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Zeitschrift der Bundespolizei 39. Jahrgang ISSN 2190-6718 4-2012 Titelthema Themenheft Integriertes Grenzmanagement Ein solides Bauwerk mit vier Säulen Bundespolizei Seite 4 In- & Ausland Missionen für den Frieden im Ausland Seite 10 Personal & Haushalt Eignungsauswahlverfahren und Basisseminar Seite 23 Technik & Logistik Material für die Auslandsmissionen Seite 30 | 4-2012 Inhalt Eine Frau steht ihren Damals Fit im Ausland Mann Sandra Jones ist derzeit als Dienst- Hütten auf Stelzen, 40 Grad Außen- Nicht nur Krankheitserreger machen hundführerin in Afghanistan und bildet temperatur und 90 Prozent Luftfeuch- es den Auslandsverwendern schwer. dort afghanische Hundeführer aus. tigkeit. Kambodscha – das zweite Auch die große Entfernung zur Familie Land, in dem Beamte der heutigen kann belastend sein. Bundespolizei eingesetzt waren. Seite 20 Seite 35 Seite 46 Titelthema Technik & Logistik Sport & Gesundheit Integriertes Grenzmanagement ..4 Das Material für die Fit im Ausland..............46 Auslandsmissionen ..........30 In & Ausland Einheitliche Ausstattung? .....33 Leserbriefe Missionen für den Frieden.....10 ........................48 Geschichte mit offenem Ende ..15 Recht & Wissen SIK - ein gutes Team als Damals ..................35 Zu guter Letzt Lebensversicherung .........16 Die Geschichte der Basisinfo Ausland ...........50 Außenansicht ..............19 Bundespolizei im Ausland .....38 Eine Frau steht ihren Mann ....20 Success at the Assessment Centre..........42 Personal & Haushalt Eignungsauswahlverfahren Portrait und Basisseminar ...........23 Ein Rosenheimer in 5 Fragen an ... .............27 Georgien . .44 Aus den Augen, aus dem Sinn? 28 | 4-2012 Impressum Herausgeber Bundespolizeipräsidium 3 Redaktion Ivo Priebe (V.i.S.d.P.) Anja Voss, Alexander Geyer, Frank Borchert, Daniel Nedwed, Torsten Tiedemann, Thomas Borowik, Kati Frost, Sven Drese, Christian Altenhofen, Rudolf Höser, Kurt Lachnit, Ulrike Wulf, Nathalie Lumpé, Torsten Völlmecke, Ines Rabe, Daniela Scholz Liebe Leserinnen und Leser, Anschrift Heinrich-Mann-Allee 103 als die ersten Angehörigen des In dieser Ausgabe beleuchten wir 14473 Potsdam Bundesgrenzschutzes Anfang der diese Fragen detaillierter. Wir stellen 1950er-Jahre ihren Dienst an der einzelne Auslandsverwendungen vor Telefon 0331/97 997-9404, -9407 innerdeutschen Grenze versahen, und lassen einige Auslandsverwender dachte wohl keiner von ihnen daran, zu Wort kommen, die über ihre Erfah- Telefax dass sie Jahrzehnte später als Bun- rungen berichten. 0331/97 997-9411 despolizisten den deutschen Misch- E-Mail wald gegen die karge Landschaft Wenn Sie diese Ausgabe der [email protected] Afghanistans eintauschen würden. kompakt in den Händen halten, wer- den Sie sicherlich bemerken, dass Layout & Satz Fachinformations- und Medienstelle Mittlerweile sind Bundespolizisten sich das Papier anders anfühlt. Um der Bundespolizei in mehr als 80 Ländern der Erde dem Maßnahmenprogramm „Nach- eingesetzt zu finden. Sei es in Missi- haltigkeit der Bundesregierung“ ge- Druck onen, als Dokumenten- und Visabe- recht zu werden und weil wir es selbst Bonifatius GmbH Paderborn rater, in bilateralen Projekten oder im für eine gute Sache halten, haben wir Hausordnungs- und Objektschutz- uns entschieden, die Zeitschrift ab so- Auflage dienst an deutschen Botschaften. fort auf Recyclingpapier zu drucken. 