Bul l. Natn . Sci. M us., Tokyo, Ser. B, 28(2), pp. 27-38, June 22, 2002

A List of (Basidiomycotina, Aphyllophorales) Collected in Jumla, Nepal

1 2 Tsutomu Hattori , Mahesh Kumar Adhikari , Takashi Suda\ and Yoshimichi Doi4

1 Forestry and Forest Products Research In stitute, P.O.Box 16, Norin Kenkyu Danchi, Tsukuba, lbaraki 305- 8687, Japan E-mai l: [email protected] .go.jp 2 Botanical Survey & Herbarium Section, Godawary, Lalitpur, Nepal (KATH) 3 1- 3408- 5, Hishi-machi, Kiryu, Gumma 370- 0001, Japan 4 Department of Botany, National Science Museum, Tokyo, 4- 1- 1 Amakubo, Tsukuba, lbaraki 305- 0005,Japan Emai l: [email protected]

Abstract Twenty-four species of polypores are reported from Jumla, Nepal. Three new species, Pachykytospora nepalensis T. Hatt., Phellinus subsanfordii T. Hatt., Trichaptum montanum T. Hatt. are described. Pachykytospora nepalensis is characterized by the long tubes (up to IOmrn deep), white and large (2- 3/mrn) pores, and tuberculate basidiospores measured 8.5- 11. 5 X4.5- 6.5 f1.m . Phellinus subsanfordii is characterized by the duplex context with a thin crust, scattered hyphoid setae, and subglobose and almost colorless basidiospores. T montanum is characterized by the duplex context with white and fibrous tomentum, tubular hymenophore with regular pores, and cy lindrical basidiospores measured 5.2- 6.5 X 1.2- 2.0 p.m . Key words: Nepal, new species, Pachykytospora nepalensis, Phellinus subsanjordii, polypores, Trichaptum montanum.

