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The Right of Persons Employed in Polish Public Services to Association in Trade Unions
Studia z Zakresu Prawa Pracy i Polityki Społecznej Studies on Labour Law and Social Policy 2020, 27, nr 1: 23–27 doi:10.4467/25444654SPP.20.003.11719 www.ejournals.eu/sppips Krzysztof Baran https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5165-8265 Jagiellonian University THE RIGHT OF PERSONS EMPLOYED IN POLISH PUBLIC SERVICES TO ASSOCIATION IN TRADE UNIONS Abstract The article aims at presenting the reconsidered model of association of public servants under the Polish legal system. In the past, there was a statutory imposed limiting monism in the trade union movement of military services officers. Since 2019 trade union pluralism has been introduced for the Police, Border Guard, and Prison Service officers, which is analyzed in the paper. Another issue discussed in this article is the right of association of persons employed in civil public administration. Słowa kluczowe: związek zawodowy, służby mundurowe, straż graniczna, policja, służba więzienna Keywords: trade union, public services, Border Guard, Police, Prison Service ASJC: 3308, JEL: K31 On 19 July 2019, the Parliament of the Republic of Poland adopted the Act extending the right of officers of the Police, Border Guard and Prison Services to form and join trade unions (Dz.U. 2019, item 1608). The newly adopted regulation is an inspiration to recon- sider the model of association of public servants under the Polish legal system. The term “public servants” or “those employed in public services” refers not only to those employed in widely understood public administration, but also those serving in military services. The starting point for further discussion will be the statement that persons who are employed in Polish public service structures perform work under various legal regimes, starting from labour law, through civil law to administrative law. -
Model on Integrated Controls at Border Crossings
MODEL ON INTEGRATED CONTROLS AT BORDER CROSSINGS 2012 The views expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the United Nations secretariat. The opinions, figures and estimates set forth in this publication are the responsibility of the authors, and should not necessarily be considered as reflecting the views or carrying the endorsement of the United Nations. The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Mention of firm names and commercial products does not imply the endorsement of the United Nations. This publication is issued without formal editing. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The present publication was prepared by Transport Division, ESCAP, with assistance of Mr. Oleg Kazennov as a consultant for the study of this Model. The study was managed by Mr. Fedor Kormilitsyn, Economic Affairs Officer, Transport Facilitation and Logistics Section, Transport Division, ESCAP, under the guidance of Mr. Li Yuwei, Chief of the Section. The study was made under a project entitled “Deepening Asian Connectivity-Capacity building for trade and transport facilitation through ICT development”, which was jointly implemented by Trade and Investment Division, Transport Division, and ICT and Disaster Risk Reduction Division, ESCAP. The study extensively benefited from the visits made by the ESCAP secretariat to (in chronological order): the State Customs Committee of Kyrgyzstan; Khorgos International Centre for Boundary Cooperation, Kazakhstan; Erlian, Inner Mongolia Province, China, organized by the General Administration of Customs of China; and Zamyyn-Uud, Mongolia, organized by the Ministry of Road, Transport, Construction and Urban Development of Mongolia. -
Trafficking in Human Beings
