INNOVATION AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP AT NORD UNIVERSITY BUSINESS SCHOOL Celebrating 30 years of Entrepreneurship research
For more than 30 years, Bodø has been a stronghold for en- a wide scope of articles published in reputable scientific trepreneurship research in Norway. In 2016, the research international journals, books, articles in books and popular group is stronger and more vital than ever. science publications.
The research group in innovation and entrepreneurship Nord University Business School and Nordland Research conducts basic research and more applied research on var- Institute represent a vibrant and active research environ- ious topics within entrepreneurship and innovation. We are ment with a strong international orientation. The faculty consistently working with several research projects. Nord participates actively in international research conferences University Business School represents the Norwegian part- and networks. Further, we benefit from a strong team of ner in the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM), and cur- affiliated international scholars, as well as many visiting rently conducts large research project on research-based scholars over the years. spin-offs, new technology-based firms, tourism entrepre- neurship and innovation, entrepreneurial opportunities, In this booklet, you can learn more about the faculty work- public sector innovation, innovation policy, university- ing in areas related to entrepreneurship and innovation at industry collaboration, and gender perspectives to entre- the Nord University Business School and the Nordland Re- preneurship and innovation. Other key research topics are search Institute. You can read about our history, our faculty, entrepreneurial intentions, new venture start-up processes, our international orientation and some of our ongoing re- new venture growth, social entrepreneurship and entrepre- search projects. neurship education. Overall, the group’s research has led to
Photo: Nadia Norskott
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Entrepreneurship and innovation at Nord University Business School
Established in 1985, Nord University Business School de- veloped a strong focus on entrepreneurship and innova- tion from the outset. Early commitment is bearing fruits, and the Business School has since developed to become Norway’s leading institution of entrepreneurship research. I am pleased to present our faculty, collaborations and re- search activities to you in this publication.
This year the Nord University Business School and the Nordland Research Institute are proud to host the world’s preeminent scholarly conference on entrepreneurship, the Babson College Entrepreneurship Research Confe- rence (BCERC). During a few busy days in June, more than 300 entrepreneurship scholars from all over the world will gather to share their research and ideas. Moreover, the 4th Effectuation conference will precede BCERC, and The Di- Erlend Bullvåg ana International research conference will follow directly Dean after. Hence, there will be ten days of international entre- Nord University Business School preneurship conferences in Bodø in June.
Entrepreneurship and innovation is among the top strate- gic areas of Nord University and the Nord University Bu- siness School. The aim is to further develop even stronger research activity in this area. Nord University and the Bu- siness School are strongly committed to promoting entre- preneurship and innovation in research, education and industry relations. We are welcoming everyone that have a passion for entrepreneurship to become a part of our group, as student, PhD candidate, faculty or collaborator.
3 “Bodø is home to the strongest innovation and entrepreneurship research community in the country, and acts as a hub in the Norwegian educational landscape,” say Professor Lars Kolvereid and Associate Professor Espen Isaksen.
The Bodø Community - Best in Test Nord University is one of the newest in the country. Even so, the innovation and entrepreneurship research community in Bodø ranks right at the top in Norway, actually boasting “Best in Test” on a number of occasions.
TEXT: HANNE LØKÅS VEIGÅRD/VIDEOFABRIKKEN PHOTO/ILLUSTRATION: ERIK VEIGÅRD/VIDEOFABRIKKEN
Lars Kolvereid is professor of entrepreneurship. He has been cited by others. In another evaluation report, covering research at Nord University Business School since its very beginning into innovation, Bodø also ends up at the top. as Bodø Graduate School of Business (Siviløkonomutdan- ningen i Bodø - SiB) in 1985. “We publish as much as we can, take part in the most interesting international conferences and try to attract international confe- “We have a lot to thank our first dean, Professor John Skår, rences to Bodø. This provides us with a solid network. When the for. From day one he was determined that the course should Babson Conference 2016 looked to Norway, it was obvious their focus on innovation and entrepreneurship, or “implemen- choice would be Bodø,” says Associate Professor of Entrepre- tation” as it was known in the early years. Bodø was the first neurship, Espen Isaksen. Norwegian commercial college to teach innovation and entrepreneurship, and it was to take a long time before the They point out close collaboration with the Nordland Research others followed suit. In a European context, too, Bodø was Institute and the Norwegian University of Science and Techno- an early starter. Professor Skår was always internationally logy (NTNU) as a key success factor. They also call attention to oriented,” says Kolvereid. their own university’s will to succeed.
Nord University Business School is the country’s third big- Lars Kolvereid describes a subject that has ripened a great deal gest school of business offering economics and adminis- over the past 30 years, but which, in his opinion, still does not trative courses up to PhD level. Since 1985, several thou- enjoy the recognition it deserves in academia. sand students have graduated from the school of business, “Entrepreneurship is not considered scientific enough,” he and thus far 59 candidates have presented their doctoral maintains. theses there. A considerable number of these PhDs have been in entrepreneurship. “Has Nord University Business School helped change Norway?”
A number of studies commissioned by the Research Co- “Yes, but sometimes it has happened via other countries,” Kolver- uncil of Norway and carried out by the analyst company eid hints, referring to a time when he held a lecture at a crowded Damvad, place the Bodø community at the highest level in cinema in Stockholm. Norway when it comes to research into entrepreneurship: Nord University Business School in first place, the Nord- “A question was raised among the audience: How can we get land Research Institute at fourth. Altogether then, the Bodø Sweden up to speed? My answer came instantly: Increase econ- community clearly constitutes the strongest research com- omic security for the founders of businesses, and make it easier munity in this field in Norway. The studies measure the to start limited companies. The Swedes followed my advice, and number of publications issued, and how often these are gradually so did Norway,” he concludes. NORD UNIVERSITY BUSINESS SCHOOL INNOVATION AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP
R&D-Based Entrepreneurial Opportunities Building a unique database
Several thousand Norwegian businesses benefit from the tax deduction scheme known as SkatteFUNN. Nord University Business School has now been given access to all applications to the scheme. This provides unparalleled opportunity for research into R&D at these companies.
TEXT: HANNE LØKÅS VEIGÅRD/VIDEOFABRIKKEN
SkatteFUNN was established in 2002. The idea of the scheme was to motivate Norwegian trade and industry RESEARCH PROJECT to carry out more research and development (R&D). The scheme is based on rights. This means that any company R&D-BASED that can document that they are working on R&D has the ENTREPRENEURIAL right to tax deductions. OPPORTUNITIES “It is the Research Council that decides whether the R&D Project period: 2016-> projects meet the required criteria. All applications, project PROJECT AIM: descriptions and final reports are found there, and now we Project examines characteristics of entrepreneur- have gained access to them, all the way back to 2004. This ial opportunities and their exploitation by small constitutes fantastic documentation of the business oppor- and large firms in Norway. The empirical data tunities companies have tried to develop and commercial- constitutes a longitudinal database over approx. 30 000 R&D and innovation projects which we ize,” says project manager and professor of entrepreneur- conceptualize as the empirical manifestation of ship at Nord University Business School, Tommy Høyvarde entrepreneurial opportunities. Clausen. PROJECT TEAM: Tommy Høyvarde Clausen (project leader), Gry In summer 2016, the project is still at an early stage. Agnete Alsos, Roberto Rivas Hermann, Karin An- “The establishment of a database of SkatteFUNN projects drea Wigger, Tadeu Fernando Nogueira and a PhD has high priority. When the base is researchable, the data student (fall of 2016) may be the starting point for many exciting projects. We think there are many who wish to work together with us on COLLABORATING PARTNER: Research Council of Norway, SkatteFUNN this,” says Clausen. FINANCING: SkatteFUNN has a low threshold and the material includes Internal both small and large businesses.
“The scheme includes 3,000-4,000 projects a year. That is a lot of data. Many of the projects deal with product develop- ment, technology and manufacturing processes, some are about market development. In their applications, the com- panies describe what they intend to do, what resources they will spend on the work and who, if anyone, they are col- laborating with. The companies also submit a report when the project is completed. We can follow the projects, see how they pan out and try to identify success factors,” says Clausen.
5 New PhD’S
SHORT DESCRIPTION OF THE THESIS: The thesis aims to provide insights and extend theory about the complex and multifaceted nature of regional development in the context of the oil and gas industry. A multilevel analysis with firms, institutions, and public actors at the micro level and systemic structures (e.g., clusters and regional innovation systems (RISs)) at the macro level, is applied to address the overall research question of the thesis: How can an exog- enous shock stimulate development processes at the micro KRISTER SALOMONSEN and macro levels in peripheral regions, and what are the mechanisms that facilitate this development? Thesis: Exogenous Shocks as Drivers of Based on the theoretical discussions and the findings from Growth in Peripheral Regions – A multilevel Ap- the individual empirical papers, the thesis proposes a multi- proach to Regional Development level conceptual model that captures the regional develop- Disputation date and place: June 24th, 2015 ment process. The overall objective of the conceptual model Campus Helgeland, Mo i Rana. is thus to illustrate the different firmlevel processes that occur Main Supervisor: Roger Sørheim. when firms exploit new business opportunities, the intercon- Co supervisor: Jan-Oddvar Sørnes nections between these processes, and finally the effect of these processes on regional development.
SHORT DESCRIPTION OF THE THESIS: The thesis examines the knowledge, values and reflexivity dimensions of experience-based tourism innovation from an open and practice-based perspective. The empirical work is based on a qualitative study of Nordic nature based tourism. The main case study focused on Icelandic and Norwegian whale-watching firms, and the case “Destination Svalbard” has been added to study knowledge sharing processes on the network level. HIN HOARAU HEEMSTRA The analysis provides new theory and new insights regarding Thesis: Practicing open innovation in experience- knowledge-sharing and innovation processes in the tourism based tourism: the roles of knowledge, values and experience sector. For example a better understanding of the reflexivity. absorption of scientific knowledge, and other types of exter- Disputation date: October 8th 2015. nal knowledge, in tourism innovation processes; how values and concerns for others play an important role in innovation Main supervisor: Dorthe Eide processes of tourism businesses; and how network relations Co Supervisor: Ove Jacobsen can influence understanding and innovation behavior. (Hin’s work has received a lot of attention, and a program about her research has even been sent on Norwegian national TV in January 2016.
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SHORT DESCRIPTION OF THE THESIS: Universities and public research organizations (PROs) are potentially important knowledge sources for firms to gain access to new ideas in the development of innovations. Still, many firms find it challenging to develop a well working collaboration with PROs. This thesis builds theory on the development of social capital and proximity dimensions to explore how successful university-industry collaboration is developed to foster innovations. MARIANNE TERESE STEINMO Based on case studies in research programs within the Research Council of Norway, the main contribution of the Thesis: How Firms use University-Industry thesis is a theoretical framework regarding how firms use Collaboration to Innovate: The Role of Social PROs as partners in university-industry collaboration for the Capital and Proximity Dimensions. development of innovations. The results from the thesis can Disputation date and place: March 27th 2015. assist firms and research partners in managing successfully Campus Helgeland, Mo i Rana. collaboration where knowledge and innovations are created, Main Supervisor: Roger Sørheim as well as helping policy makers to stimulate to more effec- Co-Supervisor: Einar Rasmussen tive R&D collaborations.