areas (alt. 2,650- 3,500 m) of Jumla, a middle Introduction west area of Nepal. All specimens examined here Berkeley ( 1851 a; 1851 b; 1854a; 1854b) de­ were collected by T. Suda, M. K. Adhikari, and scribed a number of polypores from Himalayas Y. Doi, and are deposited in the National Herbar­ based on the specimens collected by W. J. Hook­ ium of Botanical Survey & Herbarium Section, er. Imazeki et al. ( 1966) reported 21 polypores Godawary, Lalitpur, Nepal (KATH), and dupli­ and several other fungi from Sikkim and other cate specimens in the herbarium of the Depart­ Himalayan areas. Rattan ( 1977) reported 198 ment of Botany, National Science Museum, species of resupinate Aphyllophorales fungi from Tokyo (TNS). the North Western Himalayas including 16 poly­ pores. Hjortstam & Ryvarden (1984) reported 39 polypores and other corticioid fungi from central List and descriptions areas of Nepal. Recently, Adhikari (2000) made a Bjerkandera adusta (Willd. : Fr.) P. Karst., comprehensive list of macrofungi known from Medd. Soc. Fauna Fl. Fenn. 5:38 (1897). Nepal and listed 136 polypores. However, poly­ Distribution: widely distributed in the North­ pore mycobiota in Nepal and other Himalayan ern Hemisphere (Gilbertson and Ryvarden, areas is still not well established. 1986). This report provides 24 polypores including 3 Specimens examined: Bhotel Pipal, Chausan­ new species and 7 species new to Nepal based on dra Khola, Jumla, alt. 2,700- 2,900 m, 11 May the specimens coll ected in temperate to subalpine 1999 (TNS-F-4472), near Chhakalepani , Jumla, 28 T. Hattori et al. alt. 3,650 m, 14 May 1999 (TNS-F-4473). May, 1999 (TNS-F-4477). Coltricia cinnamomea (Pers.) Murrill, Bull. Inonotus obliquus (Pers.: Fr.) Pilat, Atl. Champ. Torr. Bot. Cl. 31:343 (1904). Eur. III: 572 (1942). Distribution: cosmopolitan (Ryvarden & Distribution: widely distributed in the boreal Gilbertson, 1993). areas of the Northern Hemisphere (Gilbertson & Specimen examined: Deepal Goan, Jumla, alt. Ryvarden, 1986). 2,650m, 10 May 1999 (TNS-F-107767). Specimen examined: Near Chhakalepani, Fomitopsis aff. cajanderi (P. Karst.) Kotl. & Jumla, alt. 3,650m, 14 May 1999 (TNS-F-4486). Pouzar, Ceska Mykol. 11: 157 ( 1957). Inonotus triqueter (Fr.) P. Karst., Rysslands och The specimen indicated above likely to repre­ Finlands. Basidsv. 2: 73 ( 1881 ). sents F cajanderi, but we tentatively leave this as Distribution: temperate areas of the Northern F. aff. cajanderi because it is sterile and might be Hemisphere (Nufiez & Ryvarden, 2000). This is F rosea (Alb. & Schwein. : Fr.) P. Karst., an allied the first report of this species from Nepal. In species with differently shaped basidiospores. Central Asia, also known from Pakistan (Hattori Specimens examined: Bhotel Pipal, Chausan­ & Murakami, 1993). dra Khola, Jumla, alt. 2,700- 2,900 m, 11 May Specimen examined: Deepal Goan, Jumla, alt. 1999 (TNS-F-4474). 2,650m, 10 May 1999 (TNS-F-4478). Ganoderma applanatum (Pers.) Pat., Bull. Soc. lschnoderma benzoinum (Wahlenb. : Fr.) P. Mycol. France 5: 67 (1889). Karst., Acta Soc. Fauna Fl. Fenn. 2: 32 (1881). Distribution: cosmopolitan (Gilbertson & Ry­ Distribution: widely distributed in the boreal varden, 1986). areas of the Northern Hemisphere (Ryvarden & Specimen examined: Near Chhakalepani, Gilbertson, 1993). Jumla, alt. 3,650m, 14 May 1999 (TNS-F-4475). Specimen examined: Bhotel Pipal, Chausandra Gloeophyllum protractum (Fr.) Imazeki, Bull. Khola, Jumla, alt. 2,700- 2,900 m, 11 May 1999 Tokyo Sci. M us. 6: 75 ( 1943). (TNS-F-4479). Distribution: widely distributed in the boreal Lenzites cf. acutus Berk., London J. Bot. I: 146 areas of the Northern Hemisphere (Gilbertson & ( 1842). Ryvarden, 1986). This is the first report of this Remarks: This resembles L. acutus, a tropical species from Nepal. Asian species and L. warnieri Durieu & Mont., a Specimen examined: Bhotel Pipal, Chausandra southern European species. It is unclear if this is Khola, Jumla, alt. 2,700- 2,900 m, 11 May 1999 a distinct species or only a subalpine form of L. (TNS-F-107797). acutus or L. warnieri both with southern distribu­ Gloeophyllum sepiarium (Fr.) P. Karst., Fin!. tions. For the time being, we prefer to leave this Hattsv. 2: 80 (1879). as L. cf. acutus. Distribution: widely distributed in the boreal Specimen examined: Thamikanda-Chhakale areas of the Northern Hemisphere (Gilbertson & Pani, Jumla, alt. 3,000- 3,600m, 12 May 1999 Ryvarden, 1986). (TNS-F-4480). Specimens examined: Ditachaur, Tyanki Oligoporus cf. caesius (Schrad. : Fr.) Gilb. & Khoncha, Jumla, alt. 2,650 m, 9 May 1999 (TNS­ Ryvarden, Mycotaxon 22: 365 ( 1985). Fig. I F-107761 ; 107762; 4476). Basidiocarps sessile. Pilei dimidiate, fused Heterobasidion insulare (Murrill) Ryvarden, then elongated, applanate to convex; pileus sur- Norw. J. Bot. 19: 237 ( 1972). face glabrous, powdery, azonate to subzonate, Distribution: From Nepal to Far East Russia, pale orange to grayish, partly darker; pileus mar­ China, and Japan (Nufiez & Ryvarden, 2001). gin thin and acute, inrolled, almost entire. Con­ Specimen examined: between Bhorgaon Khola text fibrous-chalky, brittle, white, up to 1.5 mm & Tharpu Dhunga, Jumla, alt. 2,800- 3,200 m, 17 thick. Tubes chalky, grayish, up to 3 mm deep. Polypores (Basidiomycotina, Aphyllophorales) of Jumla, Nepal 29

. /\\ F ~ 2 cm b a .

DDDDDDDDDO c 10 flill

20 flill e

Fig. I. 0/igoporus cf. caesius (Schrad. : Fr.) Gilb. & Ryvarden (TNS-F-4481) a. Upper view of basidiocarps. b. Section view of basidiocarp. c. Basidiospores. d. Basidia. e. Genrative hyphae from trama. f. Generative hy­ phae from context.

