Faculty for Biosciences and Aquaculture Annual Report 2016

FACULTY FOR BIOSCIENCES AND AQUACULTURE ANNUAL REPORT 2016

We educate for the future!

MILESTONES IN 2016

NEW UNIVERSITY FIRST CLASS TO GRADUATE AS DOCTORS Nord University was established on 1 January 2016 as OF VETERINARY MEDICINE AT UVMP a result of a merger between the former University of The cooperation with the University of Veterinary Nordland, Nesna University College and Nord-Trøn- Medicine and Pharmacy (UVMP) in Slovakia is part of delag University College. It was a big milestone. The FBA’s international profile. The joint degree of Joint Board adopted a new faculty structure with five Bachelor in Animal Science constitutes the corner- faculties in June 2016. The “old FBA” in Bodø and stone of the cooperation. The first 11 veterinarians the “green” sectors in animal science and nature graduated in 2016. They started their studies in Bodø management at Steinkjer became a new Faculty of in 2010 and completed their bachelor’s degree in Biosciences and Aquaculture (FBA). Formally, the 2013. In June 2016 they got their degree in veteri- new faculty was established on 1.1.2017, and gave nary medicine, and were ready to start practice in FBA a solid growth both in number of employees Norway or other countries they wish to work. All and students. graduates had relevant work to go to the day they received their diploma. In the coming years, this Several processes and meetings among new collea- cooperation between FBA and UVMP, with study gues were carried out at both university and faculty starting in Bodø, will educate ± 25 veterinarians - a level during 2016. FBA arranged a joint faculty semi- professional group where only 50% of the national nar in Steinkjer where the various bioscience groups demand is educated in Norway. at Nord met. In addition to becoming familiar both professionally and socially, the focus was on edu- ERC PROJECT TO FBA AND NORD cation and research. The program included external UNIVERSITY FOR THE FIRST TIME and internal presenters who covered topics related to It is a pleasure to work for an institution that has best practice in teaching, exchange of results from the ability to turn quickly when it is necessary. research projects, and a lecture from a representative This is probably the strength of Nord University – from the University of Hohenheim, Germany, who a small university with a short distance to the top talked about their commitment to bio economics. management when major decisions are needed. The participants quickly became familiar with each In December 2015, it became known that Professor other through good discussions. The seminar was a Jorge Fernandes had been awarded a research pro- big success, and Trøndelag offered beautiful weather ject funded through the ERC Consolidator Grants for the event. - the most prestigious grant program in the EU. A great accomplishment when considering such ARTICLE IN NATURE funding is based on the researcher’s own CV, the There were several other bright spots in 2016. One originality of the proposal, and not least what effects of the biggest was when Nature accepted an article the results of the project can have if the hypotheses co-authored by postdoctor Alexander Jüterbock for turn out to be true. When submitting the application, publication. Jüterbock is one of the younger resear- Nord had to commit to cover the start-up costs if the chers at the faculty and he collaborated on the article project was granted ERC funding. with a large group of internationally acclaimed researchers. Other researchers at FBA also co-authored The project uses tilapia as model fish – a tropical fish articles which were published in reputable journals. species with short generation ranges. Producing as Such publications help to put FBA and the research many generations as possible in a short period of conducted at the faculty on the international map - a time is critical, as the objective of the project is to crucial position if researchers at FBA should invite study if the gene expression changes in wild fish that others to participate in major national or interna- is taken into farming, e. g. until the fifth generation tional projects, or participate in work packages in has been studied. Investments were necessary, and large projects. with great thanks to the university management, two new recycling facilities were established at the faculty’s research station in 2016. The project will run for five years, then the facilities can be reused both

3 for salmonids and tropical fish species. The faculty signed a cooperation agreement in June 2016 to will thus be attractive to foreign partners as well as ensure close dialogue between the faculty manage- Norwegian, and it gives researchers at the faculty ment and Nugla, good follow-up of students and a unique opportunities to work with comparative pro- high satisfaction level among our students. jects in the facilities. With these investments, FBA is in a unique position to attract new projects. BLUE AND GREEN GROWTH The merger has led FBA to expand its profile, which STUDENT RECRUITMENT is now turning to blue and green growth – two FBA experienced great interest in the studies offe- complementary areas. The faculty is located in an red by the faculty. Both targeted recruitment and area that covers 40% of the Norwegian coastline. It profiling, including advanced research, has been is a rich agricultural region and has vast uncultiva- important for increasing the number of applicants ted areas. This is very attractive for both students for the studies offered at FBA. Dedicated employees and collaborators. The location can give the faculty have given this work a lot of attention. The faculty benefits when it comes to networking, student has also benefited from great student ambassadors. recruitment, applications for research projects, and The recruitment camp arranged in March for the wmobility projects. Rector of Nord University has newly established master’s programme in Biology strong confidence in the profile area “blue and green and Aquaculture can be mentioned as an example growth”. It’s being invested in an innovation center of good efforts. The initiative will be continued in for the green sector at Steinkjer that will have room 2017, and it should be noted that FBA has never had for both the university and businesses. In Bodø, the more applicants for a master’s programme. A series planning of a Blue building on campus continues – a of other recruitment events, which also included building that will move all the blue activities under student ambassadors, led to the possibility of setting one roof, providing room for advanced laboratories, a lower grade limit for five out of FBA’s six bachelor’s modern facilities for researchers, and offices for the degree programmes. This is in stark contrast to the administrative staff at the faculty. These investments situation in 2011 when only the Animal Science study are supported by national and international strategies had limited admission. The fact that the faculty can and research priorities which has focus on bio pro- recruit good students means a lot for the lecturers, for duction and bio economy – an interdisciplinary area the production of credit points, for graduates, and not that has a foundation in both life sciences, econo- least for the job market, which gets good candidates mics and innovation, social science and technology. who have a solid academic foundation. With this On the basis of a strong partnership both internally growth in the number of students, the faculty is well at Nord, nationally and internationally, FBA has an on its way to reach 1000 students by 2020. Nugla is exciting future where only the imagination limits the student union at FBA. It plays an important part the possibilities. both in student recruitment and in creating a good Reid Hole Nina Ellingsen Høiskar student and learning environment. FBA and Nugla Dean Faculty Director

Cooperation agreement signed! From left: Faculty Director Nina E. Høiskar, dean Reid Hole, head of Nugla Assad Munir og Nugla representative Kristine Solli.

4 THE MANAGEMENT TEAM OF FBA The management team at FBA is composed of the Dean, Faculty Director, Pro-Dean, the leaders of the three strategic research groups as well as Offi ce Manager and Operational Manager of the faculty research station. The management team is the Dean’s advisory board, and processes matters of strategic and operational nature. The group meets every two weeks.

Dean Reid Hole Faculty Director Nina Ellingsen Høiskar Pro Dean Kiron Viswanath Aquacultur Research Group Mette Sørensen Marine Ecology Research Group Ketil Eiane Marine Genomics Research Group Truls Moum Offi ce Manager Irene Stork Research Station Manager Robert Eliassen

NEW MANAGEMENT TEAM after merger with Nord Trøndelag University College (per 3.1.2017)

Dean Ketil Eiane

Faculty Director Nina Ellingsen Høiskar Pro Dean Education Associate Prof. Marit Bjørnevik Research Station Manager Øivind Torslett Pro Dean Research and Development Offi ce Manager Prof. Steinar D. Johansen Irene Stork

Research Group Research Group Research Group Research Group Aquaculture Animal Science, Welfare Genomics Ecology Associate Prof. and Production Prof. Truls Moum Associate Prof. Margarita N. Garrido Associate Prof. Geir Næss Henning Reiss

5 ECONOMY 2016 The Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture has a so that the BOA activities are in accordance with the dual economy. It consist of the basic grant from the contractual plan. Overall, it was applied for NOK 89.5 Ministry of Education as well as revenue from exter- million of which NOK 15 million was granted – an nally funded activities. The basic funding from the acceptance rate of 17%. The faculty aims to incre- Ministry of Education includes a block grant and an ase the number of externally funded projects. This incentive element. The incentives are based on seve- objective is being pursued regularly, for example by ral performance-based components. The number providing researchers with assistance during the of completed credit point units represents the lar- initiation and application phase. gest performance-based component, followed by doctoral candidate production, scientific publishing To ensure the framework conditions for coming points and research activities funded by the Norwe- years, the faculty focuses on recruiting more stu- gian Research Council. dents to the basic and bachelor studies, which in turn recruits students to master and doctoral studies. The annual budget allocations from the Ministry of Through increased credit point production the per- Education was NOK 76,8 million – an increase of formance based part of the basic grant will increase. NOK 8.5 million from 2015 to 2016. The increase is mainly due to the allocation of new ph.d. fellows- The table includes income and costs related to both hips. Decline in revenue from contributions and regular and externally funded activities at FBA (figu- contract-funded (BOA) activities amounts to NOK res in NOK 1000): 1.7 million. FBA focuses on progress in the projects

