Dhananjayarae Gadgil Library :.I~U~ UIIIII~lnDmll mDlml 'tlPE--O, 1784' Ra'Y~, s e-cntrT)

'GAZ ETTE El~,

OJ!' 1'UE

:BOl'IBAY ipRESIDE'NOY.

VOLUME. XI.

KOLA'BA' AN'n JANJIRA.

... " ...."' ... """~"'''''''''''''~''''''''''''''~,,'\o,,''''''''' ... '''_ Unda.,. GOJ,Jernment Orders.

~cmbitu: . . PRINTED AT TRm GOVERNMENT CENTRAL PRESS//

'.11$1':1,. .. ·

CONTENTS.--- KOLA'BA.

Chapter I. - Description. PAGE Position and Area i Boundaries; Sob-divisions j Aspect 1·4 Hills; Rivers j Reservoirs . 5 ·12 Geology; Hot Springs; Climate .. , 13·15 Chapter II. - Production. Minerals; Forests.; Trees 16 - 30 Domestio Animals, ; Wild Animals; Snakes; Birds; Fish. ..• 31 • 3.9 Chapter III.-Population. Census Details -... 40-42 . Brahmans; Writers; Merchants 43- 50 Hosband~n ; Craftsmen ... 51·66 Musicians;. Servants; Shepherds; Fishers; Labourers 67-7,'" Unsettled Tribes; Depressed' Classes j Beggars... . 71- 73 ...... Musalmans ..• 74.84 Boni-Israels j Christians j Par~is 85.86 Communities j Movements . ... 87-88 Chapter IV.-Agriculture. Soil; Arable Area; Salt Lands; Irrigation j Holdings I Aboriginal Tillage j St'ock; Field Tools; Tillage 89-94 Crops j Hnsbandmen ; Bad Seasons .... 95 ·100 Chapter V.-CapitaL Capitalists; . Currency; Bankers; E,x.chn.nge Bills; $aving Classes; Investments j Moneylenders j Interest; Borrowers j Land . Mortgage; Labour Mortgage; 'Wages j Prices'; Weights; Measures ••• 101·110

Chapter VI.~Trade . . Old ROutes; Roads ; Hill Pasaes; Tolls; Bridges j Piers, ; Steam Ferries; Rest.houses; Post Offices, ...111.117 Trade Centres; Fairs j . Markets; Shopkeepers; Carriers; Imports; E,x.ports . ,. • ~~. .. •. 118.123 Vessels; Life-boats; Light-house; Ports; Sea Trade ... 124.129 Crafts...... 130.135 ii CONTENTS.

Chapter VII. - History. Early Hindu period to about A.D. 1300; The Musalmans (1800-1500); ThePort.uguese (1507-1660) j The Marathas (1650-1690) .•. 186-144 The Angrias (Hi90-1840); The British (1818-1882) -... 145 -158 Chapter VIII.-Land Admilililtl'ation. Acqnioition; Changes; Staff; Tenures ... 159 -167 Early Land System ... 168-174 British System; Surveys; Settlement Results; Season Reports ... 175 - 2140 Chapter IX.-J'ustice. Under the Angrias; Slavery; Forced Labour ".215 - 216 Present System;' Judicial Staff; Civil Courts; Registration; . Magistracy; Police; Offences; Jails' ... 217 - 222

Chapter X.-~venue IiJld Finance. Balance Sheet; Local Funds; Municipalities ... 223 -229 Chapter XI.-Instruction. Schools; Cost; Staff; Instruction; Private Schools; Progress; Girls' Schools; Readers and 'Writers; Pupils by: C8St~; School Returns; Towu Schools; Vil1.. ge Schools; Libraries; Newspapers ... 230 - 235 Chapter XII.-Hea.lth. Climate; Diseases; Dispensaries; Infirmities; Vaccination; Cattle Disease; Births and Deaths ,0,236 - 239 Chapter XIIL-Sub-Divisions. Boundaries j Area; Aspect; Climate; Water j Soil; Holdings; Rental; Stock; Produce; People... .., 240 - 252' Chapter XIV.-P1aces ofInterest ... 253 - 398 '

JANJIRA.