Pore surface grayish, pores angular to round, 6- Specimen examined: Thamikanda-Chhakale 8/mm, dissepiments thin and entire. Taste mild. Pani, Jumla, alt. 3,000- 3,600 m, 12 May 1999 Trama ! system monomitic: generative (TNS-F-4481 ). hyphae hyaline, IKI-, with clamp-connections, Pachykytospora nepalensis T. Hatt., sp. nov. some conspicuously branched, 1.5- 2.5 f1m wide, Fig. 2 swelled in KOH solution. Context hyphae Basidiocarpia resupinata. Caro suberosa, alba. monomitic: generative hyphae with large loop­ Tubi suberosi. Pori albi vel cremei, 2- 3/mm. Sys­ like clamp-connections, often branched with tema hypharum dimiticum; hyphae generativae right angles, 2- 5 f1m wide. Basidia clavate, 4- fibulatae; hyphae skeletales haud dextrinoideae. sterigmate, 12- 15 X 3.5-4 f1m . Basidiospores al­ Sporae ellipsoideae, tuberculares, hyalinae, haud lantoid, bent, hyaline, IKI-, 4-4.5X 1- 1.2 f1m, Q dextrinoideae, 8.5-11.5X4.5- 6.5 f1m . (length/width ratio)=3.6-4. 1. Etymology: Latin, nepalensis=Nepalese, oc­ Type of rot unknown. curring in Nepal. Remarks: This specimen is similar to 0. cae­ Holotype: NEPAL, Jumla, near Chhakalepani, sius in the grayish tubes and allantoid ba­ alt. 3,650 m, 14 May 1999 (KATH; isotype in sidiospores, but distinct by the fibrous-chalky TNS-F-4482). context, smaller pores (3-6/mm in typical form Basidiocarps fully resupinate. Context corky, of 0. caesius) and smaller basidiospores (4.5- 6 X white, up to I mm thick. Tubes corky, pale or­ 1.5- 2 f1m in 0. caesius). Oligoporus caesius is a ange, up to I 0 mm deep. Pore surface whitish to variable species, and for the time being we prefer cream; pores angular to round, partly elongated, to leave this as 0. cf. caesius because it is diffi­ 2- 3/mm, dissepiments entire. cult to judge if it is a distinct species only by a Trama hypha! system dimitic: generative hy­ single specimen. phae hyaline, IKI-, thin-walled, occasionally 30 T. Hattori et al.

a 10- ~m Qd b

e c 20 ~m

Fig. 2. Pachykytospora nepalensis T. Hatt., sp. nov. (TNS-F-4482, isotype) a. Basidiospores. b. Basidia. c. Gen­ erative hyphae from trama. d. Skeletal hyphae from trama. e. Skeletal hyphae from context.

branched, with clamp connections, 1.5- 3 J..lm skeletal hyphae, longer basidiospores, and usual­ wide; skeletal hyphae hyaline, IKJ-, unbranched ly darker pore surface (Kotlaba & Pouzar, 1979; to arboriform, thick-walled (up to 2 J..lm thick), Ryvarden & Gilbertson, 1994). Pachykytospora 2- 6 J..lm wide; context hyphae dimitic: generative subtrametea (Pilat) Kotl. & Pouzar is also simi­ hyphae 2.5-4 J..lm wide; skeletal hyphae up to lar, but has smaller pores and partly amyloid 7 J..lm wide, otherwise similar to context hyphae. skeletal hyphae (Kotlaba & Pouzar, 1979). Cystidia not seen. Basidia ellipsoid to short Six species of Pachykytospora have been al­ cylindrical, 4-sterigmate, 18- 25 X6- IO J..lm. Ba­ ready reported from Asia (Kotlaba & Pouzar, sidiospores ellipsoid to short cylindrical, hyaline, 1979; Natarajan & Kolandavelu, 1993; Nufiez & I KI-, ornamented with fine warts, 8.5- 11.5 X4.5- Ryvarden, 200 I; Zheng & Bi, 1989). A key to 6.5 J..lm , Q (length/width ratio)= 1.6-1.9. the Asian species of Pachykytospora is shown Attached with a white rot. below. Distribution: Known only from the type mater­ ial. Remarks: This species is characterized by the A key to the Asian species of Pachykytospora combination of thick basidiocarps, white and I. Pores 3- 6 per mm ...... 2 large (2- 3/mm) pores, skeletal hyphae with non­ I. Pores 1- 3(-4) per mm or larger ...... 4 amyloid and non-dextrinoid reaction, and rela­ 2. Basidiospores 12- 17 X 6- 7.5 J..lm, with longi­ tively small basidiospores (8.5- 11.5 J..lm long) tudinal to reticulate ridges, IKJ-; basidio­ within the . Pachykytospora tuberculosa carps annual, pores round, 4- 5/mm, pore (Fr.) Kotl. & Pouzar also has thick basidiocarps, surface light yellow to brownish orange; but distinct from P nepalensis by the dextrinoid skeletal hyphae IKJ-; known from India ... . Polypores (Basidiomycotina, Aphyllophorales) of Jumla, Nepal 31