Accounting 2016 Accounting 2015 Alternation 2016-2015 Grants from the Ministry of Education 67 845 59 331 8 514 Sales and rental revenues 549 464 85 Contributions and contract funded activities 22 590 24 330 -1 740 Change in provisions 3 797 3 194 Internal revenue 521 133 388 Total operating income 95 302 87 452 7 850 Salaries -67 214 -62 678 -4 536 Investments -8 195 -4 497 -3 698 Other operating expenses -18451 -15 459 -2 992 Indirect costs -2 043 -1 340 -703 Total operating costs -95 903 -83 974 -11 929

Internal transactions 310 -4 468 4 778 Results from collaborative research projects 17 8 9 Results from contract projects 274 982 -708

Balance sheet items (- debt/ + receivables) Allocated funding for subsequent periods -2 073 -5 882 3 809 Debt Norwegian Research Council 2 761 97 2 664 Project Receivables/liabilities 4 273 3 101 1 172 Commercial Capital (free) -3 640 -3 366 -274 Scholarship funds -17 -110 93

6 STUDIES AND QUALITY

In the autumn of 2016, FBA started a new master’s The faculty’s quality assurance of the study program- programme. From the beginning, FBA had two mas- mes is maintained through regular meetings of the ter’s programmes: Master of Aquaculture and Master teaching committee at FBA. Students, the pro dean of Marine Ecology. These have now been merged of education and all the study programme respon- into one programme, Master of Biology and Aqua- sible are represented in the meetings. The teaching culture. The programme admitted 20 students in the committee held eight meetings in 2016. NOKUT and autumn of 2016, with half being recruited nationally the Ministry of Education have increased focus on and the other half internationally. good quality in teaching at all Norwegian universities and colleges, which is reflected in the quality work FBA had seven degree programmes in 2016 – five at at FBA. In the autumn of 2016, learning outcomes bachelor level, one master’s degree and one doctoral descriptions for all study programmes were updated programme. In addition, the faculty had three one- and a 7-year plan for re-accreditation of all study year programmes and semester packages containing programs was adopted with start-up from 2017. FBA courses from the degree-conferring programmes. also focuses on research-based education and that Two of the one-year programmes constitutes the the faculty has sufficient first competent employees faculty’s focus on continuing education for the aqu- who are active researchers themselves. The univer- aculture industry. The number of students at FBA has sity offers courses in university teaching for all new increased steadily over several years. As of October academic employees, and has created its own ”Nord 1st 2016, FBA had 601 registered students, which is University Quality Handbook”, which will be imple- an increase of 25% from 2015. Bachelor of Biology mented by all faculties in 2017. increased the most, from 56 to 79 registered students – a 41% increase from 2015.

Graduated veterinarians with dean Reid Hole, rector UVMP Jana Mojzisova, pro rector Grete Lysfjord, head of programme Ioannis Vatsos and faculty director Nina Ellingsen Høiskar. Doctor of Veterinary Medicine In June 2016 FBA were happy to attend the Graduation of the first class to graduate as Doctors of Veterinary Medicine at The University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy (UVMP) in Kosice, Slovakia. In 2010 they started their education in Bodø. Three years later ten students finished their Joint Bachelor Degree in Animal Science, before continuing three more years of veterinary medicine at UVMP. Representatives from FBA and UVMP participated in their graduation ceremony in Kosice. Congratulation from the faculty to the new veterinarians!

7 Participants at the Marin Master Camp in 2016. Photo: Svein Arnt Eriksen

Marin Master Camp 2016 Marin Master Camp (MMC) was arranged by FBA for the first time in March 2016. Bachelor students in biology, aquaculture or equivalent from all over the country were invited. The purpose was to showcase the opportunities at FBA and raise interest in the scientific master’s degree in biology, marine genomics, marine ecology and aquaculture at Nord University. 12 students from NTNU, NMBU and Nord participated. The faculty covered travel, accommodation and dining the two days the seminar lasted. The seminar will be repeated in 2017.

STUDIES PROGRAMMES AT FBA

PH.D. MASTER IN BIOLOGY AND AQUACULTURE Head of Programme: Steinar Daae Johansen Head of Programme: Marit Bjørnevik The doctoral programme in Aquatic Bioscien- The master programme in Biology and Aquaculture ces aims to develop knowledge and train highly is aimed at students wishing to immerse themselves competent individuals to the value chains related to in biological subjects. All students follow a common aquaculture and related fields of bioscience. Students first semester containing topics in methodology, can specialize in the fields of aquaculture, marine genetics, physiology and ecology. In the second ecology and marine genomics. The ph.d. candi- semester, students choose from three different date shall through their thesis document research directions depending on the thesis content; eco- competence within the field at a high scientific level. logy, aquaculture or genomics. Based on the chosen The ph.d. degree comprises the study of structure, direction, students can study the challenges of the function and behaviour of living organisms in aqua- aquaculture industry, climate change and the eco- tic systems, mainly related to the marine sector. The system, or how genes are structured and function. study will qualify the candidates for positions at col- As a master student, students become part of an leges and universities, in research and teaching, for international student and research environment with research and development at research institutions, to the opportunity to write exciting master’s theses in positions in the marine sector and the aquaculture aquaculture, ecology or marine genomics aimed at industry, both in Norway and abroad. research, public or private sectors.

8 BACHELOR never became extinct and why some individuals IN AQUACULTURE MANAGEMENT are more sexually attractive than others. Bachelor Head of programme: Ørjan Hagen students are introduced to a wide range of disci- Bachelor of Aquaculture Management provides stu- plines, uniting studies of physiology, genetics, dents with an interdisciplinary, industry-oriented scientific methods, diversity of nature, chemical education with practice in aquaculture as part of contexts, and ecological and evolutionary proces- the study. Aquaculture is one of tomorrow’s most ses. The teaching language is english. Excursions exciting industries both nationally and internatio- and fieldwork provide close contact with the other nally, and has been the fastest growing segment in students and the academic community. Students global food production for decades. Students will also receive good training in laboratory techniques. upon graduation have a good understanding of the Students choose specialisation in the last years of basic subjects of farming, biology, health, welfare, study: marine ecology, biotechnology or arctic bio- public administration, labor law, economics and logy. The latter involves one or two semesters at the management. The complexity of the aquaculture University Centre in Svalbard (UNIS). Students can sector demands high and versatile competence of also take 15 weeks of practice in Norway or abroad those who shall refine and market the products, con- as part of the degree, or go on a semester exchange duct farming, engage in the different aquaculture to a university somewhere else in the world. With organizations or work within public administration. increased focus on the environment, ecology and A wide area of job opportunities awaits the students sustainable development, the bachelor degree in as soon as they graduate from FBA. biology provides a solid foundation for work in both private and public sectors. In general, there are BACHELOR IN INTERNATIONAL MARKETING several career paths you can follow as a biologist, Head of programme: Magnus Ressem including: in public administration, as consultant in The bachelor programme in International Marketing private companies, as researcher, in environmental aims at providing students a broad and solid under- organisations and in the aquaculture industry. standing of the challenges facing organizations who want to sell products to international markets. JOINT BACHELOR DEGREE Students will acquire knowledge in the fields of mar- IN ANIMAL SCIENCE keting, economics and administration. Combined Head of programme: Ioannis Vatsos with business economics topics and language, the Joint Bachelor Degree in Animal Science is an exci- study provides a good foundation for understan- ting joint degree in veterinary medicine from Nord ding and working on issues related to national and University and the University of Veterinary Medi- international markets. Students will have the oppor- cine and Pharmacy (UVMP), Kosice, Slovakia. The tunity to study and / or have internships abroad. The programme provides a basic biological education, study differs significantly from other international and corresponds to the first three years of veterinary marketing programmes in Norway due to the strong studies. Students spend the first three semesters at focus on Norwegian seafood industry and specific Nord University where they study basic biological challenges for this industry. subjects such as cell biology, physiology, microbiology and ecology. After three semesters at FBA, The name of the programme changed from Bachelor students continue their studies at our partner insti- in Export Marketing to Bachelor in International Mar- tution UVMP. Here the students carry out the last keting in 2015. As of 1 October 2016, the programme three semesters of their bachelor degree. Students had 88 registered students. who complete their bachelor degree is guaranteed transition to further studies as Doctor of Veterinary BACHELOR IN BIOLOGY Medicine at the EU approved veterinary programme Head of programme: Ketil Eiane at UVMP, where the veterinary studies are completed When studying biology, one learns how organisms (additional three years). are put together and work, how populations evolve in interaction with their environment and how eco- FOUNDATION YEAR systems vary in structure and function. The Biology Head of programme: Åge Mohus programme may among other things give you the This programme is for students who need courses explanation of how variations in the global climate in natural sciences to qualify for studies in natural will alter nature for years to come, why dinosaurs science and technology. The program consists of

9 courses in natural science, which provides qualifi- animal anatomy and physiology, ethology, genetics cations equivalent Mathematics R1 and Chemistry and breeding, feeding, animal health, pharmacology, 1 and 2 from High School. The second part of the as well as clinical procedures and lab work. Major programme consists of Exam Philosophicum, Intro- emphasis is placed on the animals’ natural behavior duction to Cell Biology, Communication of Natural and needs, and animal welfare with focus on pets. Sciences and elective studies. Students who complete The study includes two periods of practice. Practice the programme can proceed directly to the second periods are conducted in a clinic where students will year of Bachelor in Biology. gain experience in in a wide range of topics such as sampling, analyzes, care of animals and reception BACHELOR IN VETERINARY NURSING work. The programme also provides basic knowledge Head of programme: Hege Meldal in biology, chemistry, mathematics and statistics. If Bachelor in Veterinary Nursing started for the first students choose science as an elective in the last time in 2015. This year, as last year, it is one of the semester, they will be eligible for admission to Master studies with the most applicants at Nord University. in Biology and Aquaculture. After completion of the The programme is a 3-year professionally oriented bachelor degree they also have the opportunity to bachelor degree in veterinary nursing, and approved apply for admission to the veterinary programme at by the Food Safety Authority as a basis to grant autho- our partner institution, the University of Veterinary rization as a veterinary nurse. Central disciplines are Medicine and Pharmacy in Slovakia.