SHORT DESCRIPTION OF THE THESIS: The thesis explores the characteristics and behavior of small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) operating in the borderland between Norway and Russia. These firms are labelled as border firms. Based on international entrepre- neurship and SME internationalization theory, insights from entrepreneurship, dynamic capability, embeddedness literature, and data from seven Norwegian SMEs, this thesis provides new knowledge related to the conceptualization of border firms and their start-up and development patterns. EVA JØRGENSEN It offers a definition of border firms and conceptualizes them Thesis: Border Firms: Norway and Russia as geographically focused international ventures. Moreover, Disputation date: April 24th 2015. the thesis identifies three distinct start-up patterns among Main Supervisor: Einar Rasmussen border firms and offer two novel perspectives on how they Co-Supervisor: Paul Westhead develop their internationalization.
SHORT DESCRIPTION OF THE THESIS: This thesis aims to understand the development of the relationship between environmental innovation partners. Because well-working environmental innovation coopera- tion is important for the transition towards a more sustainable society, this thesis aims to open the “black box” of environ- mental innovation cooperation and understand whom firms might cooperate with and how this cooperation should be managed in order to reach its desired output. Using data from SIRI JAKOBSEN one large-scale innovation survey and two qualitative case studies, the main contribution of this thesis is an in-depth Thesis: Environmental innovation cooperation: understanding of the development of cooperative relation- The development of cooperative relationships ships between environmental innovation partners over time. between Norwegian firms The findings provide implications for firms and policy makers Disputation date and place: Åpril 29th, 2016 with ambitions to contribute to a more sustainable society. Campus Helgeland, Mo i Rana. Main Supervisor: Roger Sørheim. Co supervisors: Einar Rasmussen and Tommy H. Clausen 7 Nordland PhD Fellowship Program County Council funds “research factory” Nordland County Council has come up with the money to fund eight research fellows in order to achieve more research and more researchers in the county. All the projects deal with innovation, and the research fellows will be employing an interdisciplinary ap- proach.
TEXT: HANNE LØKÅS VEIGÅRD/VIDEOFABRIKKEN PHOTO/ILLUSTRATION: ERIK VEIGÅRD/VIDEOFABRIKKEN
“The decision to do this is actually quite fantastic. Our conjunction with this strategy, which is valid from 2013 to County Council is good at interacting with research com- 2025,” says Professor of Entrepreneurship and Innovation at munities, and was quick to launch its first R&D strategy. The Nord University Business School, Gry Alsos. funding for the research fellow programme was granted in
All of the projects are about innovation, but the research is carried out in a wide range of divergent subject areas.
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She describes Nordland as a county with lots of trade and The major part of the research fellow programme is, of industry, a relatively low level of education and only a small course, mainly about each individual fellow’s research. At amount of research carried out per inhabitant. the gatherings, however, they do attend some joint classes together, on innovation, for instance. “The latter shows, amongst other things, the need for re- When the eight projects are finished in about 2018, the re- searchers. The grant from the County Council was used to search fellow programme will be over. fund one research fellow for every subject area in Nordland with a doctorate. Three of the projects were aimed at in- “Given the more rigorous demands made on the universi- novation in the public sector, but all of them come in under ties, the programme will also help to secure our community the label of innovation,” says Alsos. and make it more robust,” she adds
The first research fellow was appointed in January 2015, the “Will this change Nordland?” eighth one year later. “Nordland will gain eight new doctorates. We hope, of “The research fellow programme is intended to be more course, that several of them will remain here. During the than just eight separate PhD projects. We arrange gather- programme they will be exposed to the people of Nordland ings so that the eight can get to know each other better. and their local communities. They will enter into dialogues Discussing projects independent of subject area is an unfa- with local authorities and businesses. We hope that this will miliar process, but it stimulates a completely different type tempt them to stay. The fact that an ever increasing number of question. I think the participants probably find it quite of Doctors are working outside academia, also increases difficult, but they are extremely positive and are learning a understanding of how important it is to work together with great deal,” says Alsos, subsequently telling us how a biolo- researchers,” says Alsos. gist asked a sociologist, “How do you actually carry out re- search?”
“The research fellow programme ensures that Nordland will have more research- ers. This is something we need,” say Professor Gry Alsos (left) and co-ordinator Inger Wassmo of Nord University Business School.
RESEARCH PROJECT PHD FELLOWSHIP PROGRAM NORDLAND PROJECT PERIOD: 2015-2018 PROJECT AIM: The program has innovation as overall profile and includes eight PhD fellowships in various disciplines, all ad- dressing key challenges related to innovation in the public and private sectors in Nordland County. In addition to the PhD projects, the program covers various joint activities with a focus on innovation, including PhD course, seminars and user interaction.
PROJECT TEAM: Gry Agnete Alsos (project leader), and Inger Wassmo (co-ordinator)
COLLABORATING PARTNER: Nordland Research Institute and UIT The Arctic University of Norway
FINANCING: Nordland County administration
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GRY AGNETE ALSOS MARIANNE ARNTZEN Professor, Entrepreneurship and innovation PhD candidate, Entrepreneurship [email protected] [email protected]
DEPARTMENT: Innovation and entrepreneurship. DEPARTMENT: Innovation and entrepreneurship. EDUCATION: MSc in Business, Master of Research, EDUCATION: Master of Science in Business, PhD Bodø Graduate School of Business. Nord University Business School. INTERESTS: Entrepreneurial behavior and new venture INTERESTS: Entrepreneurial behavior and new venture start-up processes, entrepreneurial opportunities, gender start-up processes, entrepreneurial finance, perspectives to entrepreneurship and innovation. Entrepreneurial passion, the influence of social processes RESEARCH PROJECTS: Entrepreneurship in expe- on firm growth . rience-based tourism, Empirical research on entrepre- RESEARCH PROJECTS: Entrepreneurial finance from neurial effectuation, Incubators and incubated firms, the perspective of the entrepreneur, the entrepreneur – R&D-based entrepreneurial opportunities, Drivers and investor relationship, entrepreneurial passion and capital barriers in public sector innovation, Gender and innova- procurement, Incubators and their firms. tion in Norway. TEACHING: Teaching and supervision in entrepreneur- TEACHING: Teaching and Master/PhD supervision in ship and innovation. entrepreneurship and innovation.
ANDERS BILLSTRÖM ODD JARL BORCH Researcher Entrepreneurship Professor, Strategy [email protected] [email protected]
DEPARTMENT: Innovation and entrepreneurship. DEPARTMENT: Market, Strategy and Management EDUCATION: MBA, Halmstad University, 2007. EDUCATION: M.Sc. (Norwegian School of Economics, INTERESTS: Firm formation process, research-based 1979), PhD (Umea University, 1990). Master Mariner firms, types of entrepreneurs, entrepreneurial teams, education (Bodin Maritime Academy). development of human capital and social networks, INTERESTS: Strategic management, entrepreneurship incubators, entrepreneurship/leadership and ethics. and industry development with main focus on the RESEARCH PROJECTS: Technology transfer, following industries; fisheries, aquaculture, agriculture, technology-based entrepreneurship and innovation. oil&gas, and shipping. TEACHING (PREVIOUS): Entrepreneurship, business RESEARCH PROJECTS: Offshore field logistics ethics, leadership and organization at bachelor and master management, maritime preparedness and emergency level. management. Author of more than 170 publications and has been responsible more than 40 research projects.
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OXANA BULANOVA HENRIK DVERGSDAL PhD Candidate, Entrepreneurship Assistant Professor in Computer Science [email protected] [email protected]
DEPARTMENT: Innovation and entrepreneurship. DEPARTMENT: Innovation and entrepreneurship. EDUCATION: MBA (Bodø, 2010), MSc (Bodø, 2012). EDUCATION: BScH, Computer Science, Heriot Watt INTERESTS: New technology based firms, women University (1985), MSc, NTNU (1985) entrepreneurship, new business creation processes, entre- INTERESTS: eHealth, Cognitive Flexibility and opportu- preneurial intentions, education and entrepreneurship. nity recognition, Knowledge entrepreneurship TEACHING: Entrepreneurship and innovation, Research RESEARCH PROJECTS: Web application for meas- methods, Bachelor and Master levels. uring inhibitive behaviour, using low cost touchscreen devices, Non invasive, automated system to measure development of attention and social skills in children TEACHING: Knowledge development with ICT, Quality Management
DORTHE EIDE TOMMY HØYVARDE CLAUSEN Associate Professor, Management and Professor, Entrepreneurship Organization | [email protected] [email protected]
DEPARTMENT: Market, Strategy and Management DEPARTMENT: Innovation and entrepreneurship. EDUCATION: Dr. Polit EDUCATION: Cand. Polit (NTNU), PhD in innovation INTERESTS: Innovation and management within studies (University of Oslo). service and experience based sectors; network driven INTERESTS: Origins and consequences of firm het- innovation; experience design; testing as methods in the erogeneity. The formation and evolution of capabilities, innovation process; gender and innovation; knowledge strategies and firm behavior. Entrepreneurial opportuni- and learning; value creation; Management challenges; ties. Innovation in the public sector. Quality. RESEARCH PROJECTS: Incubators and incubated RESEARCH PROJECTS: Innovation and learning firms, R&D-based entrepreneurial opportunities, Driv- within and across experience-based firms; DMO ers and barriers in public sector innovation, Technology re-organizing; A science based quality system for transfer, technology-based entrepreneurship and innova- experience based tourism; Making science based research tion, Entrepreneurship in experience-based tourism, Em- on testing during innovations into applied tools; pirical research on entrepreneurial effectuation, Gender TEACHING: Innovation and management in service and and innovation in Norway. experience sectors; qualitative research methods; general TEACHING: Research Methods. Entrepreneurship and organization and management theory. Bachelor/Master/ innovation, Master/PhD supervision in entrepreneurship and innovation. PhD supervision in innovation and management 11 TEAM
PETTER GULLMARK HIN HOARAU-HEEMSTRA PhD. Candidate, Public Sector Innovation Associate Professor [email protected] [email protected]
DEPARTMENT: Innovation and entrepreneurship. DEPARTMENT: Market, Strategy and Management EDUCATION: MSc (UiN, 2014). EDUCATION: MSc International Development Studies INTERESTS: Innovation in the public sector, Wageningen University, PhD Nord University. entrepreneurial opportunities, Organizational routines, INTERESTS: The tourism experience sector. The role of capabilities, and their microfoundations, Austrian School innovation, knowledge sharing, networks and values in of Economics. the evolution of organizations. I am especially interested RESEARCH PROJECTS: Innovation in the public in co-creation of knowledge and innovation. sector: entrepreneurial opportunities in the public sector, RESEARCH PROJECTS: Innovation in nature based the role of dynamic capabilities in innovation in the public tourism and whale-watching; the role of values in sector. innovation projects. TEACHING: Business Strategy. TEACHING: Management, Ecological Economics, bachelor and master supervision in organization, management and ecological economics.