...... P thindii Natarajan & Koland. 13- 18 X6- 8.5 .urn; known from Europe, 2. Basidiospores up to 12 .urn long, ornamented China and N. America ...... with fine echinuae or warts ...... 3 ...... P tuberculosa (Fr.) Kotl. & Pouzar 3. Basidiocarps perennial; pores angular to Phellinus ferreus (Pers.) Bourd. & Galz., Bull. round, 3- 5/mm, pore surface white to ochra­ Soc. Mycol. France41: 247 (1925). ceous; skeletal hyphae non-dextrinoid, partly Distribution: cosmopolitan species (Gilbertson amyloid; basidiospores ornamented with fine & Ryvarden, 1987). This is the first report of this warts, weakly dextrinoid, 9- 11.5 X5.5- 6.um; species from Nepal. known from Russia (Siberia) ...... Specimen examined: Near Chhakalepani, ...... P subtrametea (Pilat) Kotl. & Pouzar Jumla, alt. 3,650 m, 14 May 1999 (TNS-F- 3. Basidiocarps annual; pores angular to round, 107864). 4- 6/mm, pore surface ochraceous buff; Phellinus himalayensis Y. C. Dai, Acta Bot. skeletal hyphae IKI-; basidiospores echinu­ Fenn . 166:97 (1999). late tending to be in longitudinal rows, IKI-, Di stribution: Known from China (Lijiang, 9.5- 12.5 X4- 5.5 .urn ; known from tropical Yunnan Prov.; Dai, 1999) and Nepal. This is the to warm temperate areas of Asia and N. first report of this species from Nepal, and out­ America ...... side of China. . . . . P alabamae (Berk. & Cooke) Ryvarden Remarks: According to Dai ( 1999), this 4. Basidiospores 8.5- 11.5 X4.5- 6.5 .urn, orna­ species is restricted on Picea likiangensis in the mented with fine warts, IKI-; pores angular type locality. The present specimen was on Abies to round, partly elongated, ( 1- )2- 3/mm, pore sp. surface white to cream; skeletal hyphae IKI-; Specimen examined: Near Chhakalepani, known only from the type locality (Nepal). Jumla, alt. 3,650 m, on Abies sp., 14 May 1999 ...... P nepalensis T. Hatt. (TNS-F-4483). 4. Basidiospores 17- 21 X6- 7 .urn , at first verru­ Phellinus subsanfordii T. Hatt., sp. nov. Fig. 3 cose then becoming smooth occasionally, Basidiocarpia effusoreftexa, perennia. Pilei ve­ IKI-; basidiocarps annual; pores angular to lutini, sulcati, brunnei. Caro duplex, crustosa, hexagonal, 1- 1.5 mm in diam., pore surface brunnea. Tubi stratosi, suberosi. Pori brunnei, 5- white to yellowish; skeletal hyphae IKI-; 6/mm. Systema hypharum dimiticum. Setae hy­ known only from China (Guangdong Prov.). phoideae, aculeatae, sparsae, usque ad I 0 .urn ...... P major G. Y. Zheng & Z. S. Bi latae. Sporae subglobosae, hyalinae, haud dextri­ 4. Basidiospores 13- 18 .urn long, pores 2- 3 noideae, 5.5- 6.5 X4.5- 5.5 .urn. (-4)/mm ...... 5 Etymology: Latin, subsanfordii=similar to P 5. Basidiocarps annual, thin; pores angular, 2- sanfordii (Lioyd) Ryvarden, refers to the macro­ 3(-4)/mm, pore surface cream to cinnamon scopic characters of the basidiocarps with sulcate buff; context less than I mm thick; skeletal pileus surface and duplex context with a thin hyphae IKI- to weakly dextrinoid; basidia­ crust. spores echinuate tending to be in logitudinal Holotype: NEPAL, Jumla, Bhotel Pipal, Chau­ rows, IKI-, 14- 17 X6- 8 .urn; known from sandra Khola, alt. 2,700- 2,900 m, 11 May 1999 East North America and East Asia ...... (KATH; isotype in TNS-F-4486) ...... P papyracea (Schwein.) Ryvarden Basidiospores effused-reftexed (holotype prob­ 5. Basidiocarps annual to perennial, up to I 0 ably developed underside of the substratum), mm thick; pores angular to round, 2- 3/mm, perennial. Pilei semicircular to irregular, pileus pore surface cream to brownish; context up surface velutinous, subsilky, sulcate, brown, to 5 mm thick; context hyphae dextrinoid; pileus margin thin and acute, mostly entire. Con­ basidiospores rough with fine tubercles, IKI-, text duplex with upper tomentum and lower 32 T. Hattori et al.

b 2 cm ' I 20 !J.ill 000000 , c 10 !J.ill e I I l

h

Fig. 3. Phe/linus subsanfordii T. Hatt., sp. nov. (TNS-F-4486, isotype) a. Upper view of basidiocarp. b. Section view of basidiocarp. c. Basidiospores. d. Basidia. e. Setae. f. Generative hyphae from trama. g. Skeletal hy­ phae from trama. h. Skeletal hyphae from context.