Description; Production; Population; A'griculture; Capital j Trade; History; Admjnistration; Places of Interest .. , 401- 467

Appendix , .. 469 - 492 INDEX ... 483 -493 :(NDEX.

A.,. siege of Ghena, 152.154; quarrelll in 155.156; Bivalk!'r's ·influence and th4 Abhbni: erop share system, 183 pote- 3, 184, of the family, 157 -158; territorial excha . 185. 1840), '159 and note 2 ; lapse, of hit · Aboriginal tillage: 93. (1840),-159 and note 2, 190; revenue Abyssinian.: see Sidis. the eighteenth century, 171·172: rev. Account books: 103, 426. 1839), 175 note 4"; in(lollveuienAlibag, 1'17 and note 2 ; British Ian 178. . ' , Pen mixe

lla : perhaJA Cheul, 270 note 2- llirvadi: fort, 144, 267 ·2.G9, 445. )ort, 265. :Socarro : Portuglle8e chrOllicler (l6;4), 282. ;ad : fort, 265·267, 445. ' llohor!s: traders, 83· 84. ,moue of AlibAg salt rice tillage, 19~. llombay; Sidis 1n, 438.441; attacked by Sidi Kasim (1689), 442_ B. llorrowers: l(l.l·10S, V: SiD(lia's general'{1793-1813), 155.156, lloundaries t 1, 402. , i5. lld.hmani: 43-46, 411; in Constantinople and sonl: 99:100,425-426. JAva (A.D. 24·57), 138 note 1. l-din : 8ee Sank"hi. llridges: 116, 351, 353. lant Pingle PeSh'Aa: (l7l:l), 146. llritish: managt'ment (1818·1882), 17S·2U. See Ii : l\[usalnul.n ruIolrs (1:147 -, 1489), 142- Land Administration. . pis: musicians, 67. // lluddhists : Bettlement of, 137. s: religious k,'<;arii, 4.15. nchandra: Mr., 146 notAl 2, 150 note 1. c. - rishvanat.h Peshw cl : (I7l3 - 1720), 146, Capitalists: 101. ;7, Carriers: 120- I'll, 430. I sheets: 223, 227, 228. Castle: Cheul Portuguese, 291.292, trenm, 9. Cathedral: Cheul Portuguese, 272. LS : M:\lkhet RAthods (!), 2iI. Cattle-disease: 238. ia ofSa.chin:' (1791),448. Caves: 254, 299, 301,302, S16, 332·342, 345·349, Kasarl : bangle-makers, 63, 131. 'I 3n, 385. I: 101. Census details: 40.43,409, - : fort ceded by the (I75G), 159. ! Cessel: Iii, 172 and note 3,173 and note 2, 182 ,: traveller, (1514), 142 Dote 10, 2;5, 435 and note 7, 183 ~ote 2, 184 and notes Sand 5, , and 461 and note 4- I 185 and note 3, 187 and note I, ISS &lid note 1. I : 289, 462, 466, 470·4'71. I 191, 196. 453· 456. (l5W), 2:'9, naval, at Cheul (1508): 274; , Cevul: Cheu!, 273. inderi (I6'9), 325, 396; at Korlai (1594), I Chambhli.ra: 64, 414 J pass, 115. --- !9. Champa.vati: traditional name of Cheul, 269,270 I: 73-74,415. nota 1. '. : atone' masons, 63-64,415. I Chandragad : fort, 269. ~iela : 85·86, 421. I Chivre: pastl, 11S, a.f: culti'l"ation of, 97. Chembur: wby not Symulls, 2.0 notll 5. Wnl: cultivation of, 97 -98, 425. Chemul: why Chen!, 2';0 notes, l : Mr. W. G., 1611()te I. 'Chemuli: Cbeul, 272.· ,riS: palm-juice drawers, 70, 412. I Cheul: 142 143; Cheut or JivaJ; 143, 144, 146, s : scavengers, 73. , 151, ISS, 156; position, varioue spellings of the lis: traders, 47. name, 269 and Dote 1 ; hil!tory, traditiunaJ, early is : b(>gg.irs, 73. Hindu, Ptl>l.emy (150), KAnheri inscriptions (130) i la : traders, 47. Periplue (24.), Koemas (525), Hiwen Thsang (642), ' musicians, 67. , Arab travellers, Masndi (915), Mnhalhil (941), l bhav:. an old oommutation rate knoW». AI Istakhri (950), Ibn Haukal (976), Al Bironi Rajpuri, 183- (1030), Alldriei (1130), 270-2i2; Devgiri ndav. early tribe, 71. (1312). Yijaynagarkings (1336· 1587}, Bahmanis : streAm, 7. (1347-1490), Nikitin'll acCount (1470). V&rthema'a pa,s, lUI. account (1503·1508), PortugUese appearanca at hvari or llhoga.vati: stream, 7. (1505), battle at, betweeB the Portngueee And fisbers, 68. MusaImAue (1508), Barbosa's account (1514), Por­ village exchanges wuh' ita ohlef the Pant tuguese factory at (1516), first M)lsalman fort at r (1818-1840), 159 and il()te 2, In and nota 2- Korle (1570), Portuguese Cheul besieged (1571), I: fort, 267. ' Linschot's account (15S3), second successful 169 and nota 3, 170 and notes 3 and 4, li3, M usaJmAil attempt to fortify Korle (1592), battle 84. at Kode &lid success of the Portuguese (1594), 36- 37,407,474- Pynt.td's (1602·1608) account, De!la Valle'. 11623. ~nd Deaths: 'l3g. 1625) account, Bocarro's (163:1) ac~'Ount, revenue I~EX.