STUDENT UNION NUGLA

From left: Assad Munir (leader), Marianne Breivik (finance responsible), Karl Kristian Kroken (marketing) and Rosa Anders- en (welfare responsible). Karen Kirstine Østerhus (deputy) and Ruben Killie (academic and quality assurance responsible) is not included in the picture

Nugla is the student union for everyone studying at industry professionals, and it gives a great testimo- FBA. The main task for Nugla is to safeguard the stu- nial to have on the CV. If you are interested in student dents’ interests. This applies to a wide range of issues, policy, you also have the opportunity to contribute such as anything related to the academic, the student through the Student Parliament, where Nugla has political or social matters. FBA students are welcome three representatives. to the office of Nugla for a cup of coffee or if they One of Nugla’s main goals is to work closely with have any questions. The Board of Nugla consists of businesses in the private sector. In 2016/2017, Nugla six students in various positions, and represent the has large and reputable partners such as NovaSea different areas of study at FBA. Students who want and Røst Seafood AS. In addition, the student union to get involved in Nugla, have the opportunity to has a separate cooperation agreement with the do so through different roles and subgroups. This is faculty, which contributes to close dialogue between a unique opportunity for students to network with the administration and students.

10 HAVETS DØGN OTHER EVENTS Havets Døgn is Nugla’s largest and most impor- Nugla arranges several professional and social events tant event. FBA and loyal business partners helps to each semester, including: the Bacalao night, the make it one of the biggest events on the campus in Shrimp evening, Halloween party, and an acade- Bodø, as well as a highlight for students throughout mic gathering with a trip to Lovund organized by the university. During the day, the event includes NovaSea. In addition, Nugla supports students with lecturers from aquaculture industry, and some light welfare funds. Through the autumn of 2016, over entertainment. The event continues in the evening 20 000 kr were given to various social initiatives for with Havets Aften – a gala dinner where a seafood students. If you want to know more about the student buff et is on the menu. The event ends with a concert. union or any of the events, you can fi nd Nugla on Facebook or visit Nugla’s offi ce.

LECTURER OF THE YEAR

Awarded by the Nord students in Bodø: assistant professor Thor Arne Angelsen, FSV, professor Nils T. Hagen, FBA and Irene Løstegård Olsen, associate professor, Profesjonshøgskolen. Photo: Svein-Arnt Eriksen

The student organization in Bodø named Profes- all the students. The jury stated that Hagen is above sor Nils T. Hagen as lecturer of the year. The award average knowledgeable in his fi eld of expertise, he was handed out to two other lecturers from diff erent has excellent communication skills and is very good faculties as well. The evaluation criteria for the award at following up and giving feedback to the students. were academic expertise, ability to communicate Furthermore, the jury emphasized that Hagen always and follow up of students. fi nds time for the students and consistently provides good and well-considered answers to all the questi- The prize was awarded at the start of the academic ons the students bring. year by student leader Mathias Lauritzen, on behalf of

11 The faculty student organization Nugla named Associate Professor Monica Fengsrud Brinchmann as lecturer of the year at FBA.

Associate Professor Monica Fengsrud Brinchmann. Photo: Svein Arnt Eriksen

NEW PERMANENT ACADEMIC STAFF Margarita Novoa-Garrido – Associate Professor in Veterinary Medicine

Novoa-Garrido completed her Master’s degree in Veteri- nary Medicine at the University of Madrid in 1996 and took her ph.d. in Veterinary Medicine in the field of bacteriology at the Norwegian Veterinary College in 2006. Her research areas include nutrition and feeding strategies. Novoa-Gar- rido is particularly interested in the interaction between feed components, bacterial flora in the gastrointestinal tract and the animal’s immunological system. In recent years, Novoa-Gar- rido has researched the use of new marine resources for the development of feed products, especially macroalgae. She is looking forward to further developing this research across the blue and green sector at Nord University. Novoa-Garrido has participated in several international, national and regional projects, and she has worked to promote macroalgae as a potential future economic resource of regional and national interest. In addition to her research activity, Novoa-Garrido is responsible for the course Food and nutrition in the Veterinary Nursing programme. APPRENTICES Fredrik Strand – New apprentice in aquaculture

Fredrik Strand is 20 years old and from Sortland in Vest- erålen. He has completed the first year of nature study at Kleiva High School and started his 3-year apprenticeship at the research station in Mørkvedbukta in August 2016.

Fredrik Strand started his apprenticeship at the research station in 2016. Photo Tor Ove Dyping

12 Mathias Kristiansen – Craft certifi cate in laboratory

Mathias Kristiansen completed his apprenticeship in laboratory work on September 30, 2016. Mathias (20 years old) came from Stavanger Off shore Technical School in September 2014. During the apprenticeship he has participated in various research with the aquaculture research group and performed diff erent tasks at the laboratories on campus. Mathias had both practical and theoretical assignments. Ha also had a short practice stay at a local salmon farming facility thanks to the Training Offi ce for Fishery in Nord- land. His supervisors Chris Andre Johnsen and Anjana Palihawadana were responsible for his apprenticeship at Nord. On December 2, 2016 he completed his education with a laboratory exam.

Mathias Kristiansen receives fl owers after graduation, pictured with his supervisors Anjana Palihawadana and Chris Andre Johnsen.

Benjamin Piekut – Craft certifi cate in aquaculture

In August 2016, Benjamin Piekut completed his apprenticeship at FBA’s research station in Mør- kvedbukta and received his craft certificate in aquaculture. Benjamin (20 years old) is from Sømna in Nordland and joined the research station in August 2014 from Val high school. During the apprenticeship he has participated in the operation at the research station, and carried out diff erent practical and theoretical tasks. In addition, he has had a practice stay at Cermaq’s smolt plant in Hopen. His supervisors Tor-Ove Dyping, Frans Almendingen and Hilde Ribe were responsible for his apprenticeship at Nord. Benjamin currently has a temporary position as an engineer at the research station. Benjamin Piekut got his craft certifi cate in aquaculture at the research station in August 2016. Photo Tor Ove Dyping

13 RESEARCH AQUACULTURE Professor Mette Sorensen was the head of the strate- examine the potential for new and more sustainable gic research group Aquaculture in 2016. The research raw materials. During the past year there has been a group had 42 members consisting of 21 academic lot of focus on various products of micro and macro staff (18 associate professors / professors, one pro- algae. Knowledge of the effects of the industry on fessor emeritus and two professors 2), 16 temporary carbon footprint, given current and future climatic staff (nine ph.d., five postdoctoral researchers, two scenarios and technologies, is also an important part project engineers) and five laboratory engineers. of the group’s research. Another important research Aquaculture has a great potential and is an impor- area is to reduce negative effects on the environment tant contributor to sustainable food production. The when farmed salomon escape into the wild. Salmon research group helps to acquire new knowledge escaping is one of the industry’s major challenges, about important challenges that must be solved to and large resources are invested both in order to ensure future growth in the industry in a sustainable prevent escapes and not least to reduce the amount manner. of damage if the fish escapes. Our researchers are in the process of developing a new vaccine that In essence, the research projects of the aquaculture intends to sterilize salmon. This will prevent the group have focused on various issues related to farmed salmon reproducing in the wild. Product salmon and new marine species such as lumpfish, quality is also important in the faculty’s research. ballan wrasse and spotted wolffish. Among other Among other things, the group is part of a project things the group tries to solve problems related to to document product quality in the production of farming of spotted wolffish, including bottlenecks salmon in so-called closed cage. The aquaculture associated with reproduction, and feed and nutri- group’s project portfolio spans from basic research, tion. Animal welfare and animal health are another using model fish to understand basic mechanisms, important topic the group has worked with. For to applied research. The group’s research activity example, work is under way to define good welfare requires close cooperation with the aquaculture indicators for salmon. There is also research related industry. Much of the group’s research is carried out to stress on both salmon and lumpfish. The goal is at our research facility in Mørkvedbukta. Practical to increase the knowledge of what causes negative trials combined with the use of biochemical analy- stress which can increase susceptibility to disease sis methods, genomics and proteomics enable the in these species. In order to prevent disease in fish group to acquire new knowledge needed for sustai- it is also important to have extensive knowledge nable growth in the aquaculture industry. about the fish’s immune system and how it can be strengthened. Presently there is limited knowledge The research group had 27 external funded projects of the lumpfish immune system. A ph.d. student is with a total budget of NOK 9.7 million in 2016. well underway with research that will provide increased knowledge about the lumpfish’s innate immune MARINE GENOMICS system. Strategic research group Marin Genomics was under the leadership of Prof. Truls Moum in 2016. The Research is also carried out on the significance of the group consisted of four permanent faculty mem- host organism’s microbial community, both on skin bers, 11 temporary faculty members (including seven and intestines, to the fish’s immune system. Basic ph.d. students) and three engineers, of which two knowledge about both stress and immune systems permanent employees. is important in order to optimize production so that the fish becomes as robust and adaptable as possi- The research group uses modern technology and ble to the environment in a production situation. bioinformatics to characterize the genetic material In this context, research is also carried out on how (genome) of marine organisms. A very active field of different feed and feed components strengthen the research is the complex relationships between orga- fish’s immune system. nisms, their biological properties, and how different individuals are affected by environmental variati- The research group is part of several projects to ons. Both natural and man-made environmental