zone: tomentum soft-fibrous, brown, up to 0.5 slightly thick-walled (up to 0.5 J..lm thick), hya­ mm thick; lower zone leathery, brown, up to 2/3 line to slightly yellowish, occasionally brownish mm thick, with a thin and black crust under the in old tubes, IKJ-, weakly cyanophilous, 5.5- tomentum (but partly obscure). Tubes stratified, 6.5X4.5- 5.5J.1m, Q (length/width ratio)=l.l- corky, up to 3 mm deep in each layer. Pore sur­ 1.2. face brown, slightly shining, pores angular to Attached with a white rot. round, 5- 6/mm, dissepiments entire. Distribution: Known only from the holotype. Trama hypha! system dimitic: generative hy­ Remarks: This species is peculiar with the phae without clamp-connections, thin-walled, combination of thin crust under the tomentum, hyaline to yellow, 1.5- 2.5 J..lm wide; skeletal hy­ pointed hyphoid setae arising from trama, and phae unbranched to branched, thick-walled (up to subglobose and hyaline basidiospores without 2 J..lm thick), brown, 2.5-4.5 J..lm wide; non-ag­ dextrinoid reaction. This is somewhat similar to glutinated but not easily squashed in KOH solu­ the members of subgen. Phellinidium Koti. by tion. Context skeletal hyphae unbranched and al­ occurrence of hyphoid setae and almost hyaline most straight, otherwise context hyphae almost basidiospores. However, the members of similar to trama hyphae. Setae sparse, hyphoid, Phellinidium have monomitic hypha! system and pointed, arising from trama and project into hy­ more prominent hyphoid setae both in trama and menium, up to I 0 J..lm wide and 100 J..lm long, not context (Dai, 1999). This species is more similar seen in context. Basidia clavate, 4-sterigmate, to the members of subgen. Porodaedalea Y. C. 13- 18X5.5- 6.5 J..lm. Basidiospores subglobose, Dai ( = P pini comp.) by presence of duplex con- Polypores (Basidiomycotina, Aphyllophorales) of Jumla, Nepal 33

2 cm b DOOOODDO c 10 ~m

f

Fig. 4. Tram etes cf. pubescens (Schum. : Fr.) Pilat (TNS-F-1 07868) a. Upper view of basidiocarps. b. Section view of basi diocarp. c. Basidiospores. d. Basidia. e. Generative hyphae from context. f. Skeletal hyphae from context. g. Binding hyphae from context. text with a thin crust, long setae ansmg from (TNS-F-1 07783). trama, and hyaline to pale colored subglobose Trametes cf. pubescens (Schum : Fr.) Pil

2 cm ODDOOO c 10 ~m

20 ~m f

Fig. 5. Tram etes tephro/euca Berk. (TNS-F-1 07759) a. Upper view of basidiocarp. b. Section view of basidi a­ carp. c. Basidiospores. d. Basidia. e. Generative hyphae from trama. f. Skeletal hyphae from context. g. Bind­ ing hyphae from context. drical, slightly fusiform, hyaline, IKl-, 5.5- 7X Trametes tephroleuca Berk., Hook. Jor. Bot. 6: 2- 2.7 )lm, Q (length/width ratio) = 2.5- 3.0. 165 (1854). Fig. 5 Remarks: This is similar to T pubescens that is Basidiocarps sessile. Pilei dimidiate, ap­ common in cool temperate to boreal areas of the planate, pileus surface fibrous-tomentose, sulcate Northern Hemisphere. However, this is distinct with thick tomentose zones, grayish white to pale from the typical form by the broader and slightly yellowish gray, margin thin and acute, entire. fusiform basidiospores, more persistent tomen­ Context duplex with upper tomentum and lower tum, and partly dark colored pileus. For the time corky zone; upper tomentum fibrous, pale gray­ being, we prefer to leave this as T cf. pubescens ish yellow, up to 2 mm thick; lower context corky, because it is difficult to judge if this is a distinct yellowish white, up to 3 mm thick, with a thin species or a form of T pubescens only by a sin­ and white crust below the tomentum. Tubes gle specimen. corky, yellowish white. Pore surface grayish or­ Specimen examined: Near Chhakalepani, ange, pores angular, 1- 2/mm, dissepiments thin, Jumla, alt. 3,650 m, 14 May 1999 (TNS-F- entire. 107868). Trama hyphae trimitic: generative hyphae hya- Polypores (Basidiomycotina, Aphyllophorales) of Jumla, Nepal 35