and expenditure (1634), traJe (16M), condition Ii \Dancing Girl'8 Palace: Cheult 29,9, 30 ,ltHO·161iS). be.iegoo. by (1653), I Danda-R9Jpuri: town, 143; 1~ .1 Coutinho'& aoeount (li2S), 'ceded to the Marithaa I 434.438, 460·461 ; creek, 403. . (lj39), the French ai (I iT.), 273-286 i de..:riPtiOn,! DarghAcha Killa : see S3nkehl. . ohjec:ts of interest, l'ortuguese ruios, the castle, Dasgaon: pass, 115: town, 1;;9, 310·311. the c4thedral, the hoepitsl, J.ui, monastery, Dattatraya 8hrine : Chew, 28;. church of the Augustinians, St. Barbant's tower, I Daviea:~. J. M., Political Agen~ (184 D,.miukIlO church, 8t, Xavier's ~hapel, 28;·298; his appointment for revision of _smell Hi!Jdu and MU8alman objoots of inter..st: Dancing· ~ 182; his accoant of &nIt.hi Rajpuri and girl'a house, Somcehv&l' tellopW. Res~giring (1837),·182.186. . )I.iruti, Bud~ caves, Dattatmya's shrine, Debtors: 218. Ham:im Khana, mosque, .R:ijkot fort, landing· Della Valle: It.-ilian traveller (16'23-1625), plJ,ee, Mu.a1man dome, old tombs, Mall!laksbmi 292, 298, 309. templ<, battle stonfll,,...ter palace, .&meehvar . Depressed classes: 13, 414- temple, ADgria·. tomb, 299·310. Des:Us: hereditary revenue officers, 169. Chlkalgaon: village, 3lO. DesavM VaiDis: traders, 48. ChimnlI.ji Appa: Marathageneral (1431), U9, 151. Desha~h Bri.hmans : 44, 411. Chlmolo: perhaps Cheal, 2;0 and not!l7. Deshlrolkarnis: district accountants, 17: Chinese Element: in Indian archiiecture (915· : heredit&ry revenue officers, 1500), 272 note 2, 469.' 171, 172 note I, 1i8. Chitpavan Brahmans: u, ~Il. I Deshpandes: hereditary reveane officers, Chitrwthis: picture-showers, 73. In, 172 note I, 178, 194. Chivil; Cheul, 2i3. jl Devgad: see HareshV&l'" Chola: 8trell~ ll. 1 Devrukha Brahmans: «, 411. Cholera: 1,5, 179, 212, 213. 'il Devsthali: pass, 6, lIS. Christians: 86. Dhangar8 : shepherds, 67· 6S, 4ll. Churches: CheW Aogustinian, 29,}; DcminiC&ll, Dhiraba.d: rent deduction systlonai (1756), 152·153. 18'2 note 3; 183 and·note 3; 184andnot. Climate: 13 ·15, 236, 255. 4t». Dhavla: pass, 5, 114. Cloth weaving: 132. Dhep : form bf assessment, 168, 170. 171. 'Communities: 81, 4:.'3. . . Dholligria: huaband.mell, 51. . · Condition: of the dUtrict, 175 and note f; 176, I Diseases ': 23~ , li7. 1i8 and note Ii ; 179 and note 4; 181, 182 I Dlspensaries: 23'7,460. • and notes. 1 and 2; 163 and notes 2 and 3; 186, 1\ Dom JOM IV.: (1656) figure o~, 291,29') 190, lSd, 197,206 IlOts 1 :-of 1anja-- (lSSS), 449. I Dom Lourenco de Almeida: "Portngu · Copper and brass work: 130. . II IIWlder (1505), 273, 274- , Coronation: Shivajj'tl (16';4), 369.372. Domestic animals; 31·M, 405. c<-urtena:r : Mr., 2; n~ 10 89 nute .1. I~;. I, Diu: siege& of, 2;6 and note 7. Coutinho: report on Cheu1 by Dyeing: 133. '. (1.2:»,286. ~ Craftl: 130.1as, 431. ~ Craftsmeu: G3.6j, lOG, 413. Educa. tiOD : see Inatroction. . Creeka: 403. Ekvira: goddess, 3S3 note 1. Creepers: 26,2;. Elephanta : caVell, lSI. " Creps: 95·98. 424.. Exchange bills: 101·102, 426. . Currency: 101, 426. Excise : 223·225. , Customs : Kanbi, 55· 62. . Expo~: 124,43L F. D~~ I Fa.ir-; U9·1!!O, 262, 303, 321.322, 383. : Da Cunha • Dr. G., 292, 293, 295, 298. DadAjiRaghunath Deahpande: (1682) a Mar'. F~aki: measure fee, 184.. hteh Xh&n: Sidi gove~0l'(1655.1670), ~ general, 44l. I Faujdars: military offiec;rs,ljO . Dahivali: paaa,lla. . 8, o Daldia; IiahermeD, S3, 42L II Ferries: 9, 116,117,428. INDEX.