ROBERTO RIVAS HERMANN ESPEN J. ISAKSEN Postdoc, Entrepreneurship Associate Professor, Entrepreneurship [email protected] [email protected]
DEPARTMENT: Innovation and entrepreneurship. DEPARTMENT: Innovation and entrepreneurship. EDUCATION: Joint European Master in Environmental EDUCATION: Dr. Oecon. (Bodø Graduate School of Studies (TUHH Germany and Aalborg University 2011); Business, 2006). Ph.D. Planning and Development (Aalborg University, INTERESTS: Entrepreneurial intentions, Firm growth 2015) aspirations, New firm performance. INTERESTS: Entrepreneurial opportunities; Sustain- RESEARCH PROJECTS: Global Entrepreneurship able entrepreneurship; Inter-organizational collaboration; Monitor, The role of women in innovative and growth Intermediaries in innovation/ entrepreneurial processes; oriented start-ups. Environmental and sustainability management in the TEACHING: Entrepreneurship and innovation Bachelor shipping industry; Corporate Social Responsibility and Master level, supervision of Master theses. RESEARCH PROJECTS: R&D-based entrepreneurial opportunities: characteristics, exploitation, efforts and results TEACHING: Environmental management, Sustainable entrepreneurship, Qualitative research methods, Supervi- sion at BSc and MSc levels 12 NORD UNIVERSITY BUSINESS SCHOOL TEAM INNOVATION AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP
SIRI JAKOBSEN ARE JENSEN Associate Professor, Innovation PhD Candidate [email protected] [email protected]
DEPARTMENT: HHN Helgeland DEPARTMENT: Innovation and entrepreneurship. EDUCATION: MSc (UiN), PhD Nord University EDUCATION: MSc Business, UiN 2012 INTERESTS: Innovation, including fields like INTERESTS: The intersection between inidividual’s and innovation-cooperation, environmental innovation and firms’ behavior; strategic management, organizational coopetition. behavior; decision-making. RESEARCH PROJECTS: Technology-based RESEARCH PROJECTS: Technology transfer, technol- entrepreneurship and innovation, cooperation between ogy-based entrepreneurship and innovation. The forma- competing industrial firms in Norway, university-industry tion, growth, and value creation in science-based new collaboration. ventures. TEACHING: Research methods. Sustainable Innovation. TEACHING: Research Methods, Master Supervision in Bachelor and Master supervision in technology manage- Research Methods. ment, entrepreneurship and innovation.
ALAN RICHARD JOHNSON LARS KOLVEREID Senior Researcher Professor, Entrepreneurship [email protected] [email protected]
DEPARTMENT: Innovation and entrepreneurship. DEPARTMENT: Innovation and entrepreneurship. EDUCATION: MBA (International Business, University EDUCATION: MSc (BI, 1978), MBA (Wisconsin, 1979), College Dublin, 2003), PhD (Management & PhD (Henley, 1985). Entrepreneurship, EMLyon Business School, 2013). INTERESTS: New business creation processes, wealth INTERESTS: Entrepreneurship, Teams, and Quantitative creation and new business performance, education in Methods. entrepreneurship, corporate entrepreneurship. RESEARCH PROJECTS: Longitudinal/Multilevel study RESEARCH PROJECTS: Doctoral supervision, of Innovative New Venture Teams hosted by Incubators Global Entrepreneurship Monitor, Amway Global and Science parks in Sweden, Analyses of Entrepreneurship Report Norway. Longitudinal/Multilevel data from the Forny program to TEACHING: Entrepreneurship. Bachelor, Master and promote Science-based University Spin-off companies in PhD supervision in entrepreneurship and innovation. Norway TEACHING: Quantitative Research Methods, Group Dynamics and Innovation
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THOMAS LAUVÅS MARIT BREIVIK MEYER PhD candidate, Technology Management Ph.D. candidate, Entrepreneurship [email protected] [email protected]
DEPARTMENT: HHN Helgeland DEPARTMENT: HHN Helgeland EDUCATION: BSc (Bodø Graduate School of Business, EDUCATION: Master of Science in Business. 2011), MSc (Trondheim Business School, 2013). INTERESTS: Organizational sponsorship, INTERESTS: University-industry collaboration, co-production, entrepreneurial processes. Knowledge Management RESEARCH PROJECTS: Incubators and their firms, RESEARCH PROJECTS: University-industry Literature review on effects of incubators. collaboration in research centers, TEACHING: Business economics and Bachelor TEACHING: Organization and Management, Bachelor supervision and MBA supervision
MAJA NILSSEN TADEU FERNANDO NOGUEIRA Higher Executive Officer / PhD Candidate PhD candidate, Innovation [email protected] [email protected]
DEPARTMENT: Innovation and entrepreneurship. DEPARTMENT: Innovation and entrepreneurship. EDUCATION: BA in European and American Studies, EDUCATION: Bachelor in Business Administration BA in Political Science, MA in Political Science. (Brazil, 2006) and MSc in Innovation, Knowledge and INTERESTS: Innovation in governance. Policy innova- Entrepreneurial Dynamics (Denmark, 2013). tions. Urban development and planning. Social housing. INTERESTS: Entrepreneurship, Innovation; Smart cities. Local government and governance. Entrepreneurial learning; Entrepreneurial opportunities; RESEARCH PROJECTS: “The governance of urban New technology-based firms; Business ethics. development: Repowering government by innovations RESEARCH PROJECTS: Entrepreneurial learning and and smart governance” (PhD in Sociology). opportunities; Measurement of entrepreneurial learning. TEACHING: Supervision in business development.
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ADAM NOVOTNY EINAR RASMUSSEN Senior Researcher, Entrepreneurship and Innovation Professor, Technology Management [email protected] [email protected]
DEPARTMENT: Innovation and entrepreneurship. DEPARTMENT: Innovation and entrepreneurship. EDUCATION: PhD (Economics & Management, EDUCATION: MSc (Bodø Graduate School of Business, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, 2011). 1999), PhD (Bodø Graduate School of Business, 2006). INTERESTS: Technology-based entrepreneurship, Uni- INTERESTS: Science-based entrepreneurship and versity-industry technology transfer, Academic spin-offs. innovation. Entrepreneurial processes. University-industry RESEARCH PROJECTS: Creation and development of technology transfer. science-based firms, Factors influencing faculty members’ RESEARCH PROJECTS: Technology transfer, engagement in technology transfer, Motivations and technology-based entrepreneurship and innovation. success of university spin-off firms. The formation, growth and value creation in science- TEACHING: Business research methods, Economics, based new ventures. University-industry collaboration. Entrepreneurship, Marketing management, & Supervision Incubators and their firms. Policies and Public support for of MA and BA thesis students. research-based innovation. Consulting editor: International Small Business Journal. TEACHING: Research Methods, Technology Manage- ment, Entrepreneurship and Innovation, Master and PhD supervision in entrepreneurship and innovation
KRISTER SALAMONSEN SUDIP KRANTI TIWARI Postdoc, Regional Development PhD candidate, International Management [email protected] [email protected]
DEPARTMENT: HHN Helgeland DEPARTMENT: Market, Strategy and Management EDUCATION: MSc (Bodø Graduate School of Business, EDUCATION: Bachelor in Business Administration 2009), PhD (Bodø Graduate School of Business, 2015). (Nepal, 2011) and MSc in Business (Norway, 2014). INTERESTS: Regional development, entrepreneurship, INTERESTS: Internationalization process, International innovation, oil and gas, interfirm collaboration. entrepreneurship, born global firm\INV, International RESEARCH PROJECTS: University-industry marketing, experiential knowledge, network. collaboration for innovation, strategic development in RESEARCH PROJECTS: The role of experiential the oil and gas supply industry, regional development in knowledge in the internationalization process of small peripheral regions. firms. TEACHING: Business economics, strategy. Bachelor and MBA supervision.
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MARIANNE STEINMO HANNE STOKVIK Associate professor, Entrepreneurship and innovation Phd candidate, Entrepreneurship and Innovation [email protected] [email protected]
DEPARTMENT: HHN Helgeland DEPARTMENT: Innovation and entrepreneurship. EDUCATION: MSc (UiN), PhD (UiN) EDUCATION: MSc Management 2010 INTERESTS: Entrepreneurship and innovation, INTERESTS: Knowledge management, Innovation including fields like collaboration between firms, processes, innovation management, tacit knowledge, competitors and R&D-organizations in the development organizational learning, strategic entrepreneurship. of innovations. RESEARCH PROJECTS: Knowledge management in RESEARCH PROJECTS: Technology-based Innovation processes. entrepreneurship and innovation. University-industry TEACHING: Entrepreneurship and innovation, Bachelor collaboration. Policies and Public support for research- and Master, and organization and learning. based innovation. TEACHING: Business Development, Sustainable Inno- vation, Bachelor and Master supervision in entrepreneur- ship and innovation.
KARIN WIGGER ROGER SØRHEIM PhD candidate, Maritime Innovation Professor, Entrepreneurship [email protected] [email protected]
DEPARTMENT: Market, Strategy and Management DEPARTMENT: HHN Helgeland EDUCATION: MSc (Joint-degree University of Nordland EDUCATION: Cand. Merc (Nord, 1999), PhD (NTNU and Baltic State Technical University, 2012). 2003) INTERESTS: Corporate entrepreneurship, organizing INTERESTS: Early stage finance, technology based en- of innovation process, entrepreneurial opportunities, trepreneurship, entrepreneurship education circumpolar studies in particular in the fields of tourism RESEARCH PROJECTS: Development of academic and maritime industry. spin-offs, Commercialization of renewable energy RESEARCH PROJECTS: Increased creation of value of TEACHING: Entrepreneurship courses at bachelor and land and sea-based tourism enterprises in the High North, master level. Director of the Norwegian Research School Research based entrepreneurial opportunities. TEACHING: Maritime economics and management. in Innovation (NORSI).
16 NORD UNIVERSITY BUSINESS SCHOOL TEAM INNOVATION AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP
ARVE ULRIKSEN INGER WASSMO CEO, Mo Industrial Park, Industry Lecturer Advisor [email protected] [email protected]
DEPARTMENT: HHN Helgeland DEPARTMENT: Innovation and entrepreneurship. EDUCATION: MSc (NTH, 1992). EDUCATION: MSc, (UiN, 2014) INTERESTS: Environment and sustainable development, INTERESTS: Research- and technology based entre- Strategic planning and Strategy deployment, Lean preneurship and innovation, university-industry collabo- Management, Empowering people and communities. ration, public sector innovation, entrepreneurial teams, RESEARCH PROJECTS: MIP Sustainability. entrepreneurial finance, strategic entrepreneurship TEACHING: Lean Management, Innovation within RESEARCH PROJECTS: Nordland PhD Fellowship industry. Programme, Innovation in municipality organizations, Technology transfer.
BJØRN WILLY ÅMO Associate professor, Innovation [email protected]
DEPARTMENT: Innovation and entrepreneurship. EDUCATION: MSc (HHB, 1994), Cand.Merc (HHB, 2001), PhD (HHB, 2005). INTERESTS: Innovation, entrepreneurship, entrepreneurship education, corporate entrepreneurship, intrapreneurship, social entrepreneurship and entrepre- neurship in the public sector. RESEARCH PROJECTS: Global Entrepreneurship Monitor; NUFU-Sri Lanka, SIU; Capacity building in Timor-Leste, Norwegian Government. TEACHING: Entrepreneurship, Innovation, Research methods. Bachelor and Master supervision in entrepreneurship and innovation.
17 Studying the Impact of Science Based Firms Business Research Lab A lot of public funding is spent on research-based businesses. Nord University Business School is setting up a social sciences lab to carry out research into both traditional econo- mic growth and the benefits of these companies to society.
TEXT: HANNE LØKÅS VEIGÅRD/VIDEOFABRIKKEN PHOTO/ILLUSTRATION: ERIK VEIGÅRD/VIDEOFABRIKKEN
Between 1999 and 2012, 371 businesses received grants for funding. In 2016 and 2017, work on comparing and ana- from the FORNY2020 programme, most of them in the lysing them will be intensified. fields of technology, medicine and ICT. Data about these companies forms the basis of the lab. “Research-based companies are major consumers of pub- lic funding. They are open systems. The rest of the world FORNY (Eng.: Renew) is the Research Council’s programme is envious of Scandinavia for this easy access to data. No for bringing research-based business ideas to the market in other country can follow a corporate portfolio in this way,” cases where the projects originate from publicly funded re- says Professor Einar Rasmussen. search institutes. The School of Business has been collect- ing data about these companies for several years – every- The material is thorough and extends over a long period of thing from newspaper articles to accounts and applications time.