14 changes, such as temperature and contamination, The results of the first study of seasonal patterns and are important in this context. A central part of the the spread of benthic larvae in sub-arctic regions research activity focuses on properties that are were published in an article by Marc Silberberger. As important for the aquaculture industry, such as the part of his doctoral dissertation, Silberberger studied growth and immune system of different species. The meroplankton in Lofoten and Vesterålen. Spatially research group also uses genetic markers to investi- limited dispersion and larval communities were gate biodiversity, and relationship between species found, highlighting the importance of local bent- and individuals. The research focuses mainly on hic communities for the elasticity of this ecosystem. certain fish species, different benthos species, and entire benthic communities. In the North Sea, the effect of climate change on the distribution of benthic species was modeled by New technology for DNA sequencing introduced Michael Weinert. It showed that the distribution will during the past decade has led to an information change in response to climate warming by 2099, and revolution in biology in general, and genomics in estimated that 64% of species will move northwards. particular. FBA was a pioneer in the national context Michael Streicher performed a successful mesocosm by establishing a facility for large-scale sequencing experiment with more than 40 aquariums in 2016. in 2010. In the facility, the researchers can perform In his doctoral project, Streicher studies effects of mapping of the genetic material of different orga- pollution from aquaculture and farming on marine nisms and investigate which genes are switched on ecosystems using combined lab and field trials. The and off in response to changes in the environment. results will reveal potential additive effects of nutri- The research group had externally funded projects ent pollution that are relevant to ecosystem-based with a total budget of NOK 4.78 million in 2016. management.

MARINE ECOLOGY In addition, Maeve McGovern has started her ph.d. Professor Ketil Eiane was the head of the strategic project on aquaculture effects in deep basins in research group Marine Ecology in 2016. The group sub-Arctic fjords. So far, effects on these, often consisted of seven permanent faculty members, unexplored, ecosystems are not known, and McGo- 13 temporary faculty members (including 11 ph.d. vern will generate new knowledge about the spread students) and two engineers. The research group of benthos and ecology in the deepest parts of the is divided into three units: benthos ecology, biop- fjords. hysical interactions and marine molecular ecology. The molecular ecology and biophysical interactions The research group started several projects in the units is currently working on reevaluation of the pre- summer of 2016 to study the ecological significance valence and ecology of calanus species in the North of sea grass meadows. Many students have parti- Atlantic and Arctic sea areas. cipated in field studies to study the diversity and the food chain for sea grass in the Skjerstad fjord. Marina Espinasse is in the process of completing her The group also took part in a global study named ph.d. thesis with an analysis of how calanus ecology Ocean Bitmap, which studies predators in sea grass in the North Atlantic is affected by local and regio- meadows. Katrin Reiss was the head of the Norwe- nal environmental variations. Boris Espinasse has gian part of the study. The unit for molecular ecology conducted research that shows that local overwin- is midway in two ongoing projects: Seaweed micro- tering populations of calanus can contribute more to biomas and ecology in the epigenome of Arctic plankton communities in the spring than previously seaweed. Alexander Jüterbock was co-author of an thought, and studied how ocean circulation affects article published in Nature in 2016 that addresses the transport of plankton from a deep fjord shelf to the sea grass genome. The field work on the pro- ocean basins during spring. jects is on-going with regular sampling. Sea grass biology was also a central part of the dissemination The group’s research activity in 2016 was primarily activities in 2016, among other things as the main funded by the Norwegian Research Council and theme of exhibitions in Valnesfjord and Stormen industrial partners. The research group had exter- library in Bodø. nally funded projects with a total budget of NOK 5.45 million in 2016.

15 Professor Jorge Fernandes, pictured with Rector Bjørn Olsen and Pro-rector for research and development Bente-Aina Ingebrigtsen. RESEARCH AWARD 2016 Professor Jorge Fernandes received the Nord University Research Award for 2016.

Fernandes received the award on the basis of his project is to investigate the role of epigenetics when work, which contributed to Nord University’s fi rst wild fi sh are introduced into aquaculture facilities grant from the European Research Council’s (ERC) and what consequences they have for sustainable prestigious program Consolidator Grants. This is the aquaculture. The project is important for further fi rst Consolidator Grant approved in aquaculture in development of the aquaculture industry, while also Europe. creating new opportunities for future research in epigenetics. The project name is ”Innovative Epigenetic Markers for Fish Domestication (EPIFISH)”. The purpose of the

16 SEA GRASS IN NATURE ARTICLE

Photo: Galice Hoarau Post Doctor Alexander Jüterbock is co-author of the According to Alexander Jüterbock, seagrass Nature article ”The genome of the seagrass Zostera meadows have as great ecological and economic marina reveals angiosperm adaptation to the sea”. significance as coral reefs and rainforests. Zostera The article was published in the paper edition of marina is widespread in shallow seas along all shores Nature February 18, 2016. of the North Atlantic and the Pacific Ocean. Sea grass meadows protect coastal areas against ero- Alexander Jüterbock, together with researchers from sion, and the meadows provide nourishment and 35 laboratories around the world, has mapped all growing conditions for innumerable species of fish the genes of the sea grass Zostera marina. It is the and marine animals. The sea grass keeps the water most common sea grass on the northern hemisp- clear and it stores CO2. The research project is led by here and is found throughout the whole of Norway. Professor Jeanine Olsen, University of Groningen, Sea grass is also the only marine plant in the world Netherlands. with ancestry on land. SPOTTED WOLFFISH – WELL SUITED TO FARMING Spotted wolffish (Anarhichas minor) is considered Helene R. Knutsen studies how the use of alternative a new species in fish farming despite the fact that marine protein and fat sources from microalgae in it has been on the list of potential farmed species combination with commercial terrestrial and marine since the early 90’s. Spotted wolffish is a less deman- feed ingredients affects bowel and growth through ding species than other marine species such as cod early life stages. A feeding trial has been completed and halibut, and therefore a very exciting species and other attempts are ongoing. Much work still for farming. remains, and tests for biochemical analyzes, histo- logy (bowel, liver and muscle), genetics / proteomics In spite of this, there are bottlenecks that need to be and digestive enzymes will provide more results in solved as production is scaling up. There is a great 2017. need for knowledge about preventive fish health in order to avoid diseases, reproduction, feed and Florence Perera focuses on comparative nutrition nutrition, and technology for farming. Researchers studies on early life stages of spotted wolffish and at Nord University look at some of the issues in close lumpfish. This work will start in earnest in winter/ collaboration with Aminor AS. spring 2017 and will focus on the use of good marine raw materials and various attractors to promote sur- NEED FOR KNOWLEDGE vival and growth in early life stages. The research IN FEED AND NUTRITION projects are carried out at the research station in Mør- Two of the faculty’s ph.d. students have feed and kvedbukta and are a collaboration with Aminor AS, nutrition of spotted wolffish as their research area. partly financed by the Nordland County Municipality

17 and Innovation Norway. Ørjan Hagen, Oddvar Ottesen and Mette Sørensen are supervisors.

SPOTTED WOLFFISH REPRODUCTION RESEARCH 2016-2017 is the third spawning season of the spotted wolffi sh at the facilities in Mørkvedbukta. The spotted wolffi sh research at Nord started in 2014 in collaboration with the company Aminor AS. Since then we have come a long way in the development of protocols for the broodstock (from rearing procedures until the optimization of the fertilization procedures). Some of the main Two spotted wolffish females showing signs of close achievements were the identifi cation of signs of spawning. Females are kept in a fenced area in the hours close spawning in the females, the built up of the that precede spawning to facilitate monitoring. Eggs are stripped manually once the female is ready. infrastructure and knowledge to incubate wolffi sh eggs and follow their development until hatching or the development of a sperm bank as part of the WOLFSTORE project.

Two spotted wolffi sh females showing signs of close spawning. Females are kept in a fenced area in the hours that precede spawning to facilitate monitoring. Eggs are stripped manually once the female is ready.

The WOLFSTORE project, fi nanced by MABIT from 2016 until 2018, has been developed primarily to solve the gametes synchronization problem (simul- taneous availability of mature eggs and sperm) and the limiting amount of good quality sperm in this species. The goal of the project is to develop sperm refrigeration and cryopreservation protocols for the spotted wolffi sh. Currently a sperm bank has already been created to secure the availability of sperm at the end of the spawning season when there is no more fl uent males. The putative internal fertilization of this species and the fact that the sperm is already active when stripped, makes it diff erent from most studied species. The WOLF- STORE will also help to understand more about spotted wolffi sh sperm physiology. Postdoctor Jose Beirao takes part in the WOLFSTORE project. Different steps were optimized for the development of a sperm cryopreservation protocol. The best diluent, cryoprotectants toxicity, freezing and thawing rates, cryopreservation volumes. In the image 0.5ml straws are being fi lled with diluted sperm.