,toola: 93·94. Gun: the great Bij4pur, 277 note 1. trees: 30. Guns: in the J,.njira fortrea, 462.463. temple: 272. Gurava : musicians, 61, 412. : 37·39, 40S·409. irs: 6S·70, 414. H. ng: 13.5,474·482. , : Ralph, traveller (1584), 2iS note 6. Babs&n : see Janjira. era.ld : pus, is, n.. ' Babshi: ill BOuth Kol4ba, hit changes ill the re­ : Angria's, 147. venue demand., 171 and Dote 8; the Peahw ,s: Mr. J. (1771),14 1I0te.1, 155, 2IH, 388 recovers RAygad from him (1735) and changes his 11. rates, 172; division of land. between the SiJi and d labour: ~16·217. the Pesh,,&, 173 and note 6. Bee SiJi. ts: d08oriptiol1, 16:20; blocks, 21;' staff, Ball: Major (1818), U6. luce, and rc\'enue, 22; timber, trade, and Hamilton: tPlrVellor (1720), 263, .33 bote I, 442 It tribe8, 23, 404. Dote 2, 461 note 9; Mr. T. s., 2:i3 note I, 257 :e Grevil: (1599), 279 note 5. Dote I, 265 Dote 4, 843 note 1. h: the, at Cheul, 286~287. Barbour: Aliblig, 255. : traveller (1675), 270 Dote 5, 368 note 2. Bareshvar: town, 461. Built: graio, 97. G. Bavelock: Mr., Bent to Janjira (1870), 449.4S0. S : sailors, 68. . I Health: 236·239,460. Ie :. pass, us. Hemp: tillage, 97. 'ats : Angria's vessel$, 14'7. Bereditary. officers: absence of, 177; became uu-i,: stream, 10. revenne farmers or khot" 177, 178. Lti RiotS: 400·451. Billa: 5,6. 'n crops: 97·98, 425. Bindus: in Alexandria (A..D. 150), 138 and Dote 1. I : oow·keepers, 68, 414. lIingJJJ : temple of, 30i Ii Cueri: Italian traveller (1695), 281 Dote Bippokura : (Ghodegaon) 10, 138. ,5 note 6, 433 note 1. Bit'akot: ]55, 156, 234, 200. ';1 : 13, 403. History: (KoUba) administrative, early Hindus, es : mUsicians, 67. Malik Ambar, Mu.r4tUs, 168·174; British manage­ L: town, 147,148,149,150. ment (1818·1582), 175-21-&; 8ummary of British re-, lis: tinkers, 70, 413. venne history, 175-177; political, early (B.C. 225- , strerun, 10. A..Do 1300), 136·141; the Musalmtius (1300·1;;00),· gaon: Bee Goregaon. the Bahmania (1347 ·1489), GujanU kings (1519), 19ad: fort.. 4,1);6, 312·316,375,445. the Portugne8e (1507 ·1660) ; the Moghals (1600), le : Mr., remarks on Mr. Davies' reports on Bijapul' (1636), the Marithu (1650.1690). 142. shi RAjpuri and R4ygad (1837), 1$6· 18S, 14S; the Angriu (1600.1818), 145·156; the' British (1818·1840), 156·158: (Jaojira) early Ichoola: 231. history, 432·433; the Sidia, 434·4.)2. ~angle.: making of; 131. Hiwen Thsang: Chinese pilgrim (642), In, 270. nd silver work: ral. Bolus: beggan, 73. lis: beggara, "73, 415. Boldings: 92- I : beggars, 73~ 415. Hospital: Cheul Portuguese, 293. : pus, 11<&. Bot springs: 13, 38S. Lon: port, 316. .Houses : 410. Bunda: fonn of __ent. 168, 170. I or khinds': 115. a : begg&l"8, 73. Bunda bandi: tenure, 170. t: paBII, 115. Hurricane: 196. : Angria's vessels, 147. Husbandmen: 51~63, 98·99. "12. ,: 137 and Dote 8. Mr. (1750),145 and note 5,149. I. ,t: Br4hmans, 44, 4U: kings ~1509), . u. la, 142, and in Janjira, 435: Vams, tladers,' Ibr8.him Khh: Naw4b of Janjira (1848·1S;9), '«9·4S2. ,ti; trade laniUI'ge (9UI), 272 and note 1. ldr~ : African traveller (1153), 272 note 3. INDEX