~ I ~- b 2cm I DODDDDOD ) c 10 1-1m j

Q Ig 20 1-1m e f

Fig. 6. Trichaptum montanum T. Hatt., sp. nov. (TNS-F-107775, isotype) a. Upper view ofbasidiocarps. b. Sec­ tion view of basidiocarp. c. Basidiospores. d. Basidia. e. Cystida. f. Generative hyphae from trama. g. Skele­ tal hyphae from context. line, thin-walled, with clamp connections, 1.5- I 07759). 2.5 pm wide; skeletal hyphae unbranched, almost Trametes versicolor (L.: Fr.) Lloyd, Mycol. straight, hyaline, IKJ-, thick-walled (up to 2 pm Writ. 6: 1045 (1921). thick), 2-4.5 pm wide; binding hyphae up to 3 Distribution: cosmopolitan (Gilbertson & Ry­ pm wide. Context hyphae similar, generative hy­ varden, 1987). phae sparse. Cystidia not seen. Basidia clavate, Specimens examined: Ditachaur, Tyanki Khon­ 4-sterigmate, 18- 25 X4.5- 5.5 pm. Basidiospores cha, Jumla, alt. 2,650 m, 9 May 1999 (TNS-F- cylindrical, hyaline, IKJ-, 7- 8.5 X2.5- 3 pm, Q 107763); Bhotel Pi pal, Chausandra Khola, Jumla, (length/width ratio )=2.6- 3.2. alt. 2,700- 2,900 m, 11 May 1999 (TNS-F-4484). Attached with a white rot. Trametes villosa (Fr.) Kreisel, Ciencias Bioi. Distribution: Nepal, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Ser. 4, no 16: 84 (1971). and Uzbekistan (Bondartsev, 1953). Distribution: Temperate areas of Asia and Remarks: As described by Berkeley ( 1854b ), North America (Gilbertson & Ryvarden, 1987). this species is similar to T hirsuta (Wulf. : Fr.) This is the first report of this species from Nepal. Pillit, but has larger and grayish pores. Besides, Specimen examined: Deepal Goan, Jumla, alt. upper tomentum is soft and not hirsute as in the 2,650 m, I 0 May 1999 (TNS-F-4485). latter species. Trichaptum montanum T. Hatt., sp. nov. Fig. 6 Specimen examined: Ditachaur, Tyanki Khon­ Basidiocarpia sessilia vel effusoreflexa. Pilei cha, Jumla, alt. 2,650 m, 9 May 1999 (TNS-F- velutini, sulcati, albi vel lutei-cineracei. Caro du- 36 T. Hattori et al. plex, haud crustosa. Tubi brunneoli. Pori brun­ known from boreal areas of N. America also has neoli, angulares vel elongati, 3-4/mm. Systema tubular hymenophore with mostly regular pores hypharum dimiticum; hyphae generativae fibu­ and pale colored context. However, this species is latae; hyphae skeletales haud dextrinoideae. Cys­ distinct from T montanum by the thicker context tidia abunda, ventricosa vel clavata, incrassata, (up to I cm thick) and longer basidiospores (7 .5- apicibus incrustatis. Sporae cylindricae, hyalinae, 11 J..Lm long) according to Gilbertson & Ryvarden haud dextrinoideae, 5.2- 6.5 X 1.5- 2.0 J..Lm. (1987). Etymology: Latin, montanus=mountainous, Specimens examined: Deepal Goan, Jumla, refers to the characteristics collected in a moun­ alt. 2,650 m, 10 May 1999 (Holotype in Nat. tainous area. Herb. Godawary, Nepal; isotype in TNS-F- Holotype: NEPAL, Jumla, Deepal Goan, alt. 107775; the same data, TNS-F-107773); Bhotel 2,650 m, 10 May 1999 (KATH; isotype in TNS­ Pipal, Chausandra Khola, Jumla, alt. 2,700- F-107775). 2,900m, 11 May 1999 (TNS-F-107791). Basidiocarps sessile to effused-reftexed. Pilei Tyromyces aff. gratus (Berk.) Ryvarden, Nor. J. dimidiate to ftabelliform or elongated, applanate, Bot. 24: 221 (1977). Fig. 7 pileus surface velutinous to fibrous-tomentose, Basidiocarps sessile. Pilei dimidiate, narrowly­ rough in old specimens, sulcate, white to yellow­ attached, applanate to conchate; pileus surface ish gray, pileus margin thin and acute, inrolled rough with radial ridges and projections, sub­ when dried. Context duplex: upper layer loose, fi­ zonate, whitish, partly grayish, pileus margin thin brous-spongy, white, up to 1 mm thick; lower and acute, almost entire. Context corky-chalky layer as a thin line, light brown, up to 0.3 mm when dried, white, up to 2 mm thick. Tubes thick. Tubes leathery, light brown, up to 2 mm chalky, white, up to 3 mm deep. Pore surface deep. Pore surface light brown, pores 3-4/mm, white, pores angular, 5- 6/mrn, dissepiments thin angular, partly elongated but not irpicoid, dis­ and entire. Taste mild. sepiments entire to eroded. Trama hypha! system monomitic: generative Trama hypha! system dimitic: generative hy­ hyphae mostly unbranched, thin-walled, hyaline, phae hyaline, IKI-, with clamp-connections; IKI-, with clamp-connections, dissolved in KOH skeletal hyphae hyaline, IKI-, almost straight, solution. Context hyphae subdimitic: generative thick-walled to almost solid, 2.5-4 J..Lm wide. hyphae thin- to thick-walled, some hyphae con­ Context hyphae dimitic: generative hyphae spicuously branched; some hyphae thick-walled sparse; skeletal hyphae sinuous; otherwise simi­ with few septa and may be taken for skeletal hy­ lar to trama hyphae. Cystidia abundant, some hy­ phae. Cystidia not seen. Basidia not seen. Ba­ menial, others arising from trama, ventricose to sidiospores allantoid, slightly bent, hyaline, IKI-, clavate, hyaline, thick-walled (up to 2 J..Lm thick), 4.0- 5.2 X 1.0- 1.3 J..Lm , Q (length/width ratio) = apically encrusted with rough crystals, 20-45 X 4.0-4.5. 4- 7 J..Lm. Basidia clavate, 4-sterigmate, 8.5- 13.5 X Type of rot unknown. 4.5- 6 J..Lm. Basidiospores cylindrical, slightly bent, Remarks: Tyromyces gratus is a little known hyaline, IKI-, 5.2- 6.5 X 1.5- 2.0 J..Lm, Q (length/ species hitherto known only from Nepal. The width ratio)=3.3-4.0. present specimen is mostly similar to the descrip­ Attached with a white pocket rot. tion of the holotype of T gratus in Ryvarden Distribution: known only from Nepal. ( 1977) which is the only one made by a modern Remarks: This species is characterized by the mycologist. Later, Hjortstam and Ryvarden tubular hymenophore with mostly regular pores, (1984) reported this species from Gandaki Prov., soft-fibrous tomentum (upper layer of the con­ a central area of Nepal. text) within the genus Trichaptum Murrill. Specimen examined: Bhotel Pipal, Chausandra Trichaptum subchartaceum (Murrill) Ryvarden Khola, Jumla, alt. 2,700- 2,900 m, 11 May 1999 Polypores (Basidiomycotina, Aphyllophorales) of Jumla, epal 37