18 The new research building at the research station in Mørkvedbukta. Photo: Tormod Henry Skålsvik DEVELOPMENT AT FBA’S RESEARCH STATION IN MØRKVEDBUKTA There has been major construction activity at the a high level of quality and design in order to handle research station in 2016. Styrhuset has been renova- such major changes in temperature and water qua- ted, and the construction of a new research building lity, and in addition be adapted for teaching. The and two water treatment facilities for recycling of construction includes two separate recycling sys- freshwater and seawater has been completed. The tems with a capacity of 20 and 60 kg of feed per day new research building is strategically important for at 28 °C. The fi rst recycling facility was delivered and FBA and has a total area of 230 m2 divided by two installed in existing buildings at the research station fl oors. The building has two test halls of approx. 70 in the summer of 2016. One month later, the facility m2, with attached rooms for sampling and technical was put into service for initial feeding of Nil-tilapia installation. Despite high technical requirements, (Oreochromis niloticus) in the EPIFISH project. The the engineering and construction period was less talipa is imported from Egypt and is a species that is than a year, and the building was completed at the widely used in research globally. The species grows end of 2016. This had not been possible without the fast and has short reproduction time. Survival and extraordinary commitment of all who contributed growth of the fi sh in the new facility has been very to the process. good.

The building and the water treatment facilities are FBA has ambitions to strengthen its research on the designed for research on both hot and cold water organisms’ health and welfare in the aquaculture species of fi sh in freshwater and in seawater. Both sectors, including various aspects related to the the building and the recirculation facilities requires increased use of recycling in the industry.

19 PH.D. GRADUATE 2016 LOKESH JEPPINAMOGERU (INDIA)

Microbiota of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.), during their early and adult life

Main supervisor: Kiron Viswanath

Lokesh Jeppinamogeru completed his ph.d. on the 3rd of November 2016.

ABOUT THE THESIS diverse compared to the hatchlings, and that there Atlantic salmon is a high-value fish that is farmed was a shift in the bacterial community composition for food. The production of the fish has been ste- of the eggs during the incubation period. Hatching adily increasing over the years; correspondingly coincided with a rapid rise in the community rich- there is a constant need for developing sustainable ness. In addition, the bacterial communities in the management strategies, including those for impro- intestine were different for each of the salmon’s life ving health. Manipulation of the host microbial stages. The transfer from freshwater to seawater communities is a potential strategy to achieve the was found to have a significant effect on the skin goal, but this requires an in-depth knowledge on communities, even at one week after transfer. the community. Research suggests that interactions between host and microbiota directly affect animal Overall, the results show variations in bacterial survival. communities in fish as a result of ontogenetic and environmental changes. The information pre- Lokesh Jeppinamogeru used a gene sequencing sented in this thesis may be useful to the salmon technique to study early-life, intestinal and skin farming industry regarding the improvement of sal- microbiota of Atlantic salmon. The results indicated mon’s health, nutritional aspects and management that the egg-associated microbiota was relatively less strategies. NEW PH.D.STUDENTS 2016 Eight new ph.d. students joined FBA in 2016. All eight are employed as fellows.

From top left: Arseny Dubin (Russia), Kyle Rogers (USA), Maeve Mc Govern (USA), Peter Schulze (Germany), Solveig Lysfjord Sørensen (Norway) and William Hatchett (England). Ioannis Konstantinidis (Greece) and Florence Perera (Sri Lanka) was not present when the pictures were taken.

20 HSE PROJECT COMPLETED In autumn 2013, the management at FBA initiated a plan. The risk assessment of the faculty conducted major review of the HSE system at the faculty. The in November 2016 documented that all risk factors project was started due to lack of a well-functioning identified in 2014 is reduced or eliminated. system, both centrally and at the faculty. Wergeland Bedriftsutvikling AS (WBU) was hired to provide The project has led to a high focus on HSE at all levels assistance for review, quality assurance and further at the faculty, which has resulted in both staff and development of the system. The project goal was to management focusing on preventive HSE work and ensure a fully implemented HSE which is in daily thinking security to a far greater extent than at the use and meets the regulatory requirements of the start of the project. authorities. The management review is a quality assurance for The first part of the project also included establishing continuous improvement of the HSE system. FBA an overall HSE system at former UiN. has prepared a HSE Action Plan for 2017 in collaboration with FBA’s Working Environment Group. The process started with WBU carrying out an audit The quality assurance system CIM is implemented at of the HSE system in July 2014, followed by an overall Nord and is the university’s main tool for HSE work. risk assessment in August 2014. Based on the risk assessment, a project plan was drawn up and the The faculty is very pleased to have established a qua- faculty established three resource groups: 1) field lity assured and good HSE system, and continuously work and excursions, 2) chemicals, and 3) biological focuses on improving and simplifying the system. material. All resource groups created new procedures during the winter 2014/2015. On 01.01.2016, UiN was merged with HiNT to Nord University, and FBA is now affiliated with both cam- In February 2016 and November 2016, the mana- puses in Bodø and Steinkjer. This requires two HSE gement’s review was conducted at FBA. The final systems to merge to a common system that works risk assessment was conducted in November 2016. optimally for both campuses. The main focus forward The project was completed December 2016 and the will therefore be to establish a common HSE system, HMS system is as of 01.01.2017 operating normally. including: training, implementation, ensuring safe operations and continuous improvement. With the help of good dedication and effort from the staff, the project was completed according to KEY FIGURES

2016 2015 2014 Credit points production 287,99 227,93 199,6 Publication points 40,27 42,68 29,05 Admission ph.d students 8 10 4 Completed ph.d. students 1 2 3 Number of registered ph.d. students 28 21 16 Ph.d. student withdrawals 0 3 0

Project funding: EU projects 2,6 mill 0 0,7 mill NRC projects 6,7 mill 8,3 mill 5,1 mill

21 FACULTY SEMINAR IN STEINKJER

Professor Truls Moum was one of many presenters at the faculty seminar.

FBA arranged a faculty seminar in Steinkjer in June professor Jørgen Kristoffersen at Nordahl Grieg High 2016. Besides the professional, the social part was just School held lectures on modern learning methods as important. NSN in Steinkjer was invited to attend focusing on natural sciences. Pedagogist Torstein the entire seminar. A total of 65 academic, technical Nielsen Hole, fellow at BioCEED, held lectures on and administrative colleagues participated, inclu- learning and practice using active teaching methods ding 46 who traveled from Bodø and 19 from NSN. in biology. The seminar program included lectures, experience exchange and group discussions on future-oriented An afternoon trip to Øyna on Inderøy was arran- teaching and learning. Two students and associate ged the first day. In addition to a dinner with local

Archery was one of the activities participants tried their hand at.

22 ingredients, the participants tried their hand at activi- Quality of education was in focus on the third and ties such as boot throw and archery in great weather. last day of the seminar. The participants were divided into groups and discussed how to make today’s study Research at FBA and at the section for agriculture program better and more attractive. The seminar was and wildlife management was in focus on day two. a success and allowed the participants to become Tore Remman, Head of the NHO bioeconomics familiar both on the personal and professional level. panel, gave a presentation on bioscience as the foundation for bioeconomics. Susanne Braun, Head of the Research Center for Bioeconomics at the Uni- versity of Hohenheim, Germany, gave a presentation on the implementation of bioeconomics as a strategic focus area in research and education. Both academic, administrative and technical staff participated in group discussions after the presentations.

THE NATIONAL SCIENCE WEEK 2016 The National Science Week is a national annu- the National Science Week, but it is the various local ally held festival where all kinds of research and organizers who provide the content. The theme for knowledge based institutions are invited to showcase 2016 was boundaries. FBA was involved in several their activities to the public. The Norwegian Research events and activities. Council is the project manager and secretariat of

ÅPEN BUKT The traditional family event Åpen bukt was orga- open, visitors participated in various activities such nized by FBA during the national Sciences Week as competitions and quizzes, doing formation acti- this year. On 25 September, the research station in vities, look at marine life in the microscope, touch Mørkvedbukta opened to the public. Despite bad diff erent creatures from the shoreline and the sea, weather conditions with rain and low temperatu- and meeting researchers who explained how they res, a lot of visitors showed up. Young and old got work. The arrangement committee for 2016 con- to experience and touch exciting creatures from the sisted of Katrine Klippenberg, Bjørnar Eggen, Bente sea, and got an insight into what research is being Sunde and Hilde Ribe. done by FBA. During the four hours the event was