Imports: 121.124,431. K. Inamdlirs: holders of .alienated villages (1882), , 162 aDd Dote 1, 163. Kachhis: craftsmen, 64. . Infirmities: 237. Kalals -, distillers, 70 . , Kalans : labourers, 71. ./ Instalments: of land revenue (1882), 162, 165 I and Dote 1. KalJlSh: SambMji'a favourite, added ct Interest: rates of, 1M, 426. r,"8ed the land. rent, 17l. Inscribed storuls : 253, 272, 471. Kanuithis: labourers, 70. lnBcriptio~: 253,257, 266 and note 1, 291 and Kamavisdlir: Marlltha. revenue collector notea 3, 5 ana 6, 295 and notes 1 and 4, 296 Kamtha: pass, 5, 114. .ud. notea 1 and 2, 298 and notes 1 and 2, . 300 .Kli.mthi: stream, 10. , . and note 1, ~s I, 2 and 3, 30.4 notes 1 and Kanara. kings. 142. . 2, 331, 332 and note 1, 333, 334, 342, 356. Kangori : fort, 323, .tnstruction: 230-235, 459·460. . . Ka.nhoji Angria.: I. (1690-1731),143- 'lDvest'ments: 102-103. (1839), 157, 263. . Iniga-tion: 9\.92,424- Ka.nkeshvar: hill, 2, 6, 316 -318; .tem] • 323. . Iron working ~ 134. Isa.pur : town, 156. _ Ka.npha.te :. r~ligioU8 beggars, 415. Istava: leases granted by Ahmadnagar kings, 167. Kansa : see Padamdurg. Kapol V 8.nis : traders, 48. Izifat: Klwta, 163t 453. Karhada..BdJlDlanll: 45. . _ J. "" lUrli: pass, U5, 377, 378. .Tatarabad: taken by the Sidis(1759), 447. Kas8.rs: coppersmiths, 63, 413. Jails: 222, 458.. Kuim: (Sidi) governor of Jsnjira and laimur: Cheul, 271. admiral (1670·1707), 437 -44~. J ains : at Cheul, 2i8 note 5. Katana: wood-tumers, 64. Jamaitia: eee KonkaniB. Kathkaris: an early tribe, 71'·72,415. James: Commodore (1749), 152. Kaith'odis : see Kathkaris. J'angams: beggars, 74; husbandmen, 412. Xaula : fort, 324- Janjira: State; desCription, boundaries, sub· Kavalya: pass. 6, 115. di visiODB, aspect, rivera, creeks, geology, Kayasth Prabhus: writers, 46, 411. . climate, 401-403; 'minerals, forests, domestic Kazwini : writer {1265l, 272 Dote 2- animals, wild aoimaJe, sna.kes, bird., fish, Kennedy: Mr. R., 253 note I, 3-l3 note .' 404.408; census details, Hindus, Musalm&ns, note 4, 383 note 3, 390 note 2, 397 notE Bcni·Israels. villages, communities, movements, note 1. 409-423; agricultural popuhtion, irrigation, Khachar: pass, 115. crcpa. bad years, 424-425; ;"terest, cnrrency, Khadait V8.nia: traders, 48. . moooylenders, mortgages, wages, prices, 426 .42'( ; Klut:6. Khan I Musalman historian HI 6.90 '-roads, post-offices, ferries, vessels, steamers, trade 145 note 3; 364 and notea 1 and 2 312' centres, markets, fairs, shopmen, carriers, im. 436,437. '. .. porte, exports, crafta, 428.431; history, 432 -451; Kha.iriyat: governor of Janjira (1670.16!J( land, justice, revenue, instruction. health, 452 ~ 441,464. 