TemaNord 2014:526 TemaNord Ved Stranden 18 DK-1061 Copenhagen K www.norden.org Trafficking in Human Beings Report from a conference on Identification of victims and criminals Trafficking in Human Beings – why we do not notice them In the Nordic countries, most of the reported cases of trafficking in human beings today concern women and girls trafficked for sexual exploitation, but experiences from Europe indicate that human trafficking has increased also in farming, household work, construction, and house building, as well as in begging, shoplifting and thefts. The conference Identification of victims and criminals – why we do not notice them on 30–31 May 2013 in Tallinn, Estonia formed the conclusion of a Nordic-Baltic-Northwest Russian cooperation project. Around 80 participants attended the two-day conference to discuss ways of identifying victims and criminals and to find answer to the question of why we do not notice victims or criminals, even though we now have available to us facts, figures, research and knowledge about human trafficking as a part of international organized crime. TemaNord 2014:526 ISBN 978-92-893-2767-1 ISBN 978-92-893-2768-8 (EPUB) ISSN 0908-6692 conference proceeding TN2014526 omslag.indd 1 09-04-2014 07:18:39 Trafficking in Human Beings Report from a conference on Identification of victims and criminals – why we do not notice them TemaNord 2014:526 Trafficking in Human Beings Report from a conference on Identification of victims and criminals - why we do not notice them ISBN 978-92-893-2767-1 ISBN 978-92-893-2768-8 (EPUB) http://dx.doi.org/10.6027/TN2014-526 TemaNord 2014:526 ISSN 0908-6692 © Nordic Council of Ministers 2014 Layout: Hanne Lebech Cover photo: Beate Nøsterud Photo: Reelika Riimand Print: Rosendahls-Schultz Grafisk Copies: 516 Printed in Denmark This publication has been published with financial support by the Nordic Council of Ministers. -
Some Facts About Southeast Finland Frontier Guard
THE SOUTHEAST FINLAND BORDER GUARD DISTRICT THETHE SOUTHEA SOUTHEASTST FINLAND FINLAND BORDER BORDER GUA GUARDRD DISTRICT DISTRICT Border guard stations 10 Border check station 1 II/123 Border crossing points 8 Uukuniemi International Pitkäpohja Kolmikanta Restricted Imatra BGA (Parikkala) Kangaskoski Immola Personnel 1.1.2006: • headquarters Lake Ladoga • logistics base Niskapietilä Officers 95 Lappeenranta BGA Pelkola Border guards 570 (Imatra) Others 87 Lappeenranta airport Total 752 Nuijamaa Common border with Vehicles: Vainikkala Russia 227 km Virolahti Cars 65 BGA Leino Motorbikes 15 Vyborg Snowmobiles 59 Patrol boats 11 Vaalimaa Vaalimaa Hurppu Dogs 95 (Santio) VI/11 Gulf of Finland BORDERBORDER SECURITYSECURITY SYSTEMSYSTEM ININ SOUTHEASOUTHEASTST FINLAFINLANDND (figures/2005) BORDERBORDER CO-OPERATION WITH SURVEILLASURVEILLANCENCE NATIONAL AUTHORITIES • exposed illegal border crossings 16 • accomplished refused entries 635 • executive assistances 23 • assistances, searches 25 4 3 2 1 CO-OPERATION OVER THE BORDER RUSSIAN BORDER GUARD SERVICE • apprehended ~80 • meetings: • border delegates/deputies 22 • assistants of the border delegates 70 BORDERBORDER CHECKSCHECKS CONSULATES • refusals of entry 707 • ST. PETERSBURG • discovered fraudulent documents 128 • MOSCOW • discovered stolen vehicles 13 • PETROZAVODSK • discovered fraudulent documents 88 BORDERBORDER CHECKSCHECKS Investment: v. 2004 392 man-years; 19,0 mill. € v. 2005 409 man-years; 19,5 mill. € PASSENGERPASSENGER TRAFFIC TRAFFIC 1996 1996 - -20052005 4 764 495 4 694 657 -
Study on Border Crossing Practices in International Railway Transport
STUDY ON BORDER CROSSING PRACTICES IN INTERNATIONAL RAILWAY TRANSPORT Bangkok, 2018 This study was prepared by Transport Division ESCAP. The draft of the study was prepared by Mr. Goran Andreev, Consultant, under the supervision of Mr. Sandeep Raj Jain, Economic Affairs Officer, Transport Facilitation and Logistics Section (TFLS), Transport Division. Overall guidance was provided by Mr. Li Yuwei, Director, Transport Division. The study extensively benefited from the visits made by the ESCAP study team to several border crossings (in chronological order): Sukhbaatar (Mongolia), Dong Dang (Viet Nam), Padang Besar (Malaysia), Sarkhas (Islamic Republic of Iran), Rezekne (Latvia). The assistance provided by the railways, customs and other authorities at these border crossings, their officers and staff for the study is duly appreciated. Acknowledgments are also extended to the representatives of Intergovernmental Organisation for International Carriage by Rail (OTIF) and Organisation for Co- operation between Railways (OSJD), for their constructive comments on the draft Study and the contribution in providing valuable inputs on the publication. The views expressed in this guide are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the United Nations Secretariat. The opinions, figures and estimates set forth in this guide are the responsibility of the authors, and should not necessarily be considered as reflecting the views or carrying the endorsement of the United Nations. The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this study do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. -