23 Young and old got to experience and touch exciting creatures from the sea. Photo: Martin Losvik NYSGJERRIGPERDAGEN Nysgjerrigperdagen is a collaboration between actors contributed a total of 16 stands. FBA had Kunnskapsparken Bodø AS, Nord University and two stands, with the topics 1) ”What is DNA” and 2) Nysgjerrigper (The Norwegian Research Council). ”Discover the properties of liquid nitrogen”. Senior The purpose of the day is long term and threefold; engineer Martina Kopp and master student Mikal one is that the children are motivated to work with Meltvik explained DNA to the schoolchildren and research when they get older, second is to show- allowed them to examine calanus in microscope. case the research that takes place locally, and last but Engineer Anjana Palihawadana and FBA’s appren- not least - to motivate to educate and settle locally. tice Mathias Kristensen demonstrated the properties On September 28, over 200 schoolchildren in the of liquid nitrogen and frozen carbon dioxide using 6th grade and their teachers from the schools in roses, bananas and balloons. Salten gained insight into local research. Various RESEARCH BATTLE The Einstein quote “if you can’t explain it simply, you and in a loose and free form, complicated topics don’t understand it well enough” was the starting were simplified and presented for a heterogeneous point when ph.d. students Julia Olsen and Esben group of listeners. Using a magic wand, a pointer, Olesen at the Faculty of Social Sciences took the a ball of yarn or a poster with a clear address to the initiative for the event Research Battle. The event US presidential campaign, eight of the participants is new and experiments with the communication qualified for the final. The final was held in Stormen form in an attempt to reach a wider audience with Library on Friday, September 30th. Helene Rønquist the research done at Nord. Fourteen ph.d. students Knutsen, Asan Mohideen, Peter Schulze and William participated in the qualification round at Studenthu- Hatchett represented FBA. All four qualified for the set UFO. Each participant was given four minutes, final. Helene Rønquist Knutsen ”battled” the compe- and they had to present their research without using titors in the final and won with her talk ”the spotted PowerPoint or other digital means. With conviction wolffish and why we want to culture it”.

24 The ph.d. students tested their communication skills in Research Battle. Photo: Trine Åsheim Bernhardsen BOOK A RESEARCHER Teachers at upper secondary schools in Nordland FBA professor Jarle Tryti Nordeide was booked by can book a researcher to teach a class and tell about Hadsel, Saltdal and Bodø upper secondary schools, her/his research. The researchers provide a descrip- where he taught ”Courtship advice from nature”, tions of the topics they can teach and the teachers ”Cod spawning behavior off Lofoten”, ”When humans choose which topic is best suited to the curriculum. wandered out of Africa and into Europe” and ”How The students get the chance to meet a researcher and did life start on earth?”. Associate Professor Terje D. get updated knowledge of a relevant research area – Josefsen was available with the lecture ”Worm on adapted to the target group. Researchers from Nord the brain! About reindeer’s brain worm, a common University and Nordlandsforskning can be booked parasite in northern Norway ». by upper secondary schools throughout Nordland. THE RESEARCH VILLAGE OF VALNESFJORD FBA arranged the event ”the research village of place in the nearby fjords. Professor Galice Hoarau Valnesfjord” on September 18 as part of the prepa- demonstrated the drone that he and the team use rations for the National Science Week. The event in their research on sea grass, to great excitement took place at Valnesfjord Library and the purpose from the visitors. There were activities for children, was to showcase Valnesfjord as a place where rese- and free waffles, juice and coffee. Children were arch is conducted at an international level. Several given the opportunity to participate in various acti- FBA researchers, including FBA’s local residents vities, and all visitors got to enjoy free waffles, juice Galice Hoarau, Irina Smolina, Alexander Jüterbock and coffee. Around 100 people visited the library and Heidi Ludviksen, contributed to the event. The during the day. The event was supported by Nord- researchers showed what they are working on and land County Council and was coordinated by Trine the visitors learned about what research is taking Åsheim Bernhardsen, FBA.

25 The research village of Valnesfjord. Photo: Galice Hoarau

The organizers from FBA, including Trine’s little helpers. Photo: Eva Winther (Saltenposten)

26 CENTER FOR CONTINUING EDUCATION IN AQUACULTURE

FBA entered into three new agreements on delivery of continuing education programmes to Marine Harvest employees in 2016. Two of the programmes were for studies lasting three years, while the third runs over two semesters.

FBA has offered continuing education to the aqua- NEW COMPETENCE PROGRAMMES culture industry for more than ten years. The faculty Marine Harvest Norway AS signed an agreement customizes competence building programmes with Nord University in 2016 for the delivery of two based on the industry’s needs. Tuition is session-ba- new continuing education programmes in Aqu- sed, which allows participants to study even if they aculture Management and Quality Management are working full time. in Seafood Production. Both programmes started during the spring semester of 2016 and will be CONTINUING EDUCATION FOR completed during the autumn semester of 2018. THE AQUACULTURE INDUSTRY FBA started programmes in Aquaculture Mana- The faculty also received an order from Marine gement and Quality Management in Seafood Harvest to develop and provide a course in smolt Production during the mid-2000s. The program- production with a focus on water treatment techn- mes runs over three years, are interdisciplinary and ology. First session of the new course named Water each consist of six subjects of 10 credits. Managers Chemistry and Water Treatment Technology was at all levels and operators in aquaculture companies held in June 2016. The second session was held in are the target group for Aquaculture Management. August and the course was completed with a third Quality Management in Seafood Production is session in September. Associate Professor Torstein aimed at people working with processing. FBA has Kristensen was course responsible. also developed and provided a number of indivi- dual continuing education courses to the seafood Marine Harvest operates over a hundred sites along industry, e.g. broodstock production, feed techno- the coast of Norway, stretching from the south to the logy, water treatment technology, nutrition, salmon north. Employees who participate in the program- lice, training program for cod farming and coastal mes is thus resident at various locations along the zone planning. The center for continuing educa- Norwegian coast. As a consequence, Marine Harvest tion in aquaculture aims to help the seafood industry wants the courses to be held in Mid-Norway. Most become more competitive and based on the prin- of the courses are therefore held at campus Stjørdal. ciples of sustainability. Advisor Viktor Solbakken is the faculty’s contact AQUACULTURE MANAGEMENT PRO- person. Amanuensis Grete Lysfjord is head of pro- GRAMME FOR COMPANIES IN FINNMARK gramme for Aquaculture Management and Associate The Aquaculture Management programme for Professor Marit Bjørnevik is head of programme for companies in Finnmark started in January 2014 and Quality Management in Seafood Production. was completed in the autumn of 2016. Employees from Cermaq Norway AS, Grieg Seafood Finnmark AS, Lerøy Aurora AS, Marine Harvest Norway AS and NRS Finnmark AS participated.

27 PROFESSIONALLY REVIEWED SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS 2016 Points rewarding scientific production, including Online First articles

STRATEGIC RESEARCH GROUP AQUACULTURE Benvenuti, Giulia; Bosma, Rouke; Ji, Fang; Lamers, Packo; Barbosa, Maria J.; Wijffels, Rene Hubertus. Batch and semi-continuous microalgal TAG production in lab-scale and outdoor photobioreactors. Journal of Applied Phycology 2016; Volum 28.(6) p.3167-3177 Benvenuti, Giulia; Lamers, Packo P.; Breuer, Guido; Bosma, Rouke; Cerar, Ana; Wijffels, Rene Hubertus; Barbosa, Maria J. Microalgal TAG production strategies: why batch beats repeatedbatch. Biotechnology for Biofuels 2016; Volum 9.(64) Bjørnevik, Marit; Hanssen, Henriette; Roth, Bjørn; Foss, Atle; Vikingstad, Erik J.M; Solberg, Christel; Imsland, Albert. Effects of starvation, subsequent feeding and photoperiod on flesh quality in farmed cod (Gadus morhua). Aquaculture Nutrition 2016 Blanken, Ward; Magalhaes, Ana; Sebestyén, Petra; Rinzema, Arjen; Wijffels, Rene Hubertus; Janssen, Marcel. Microalgal biofilm growth under day-night cycles. Algal Research 2016; Volum 21. p.16-26 Blanken, Ward; Postma, P.R. (Richard); de Winter, Lenneke; Wijffels, Rene Hubertus; Janssen, Marcel. Predicting microalgae growth. Algal Research 2016; Volum 14. p.28-38 Blanken, Ward; Schaap, Stefan; Theobald, Sophie; Rinzema, Arjen; Wijffels, Rene Hubertus; Janssen, Marcel. Optimizing Carbon Dioxide Utilization for Microalgae Biofilm Cultivation. Biotechnology and Bioengineering 2016; Volum 114.(4) p.769-776 Brinchmann, Monica Fengsrud. Immune relevant molecules identified in the skin mucus of fish using omics technologies. Molecular Biosystems 2016; Volum 12.(7) p.2056-2063 Cabanelas, Iago Teles Dominguez; Fernandes, Carolina; Kleinegris, Dorinde; Wijffels, Rene Hubertus; Barbosa, Maria J. Cell diameter doesn’t affect lipid productivity of Chlorococcum littorale. Algal Research 2016; Volum 19. p.333-341 Cabanelas, Iago Teles Dominguez; Kleinegris, Dorinde; Wijffels, Rene Hubertus; Barbosa, Maria J.. Repeated nitrogen starvation doesn’t affect lipid productivity of Chlorococcum littorale. Bioresource Technology 2016; Volum 219. p.576-582 Cabanelas, Iago Teles Dominguez; Van Der Zwart, Mathijs; Kleinegris, Dorinde; Wijffels, Rene Hubertus; Barbosa, Maria J. Sorting cells of the microalga Chlorococcum littorale with increased triacylglycerol productivity. Biotechnology for Biofuels 2016; Volum 9. de Mooij, Tim; de Vries, Guus; Latsos, Christos; Wijffels, Rene Hubertus; Jansen, Marcel. Impact of light color on photobioreactor productivity. Algal Research 2016; Volum 15. p.32-42 de Mooij, Tim; Nejad, Zeynab Rajabali; van Buren, Lennard; Wijffels, Rene Hubertus; Janssen, Marcel. Effect of photoacclimation on microalgae mass culture productivity. Algal Research 2016; Volum 22. p.56-67 de Mooij, Tim; Schediwy, Kira; Wijffels, Rene Hubertus; Janssen, Marcel. Modeling the competition between antenna size mutant and wild type microalgae in outdoor mass culture. Journal of Biotechnology 2016; Volum 240. p.1-13 de Vree, Jeroen Hendrik; Bosma, Rouke; Wieggers, Rick; Gegic, Snezana; Janssen, Marcel; Barbosa, Maria J.; Wijffels, Rene Hubertus. Turbidostat operation of outdoor pilot-scale photobioreactors. Algal Research 2016; Volum 18. p.198-208 de Winter, L.; Cabanelas, I.T.D.; Órfão, A.N.; Vaessen, E.; Martens, D.E.; Wijffels, Rene Hubertus; Barbosa, M.J.. The influence of day length on circadian rhythms of Neochloris oleoabundans. Algal Research 2016; Volum 22. p.31-38 Greene, Charles H.; Huntley, Mark E.; Archibald, Ian; Gerber, Léda N.; Sills, Deborah L.; Granados, Joe; Tester, Jeffer- son W.; Beal, Colin M.; Walsh, Michael J.; Bidigare, Robert R.; Brown, Susan L.; Cochlan, William P.; Johnson, Zackary I.; Lei, Xin Gen; Machesky, Stephen C.; Redalje, Donald G.; Richardson, Ruth E.; Kiron, Viswanath; Corless, Virginia. Marine microalgae: Climate, energy, and food security from the sea. Oceanography 2016; Volum 29.(4) p.10-15