460 ; pla.ce8 of intereat, 460 -467. fort, 462.464. KhandaJa 1 inscription at, a-:u. - Javal Brahmans: 44. . : (Kenery) 143,. 146, 147. 156-' layaing: Angria(1793-17911), 155·156, 260,265. light-house, history, 3"..4,32'7,'440,472,:47 Jesuit monastery: Cheu!, 294. Khan Jehan: the Moghalgovernor of the : Jhid J'hadora :~arden-ta.x, 170 no~ 3. (1670), 437. lha.njha ;..Mth Sil~ chief (915 1),271 and note· Kha.rapat; salt'rice·land. See Land. 3.' . Khars: salt rice·land or 'KhAl'apllt villi Jingars: saddlers, 64, A13 •. Aliblig, 194 ilOte 1.' . Jogis ; beggars, 74, ,. , . Kharvia~: sailors, 68, 414. J' oharis: traders, 47, '48. Khatiks : bntc~e1'8, 71. 414•. J oshis: beggars, 74. . Khatris : weavers, 64, 131. Jucliciahtaff; 217.. •.. Khikria: shepherds, 67. JUStice: the Angrilis', 215-217; the Briti»h, 217, Khojas: ~. 222, 22ii ~ theSidi.e'. 4.56·458, Xhokhati: town, 464. I llwneasurod lumps or ~lota, 168, 193, I:DE~y the MaNl~; 170 an,. ~ote'!! 5; 6 'and i I; 1. "',r/;,,,, or dOIl~.,.ri' (hill) la",ts .c8 nlanRged·hy thum salt riue..lan,la 8urvf'yoJ' C\'cry year, 1;-1: tjlh~t' :), WI, 162 and note I ; forhiddl)n wint.Cr!ere inoNMIld. la. 175 anJ 176 ; Allbl\g salt r:,'f",) D,I their strict duties .and powers by the land. revised (18;2), 176; much an.ble wa;;tel, ,titM. IiI j tlieir orit,~n, titlos, and position, (I 82'&), 1';'9; villages to be farmed at a ye~rly in· 'j ,nd note J, 173, la, 177, 178 and Dote. 1,2, ere,wing 1'\l!Ital. (IS2S), system extended (I":lG). I 15; khoti villages rullDRge(1 hy !3overnweni 180; rice lands net cuiJied but uniformly mtants, lSI; farlDc,\ Or kbuti villa~8 in charged a graiu bi:;loa rate, lSI; Sl'rNtJ. of tjll.,g~, ' shi rl.2). II: s,'e Putclluk. II 190·196; Kolaba Sub-collectorate fOTTU.,.1 ill g:\d: a fort, 151. i 1852..')3,196; seasoDa alld 'revenne (l8:l'; - 1S,:i3l, vant Brahmans; 45. 196·197; conditiou (ISJd), 197; lun·,·y (ls:.-I. rnps: GlljlU·.. t killb'll (A .. D. 2(0), 140. 15(;6),198- 209; AliMg salt flCI! lO,;'''''''SllIent reo eaves: description, caves I. -IlL 8.12·333 i vised (1872), ,210.211; survey re8ulttJ and huJ. Y. :~:I' ; VI. :l35 -337 ; VII.· XII. 339 r XIII. - revenue (1855.1878), 211 ; saasou rep