11 600 Erscheinung: Ich schätze, dass jeder von uns Ich wünsche Ihnen viel Freude 6-mal jährlich mittlerweile jemanden in seinem beim Lesen. dienstlichen Umfeld kennt, der schon Wir danken allen Autoren für die in dieser Ausgabe veröffentlichten Beiträge einmal im Ausland tätig war. Ihr Ivo Priebe Für den Inhalt der Beiträge sind Redaktion Bundespolizei kompakt grundsätzlich die Autoren verantwortlich Doch was weiß man tatsächlich Die Redaktion behält sich das Recht der über eine solche Verwendung? Kürzung und Änderung von Beiträgen vor In den Artikeln der kompakt wird aus Welche Anforderungen werden an die Formulierungsgründen grundsätzlich nur Auslandsverwender gestellt? Welche die männliche Form verwendet, alle unterschiedlichen dienstlichen Auf- Ausführungen beziehen sich jedoch gaben im Ausland gibt es? Wie fühlen gleichermaßen auch auf Frauen sich die Mitarbeiter in der neuen Redaktionsschluss Umgebung, und welche Erfahrungen für die Ausgabe 5-2012 müssen sie mitbringen? Wie sieht 15. August 2012 die Betreuung nach einem solchen Titelbild: Einsatz aus, und was ist das für ein Frank Borchert Gefühl, seine Familie oder Freunde oftmals monatelang nicht zu sehen? Titelthema 4 Integriertes Grenzmanagement Ein solides Bauwerk mit vier Säulen. Seit dem Schengen-Beitritt der Schweiz im Dezember 2008 sind die Grenzen zu den Nachbarstaaten Deutschlands nur noch Binnengrenzen – bis auf die Flug- und Seehäfen, wo nach wie vor überwachter Außengrenzverkehr stattfindet. als je zuvor gilt Erste Säule: Vor­ despolizei bei bestimmten Flugrouten Mehr deshalb heute: verlagerungsstrategie bereits vorab über die Reisenden Die Frage der Grenzsicherheit kann informiert ist, können Schleusungen nicht auf das Hoheitsgebiet der Der Begriff „Vorverlagerungsstra- vereitelt und gesuchte Straftäter auf- Bundesrepublik beschränkt betrachtet tegie“ mag sich zwar recht abstrakt gegriffen werden. werden. Entscheidend ist nun auch, anhören. Tatsächlich steht er aber für Das Ziel der Vorverlagerungsstra- über die Grenzen hinaus zu kooperie- keine hochtheoretischen Überlegun- tegie ist, der irregulären Migration ren. Um diesem Erfordernis gerecht gen, sondern beinhaltet Konkretes nach Deutschland und in die EU zu werden, ist auf europäischer Ebe- und Greifbares. Hierzu gehört etwa, möglichst bereits an dem Ort entge- ne das Vier-Säulen-Konzept „Integra- dass die Bundespolizei Grenzpoli- genzuwirken, wo sie entsteht oder ted Border Management“ entwickelt zeiliche Verbindungsbeamte (GVB) besonders begünstigt wird – also in und von der Bundespolizei national sowie Dokumenten- und Visumberater den Herkunftsländern der Migranten umgesetzt worden. (DVB) entsendet. Bundespolizisten und an bedeutsamen Knotenpunkten unterstützen Drittländer in bilateralen entsprechender Migrationsströme in Projekten. Dadurch, dass die Bun- Drittstaaten. | 4-2012 lungen, Passfälschungen oder auch Schleusungsrouten geht. Die vielen unterschiedlichen Einreisebestimmun- gen zu überblicken, ist nicht einfach – auch nach 19 Jahren Dienst auf dem zweitgrößten 