Border Management Reform in Transition Democracies
Border Management Reform in Transition Democracies Editors Aditya Batara G Beni Sukadis Contributors Pierre Aepli Colonel Rudito A.A. Banyu Perwita, PhD Zoltán Nagy Lieutenant-Colonel János Hegedűs First Edition, June 2007 Layout Front Cover Lebanese-Israeli Borders Downloaded from: www.michaelcotten.com Printed by Copyright DCAF & LESPERSSI, 2007 The Geneva Centre for the Democratic Control of Armed Forces FOREWORD Suripto, SH Vice Chairman of 3rd Commission, Indonesian House of Representatives And Chariman of Lesperssi Founder Board Border issues have been one of the largest areas of concern for Indonesia. Since becoming a sovereign state 61 years ago, Indonesia is still facing a series of territorial border problems. Up until today, Indonesia has reached agreements with its neighbouring countries related to demarcation and state border delineation. However, the lack of an unequivocal authority for border management has left serious implications for the state’s sovereignty and its citizen’s security. The Indonesian border of today, is still having to deal with border crime, which includes the violation of the territorial border, smuggling and terrorist infiltration, illegal fishing, illegal logging and Human Rights violations. These kinds of violations have also made a serious impact on the state’s sovereignty and citizen’s security. As of today, Indonesia still has an ‘un-settled’ sea territory, with regard to the rights of sovereignty (Additional Zone, Economic Exclusive Zone, and continent plate). This frequently provokes conflict between the authorised sea-territory officer on patrol and foreign ships or fishermen from neighbouring countries. One of the principal border problems is the Sipadan-Ligitan dispute between Indonesia and Malaysia, which started in 1969. -
Smart Border Management an Indian Perspective September 2016
Content Smart border management p4 / Responding to border management challenges p7 / Challenges p18 / Way forward: Smart border management p22 / Case studies p30 Smart border management An Indian perspective September 2016 www.pwc.in Foreword India’s geostrategic location, its relatively sound economic position vis-à-vis its neighbours and its liberal democratic credentials have induced the government to undertake proper management of Indian borders, which is vital to national security. In Central and South Asia, smart border management has a critical role to play. When combined with liberal trade regimes and business-friendly environments, HIğFLHQWFXVWRPVDQGERUGHUFRQWUROVFDQVLJQLğFDQWO\LPSURYHSURVSHFWVIRUWUDGH and economic growth. India shares 15,106.7 km of its boundary with seven nations—Pakistan, China, Nepal, Bhutan, Myanmar, Bangladesh and Afghanistan. These land borders run through different terrains; managing a diverse land border is a complex task but YHU\VLJQLğFDQWIURPWKHYLHZRIQDWLRQDOVHFXULW\,QDGGLWLRQ,QGLDKDVDFRDVWDO boundary of 7,516.6 km, which includes 5,422.6 km of coastline in the mainland and 2,094 km of coastline bordering islands. The coastline touches 9 states and 2 union territories. The traditional approach to border management, i.e. focussing only on border security, has become inadequate. India needs to not only ensure seamlessness in the legitimate movement of people and goods across its borders but also undertake UHIRUPVWRFXUELOOHJDOĠRZ,QFUHDVHGELODWHUDODQGPXOWLODWHUDOFRRSHUDWLRQFRXSOHG with the adoption of -
Border Security Report