Researcher Anders Billström (left) and Professor Einar Rasmussen are studying the economic growth and social benefits of research-based businesses which have been awarded public funding.
18 NORD UNIVERSITY BUSINESS SCHOOL INNOVATION AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP
“We can follow these companies from day one and for many “This data can shed light on a lot of things. In certain busi- years to come. Many of them are over ten years old. This is nesses, benefit to society may weigh heavier than profit or important, since research-based companies spend a lot of employment, which are the traditional ways of measuring time developing. Their business plans place emphasis on success. But little research has been done on this. It may, the various reasons for their establishment. Some of them for instance, be a question of more environmentally friend- have an idealistic objective, aiming to fulfil some need in ly products which are not necessarily as profitable to the society. Whether a company is successful or not should be manufacturer, but which are important in other respects,” measured in relation to the founder’s objectives. We also they say. have access to the complete history of ownership of the company, and can see what effect the various owners have The material is a good starting point for both quantitative had on developments,” says researcher Anders Billström, and qualitative analyses. Nord University Business School who is also working on the project. works together with researchers from many different coun- tries and is open to new collaboration in order to research Many students have been involved in the work on collect- this data. ing data. They have gone through almost 5,000 newspaper “Some research-based companies have been extremely articles where these companies are mentioned, in search successful, in Norway, too. However, to be realistic: Re- of, amongst other things, what is described as their benefit search-based companies seldom generate major profits. to society. But if we are looking for another kind of reward, such as benefit to society, then we might want to look into whether “About 500 of these articles indicate this kind of benefit, it is the right types of company that are receiving funding. such as health, environment or safety effects,” says Bill- This is something that could be researched into at our fu- ström. ture lab,” says Rasmussen. According to Billström and Rasmussen, the lab also has in- ternational relevance.
RESEARCH PROJECT
THE IMPACT OF SCIENCE-BASED ENTREPRENEURIAL FIRMS Project period: 2013-2017 PROJECT AIM: This project examine the start-up and development process of science-based entrepreneurial firms. The project uses a unique longitudinal database with comprehensive qualitative and quantitative information about a popu- lation of 371 science-based start-up in Norway established between 1999 and 2012.
PROJECT TEAM: Einar Rasmussen (project leader), Alan Johnson, Anders Billström, Adam Novotny, Tommy Høyvarde Clausen, Are Jensen, Johan Wiklund.
COLLABORATING PARTNER: NTNU (Marius Tuft Mathisen)
FINANCING: Research Council of Norway
19 The core team at the campus in Mo i Rana. From the left: Krister Salamonsen, Marit Breivik Meyer, Siri Jakobsen, Marianne Steinmo and Thomas Lauvås. Research in Industry and Innovation What determines the success or failure of industrial establishment, development and restructuring processes? These processes are the primary focus of research and teach- ing at the Center for Industrial Business Development (SIF). The research center is part of the Business School at Nord University, located at Campus Helgeland in the town of Mo i Rana, 230 km south of Bodø.
TEXT: HANNE LØKÅS VEIGÅRD/VIDEOFABRIKKEN PHOTO: ØYVIND GREGERSEN/MYE I MEDIA
SIF was established in autumn 2013. cation on the intersection of industry, business develop- – We study and teach the processes that lead to success- ment and innovation, says SIF’s leader, Associate Professor ful business development and innovation within industrial Marianne Steinmo. firms. What, for example, characterizes a good incubation process, and what determines whether it is successful The center also contributes to educating students within or not? When innovation is necessary, it is important to the MBA in Technology Management and the Bachelor understand how different factors - such as infrastructure, of Business Administration. SIF is proud to have been a knowledge, networks and funding - influence innovation key player in the establishment and development of the processes. . Research in this area is limited. SIF aims to MBA in Technology Management. The MBA is attracting contribute to developing understanding and knowledge. large numbers of applicants this year, which can be partly Our vision is to be a national leader for research and edu- explained by restructuring in the oil and gas sector.
20 NORD UNIVERSITY BUSINESS SCHOOL INNOVATION AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP
- Expertise from the oil and gas industry is highly relevant porters in institutions such as Kunnskapsparken Helgeland for research and education here, Marianne Steinmo and and Rana Utviklingsselskap, Steinmo points out. research fellow Thomas Lauvås say. During 2015 and 2016, three members of SIF have com- SIF emphasizes close dialogue and solid networks within pleted their PhDs. The research staff also includes two business and industry in their research and teaching. research fellows and a project team member. The aim is to - In this way, we are able to provide skills that match the grow further by focusing research within three main areas, needs of business and industry, Steinmo and Lauvås state. to be strengthened in the years ahead: R&D coopera- They do not know any other academic environments in tion, regional development, and environmental industrial Norway similar to SIF. – The way we are working with development. the industry from a social science point-of-view is quite - We get many offers to participate in interesting activi- unique, they say. ties, but we have had to learn how to say no. The primary activities of SIF are research, teaching and supervision of – In addition, the “campus effect” and a new, highly visible students, and we aspire to be the best within our focus location at the brand new campus site in Mo i Rana has areas. Eventually, more and more firms will have someone great value. Here, we are co-located with other academic on their staff who has studied with us and understands communities and business actors who want to see us suc- the world of scientific research. This will strengthen the ceed. Although we are still growing, we have strong sup- Norwegian industry, Steinmo says.
RESEARCH PROJECT RESEARCH PROJECT HIGHEFF: CENTRE FOR AN TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER, ENERGY EFFICIENT AND TECHNOLOGY BASED COMPETITIVE INDUSTRY FOR ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND THE FUTURE INNOVATION Project period: 2016-2024 Project period: 2014-2017
PROJECT AIM: PROJECT AIM: By increasing energy efficiency, HighEFF will The main goal of the project is to contribute to help ensure that Norway has the world’s green- new technology and research-based knowledge est industries. HighEFF is one of centers in the being implemented by the industry in the region, Research Council of Norway’s scheme Centre for in order to strengthen the ability to innovate. The Environment-friendly Energy Research (FME). project will develop new knowledge on the link- HighEFF is coordinated by SINTEF and the Center ages between technological research and innova- for Industrial Business Development (SIF) at Nord tion in industry. University Business School is one of the research partners. PROJECT TEAM: Einar Rasmussen (project leader), Marianne PROJECT TEAM: Steinmo, Krister Salamonsen, Siri Jakobsen, Marianne Steinmo (project leader), Thomas Thomas Lauvås, Tommy Høyvarde Clausen and Lauvås, Siri Jakobsen, Einar Rasmussen and Roger Roger Sørheim. Sørheim. COLLABORATING PARTNER: FINANCING: Norut Research Council of Norway and Norwegian industry FINANCING: Research Council of Norway and RFF Nord
21 Drivers and Barriers for Public Sector Innovation In search of Innovation Drivers Seven researchers are set to examine what limits and what promotes innovation in the public sector. The study will be conducted in the municipalities of Tromsø, Bodø and Rana.
TEXT: HANNE LØKÅS VEIGÅRD/VIDEOFABRIKKEN PHOTO/ILLUSTRATION: ERIK VEIGÅRD/VIDEOFABRIKKEN
“There are many similarities between innovation in trade The welfare state is under pressure, not only in Norway. and industry and that of the public sector. Innovation in New welfare technology and new ways of implementing trade and industry is often linked to profit. In the public sec- services can help funding stretch further. tor another type of profit applies: the know-how which can improve services or make them more efficient,” says project “The introduction of new methods or routines to the public manager Tommy Høyvarde Clausen, professor of entrepre- sector is often about improving or developing new services. neurship at Nord University’s School of Business. Such new measures must have a certain substance before they can be called innovation. One concrete example of Innovation in the public sector is a new field of research, this might be the introduction of restorative homecare by compared to similar research in trade and industry. Bodø City Council. An interdisciplinary rehabilitation team provides users with treatment and follow-up at home. Par- “The public sector is of the utmost importance to econom- ticipants live better lives, manage with less help and the ic development. It’s hard to believe that we have not seen council saves money,” says Clausen, adding that Bodø City more research into innovation in this field,” says Clausen. Council is one of the candidates for the Agency for Public Management and eGovernment’s 2016 innovation award.
Nord University in Bodø and the Arctic University of Nor- way in Tromsø are collaborating on a project entitled “Inno- vation in the Public Sector”. Northern Norway’s three most densely populated municipalities have been selected as participants: Tromsø, Bodø and Rana. The project will have a duration of approximately three years and is funded by the Regional Research Fund of Northern Norway.
“Our ambition is to make change in the three municipali- ties. But it is far too early to say how. We do not yet know which sectors we shall be working with. We will work to- gether on selecting two sectors from each municipality,” says Professor Gry Alsos.
Amongst other things, the research project will be looking into how enthusiasts with new ideas are met. “Public servants may have many ideas, but there is no guar-
“The public sector is of the utmost importance to economic development. It’s hard to believe that we have not seen more research into in- novation in this field,” says project manager Tommy Høyvarde Clausen.
22 NORD UNIVERSITY BUSINESS SCHOOL INNOVATION AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP antee that these will lead to innovation. What attitudes are they met with? And how does this effect their progress? In- RESEARCH PROJECT novation in the public sector is, for the most part, distribut- ed as isolated examples in specialist literature. There is little DRIVERS AND BARRIERS FOR research available that can be applied universally, and there PUBLIC SECTOR INNOVATION is a considerable need to identify both hindrances and driv- Project period: 2016-2018 ing forces. We also need to develop a system of concepts. When someone thinks big ideas outside the frame, we PROJECT AIM: must have the courage to call it innovation,” they say. Project examines entrepreneurship and innova- tion in the public sector. Particular focus is on the The benefits of the research will work both ways. agents and actors involved in entrepreneurial and innovation processes in the public sector, the barri- “The local councils will learn from us, and we from them. ers confronting innovation, and how obstacles are We will not merely be studying the local authorities by overcome (if at all). way of interviews and questionnaires. Knowledge will be co-created. Council employees and management will be PROJECT TEAM: Tommy Høyvarde Clausen (project leader), Gry Ag- taking part in, amongst other things, workshops and semi- nete Alsos, Hin Hoarau-Heemstra, Inger Wassmo, nars,” Alsos and Clausen explain, adding: Petter Gullmark, Joakim Flått Høgås, a post-doc (from fall 2016) and Kristin Woll (UIT The Arctic “This is the beginning of a research community in North- University of Norway) ern Norway based on innovation in the public sector.” COLLABORATING PARTNER: UIT The Arctic University of Norway
FINANCING: RFF Nord
A major research project will be looking into what promotes and what limits innovation in various public organisations.