p. Private schools: 230·231. mdurg , fort, 466. Prother: Lieut.·Colonel (1818), J56, 267, 316, 3~ 1 , a mode of Alibag ult rice tillage, 191. 375 ·376. ; Ulives, 345·349. Ptolemy: the geographer (A.D. 150),1..0, 136.1n fort, 267. 270, 432, 465. 1 .-tapping: 134. Pucho: Bee Putchuk. • Ie Brahmans, 45. Pulses: 97. haitu: town, 466 ~ Pir, 435, 404. Purab: father of 'Kanhoji A.ngria, )4;;. 'l-, hals : erafstnron, 65. Purl: lee Danda-Mjpuri. I llarpeahia : 'high Cll8t~ lauulwlders. 112, '433 , Putobuk: a-fragrant root, 284 and note 4, 470. e 1. I_pyrard :' French travel;. (1601·1608), 279,280. uls : beggars. 74. Sachiv: 177 and note 2. See Bhor. pass. 5. 114. Raghoji Angria: I. (1759 ·1793), 1.'H ·155,264 eshia : labonrers, 71. II. (1817 ·1839), 156.157. ;S : wilshermen, 67, 413. Ragi: grain. 96. ls: 87. Rainfall: 15, 214, 2ro, 243, 246, 248, 250, 40(. is : hill, 5· 6, 114. 115, 136. Rajkot: Cheul citadel, 146, 150, 305. lie Prabhus : writers, 47.' : fort 146, 151. - s: vilbge headmen, 161,162, 111,177,452. Rajporl: crune into British ~Sllion - (l8IS] ar: Mr; G. W. (1877), 451. 159; khota,178; condition, revenue system, an, oM 8:1nkshi, 159, 178, 186, 189, 196, 202· assessment (1837), 183, 184, 185 not~ I, 189 Dot ·divisional details, boundaries, area, aspect: 1, 197; revenue survey (1863), 204· 205; creek 402. late, water,' soil, holdings, rental, etock, II duce, people, 1, 242·245; to"'D, people, trade, Ramdllaran: caves, 377. er w(\l'ks, history, 354·356. Ramesbvar: Cheul temple, 272; (1623·1628) 28~ 308·310. Ilula: perha~1 Cheul; 27~ note 2. . I Ramoshia: laboure,:" 71 ; freebooturs, 158, 2~O. IVa.: the, 140, 14.7, 151, la5, 156, ceded D:1e· I the Koli captain of Janjira (1490: n, Komala, and Bankot fort in 1756, aud Sauk. Ram Patil : (,'15. Rajpuri aml RAygad in 1818, 159 and note 2; I Ramraij : stream, 9. r rilllnllogement (1735.1818) and changes in reo i Rang8.rla: dy~rs, 65. ue demaud, 172, 1;-3 and note 6; 174 and ' e 2. : fort, 378. fort, 6, 142, 144, 145, 146, 150, 156 : 116, :l7S. Raygad: came into British possession (IS18), 159 ; khots apples: 98. 178; condition, re"venue system, and &IlSeSSlllen. pn~s. lI5. (1837), 185.1S6, 189 note 1,197; revenue survey ies: Angda's, 147, 148. (1866), 207; 209; 'fort, description, spproaches, ~ coast: 432, 465. the way np, 357·359; hill top, objects, 3ilO· 3~2; 8S: Malllh~ r (162.1), 281 and note 1... history, Shiyllji'scoronation, 367 ·376: 442.,-, ': l.istorian (A.D. 77), 139 note 2, 432. :h : the size of, 92. Readers and writers: 231,232. ' lpur : town, 3;;7. Reading·rooms; 235. Registration: 219, 226,457. "­ e I 221· ~22, 226, 458. lation: 40.88, half· peopled villages (1824), Reservoirs: 11, 12- , 179; abundant (1837), 175, 176, 182 ....,d Rest·houses: 117. ) 1, 183, 409.423- Revas : port, 150, 3i8: I: 126·130. 