 2.3.3 (§ 446-3) Ullr als eedgod ......................................................................... 91 2.3.4 (§ 446-4) Ullr als booggod (boga-áss) .......................................................... 92 2.3.5 (§ 446-5)
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