23 Nordland Research Institute
NRI has a strong focus on entrepreneurship, innovation, SINTEF. The project is a part of the Program for Regional business and regional development, and the institute is R&D and Innovation (VRI) and is financed by The Re- among the leading research institutions within entrepre- search Council of Norway and the two counties, Nord- neurship and innovation in Norway. Also research on gov- land and South-Trøndelag. ernmental initiatives and means to promote innovation, • A third example of on-going relevant research is GE- entrepreneurship and economic development has been a NINNO; Gender and Innovation in Norway (2014-2016). core issue, while gender is an important dross-cutting per- The project is financed by The Research Council of Nor- spective in several projects. Innovation and entrepreneur- way and is a part of the ongoing research within the ship is a strategic focus area at the institute. Below follow VRI-program, the regional program for innovation. This some examples of central on-going project at the institute project is collaboration with Norut and Trøndelag R&D. within these fields of research. NRI’s researchers have published in highly ranked aca- • Together with Nord University, NRI is the project leading demic journals such as Entrepreneurship Theory and Prac- partner of the large tourism research project Northern tice, Entrepreneurship and Regional Development and in Insight – Service innovation and tourism experiences in textbooks and other printed publications. NRI has a broad the high north (2009-2017), (part of the NORDSATSING international network and tight collaboration with academ- program) financed by The Research Council of Norway. ics at e.g. Syracuse University (US), Strathclyde University • Regional Innovation through Situated Knowledge Con- (Scotland) and the Graduate School of Business at Turku version (RISKC) (2014-2017) is a project we have with University (Finland). TEAM
JOAKIM HØGÅS RAGNHILD JOHNSON Researcher at Nordland Research Institute and Senior Researcher at Nordland Research Institute PhD Candidate at Nord University [email protected] [email protected]
EDUCATION: Master of Science in Business, MGIMO EUDCATION: MSc (University of Nordland), PhD Moscow and Nord University. (University of Nordland). INTERESTS: Intrapreneurship, championing, public INTERESTS: Innovation and entrepreneurship, sector innovation. Organizational and Management theory. RESEARCH PROJECTS: Public sector innovation. RESEARCH PROJECTS: Innovation in experienced based tourism.
24 NORD UNIVERSITY BUSINESS SCHOOL TEAM INNOVATION AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP
KARIN MARIE ANTONSEN MERETE KVAMME FABRITIUS Senior researcher at Nordland Research Institute Researcher at Nordland Research Institute [email protected] [email protected]
EDUCATION: PhD Social Geography (The Norwegian EDUCATION: MSc (UiN, 2010). University of Technology and Science (NTNU), 2011), INTERESTS: Tourism, institutional theory, health and Master Social Geography (The Norwegian University of welfare studies. Technology and Science (NTNU), 2001). RESEARCH PROJECTS: Financing and business INTERESTS: Experience economy, Systems of innova- founding in tourism industry, Norwegen Center for tion (global, national, regional), Education and training, Tourism Research, Cruise Tourism. Place-based and Spatial perspectives. RESEARCH PROJECTS: E-learning as a mean for skills development in the municipal sector, the development of food-experiences in the experience economy, Knowl- edge and skills development in the experience economy, Mapping and preventing dropouts from secondary high schools in the Lofoten region.
MARIELL OPDAL JØRSTAD BJARNE LINDELØV Project consultant, Entrepreneurship Researcher at Nordland Research Institute [email protected] [email protected]
EDUCATION: MSc (UiN, 2014). EDUCATION: Cand.Scient.Pol and Art. i Filosofi. INTERESTS: Entrepreneurship and innovation, local INTERESTS: Regional development and restructuring, food in the experience economy, as well as gender issues democracy, development and public policy, innovation in in entrepreneurship. knowledge and network perspectives, evaluation. RESEARCH PROJECTS: The role of women in innova- RESEARCH PROJECTS: Regional restructuring in tive and growth-oriented start-ups. Literature review on practice, Rural Area Development With Advanced Tech- local food in the experience economy, Nordic Mining and nology, evaluation of incubator incentives. the search for women, Development of food and tourism.
25 TEAM
ELISABET CARINE LJUNGGREN JARLE NORMANN LØVLAND Research Professor at Nordland Research Institute Senior researcher at Nordland Research Institute [email protected] [email protected]
EDUCATION: PhD in Business Administration (Umeå EDUCATION: MSc (Norwegian School of Economics School of Business and Economics, Umeå University, and Business Administration, Bergen, 1981). Sweden, 2003. INTERESTS: Strategic resource and competence INTERESTS: Entrepreneurship and innovation, industry management, Enterprise development in SMEs and and regional policies and gender dimensions on these clusters, Participation based enterprise devlopment and issues. innovation, Total Quality Management, Regional develop- RESEARCH PROJECTS: Gender, ownership and ment and innovation systems, Experience based manage- local culture, food and tourism - local development, Inno- ment and strategy.. vation and learning across sectors in the tourism industry, RESEARCH PROJECTS: Cross-disciplinary Research Gender and innovation, financing immigrant entrepre- and Development in wind power generation, smart neurs. specialization in Nordland, sector analysis for tourism industry.
EVGUENI VINOGRADOV ÅGE OLAV MARIUSSEN Acting Research Director, group for Entrepreneur- Senior researcher at Nordland Research Institute; ship at Nordland Research Institute [email protected] leader at BA Institute, University of Vaasa (Finland) [email protected] EDUCATION: MSc (St. Petersburg State University of Economics and Finance, 1999), MSc (Bodø Graduate School of Business, 2005), PhD (University of Nordland, EDUCATION: MSc (University of Tromsø, 1982). 2008). INTERESTS: Systems of innovation (global, national, INTERESTS: Entrepreneurship, Immigrant Entrepre- regional), Triple helix, Globalization and the national state neurship, Innovation, Ethnic Minorities, National Culture. (MLG), Cultural political economy (CPE), entrepreneurial RESEARCH PROJECTS: Transnational entrepreneur- discoveries(S3), GAP analysis, evolutionary economics. ship, business models in agritourism, Innovation Norway RESEARCH PROJECTS: New knowledge creation evaluations, financing immigrant entrepreneurs. through knowledge conversion, Smart Specialization. TEACHING: Statistics, entrepreneurship, international business.
26 NORD UNIVERSITY BUSINESS SCHOOL TEAM INNOVATION AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP
EINAR LIER MADSEN INGRID ROALDSEN Senior Researcher, Entrepreneurship and innovation Researcher at Nordland Research Institute [email protected] and PhD-candidate at Nord University. [email protected] EDUCATION: Ph.D. in Entrepreneurship and Innovation INTERESTS: Corporate entrepreneurship, the formation EDUCATION: MSc (University of Tromsø, Norwegian and evolution of capabilities, strategies and firm College of Fisheries Science, 2006), PhD candidate (Nord behavior, entrepreneurship and innovation in SMEs’ and University, Bodø Graduate School of Business, 2010 and family businesses. onwards). RESEARCH PROJECTS: Northern Insights INTERESTS: Entrepreneurship, Strategic Management. (www.opplevelserinord.no) (2009-2017) - Service innova- RESEARCH PROJECTS: Arctic lamb meat – competi- tion and tourism experiences in the high north (project tive advantage in a national and international market, manager), Value creation of land and sea-based tourism Operational logistics and business process management enterprises, Development of a Norwegian Tourism Moni- in high arctic oil and gas operations, Northern Insights. tor, Trailing research Smart specialization in Nordland Service innovation and tourist experiences in the high County, Challenges for succession in family firms. north: The Co-creation of value for consumers, firms and TEACHING: Master/PhD supervision in entrepreneur- tourism industry, Local food in the experience economy: a ship and innovation. literature review. TEACHING: Supervising master students.
INGEBJØRG VESTRUM SØLVI SOLVOLL Senior Researcher, Entrepreneurship and innovation Researcher at Nordland Research Institute and [email protected] PhD Candidate at Nord University [email protected]
EDUCATION: Ph.D (UiN, 2014). EDUCATION: Master in Innovation and Knowledge INTERESTS: Entrepreneurship, innovation, culture, agri- Management (Copenhagen Business School, 2011). culture and local community development. INTERESTS: Entreprenurial learning, entrepreneurial RESEARCH PROJECTS: Entrepreneurship incentives, behavior and entrepreneurs’ institutional context. entrepreneurship education evaluation, the embedding RESEARCH PROJECTS: New Venture Creation in the process of community ventures. Tourism Industry. TEACHING: Lecturing and supervising master students.
27 Gender and innovation in Norway The GENINNO-research project analyses the strategies and action stakeholders in the VRI-program have applied to face the “women demand” i.e. the demand on more women to be involved in innovation processes throughout Norway.
The projects’ goal is to develop knowledge and understand- innovation in VRI gives the premise for the variable under- ing of the role of gender in innovation and innovation pro- standing of gender in VRI. Innovation needs access to dif- cesses. ferent types of knowledge (human resources) and gender balance will provide some of this knowledge, as men and Assuming that gender is a key organizing principle in so- woman are perceived to hold different types of knowledge. ciety, this will also holds true for innovation processes and And as women are lacking, they are constantly needed. The the governing of those. Even though previous research domination of men is not questioned finds gender imbalance in terms of participation in innova- or articulated as a “problem”. tion processes, innovation has been seen as a gender neu- tral activity in mainstream innovation literature. Research Professor and project - Innovation research and policy have generally paid little leader Elisabet Ljunggren. attention to the issue of gender equality, says Research Pro- fessor at Nordland Research Institute, Elisabet Ljunggren.
Previous research has indicated that the understandings of gender at the regional level in VRI has been seen as some- thing that must not “come in the way” of dealing with the RESEARCH PROJECT actual innovation process. At the same time, scholars have warned that seemingly “gender-neutral” policies of regional Gender and innovation in development agencies are at risk of reinforcing gender di- Norway visions and inhibiting regional growth. Project period: 2014-2016
Departing from governmentality, discourse theory and cul- PROJECT AIM: tural understanding, the researchers exam gender and in- The project analyzes the role of gender in in- novation and innovation policy, with a particular novation articulations in VRI, asking: how is the gender and focus on the VRI program, a policy program for innovation governed in VRI? regional R&D and innovation. We will analyze how gender and innovation is understood in the - We find that innovation is articulated as a collaborative policy program, the development over time and and interactive process of developing new products that the implementation of policy initiatives to raise gender awareness related to innovation. The should lead to financial gain for the stakeholders. Hence, project aims to generate knowledge that can be to become innovative businesses needs access to human used in practical innovation, and to help develop resources. Looking at the understanding of gender we find innovation research field. that gender as variable understanding dominate the con- tent of the analyzed documents, tells Ljunggren. PROJECT TEAM: Elisabet Ljunggren (project leader), Gry Agnete Alsos, Tommy Høyvarde Clausen, and Elisabeth Gender as a variable implies that men and women belong Angel, Margrete Haugum, Birgitte Ljunggren and to two clearly defines categories; men and women. This Trine Kvidal (collaborating partners) makes gender easy to measure, but perhaps more notable gender equals women, and when gender issues are brought COLLABORATING PARTNER: Trøndelag Research and development and North- up it is as “women are lacking” or “how to include women”. ern Research Institute To ensure the dominating innovation articulation, gender cannot be articulated as anything else than a potential re- FINANCING: source for innovation. Hence, the dominating discourse on Research Council of Norway
28 NORD UNIVERSITY BUSINESS SCHOOL INNOVATION AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP Northern Insights: Knowledge-based tourism development The tourism industry is a dynamic industry where attention to currents and change is essential for how we assert our competitive advantage. At the heart of this all is knowl- edge. It applies to everything from basic mechanisms behind how people and organiza- tions work to how to use optimally design materials, organize ourselves, package prod- ucts and market what we are about.