28 Haraldstad, Tormod; Kroglund, Frode; Kristensen, Torstein; Jonsson, Bror; Haugen, Thrond O. Diel migration pattern of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and sea trout (Salmo trutta) smolts: an assessment of environmental cues. Ecology of Freshwater Fish 2016 Janoska, Agnes; Lamers, Packo P.; Hamhuis, Alex; van Eimeren, Yorick; Wijffels, Rene Hubertus; Janssen, Marcel. A liquid foam-bed photobioreactor for microalgae production. Chemical Engineering Journal 2016; Volum 313. p.1206-1214 Kiron, Viswanath; Sørensen, Mette; Huntley, Mark; Vasanth, Ghana Kalerammana; Gong, Yangyang; Dahle, Dalia; Palihawadana, Anjana Mahesh. Defatted biomass of the microalga, Desmodesmus sp., can replace fishmeal in the feeds for Atlantic salmon. Frontiers in Marine Science 2016; Volum 3.(67) Lamers, Dennis; van Biezen, Nick; Martens, Dirk; Peters, Linda; van de Zilver, Eric; Jacobs-van Dreumel, Nicole; Wijffels, Rene Hubertus; Lokman, Christien. Selection of oleaginous yeasts for fatty acid production. BMC Biotechnology 2016 ;Volum 16.(1) Lind, Vibeke; Tayyab, Usama; Novoa Garrido, Margarita; Roleda, Michael; Weisbjerg, Martin Riis. Digestibility and degradability of seaweed protein in ruminants. I: The multiple roles of grassland in the European bioeconomy. European Grassland Federation EGF 2016 ISBN 978-82-17-01677-9. p.436-438 Lokesh, Jep; Kiron, Viswanath. Transition from freshwater to seawater reshapes the skin-associated microbiota of Atlantic salmon. Scientific Reports 2016 ;Volum 6. Olsvik, Pål A.; Ulvund, John B.; Teien, Hans C.; Urke, Henning A.; Lie, Kai K.; Kristensen, Torstein. Transcriptional effects of metal-rich acid drainage water from the abandoned Løkken Mine on Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) smolt. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health 2016; Volum 79.(13-15) p.612-632 Pan, Xiao; Streefland, Mathieu; Dalm, Ciska; Wijffels, Rene Hubertus; Martens, Dirk E.. Selection of chemically defined media for CHO cell fed-batch culture processes. Cytotechnology (Dordrecht) 2016; Volum 69.(1) p.39-56 Postma, P.R. (Richard); ‘t Lam, G.P.; Barbosa, M.J.; Wijffels, Rene Hubertus; Eppink, M.H.M.; Olivieri, G.. Microalgal Biorefinery for Bulk and High-Value Products: Product Extraction Within Cell Disintegration. I: Handbook of Electroporation. Springer 2016 ISBN 978-3-319-26779-1. p.1-20 Postma, P.R.; Suarez-Garcia, E.; Safi, C.; Yonathan, K.; Olivieri, G.; Barbosa, M.J.; Wijffels, Rene Hubertus; Eppink, M.H.M.. Energy efficient bead milling of microalgae: Effect of bead size on disintegration and release of proteins and carbohydrates. Bioresource Technology 2016; Volum 224. p.670-679 Presslauer, Christopher Edward; Bizuayehu, Teshome Tilahun; Razmi, Komeil; Fernandes, Jorge; Babiak, Igor. See-Thru-Gonad zebrafish line: developmental and functional validation. Reproduction 2016; Volum 152. p.507-517 Ruiz, Jesús; Olivieri, Giuseppe; de Vree, Jeroen Hendrik; Bosma, Rouke; Willems, Philippe; Reith, J. Hans; Eppink, Michel H.M.; Kleinegris, Dorinde M.M.; Wijffels, Rene Hubertus; Barbosa, Maria J.. Towards industrial products from microalgae. Energy & Environmental Science 2016; Volum 9.(10) p.3036-3043 Schulze, Peter; Carvalho, Carolina F.M.; Pereira, Hugo; Gangadhar, Katkam N.; Schüler, Lisa M.; Santos, Tamára F.; Varela, João C.S.; Barreira, Luísa. Urban wastewater treatment by Tetraselmis sp. CTP4 (Chlorophyta). Bioresource Technology 2016; Volum 223. p.175-183 ‘t Lam, G. P.; Giraldo, J.B.; Vermuë, M. H.; Olivieri, G.; Eppink, M.H.M.; Wijffels, Rene Hubertus. Understanding the salinity effect on cationic polymers in inducing flocculation of the microalga Neochloris oleoabundans. Journal of Biotechnology 2016; Volum 225. p.10-17 Thomas, Ancy; Sudheer, Naduvilamuriparampu; Kiron, Viswanath; Bright Singh, Issac S; Narayanan, Rangarajan Badri. Expression profile of key immune-related genes in Penaeus monodon juveniles after oral administration of recombinant envelope protein VP28 of white spot syndrome virus. Microbial Pathogenesis 2016; Volum 96. p.72-79 Vatsos, Ioannis. Standardizing the microbiota of fish used in research.. Laboratory Animals. Journal of the Laboratory Animal Science Association 2016 Yousaf, M. Naveed; Koppang, Erling Olaf; Zou, Jun; Secombes, Christopher J; Powell, Mark. Immunolocalization of immune cells and cell cycle proteins in the bulbus arteriosus of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.). Fish and Shellfish Immunology 2016; Volum 51. p.64-69

29 Zhang, Yangfan; Timmerhaus, Gerrit; Anttila, Katja; Mauduit, Florian; Jørgensen, Sven Martin; Kristensen, Torstein; Claireaux, Guy; Takle, Harald Rune; Farrell, Anthony P.. Domestication compromises athleticism and respiratory plasticity in response to aerobic exercise training in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). Aquaculture 2016; Volum 463. p.79-88