2 cm

~ b

d DDDDDDDD 20 ~m c 10 ~m

Fig. 7. Tyromyces aff. gratus (Berk.) Ryvarden (TNS-F-1 08898) a. Upper view of basidiocarp. b. Section view ofbasidiocarp. c. Basidiospores. d. Generative hyphae from trama. e. Generative hyphae from context.

(TNS-F-1 07798). onotus triqueter; Phellinus ferreus; Tram etes ochracea; T versicolor. Many of these species are widely distributed from boreal to subtropical Discussion areas, but occurrence of I. triqueter and T Twenty-four species of polypores are reported ochracea in the East Asia seems to be restricted from temperate to subalpine sites of a middle­ in boreal areas. west area of Nepal in the present paper. In tem­ The boreal species: Fomitopsis aff. cajanderi; perate belt (between alt. 2,000 and 3,000 m) of Gloeophyllum protractum; G. sepiarium; lnono­ Nepal, Pinus wallichiana, Cedrus deodara, Cu­ tus obliquus; Ischnoderma benzoinum; Phellinus pressus torulosa, Abies pindrow, and Picea tremulae. Occurrence of I. obliquus and P tremu­ smithiana are important tree species (Adhikari, lae are mostly restricted to Betula spp. and Popu­ 2000). In subalpine belt (between alt. 3,000 and rus spp., respectively. Other species are usually 4,000 m), Abies spectabilis and Tsuga dumosa on boreal conifers. are important (Adhikari, 2000). Asia-North American species: T villosa. In the Collected species can be divided into the fol­ East Asia, this species is common in warm tem­ lowing 5 groups according to the distribution pat­ perate and subtropical areas, and probably a tern: cosmopolitan or widespread in the Northern southern element. Hemisphere; the Northern Hemisphere boreal; East Asian species: Heterobasidion insulare. Asia-North American temperate; East Asian; and This species is widely distributed from boreal to endemic in Himalayan areas and mountainous subtropical areas of the East Asia, and common areas of Asia. on Abies spp., Picea spp., Pinus spp. etc. Cosmopolitan or widespread species in the Endemic to the Himalayan areas and Northern Hemisphere: Bjerkandera adusta; Col­ mountainous areas of Asia: Pachykytospora tricia cinnamomea; Ganoderma applanatum; In- nepalensis; Ph ellinus himalayensis; P subsan- 38 T. Hattori et al. fordii; Tram etes tephroleuca; Trichaptum mon­ Hook. J Bot. 3: 77- 84 (reprint, A. Asher Co., Amster­ tanum. Distribution patterns of many Asian poly­ dam, 1969). Berkeley, M. J. 185 1b . Decades of fungi . Decade XXXV pores are unclear, but these species are hitherto Sikkim-Himalayan fungi collected by Dr. Hooker. known only from Himalayan areas and mountain­ Hook. J Bot. 3: 167- 172 (reprint, A. Asher Co., Ams­ ous areas of the East and Central Asia. Possibly terdam, 1969). they are boreal to cool temperate species and re­ Berkeley, M. J. 1854a. Decades of fungi . Decade XVI­ stricted in mountainous areas. XVIII. Indian fungi. Hook. J Bot. 6: 129- 143 (reprint, Pachykytospora Kotl. & Pouzar is a small A. Asher Co., Amsterdam, 1969). Berkeley, M. J. 1854b. Decades of fungi. Decade XVJV­ genus hitherto with only 8 constituents including XVVI. Indian fungi. Hook. J Bot. 6: 16 1- 174 (reprint, the newly described species, here. Pachykytospo­ A. As her Co., Amsterdam, 1969). ra nanospora A. David & Rajch. described from Bondartsev, A. 1953. The Polyporaceae of the European tropical Africa is the only species unknown from part of the USSR and of Caucasia. (Translated from Asia. On the other hand, 4 species out of 8 are Ru ss ian; Israel Program for Scientific Translations, Jerusalem, 197 1. pp. 1- 896.) known only from the Asian Continent. This sug­ Dai, Y.