Norway is a high-cost country where the tourism industry to a lesser degree can compete on price. So, to be competi- RESEARCH PROJECT tive, Norway must concentrate on the development of ex- ceptional experiences and products of high quality. That re- NORTHERN INSIGHTS: quires the right kind of knowledge at the right time from the best possible sources. Therefore, a significant investment in KNOWLEDGE-BASED new knowledge and expertise must be implemented if the TOURISM DEVELOPMENT Norwegian tourism industry wants to succeed as an indus- Project period: 2009-2017 try of world class. PROJECT AIM: The Northern InSights (Opplevelser i nord) program con- The main aim of the project is to carry out high quality research into (1) service innovation in sists of different projects related to innovation and learning, experience-based tourism and (2) co-creation marketing, customer perspectives, value creation, destina- of values for companies, consumers and the tion development, and organizations and leadership within tourism and experience industries in Northern service and experience-based tourism. Norway. By establishing a strong system for the exchange of information, the research will contribute to developing and strengthening Approximately 60 researchers are involved in the projects. experience-based tourism through increased The project has become a major national and international competitiveness and sustainability. player in the building of a strong and competitive academic environment that works closely and in productive collabo- PROJECT LEADER: Einar Lier Madsen ration with the tourism industry, offering valuable knowl- edge for future value creation. Together with businesses in WORK PACKAGE LEADERS: the field, we have come far in developing a better under- Dorthe Eide and Nina Prebensen (UIT The Arctic standing of what innovation in the tourism industry entails University of Norway) and how it leads to new and improved experiences while FINANCING: also increasing business value chains. Research Council of Norway
Northern InSights is run by a consortium consisting of six PRODUCED SO FAR: institutions: Nord University Business School, UiT - Ar- - 2316 interviews conducted tic University of Norway, Harstad University College (now - 50 academic papers - Researchers from 21 different countries a part of UiT), Nordland Research Institute, NORUT and - 9 competed PhD projects NIBIO. - 200 work months - 69154 working hours
29 The “whole world” is working together in Bodø
In recent years the entrepreneurship and innovation community in Bodø has become more and more international. “We are working hard to get the best people, wherever they come from,” says Professor Einar Rasmussen.
TEXT: HANNE LØKÅS VEIGÅRD/VIDEOFABRIKKEN PHOTO/ILLUSTRATION: ERIK VEIGÅRD/VIDEOFABRIK
Hungary, Switzerland, Brazil, Nicaragua, Sweden, Poland, succeeded in its efforts to host the distinguished Babson Ireland, Norway, the Netherlands, Russia. The innovation College Entrepreneurship Research Conference in Bodø in and entrepreneurship research community at the Nord June 2016. University Business School consists of people from all over the world. “The conference gathers over 300 of the world’s most prominent experts in the field of entrepreneurship. The “We want to be an international community, so we inten- competition on hosting the Babson Conference is fierce, tionally advertise on a broad front. We also make use of our particularly every third year when it is arranged in Europe. co-workers’ networks. Familiarity is often a decisive factor,” It’s invigorating that Bodø will be the first Norwegian city says Rasmussen. to arrange the event, and it also says something about the position held by the Bodø community,” says Rasmussen. Community members are diligent participants in interna- tional arenas. The Nord University Business School has in- Researcher Anders Billström comes from Sweden. He be- ternational visiting professors who are among the world’s came familiar with Nord University Business School when most prominent in their fields. The community has also he met fellow researchers from there at a conference.
RESEARCH PROJECT RESEARCH PROJECT
ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN INCUBATORS EXPERIENCE-BASED TOURISM AND INCUBATED FIRMS Project period: 2010-2017 Project period: 2011-2018
PROJECT AIM: PROJECT AIM: The project examine new business start-up pro- The project analyses the effect of incubators, cesses in the tourism industries, particularly how including incubators in rural areas, on innovation entrepreneurs behave in the process and the sub- and new firm development in Norway. The project sequent consequences for the development of the will document financial and non-financial out- business over time. We examines the applicability comes created by firms in incubators in Norway, of theory of effectuation in this context. Further, investigate why some incubated firms show better we investigate how public policy and external ac- results than others, generate knowledge about tors influence the behavior of the entrepreneurs. the role of the incubation process inn new venture The project is a part of the Northern Insights performance, and disseminate results to practi- research program. tioners, policy makers and the research commu- nity. PROJECT TEAM: Gry Agnete Alsos (project leader), Sølvi Solvoll, PROJECT TEAM: Tommy Høyvarde Clausen, Espen Isaksen Tommy Høyvarde Clausen (project leader), Marit Breivik Meyer, Marianne Artnzen, Mariell Opdal FINANCING: Jørstad, Einar Rasmussen and Gry Agnete Alsos Research Council of Norway FINANCING: Siva
30 NORD UNIVERSITY BUSINESS SCHOOL INNOVATION AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP
“I realized that this was an international community where tourism and other sectors. She presented her doctoral the- a lot of effort was put in. I wanted to become a part of it,” he sis last year. says. “My husband and I came here seven years ago and we are “Was it more or less what you expected?” very happy. We live a good life in Valnesfjord, forty kilome- tres from Bodø, with children and a horse,” she says. “It was much better! It is a stimulating professional commu- nity, there is strong focus on innovation and entrepreneur- PhD candidate Petter Gullmark is half Polish half Norwe- ship and unequivocal support from Nord University. We gian. He grew up in Poland, has a MSc in Business degree, work together regardless of faculty or institution, and this and is researching innovation in the public sector. is a considerable advantage when it comes to the develop- ment of knowledge,” he says. “I have lived in Bodø for four years. I came here because I wanted to try something new and thought that Bodø looked Associate professor Hin Hoarau-Heemstra comes from the like a nice town. After a while I got a Norwegian girlfriend Netherlands and is researching innovation in nature-based and I am very happy in the city,” he says.
TESTIMONIAL: Coming from the Netherlands and having completed both my undergraduate and postgraduate studies at Dutch Universities, the University of Nordland has a lot to offer.
The university is small and closely connected to society. A lot is happening in this dynamic Arctic region and the university has local but also international cooperation with businesses and governmental organisations. This makes it easier to find interesting and relevant research projects and get to know possible future employers.
As an international student I was surprised by the amount of nationalities you meet here in Bodø. Because Bodø and the university are not too big, you get the chance to meet a lot of different people. The environment is totally different from what I was used to in the Netherlands: Wild nature all around the city, being able to enjoy a variety of winter sports and of course the northern lights and the midnight sun. Although Bodø is remote, it is remarkably well connected to the rest of Europe.
Hin Hoarau-Heemstra
The innovation and entrepreneurship research community at Nord University School of Business consists of people from all over the world. 31 Affiliated international scholars
SARA CARTER Adjunct Professor at Nord University Business School and Nordland Research Institute, Professor of Entrepreneurship, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow. [email protected]
Education: PhD (University of Stirling, UK), BA Hons (Lancaster University, 1982) Interests / Areas of Expertise: Entrepreneurship, SMEs, Access to finance. Research Projects: Entrepreneurship in Experience-Based Tourism. Teaching: Supervision and courses at Doctoral level.
JON SUNDBO Adjunct Professor at Nord University Business School and Nordland Research Institute; Professor, Department of Social Sciences and Business, Roskilde University, Denmark. [email protected]
Education: PhD Interests: Innovation, Entrepreneurs, Experience economy, Service innovation Research Projects: Innovation service projects, Service Innovation in Public-Private Networks. Teaching: Supervision and courses at Doctoral level.
CANDIDA G. BRUSH Adjunct Professor at Nord University Business School; Professor in Entrepreneurship at Babson College, USA. [email protected]
Education: B.A. University of Colorado, M.B.A. Boston College, D.B.A. Boston University. Interests / Areas of Expertise: Entrepreneurship, New Venture Creation, Women and Entrepreneurship. Teaching: Supervision and courses at Doctoral and Masters’ level.
ALEXANDER MCKELVIE Adjunct Professor at Nord University Business School; Associate Professor, Whitman School of Management at Syracuse University, USA. [email protected]
Education: PhD, Jönköping International Business School, Sweden. Interests /Research Topics: New firm growth, Innovation, Corporate entrepreneurship, En- trepreneurial decision making, Strategic management of new firms, Family business. Research projects: Entrepreneurship in Experience-Based Tourism. Teaching: Supervision and courses at Doctoral level.
32 NORD UNIVERSITY BUSINESS SCHOOL INNOVATION AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP
MIKKO POHJOLA Postdoctoral researcher, Entrepreneurship and innovation, part-time [email protected]
Education: MSc (Turku School of Economics, 2005), PhD (Utrecht University 2013). Interests: Economics of Innovation, Science/research based startups & spin-offs, Innovation strategies and processes in established and young ventures, Business model innovation, New business creation processes. Research projects: Technology-based entrepreneurship and innovation, Environmental innovation
PAUL WESTHEAD Adjunct Professor at Nord University Business School; Professor of Entrepreneurship at Durham University Business School, UK. [email protected]
Education: BA, PhD Interests: The impact of initiatives encouraging graduates to consider business ownership and/or careers in small firms; entrepreneurial teams; the internationalization of smaller private firms; the development of private family firms; and the habitual entrepreneurship phenomenon. Teaching: Supervision and courses at Doctoral level.
JOHAN WIKLUND Adjunct Professor at Nord University Business School; Professor of Entrepreneurship, Whitman School of Management, Syracuse University, USA. [email protected]
Education: PhD, Jönköping International Business School, Sweden. Interests/Research Topics: Small business growth, Self-employment, Self-employment decision-making, Corporate entrepreneurship. Research Projects: Technology-based entrepreneurship and innovation. Teaching: Supervision and courses at Doctoral level.
ANDREW ZACHARAKIS Adjunct Professor at Nord University Business School; Chair in Entrepreneurship at Babson College, USA. [email protected]
Education: B.S., Ph.D., University of Colorado, M.B.A., Indiana University Interests /Areas of Expertise: Entrepreneurship; Venture Capital; New Venture Creation Teaching: Supervision and courses at Doctoral and Masters’ level.
33 PUBLICATIONS 2015/EARLY 2016
Alsos, G. A., Clausen, T. H., Hytti, U. & Solvoll, S. (2016). Entrepreneurs’ Social Identity and the Preference of Causal and Ef- fectual Behaviours in Start-up Processes. Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, 28(3-4), pp. 234-258.
Alsos, G. A. & Ljunggren, E. (2016). The Role of Gender in Entrepreneur-Investor Relationships: A Signaling Theory Ap- proach. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, online first.
Bienkowska, D., Klofsten, M. & Rasmussen, E. (2016). PhD Students in the Entrepreneurial University - Perceived Support for Academic Entrepreneurship. European Journal of Education. Forthcoming.
Borch, O. J. & Solesvik, M. (2015). Innovation on the Open Sea: Examining Competence Transfer and Open Innovation in the Design of Offshore Vessels. Technology innovation management review 5(9).
Bulanova, O., Isaksen, E. & Kolvereid, L. (2016). Growth Aspirations among Women Entrepreneurs in High Growth Firms. Baltic Journal of Management, 11(2), 187-206.
Fini, R., Fu, K., Mathisen, M.T., Rasmussen, E. and Wright, M. (2016) Institutional determinants of university spin-off quan- tity and quality: A longitudinal, multi-level, cross-country study. Small Business Economics. Accepted.
Jakobsen, S. & Clausen, T. H. (2015). Innovating for a Greener Future: The Direct and Indirect Effects of Firms’ Environmen- tal Objectives on the Innovation Process. Journal of Cleaner Production, online first.
Jakobsen, S. & Steinmo, M. (2016). The Role of Proximity Dimensions in the Development of Innovations in Coopetition: A Longitudinal Case Study. International Journal of Technology Management. Forthcoming.
Kolvereid, L. (in press). Preference for Self-Employment: Prediction of New Business Start-up Intentions and Efforts. The International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation.