5 Flughafen Deutschlands, die der Polizeihauptmeister vorzuweisen hat. Deshalb nutzt er jede Möglichkeit, sich fortzubilden – auch im Alltag. „Hilfreich für meine tägliche Arbeit sind unter anderem die gemeinsa- men Zentren oder auch die Frontex- Informationen ,The Border Post’ und ,Pulsar Weekly’“, sagt der 38-Jährige. „Ich sehe die EU-Außengrenzkontrolle als eine der wichtigsten Aufgaben. Ich bin mir bewusst, dass ich auch die Verantwortung für alle anderen Schengenstaaten mittrage. Denn was wir bei der Einreisekontrolle nicht fest- stellen, wird im Schengenbinnenraum schungen ebenso wie die systema- umso schwerer festzustellen sein.“ tische Auswertung der Berichte der Zweite Säule: GVB, GUA und DVB. Die Schengen-Außengrenze zu konse quente dienst­ schützen, erfordert auch, sich an Kürzere Wartezeiten und eine Maßnahmen außerhalb Deutschlands leistungsorientierte vereinfachte Kontrolle für EU-Bürger zu beteiligen. Deutsche Bundespo- Sicherheitskontrolle an sind Beispiele für eine dienstleis- lizisten unterstützen deshalb andere der Schengen­Außen­ tungsorientierte Sicherheitskontrolle Mitgliedstaaten, etwa in Frontex- an den Schengen-Außengrenzen. Einsätzen oder durch die Entsendung grenze Andreas Stock von der Bundespo- von Grenzpolizeilichen Unterstüt- lizeiinspektion Flughafen München zungskräften Ausland (GUA). Während in Deutschland reguläre, weiß Bescheid, wenn es um Visarege- stationäre Grenzkontrollen zu Lande Andreas Stock begrüßt einen Fluggast an der Grenzkontrollbox. längst der Vergangenheit angehö- ren, kommt es heute umso mehr auf die Filterfunktion der Luft- und Seegrenzen an. Diese Herausfor- derung anzunehmen, bedeutet für die Bundespolizei in erster Linie, das in adäquater Stärke zu stellende Kontrollpersonal zu qualifizieren und mit der neuesten Technik auszustat- ten. Selbstverständlich gehört dazu, auf Grundlage aktueller Erkenntnisse möglichst gezielt vorzugehen. Dies er- lauben die etwa aus den vorliegenden Fahndungstreffern und aus Ermittlun- gen gewonnenen Informationen über Schleusungsrouten und Urkundenfäl- | 4-2012 Dritte Säule: Arbeitsgruppe der IATA zum Thema einfacher gemacht. Das ist auch gut grenzüberschreitende irreguläre Migration (IATA-CAWG) so – aber nur solange der Reisende und übernimmt ab November 2012 kein Krimineller ist. Deshalb ist es Zusammenarbeit mit die rotierende Präsidentschaft in der wichtig, das Endeckungsrisiko für Drittstaaten Control Authorities Working Group. In gesuchte Straftäter, Schleuser und diesem Forum, bei dem sich Einwan- irreguläre Migranten im gesamten 6 Ein effektiver Schutz der EU- derungs-/Sicherheitsbehörden und Bundesgebiet zu erhöhen. Aus die- Außengrenzen ist an eine enge Airlines im ständigen Dialog befinden, sem Grund ist die Bundespolizei an Zusammenarbeit mit den Grenz- und werden Bahnhöfen, Flug- und Seehä- Polizeibehörden der Drittstaaten fen sowie gekoppelt. Im Seebereich sind dies insbesondere die Baltic Sea Region auf den Verkehrswegen an den Schengengrenzen präsent – konkrete Absprachen getroffen, um uniformiert und in Zivil. Border Control Cooperation (BSRB- die irreguläre Migration einzudäm- CC) und das North-Atlantic-Coast-Gu-
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