-C. 1999. Phellinus sensu lata (Aphyll ophorales, gests that the center of distribution of the genus Hymenochaetaceae) in East Asia. Acta Bot. Fenn. 166: Pachykytospora exists in Asia, and this genus 1- 11 5. may originate in this area. Gilbertson, R. L. & Ryvarden, L. 1986. North American In this report, several species are listed without polypores, vo l. I. 1--433 pp. Fungiflora, Oslo. final determination. Except for F aff. cajanderi Gilbertson, R. L. & Ryvarden, L. 1987. North American polypores, vol. 2. 434-885 pp. Fungi flora , Oslo. and T. aff. gratus, these species possibly repre­ Hattori, T. & Murakami, Y. 1993. Some Aphyllophorales sent distinct species though we hesitate to de­ fungi from Pakistan. Cryptogami c Flora of Pakistan 2: scribe them here because of the limited informa­ 93- 103. tion. The number of specimens examined here is Hjortstam, K. & Ryvarden, L. 1984. Some new and note­ less than 40, but some undescribed species are worthy Basidiomycetes (A phyllophorales) from Nepal. Mycotaxon 20: 133- 151. included among them. This suggests that poly­ Imazeki, R. , Kobayasi, Y., & Aoshima, K. 1966. Fungi. pore micobiota in the Himalayan areas is far In : The flora of Eastern Himalaya, pp. 6 11 - 626. The from completed, and a number of undescribed University of Tokyo, Tokyo. species are expected from this area. Kotlaba, F. & Pouzar, Z., 1979. An interesting Asian poly­ pore Pachykytospora subtrametea. CeskG Mykol. 33: 129- 133. Acknowledgements Natarajan, K. & Kolandavelu, K. , 1993. A new species of We would like to express our thanks to Mr. M. Pachykytospora Kotl. et Pouz. From India. Crypt. Bot. S. Bista, Director General, Dept. of Plant Re­ 3: 195- 196. sources, Ministry of Forests & Soil Conservation Nufiez, M. & Ryvarden, L. 2000. East Asian polypores, vol. I. 1- 168 pp. Fungiflora, Oslo. (HMG) for cooperation during the expedition. Nufi ez, M. & Ryvarden, L. 200 I. East Asian polypores, This research was financially supported by Pro­ vo l. 2. 170- 522 pp. Fungifl ora, Oslo. ject for Collection Building and Natural History Rattan, S. S. 1977. The resupinate Aphyllophorales of the Studies in Asia and the Pacific Rim, organized by North Western Himalayas. Bib/. Myco/. 60: 1--427. the National Science Museum, Tokyo, for which Ryvarden, L. 1977. Type studies in the Polyporaceae I 0. Species described by J. H. Berkelely, either alone or we are grateful. with other authors from 1844 to 1855. Nor. J Bot. 24 : 213- 230. References Ryvarden, L. & Gilbertson, R. L. 1993. European poly­ pores, part I. 1- 387 pp. Fungiflora, Oslo. Adhikari, M. K., 2000. Mushrooms of Nepal. 1- 236 pp. Ryvarden, L. & Gilbertson, R. L. 1994. European poly­ Published by the author, Kathmandu, Nepal. pores, part 2. 388- 743 pp. Fungiflora, Oslo. Berkeley, M. J. 185 1a . Decades of fungi. Decade XXXIV Zheng, G.-Y. & Bi, Z.-S., 1989. A new species of Sikkim-Himalayan fungi collected by Dr. Hooker. Pachykytospora. Acta Mycol. Sin . 8: 198- 20 I.