Lindberg, F., & Eide, D. (2015). Challenges of Extraordinary Experiences in the Arctic. Journal of Consumer Behaviour 15(1), online first.
Ljunggren, E. and Sundin, E. Introduction article: gender perspectives on enterprising communities. Journal of Enterpris- ing Communities 10(1) pp. 2-15.
Munari, F., Rasmussen, E., Toschi, L. & Villani, E. (2015). Determinants of the University Technology Transfer Policy-Mix: A Cross-National Analysis of Gap-Funding Instruments. Journal of Technology Transfer. Online first.
Rasmussen, E., Mosey, S. & Wright, M. (2015). The Transformation of Network Ties to Develop Entrepreneurial Competen- cies for University Spin-offs. Entrepreneurship and Regional Development 27(7-8), pp. 430-457.
Rasmussen, E. & Wright, M. (2015). How Can Universities Facilitate Academic Spin-offs? An Entrepreneurial Competency Perspective. Journal of Technology Transfer 40(5), pp. 782-799.
Salamonsen, K. (2015). The Effects of Exogenous Shocks on the Development of Regional Innovation Systems. European Planning Studies 23(9), pp. 1770-1795.
Salamonsen, K. & Henriksen, J. T. (2015). Small Businesses Need Strong Mediators: Mitigating the Disadvantages of Periph- eral Localization through Alliance Formation. European Planning Studies 23(3), pp. 529-549.
Solvoll, S., Alsos, G. A. & Bulanova, O. (2015). Tourism Entrepreneurship – Review and Future Directions. Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism 15(S1), pp. 120-137.
Steinmo, M. (2015). Collaboration for Innovation: A Case Study on How Social Capital Mitigates Collaborative Challenges in University-Industry Research Alliances. Industry and Innovation, 22(7), pp.597-624.
34 NORD UNIVERSITY BUSINESS SCHOOL INNOVATION AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP
Steinmo, M. & Rasmussen, E. (2015). How Firms Collaborate with Public Research Organizations: The Evolution of Prox- imity Dimensions in Successful Innovation Projects. Journal of Business Research 69(3), pp. 1250-1259.
Stokvik, H., Adriaenssen, D. J., Johannessen, J.-A. & Sætersdal, H. (2016). Managing Knowledge Resources. Problems & Perspectives in Management 14(1), pp. 95-106.
Stokvik, H., Johannessen, J.-A. & Adriaenssen, D. J. (2016). Strategic Entrepreneurship and Intrapreneurial Intensity. Prob- lems & Perspectives in Management 14(2), pp. 65-76
Stokvik, H., Johannessen, J.-A., Skålsvik, H. & Adriaenssen, D. J. (2016). Aspects of a Knowledge Theory for New Venture Creation: Management, Policy and Methodological Implications. Problems & Perspectives in Management 14(2), 144-152
Vestrum, I. (2016) Integrating multiple theoretical approaches to explore the resource mobilization process of community ventures. Journal of Enterprising Communities 10(1) pp. 123-134.
Villani, E., Rasmussen, E., Grimaldi, R. (2016) How Intermediary Organizations Facilitate University-Industry Technology Transfer: A Proximity Approach. Forthcoming. Technological Forecasting & Social Change. In press.
BOOKS Alsos, G.A., Bjørkhaug, H., Bolsø, A & Ljunggren, E. (Eds.) (2015). Kjønn og næringsliv i Norge. Oslo: Cappelen Damm Akademisk.
Alsos, G.A, Hytti, U. & Ljunggren, E. (Eds.) (2016). Research Handbook on Gender and Innovation. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, forthcoming.
CHAPTERS IN BOOKS Alsos, G. A. (2016). Portfolio Entrepreneurial Households – Extending the Single Individual and Single Opportunity Focus. In: Landström, H., Parhakangas, A., Fayolle, A. & Riot, P. (Eds.). Challenging Entrepreneurship Research, Routledge, pp. 77-99
Alsos, G. A. & Andreassen, T. (2015). Innovative små bedrifter – om innovasjonsprosesser i opplevelsesbasert reiseliv. In: Jensen, Ø. & Skallerud, K. (Eds.). Innovativ og opplevelsesbasert verdiskaping i reiselivsnæringen. Oslo: Cappelen Damm Akademisk, pp. 233-252
Alsos, G. A., Bjørkhaug, H., Bolsø, A & Ljunggren, E. (2015). Introduksjon – kjønn og norsk næringsliv. In: Alsos, G. A., Bjørkhaug, H., Bolsø, A & Ljunggren, E. (Eds.). Kjønn og næringsliv i Norge. Oslo: Cappelen Damm Akademisk, pp. 15-28.
Alsos, G. A., Carter, S. & Ljunggren, E. (2015). Entrepreneurial Families and Households. In: Welter, F. & Baker, T. (Eds.). The Routledge Companion to Entrepreneurship. Routledge, pp. 165-178
Alsos, G. A, Hytti, U. & Ljunggren, E. (2016). Gender and Innovation – An Introduction. In: Alsos, G. A, Hytti, U. & Ljun- ggren, E. (Eds.). Research Handbook on Gender and Innovation. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, forthcoming
Alsos, G. A. & Ljunggren E. (2015). Kvinner og menn som eiere i norske bedrifter. In: Alsos, G. A., Bjørkhaug, H., Bolsø, A & Ljunggren, E. (Eds.). Kjønn og næringsliv i Norge. Oslo: Cappelen Damm Akademisk, pp. 49-66
Barrett, A. & Hoarau-Heemstra, H. (2015). Lo-Ve Is Complicated: Steinar’s Vision on the Uneasy Co-existence of Tourism and Petroleum in the Lofoten-Vesterålen Archipelago. In: Sørnes, J. O., Browning, L. & Henriksen, J. T. (Eds.). Culture, Development and Petroleum. An Ethnography of the High North. Routledge.
Billström, A. (2016). The Role of Social Network Actors in the Formation of University Spin-offs – Case Studies of External and Inventor Entrepreneurs in Sweden. In: Fini, R & Grimaldi, R. (Eds.). Process approach to academic entrepreneurship: evidence from the globe. World Scientific Publishing.
35 Carter, S. Alsos, G.A., Ljunggren, E. (2015). The Irrational Benefits of Small Business Ownership: Constructing Economic Well- Being in Business-Owning Households. In: Newbert, S. (Ed.) Small Business in a Global Economy: Creating and Managing Successful organizations. Volume 1. New York: Praeger, pp. 49-70
Eide, D. & Fuglsang, L. (2015). Nettverksdrevet læring og innovasjon i opplevelsesbasert reiseliv. In: Jensen, Ø. & Skallerud, K. (Eds.). Innovativ og opplevelsesbasert verdiskaping i reiselivsnæringen. Oslo: Cappelen Damm Akademisk, 205-232.
Eide, D. & Mossberg, M. (2015). Opplevelsesdesign og innovasjon med fokus på kundeinteraksjoner. In: Jensen, Ø. & Skallerud, K. (Eds.). Innovativ og opplevelsesbasert verdiskaping i reiselivsnæringen. Oslo: Cappelen Damm Akademisk, pp. 183-204.
Eide, D., Hansen, A.H. & Lindberg, F. (2015). En multi-relasjonell tilnærming til turistopplevelser. In: Jensen, Ø. & Skallerud, K. (Eds.). Innovativ og opplevelsesbasert verdiskaping i reiselivsnæringen. Oslo: Cappelen Damn Akademisk, pp. 147-166.
Eide, D. (2015) Humankapitalens særtrekk. In: Karlsen, J. E. (Ed.). Veivisere i norsk organisasjonsforskning. Organisasjonsfaglig kanon. Bergen: Fagbokforlaget.
Hoarau-Heemstra, H. (in Press). Open Innovation in the Tourism Experience Sector: The Role of Practice-Based Knowledge Explored. In: Egger, R., Gula, I. & Walcher, D. (Eds.). Open Tourism: Open Innovation, Crowdsourcing and Co-Creation Chal- lenging the Tourism Industry. Springer.
Hoarau-Heemstra, H. (2016). Ethical Use of Animals in Experience-Tourism: Lessons from Scandinavian Indigenous People. In: Fennel, D. (Ed.). Routledge Research in the Ehics of Tourism, Routledge.
Jørgensen, E. & Rasmussen, E. (2016). The Internationalization Process of ‘Born Border’ Firms: Opportunity Development and Entry Modes. In: Etemad, H., Denicolai, S., Hagen, B. & Zucchella, A. (Eds.). The changing global economy and its impact on international entrepreneurship. Edward Elgar Publishing, pp. 231-251
Ljunggren E & Berg A.-J. (2015). Kvinne, entreprenør og innvandrer: Kvinnelig entreprenør eller innvandreretablerer? In: Alsos, G. A., Bjørkhaug, H., Bolsø, A & Ljunggren, E. (Eds.). Kjønn og næringsliv i Norge. Oslo: Cappelen Damm Akademisk, pp. 83-108
Magnussen, T., & Wiggen O. (2015). “Hadde det ikke vært for turismen” - Om verdensarv og reiselivsutvikling på Vega. In: Jensen, Ø. & Skallerud, K. (Eds.). Innovativ og opplevelsesbasert verdiskaping i reiselivsnæringen. Cappelen Damm Akad- emisk, pp. 347-360.
Nogueira, L. A., & Nogueira, T. F. (2014). The Ethical Dimension of Innovation. In: Al-Hakim, L. & Jin, C. (Eds.). Quality Innova- tion: Knowledge, Theory, and Practices. Hershey, PA: IGI Global.
Nogueira, L. A., & Nogueira, T. F. (2015). Exploring Ethics in Innovation: The Case of High-Fructose Corn Syrup. In: Palmer, D. E. (Ed.). Handbook of Research on Business Ethics and Corporate Responsibilities. IGI Global.
Rasmussen, E. & Mathisen, M. T. (2016). Science-Based Entrepreneurial Firms as Real Options: Assessing the Outcomes of the Norwegian Firm Population from 1995 to 2012. In: Fini, R. & Grimaldi, R. (Eds.). Process Approach to Academic Entrepreneur- ship: Evidence from the Globe. World Scientific Publishing.
Roaldsen I. (2015). The Business Model and Entrepreneurial Strategies: The Case of SMEs in Mature Industries. In: Fayolle, A., Kyrö, P. & Liñán, F. (Eds.). Developing, Shaping and Growing Entrepreneurship. Edward Elgar.
Salamonsen, K. (2015). The Petroleum Renaissance in Alstahaug Municipality. In: Sørnes, J. O., Browning, L. & Henriksen, J. T (Eds.). Culture, development and petroleum: an ethnography of the high north. Routledge.
Vestrum, I. (2015). How Entrepreneurs Develop Relationships for Community Ventures Within Local Communities. In: Fayolle, A., Kyrö, P. & Liñán, F. (Eds.). Developing, Shaping and Growing Entrepreneurship. Edward Elgar.
Åmo, B. W. (2015). Innovasjonsatferd blant sjefer, mellomledere og arbeidere i offentlig og privat sektor: Forskjeller og imp- likasjoner. In: Andersen, O. J., Gårseth-Nesbakk, L. & Bondas, T. (Eds.). Innovasjoner i offentlig tjenesteyting. Bergen: Fagbok- forlaget.
Åmo, B. W. & Kolvereid, L. (forthcoming). Corporate Entrepreneurship: An Update on Recent Research. In: Blackburn, R., Cler- cq, D. D., Heinonen, J. & and Wang, Z. (Eds.). SAGE Handbook for Entrepreneurship and Small Business. SAGE, UK.