STRATEGIC RESEARCH GROUP MARINE ECOLOGY Bandara, Kanchana; Varpe, Øystein; Søreide, Janne; Wallenschus, Jago; Berge, Jørgen; Eiane, Ketil. Seasonal vertical strategies in a high-Arctic coastal zooplankton community. Marine Ecology Progress Series 2016; Volum 555. p.49-64 Chust, Guillem; Villarino, Ernesto; Chenuil, Anne; Irigoien, Xabier; Bizsel, Nihayet; Bode, Antonio; Broms, Cecilie; Claus, Simon; Fernández De Puelles, Maria L.; Fonda-Umani, Serena; Hoarau, Galice Guillaume; Mazzocchi, Maria G.; Mozeti, Patricija; Vandepitte, Leen; Verissimo, Helena; Zervoudaki, Soultana; Borja, Angel. Dispersal similarly shapes both population genetics and community patterns in the marine realm. Scientific Reports 2016; Volum 6:28730. Egeland, Einar Skarstad. Carotenoids. I: The physiology of microalgae. Springer Science + Business Media B.V. 2016 ISBN 9783319249438. p.507-563 Espinasse, Boris Dristan; Basedow, Sünnje Linnéa; Tverberg, Vigdis; Hattermann, Tore; Eiane, Ketil. A major Calanus finmarchicus overwintering population inside a deep fjord in northern Norway: implications for cod larvae recruitment success. Journal of Plankton Research 2016; Volum 38.(3) p.604-609 Espinasse, Boris Dristan; Tverberg, Vigdis; Basedow, Sünnje Linnéa; Hattermann, Tore; Nøst, Ole Anders; Albretsen, Jon; Skardhamar, Jofrid; Eiane, Ketil. Mechanisms regulating inter-annual variability in zooplankton advection over the Lofoten shelf, implications for cod larvae survival. Fisheries Oceanography 2016 Jüterbock, Alexander; Franssen, Susanne; Bergmann, Nina; Gu, Jenny; Coyer, James A.; Reusch, Thorsten B.H.; Bornberg-Bauer, Erich; Olsen, Jeanine L.. Phylogeographic differentiation versus transcriptomic adaptation to warm temperatures in Zostera marina, a globally important seagrass. Molecular Ecology 2016; Volum 25.(21) p.5396-5411 Jüterbock, Alexander; Smolina, Irina; Coyer, James A.; Hoarau, Galice Guillaume. The fate of the Arctic seaweed Fucus distichus under climate change: an ecological niche modeling approach. Ecology and Evolution 2016; Volum 6.(6) p.1712-1724 Olsen, Jeanine L.; Rouzé, Pierre; Verhelst, Bram; Lin, Yao-Cheng; Bayer, Till; Collen, Jonas; Dattolo, Emanuela; De Paoli, Emanuele; Dittami, Simon; Maumus, Florian; Michel, Gurvan; Kersting, Anna; Lauritano, Chiara; Lohaus, Rolf; Töpel, Mats; Tonon, Thierry; Vanneste, Kevin; Amirebrahimi, Mojgan; Brakel, Janina; Boström, Christoffer; Chovatia, Mansi; Grimwood, Jane; Jenkins, Jerry W; Jüterbock, Alexander; Mraz, Amy; Stam, Wytze T.; Tice, Hope; Bornberg-Bauer, Erich; Green, Pamela J.; Pearson, Gareth A; Procaccini, Gabriele; Duarte, Carlos M.; Schmutz, Jeremy; Reusch, Thorsten B.H.; Van De Peer, Yves. The genome of the seagrass Zostera marina reveals angiosperm adaptation to the sea. Nature 2016; Volum 530.(7590) p.331-335 Russo, Ennio; Franke, Konstantin; Hager, Helena; Espinasse, Boris; Herwig, Stibor; Schultes, Sabine. Modifying the functional diversity in the zooplankton assemblage of an oligotrophic lake differentially affects pelagic community structure and biomass. Food Webs 2016; Volum 8. p.23-31 Silberberger, Marc Jürgen; Renaud, Paul; Espinasse, Boris Dristan; Reiss, Henning. Spatial and temporal structure of the meroplankton community in a sub-Arctic shelf system. Marine Ecology Progress Series 2016; Volum 555. p.79-93 Silberberger, Marc Jürgen; Thormar, Jonas; Fredriksen, Stein. Small-scale removal of seagrass (Zostera marina L.): effects on the infaunal community. Marine Biology Research 2016; Volum 12. p.993-1002 Smolina, Irina; Harmer, Rachel A.; Lindeque, Penelope; Hoarau, Galice Guillaume. Reduced up-regulation of gene expression in response to elevated temperatures in the mid-Atlantic population of Calanus finmarchicus. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 2016; Volum 485. p.88-93 Smolina, Irina; Kollias, Spyridon; Jüterbock, Alexander; Coyer, James A.; Hoarau, Galice Guillaume. Variation in thermal stress response in two populations of the brown seaweed, Fucus distichus, from the Arctic and subarctic intertidal. Royal Society Open Science 2016; Volum 3.

30 Weinert, Michael; Mathis, Moritz; Kröncke, Ingrid; Neumann, Hermann; Pohlmann, Thomas; Reiss, Henning. Modelling climate change effects on benthos: Distributional shifts in the North Sea from 2001 to 2099. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 2016; Volum 175. p.157-168

STRATEGIC RESEARCH GROUP MARINE GENOMICS Batista, Sonia; Medina, A; Pires, M.A.; Moriñigo, M.A.; Sansuwan, K; Fernandes, Jorge; Valente, L.M.P.; Ozório, R.O.A.. Innate immune response, intestinal morphology and microbiota changes in Senegalese sole fed plant protein diets with probiotics or autolyzed yeast. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 2016; Volum 100.(16) p.7223-7238 Batista, Sonia; Ozorio, Rodrigo; Kollias, Spyridon; Dhanasiri, Anusha; Lokesh, Jep; Kiron, Viswanath; Valente, Luisa M.P.; Fernandes, Jorge. Changes in intestinal microbiota, immune- and stress-related transcript levels in Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis) fed plant ingredient diets intercropped with probiotics or immunostimulants. Aquaculture 2016; Volum 458. p.149-157 Bizuayehu, Teshome Tilahun; Furmanek, Tomasz; Karlsen, Ørjan; van der Meeren, Terje; Edvardsen, Rolf; Rønnestad, Ivar; Hamre, Kristin; Johansen, Steinar Daae; Babiak, Igor. First feed affects the expressions of microRNA and their targets in Atlantic cod. British Journal of Nutrition 2016; Volum 115.(7) p.1145-1154 Brandner, Melissa Michelle; Stübner, Eike Ingrid; Reed, Adam J.; Gabrielsen, Tove M.; Thatje, Sven. Seasonality of bivalve larvae within a high Arctic fjord. Polar Biology 2016 Canada, Paula; Engrola, Sofia; Mira, Sara; Teodosio, Rita; Fernandes, Jorge; Sousa, Vera; Barriga-Negra, Lucia; Conceicao, Luis E.C.; Valente, L. M. P.. The supplementation of a microdiet with crystalline indispensable amino-acids affects muscle growth and the expression pattern of related genes in Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis) larvae. Aquaculture 2016; Volum 458. p.158-169 Egeland, Torvald Blikra; Rudolfsen, Geir; Nordeide, Jarle Tryti; Folstad, Ivar. Status specific tailoring of sperm behavior in an external fertilizer. Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution 2016; Volum 4.(135) El-Gewely, M. Raafat; Andreassen, Morten; Walquist, Mari; Ursvik, Anita; Knutsen, Erik; Nystad, Mona; Coucheron, Dag H; Myrmel, Kristin Smistad; Hennig, Rune; Johansen, Steinar Daae. Differentially expressed micro RNAs in meningiomas grades I and II suggest shared biomarkers with malignant tumors. Cancers 2016; Volum 8:31.(3) Fiskaa, Tonje; Knutsen, Erik; Nikolaisen, Malene; Jørgensen, Tor Erik; Johansen, Steinar Daae; Perander, maria; Seternes, Ole Morten. Distinct small RNA signatures in extracellular vesicles derived from breast cancer cell lines. PLoS ONE 2016; Volum 11.(8) Nagasawa, Kazue; Sarropoulou, Elena; Edvardsen, Vigdis; Fernandes, Jorge. Substantial Downregulation of Myogenic Transcripts in Skeletal Muscle of Atlantic Cod during the Spawning Period. PLoS ONE 2016; Volum 11.(2) Nordeide, Jarle Tryti; Matos, Felipe. Solo Schistocephalus solidus tapeworms are nasty. Parasitology 2016; Volum 143.(10) p.1301-1309 Skjærven, Kaja Helvik; Jakt, Lars Martin; Dahl, John Arne; Espe, Marit; Aanes, Håvard; Hamre, Kristin; Fernandes, Jorge. Parental vitamin deficiency affects the embryonic gene expression of immune-, lipid transport-and apolipoprotein genes. Scientific Reports 2016; Volum 6.

31 FBA is one of five faculties at the Nord University, and is represented at two of Nord’s campuses, Bodø and Steinkjer. FBA is responsible for research and education within animal sciences, aquaculture, ecology and genomics. Nord University’s strategy pints out blue and green growth as one of its three profiles and the faculty aspires to be the preferred partner in the High North within this part of the bio-economy.

In recent years, FBA has undergone major developments and projects financed by prestigious programmes like FRIPRO (The Research Council of Norway) and ERC Consolidator Grants (The European Research Council) are part of the faculty’s project portfolio.

The faculty has approximately 130 academic and technical/administrative employees, of which ca 30% is recruited internationally. Twenty of the faculty’s employees are located at campus Steinkjer. The staff at Steinkjer are focusing on research and education within terrestrial ecology/natural resource management and animal sciences. The remaining are located in Bodø, focusing on aquaculture,animal science, genomics and marine ecology.

FBA has ca 840 students and offers eight bachelor’s degree programmes within aquaculture, biology, international marketing, animal sciences, veterinary nursing and natural resource management. The faculty also offers a master’s degree programme in Biology and Aquaculture, life-long learning courses and a doctoral degree programme in Aquatic Biosciences.

Follow us at: 8049 Bodø Phone: +47 75 51 72 00 https://www.facebook.com/ArcticBioscience [email protected] www.nord.no https://instagram.com/fbanordland/