BORDER SECURITY REPORT VOLUME 24 FOR THE World’s border prOTECTION, MANAGEMENT AND SECURITY INDUSTRY MAY / JUNE 2021 POLICY-MAKERS AND PRACTITIONERS COVER STORY BUILDING BETTER BORDERS IN SOUTHeast ASIA SPECIAL REPORT AGENCY NEWS SHORT REPORT INDUSTRY NEWS An Unholy Alliance: Links A global review of the Fighting trafficking in human Latest news, views and between extremism and illicit latest news and challenges beings p.26 innovations from the trade in East Africa p.14 from border agencies and industry. p.59 agencies at the border. p.36 2 COMMENT contacts EU’s Southern Borders Under Growing Pressure In its monthly report Frontex has impact on this year’s upturn in migrant Editorial: estimated that the number of illegal numbers. Tony Kingham border crossings at Europe’s external Even when Standing Corps reaches E: [email protected] borders has reached 36,100 in the full strength, ten thousand sounds like first four months of 2021. About a third a lot, but if you divide that number into Assistant Editor: higher than a year ago. three or four working shifts, take away Neil Walker This report suggests that last year, routine days off, holidays, sickness, E: [email protected] irregular migration dropped due to paperwork and training courses, you travel limitations linked to the outbreak are probably left with only hundreds Design, Marketing & Production: of COVID. actually working at any one time, Neil Walker rather than thousands. E: [email protected] But given that illegal border crossings are not subject to COVID travel So, ten thousand doesn’t seem Subscriptions: restrictions, this may not be the whole that many, given the size of the EU Tony Kingham story. -
English 2014
The Border Consortium November 2014 PROTECTION AND SECURITY CONCERNS IN SOUTH EAST BURMA / MYANMAR With Field Assessments by: Committee for Internally Displaced Karen People (CIDKP) Human Rights Foundation of Monland (HURFOM) Karen Environment and Social Action Network (KESAN) Karen Human Rights Group (KHRG) Karen Offi ce of Relief and Development (KORD) Karen Women Organisation (KWO) Karenni Evergreen (KEG) Karenni Social Welfare and Development Centre (KSWDC) Karenni National Women’s Organization (KNWO) Mon Relief and Development Committee (MRDC) Shan State Development Foundation (SSDF) The Border Consortium (TBC) 12/5 Convent Road, Bangrak, Suite 307, 99-B Myay Nu Street, Sanchaung, Bangkok, Thailand. Yangon, Myanmar. E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] www.theborderconsortium.org Front cover photos: Farmers charged with tresspassing on their own lands at court, Hpruso, September 2014, KSWDC Training to survey customary lands, Dawei, July 2013, KESAN Tatmadaw soldier and bulldozer for road construction, Dawei, October 2013, CIDKP Printed by Wanida Press CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................................... 1 1. INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................. 3 1.1 Context .................................................................................................................................. 4 1.2 Methodology ........................................................................................................................ -
Lists of the Authorities and Organisations to Which the Persons Designated by the Member States to Represent Them Belong
Lists of the authorities and organisations to which the persons designated by the Member States to represent them belong. BELGIUM Ministère des Affaires Etrangères SPF Intérieur Police Judiciaire Fédérale BULGARIA Ministry of Interior Permanent Representation of Bulgaria to the EU CZECH REPUBLIC Ministry of Interior/Directorate of Alien Police DENMARK National Kriminalteknisk Enhed GERMANY BSI Bundesdruckerei GmbH Bundeskriminalamt Federal Ministry of Interior ESTONIA Estonian Police and Border Guard Board IRELAND Department of Justice, Equality, and Law Reform -Immigration Control and Investigation Unit GREECE Hellenic Police Headquarters - National Passport Center - Forensic Science Division SPAIN Spanish National Police (Forgery Central Unit) Fábrica Nacional de Moneda y Timbre - Spanish Royal Mint FRANCE Agence Françaises des Normes (AFNOR) Agence Nationale des Titres Sécurisés ITALY Instituto Poligrafico E Zeca Dello Stato (IPZS) - Officina Carte Valori CYPRUS Ministry of Foreign Affairs LATVIA Ministry of Interior - Office of Citizenship and Migration Affairs Embassy of Latvia LITHUANIA Ministry of Foreign Affairs LUXEMBOURG Ministère des Affaires Etrangères HUNGARY Special service for national security MALTA Malta Information Technology Agency Ministry of Foreign Affairs NETHERLANDS Ministerie van Buitenlandse Zaken Ministerie van Justitie Ministry of Interior and Kingdom Relations AUSTRIA Österreichische Staatsdruckerei Abt. II/3 (Fremdenpolizeiangelegenheiten) POLAND Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Department of Consular Affairs -