36 NORD UNIVERSITY BUSINESS SCHOOL INNOVATION AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP
CONFERENCE PAPER PRESENTATIONS Alsos, G. A., Carter, S., Ljunggren, E. & Johnsen, M. O. (2015). Women growth entrepreneurs and their strategies for work- life balance. Paper presented at the Diana International Conference, Boston, 8-9 June 2015.
Alsos, G. A. & Clausen, T. H (2016) Team-level effectual and causal behavior: From individual decision-making to collective behavior. Paper presented at the 4th Effectuation Conference, Bodø, Norway 5-7 June 2016
Alsos, G. A., Clausen, T. H, Wigger, K. A. (2015). Characteristics of opportunities and exploitation in closed and open inno- vation. Paper presented at BCERC Babson College Entrepreneurship Research Conference, Natick, MA, 10-13 June 2015.
Alsos, G. A., Clausen, T. H, Mauer, R. & Solvoll, S. (2016) Competence or context? Exploring the relationship of expertise, uncertainty and effectual behavior. Paper presented at BCERC Babson College Entrepreneurship Research Conference, Bodø, Norway 8-11 June 2016.
Alsos, G., Ljunggren, E., Carter, S. & Jørstad, M.O. (2016) Women, family and entrepreneurship: strategies for managing work-life balance challenges. Paper presented at Academy of Management Meeting, Anaheim, 5-9 August 2016
Arntzen, M. (2015). The influence of passion on entrepreneurs seeking external equity finance. Paper presented at RENT XXIX Conference, Research in Entrepreneurship and Small Business, Zagreb, Croatia, 18-20 November 2015.
Aure, M., Førde, A. & Magnussen, T. (2015). The rural rescue – Work migrants in place. Nordic Geographical Meeting; 8-12 June 2015.
Billström, A. (2015). Human capital imprinting of entrepreneurial team composition and University spin-off growth - A case comparison of external and inventor entrepreneurs in Sweden. Paper presented at RENT XXIX Conference, Research in Entrepreneurship and Small Business, Zagreb, Croatia, 18-20 November 2015.
Bjørkhaug, Hilde (2015). Hvem vil overta gårdene i fremtiden? Eierskiftedagene 2015, 14. December 2015.
Bolzani, D., Fini, R. and Rasmussen, E. (2016) Entrepreneurial spun-out firms’ performance: The role of linkages to the par- ent institution. Academy of Management Annual Meeting, August, Anaheim, California.
Clausen, T. H (2016) Uncertainty in the context of entrepreneurial action: Measuring state, effect and response uncertainty as perceived by founders of new firms. Paper presented at the 4th Effectuation Conference, Bodø, Norway 5-7 June 2016
Clausen, T. H., Meyer, M. B., Alsos, G. A. (2015). Co-production of value added from incubation: Examining the role of dy- adic and triadic relationships. Paper presented at DRUID15 Conference, 15-16 June 2015.
Eide, D. & Hermanrud, I. (2015). Emotions as part of learning and knowing: toward a more holistic practice based approach to learning? Paper, Learning in working life, Oslo, 4-6 May 2015.
Eide, D. (2015). Experience-Based Tourism and Visiting Industries: Research Projects and Work-In- Progress. Presenta- tion at research group on Center for Interactive Digital Media and Experience Design, Department of Communication & Psychology, Aalborg University, 28 August 2015.
Eide, D. & Hoarau-Heemstra, H. (2015). Certifications as innovation driver: Roles of matching of values and concern focus. Paper presetented at Nordich symphosium in tourism and hospitality, Reykjavik, Iceland, 1-3 October 2015.
Eide, D. Johnson, R. & Ljunggren, E. (2016) Gendering of innovations in experience based tourism. Paper presented at the Diana International Research Conference in Bodø, June 13-14, 2016
Fini, R., Fu, K., Mathisen, M.T. & Rasmussen, E. (2015). Institutional determinants of university spin-off quantity and quality: A cross-country study. Academy of Management Annual Meeting, Vancouver, Canada, August 2015.
Hoarau-Heemstra, H. (2015). Applied Ethics: Value-based innovation in Experience Tourism: Insights from Service Domi- nant logic. Technology and Governance of Health and Natural Resources Project Final Conference, Trondheim, 21-22 May 2015.
37 Hoarau-Heemstra, H. (2016). Matchmaking for innovation: finding the right partners to enhance environmental sustainabil- ity in the tourism industry. Presented at: Organizational learning, knowledge and capabilities, April 2016.
Hoarau-Heemstra, H. (2016). Sailing into a more sustainable tourism future: a study of a multi-actor alliance for innovation. 25th Nordic Symposium on Tourism and Hospitality Research, Turku, Finland, September 2016
Isaksen, E. J., Kolvereid, L., & Ljunggren (2015). Life-satisfaction among women and men high growth entrepreneurs: Explor- ing the role of family support and workload. Paper presented at the RENT XXIX conference, Zagreb, Croatia, 19-20 November 2015.
Lauvås, T. A., Steinmo, M. (2015). Development of immature technologies in long-term research centres: The role of proxim- ity dimensions in converging institutional logics in university-industry collaboration. Paper presented at DRUID15 Confer- ence, 15-16 June 2015.
Lauvås, T. A., Vie, O. E. (2015). Aiming at radical innovations: The knowledge integration activities between university and industry partners. Paper presented at EGOS 2015, 1-4 July 2015.
Lauvås, T.A., Vie, O.E. (2015). Aiming at radical innovations: The knowledge integration activities between university and industry partners in research centres. Paper presented at Nordic Academy of Management Conference, Copenhagen, 12-14 August 2015.
Ljunggren, E. (2015). Kjønn og innovasjon – Kan kjønnsforskningen bidra til innovasjonsforskningen? EnGendering Excel- lence Conference, 4 June 2015.
Ljunggren, A., Alsos, G. A. & Haugum, M. (2015). Implementation of gender equality in an innovation scheme: Ensuring an economic ecosystem also suitable for women. Paper presented at the Diana International Research Conference, Boston, 8-9 June 2015.
Ljunggren, E. & Haugum, M. (2016) Innovative industries and gender: Can gender change understandings of what an inno- vative industry is? Paper presented at the DIANA International Conference in Bodø, June 13-14 2016
Madsen, E. L. (2016) Maturing Family Firms and New Entry in the Entrepreneurial Orientation - Performance Relationship. Paper presented at BCERC Babson College Entrepreneurship Research Conference, Bodø, Norway 8-11 June 2016.
Meyer, M.B. & Arntzen, M. (2016) Organizational sponsorship: Proximal outcomes of business incubation. Paper presented at BCERC Babson College Entrepreneurship Research Conference, Bodø, Norway, 8-11 June 2016.
Nogueira, T. F. (2015) Entrepreneurial Learning. Paper presented at RENT XXIX Conference, Research in Entrepreneurship and Small Business, Zagreb, Croatia, 18-20 November 2015.
Nogueira, T. F. (2016). Opportunities and Entrepreneurial Learning. Paper presented at the BCERC Babson College Entrepre- neurship Research Conference, Bodø, Norway, 8-11 June 2016.
Rasmussen, E., Clausen, T. H., Billström, A. & Johnson, A. R. (2016). The societal impact of science-based firms - Findings from coding of news articles. Paper to be presented at the BCERC 36th Babson College Entrepreneurship Research Confer- ence , Bodø, Norway, 8-11 June 2016.
Solvoll, S. (2016) Learning to be an entrepreneur: novice entrepreneurs’ development of effectual and causal behaviour. Paper presented at BCERC Babson College Entrepreneurship Research Conference, Bodø, 8-11 June 2016.
Villani, E., Rasmussen, E. & Grimaldi, R. (2015). How Intermediary Organizations Facilitate Technology Transfer: A Proximity Approach. Academy of Management Annual Meeting, Vancouver, Canada, August 2015.
Åmo, B. W. (2015). Accounting firms as business advisors: Customer’s expectations and accounting firms capabilities. Entre- preneurship for the XXI century: images and perspectives, Warsaw, 26-27 September 2015.
38 NORD UNIVERSITY BUSINESS SCHOOL INNOVATION AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP
Special issues and symposia JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES Special issue: ‘Theories from the Lab’ How Research on Science Commercialization can Contribute to Management Studies. Guest Editors: Riccardo Fini, University of Bologna, Italy Einar Rasmussen, Nord University Business School, Norway Johan Wiklund, Syracuse University, USA Mike Wright, Imperial College Business School London, UK
The deadline for submission is September 30 2016. http://www.socadms.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/JMS-Theories-from-the-Lab-Call-for-Papers-1.pdf
SMALL BUSINESS ECONOMICS: AN ENTREPRENEURSHIP JOURNAL Special Issue: “Effectuation and entrepreneurship theory: How effectuation relates to other concepts, models, and theories within entrepreneurship” Special Issue Editors: Gry Agnete Alsos, Nord University Tommy Høyvarde Clausen, Nord University René Mauer, ESCP Europe Berlin Stuart Read, Willamette University Saras Sarasvathy, University of Virginia
Deadline: December 1 2016 http://www.effectuation.org/event/2016/493
MAGMA Special issue on Entrepreneurship. This is a peer reviewed business and management journal written in Norwegian. Guest Editor: Lars Kolvereid, Nord University Business School
Deadline: January 16 2017 https://www.magma.no/call-for-papers-entreprenorskap
ACADEMY OF MANAGEMENT PERSPECTIVES SHOWCASE SESSION AMP Showcase Session at the 2016 Academy of Management Conference, Anaheim, California: The commercialization of science: An integrative research agenda on managing the science-business interfaces
Organizers: Mike Wright, Imperial College London Riccardo Fini, U. of Bologna Einar Rasmussen, Nord U. Business School Donald Siegel, U. at Albany, State U. of New York Johan Wiklund, Syracuse U.
Date: Monday, August 8 2016
39 In June 2016 we welcome entrepreneurship and innovation scholars to leading research conferences in Bodø, Norway
4TH EFFECTUATION CONFERENCE JUNE 5-7 2016, KJERRINGØY OLD TRADING POST, BODØ
The Effectuation Conference addresses the issues of researching and teaching effectuation. Through a combination of interactive seminars, small research clinics for paper discussions, and workshops, about 60 scholars will present and discus key questions related to entrepreneurial effectuation. Keynotes will be given by Denis Gregoire, Saras Sarasvathy, Stuart Read, René Mauer and Michael Faschingbauer. (www.nord.no/effectuation)
BABSON COLLEGE ENTREPRENEURSHIP RESEARCH CONFERENCE, JUNE 8-11 2016, NORD UNIVERSITY, BODØ
As the world’s preeminent scholarly conference on entrepreneurship, BCERC welcomes more than 300 entrepreneur- ship scholars to present and discuss their research. The conference was founded in 1981 by Babson College, and is organized for the 36th time this year. The 2016 conference promises to be a motivating, educational and social experi- ences, bringing together the world’s leaders in entrepreneurship research. (www.nord.no/bcerc)
DIANA INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH CONFERENCE 2016, JUNE 12-14 2016, HOTEL SCANDIC HAVET, BODØ
The Diana conference bring together more than 80 scholars from many different countries worldwide, providing an arena to share a global research agenda dedicated to answering questions about women entrepreneurs and growth- oriented businesses. This year’s conference themes are Gender in family business, and Gender and innovation. Keynotes will be given by Siri Terjesen, Mari Teigen and Cecilie Bjursell. (www.nord.no/Diana)