US and NATO Military Planning on Mission of V Corps/US Army During Crises and in Wartime,' (Excerpt)
Digital Archive digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org International History Declassified December 16, 1982 East German Ministry of State Security, 'US and NATO Military Planning on Mission of V Corps/US Army During Crises and in Wartime,' (excerpt) Citation: “East German Ministry of State Security, 'US and NATO Military Planning on Mission of V Corps/US Army During Crises and in Wartime,' (excerpt),” December 16, 1982, History and Public Policy Program Digital Archive, BStU, Berlin, ZA, HVA, 19, pp. 126-359. Translated from German by Bernd Schaefer; available in original language at the Parallel History Project. http://digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/document/112680 Summary: The Stasi's own preface to the V Corps/U.S. Army 1981 war plan (which recognizes that NATO's concept was defensive in nature in contrast to Warsaw Pact plans, which until 1987 indeed envisioned the mentioned "breakthrough towards the Rhine") Original Language: German Contents: English Translation MINISTRY FOR STATE SECURITY Top Secret! Berlin, 16. Dec 1982 Only for personal use! Nr. 626/82 Return is requested! Expl. 5. Bl. MY Information about Military planning of the USA and NATO for the operation of the V. Army Corps/USA in times of tension and in war Part 1 Preliminary Remarks Through reliable intelligence we received portions of the US and NATO military crisis and wartime planning for the deployment of the V Corps/USA stationed in the FRG. This intelligence concerns the secret Operations Plan 33001 (GDP – General Defense Plan) for the V Corps/USA in Europe. The plan is endorsed by the US Department of the Army and, after consultation with NATO, became part of NATO planning. -
External Support for Central Asian Military and Security Forces, Working
External Support for Central Asian Military and Security Forces Working Paper DMITRY GORENBURG January 2014 Contents Summary iii Abbreviations vi 1. Introduction 1 2. Central Asian military capabilities and plans 2 I. Kazakhstan 3 II. Uzbekistan 8 III. Turkmenistan 12 IV. Kyrgyzstan 15 V. Tajikistan 20 VI. Overall trends in Central Asian military and security force capabilities 24 3. Assistance from Russia and former Soviet states 26 I. Equipment sales and donations 26 II. Cooperation in military exercises and joint operations 36 III. Bilateral exercises and training agreements 40 IV. Goals and consequences of Russian military assistance 46 4. Assistance from the United States 49 I. Equipment sales and donations 51 II. Cooperation in military exercises and joint operations 56 III. Goals and consequences of US military assistance 66 5. Assistance from other countries 69 I. Equipment sales and donations 69 II. Exercises and training 76 III. Goals and consequences of military assistance from other states 81 6. Conclusions and recommendations 83 I. Efforts to manipulate threat perceptions to increase local power 84 II. The impact of foreign assistance on military capabilities 85 III. The impact of foreign assistance on the capabilities of security services 87 IV. Recommendations 88 Summary As the drawdown of United States and coalition forces in Afghanistan has accelerated in preparation for the end of Operation Enduring Freedom in 2014, media attention has come to focus on the extent to which equipment being withdrawn from the region will be left behind for Central Asian states to use. At the same time, recent agreements for the extension of Russian military basing agreements in Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan have drawn attention to the extent to which Russia is providing military equipment and other forms of security assistance to the region.