'Revatikshetra : traditional name of Chew, 269.- 19uese : (1507·1660), 143; buildings in Chelll 1, 270 note 1. " " , 10·1721), 2i9 note 4, 289·290•. , Revdanda: town. 143, 150, 299; lapsed (1840),] Offices: 117·118, 428. 159, 190 ; garden IRnd aseeBBment revised (18.l2),' lry: 133- 192.193; revenue survey (1857), '198.·200. ,:j ,ad: town, 150, 357. Revenue: 176 and note 2; 179 and note"; (1837}.1 of grain: 107· lOS; great fa.ll in afte!' 183; 192 and Dote 2, 197. 2J1, 214. 22.'4. ,-, ),175 and notes 1 and 6; rise in "(iS34"lS37), Revenue Fa.rmers: 172, li6, 177, 178 an,] note· note 1, lR4; high (1854·1866),176,197; low 2, 179. IS8a.nd note 3, 184 and n0i4. I, tSG,' 2 -1876), 17i; (1~52.1881), 2J.l, 428. 187, 188, 190. INDEX_ . , Jtevenue System: 18th century, three systems, Season reports ~ (1818 -1834) 115; (183' - ,171, 172, 179, 180 and note 3; examined by 196, 197; (1868·1881) 212-214. Mr. Davies (1836·37), 182 ·186; opinions and Sea 1is,heriea : 474. euggestions of the Collector and the Revenne ISea trade: 126·130. - Commislioner and Government orders (1837), . Self-sacrifice: in the , Masudi's ace 186 ·18h Alibag, 190 ·196- (915), 271 note 4. , Revenue and 1inan.ce : i23.229; Cheul (1634),283 , Servants: persoual, 67, 413. and note 1 ; Janjira, 4ii9. SesamlQll: 97. Rice: 95·96. . Sh&hji Bhonale: 143 and nots 7. Rivers: 6.11,402. Shah Ta.hir : ministefof Burhan NizAm.(ISOl . RoadB: Ill·U3, 428. ' 435, 464, 466. Robber: bands put down, 175. Shenvis: Br:iliinans, 45, 46.. Shepherds: f)l, 68, 414. " ltoha: 158; old Rajpuri, 159, 186, 196, 2'20 ; suh. Shevtya: pass, 5, 114- divisional details, houn,laries,· area, asp~t, ShilQtri: a tenure. See Shilotridars. climate, water, soil,. holdings, rental" stock., Shilotridars: gap wM-dens, 90, 91, 166·1 prodnce, people, I, 24.5.241; town, 378·399. nots 2, 195. Shiin: split, 166. :" s. Shimpis: tailors, 66, 4131 &chiD Nawaba: origin of, Wi. Shindes : labourers, 71. SAgargad : f?rt, 6, 146, 151, 1M, 156: description, Shiul: Cheul, 215 note 3.. . ",ew, remams, walks, 2M, 379·383. ShidJi: 144,145, 267, 269, 285, 316, 32 'Soil : 89, 424- 344; choice of R:!.ygad (1662),363; raid OIl Sailors: see fisbers. arrogation of royalty (1664), peacE Saimur: Chenl, 271 and ~te'l ; 272 note 5. ,I AnraI18Eeh, visits _Delhi, escapee in di8gu Sikhar':,stream, 8,IM. '. reB turns to lUygad (1664), 364; embass Sakoji Angria: (1731.1733}, 149,150. j ombay, coronation(1674), 365-371 ;deatb Salis: weavers, 65, 412. 372; his operations against Janjira,436-" Salmon: Maj.or W. A., 40i lUfe 2. . \ Shoemaking: 135. Salt: 134, 135, 226,409, 431. I Shopkeepers: 120. Salt-lands: 90·91. I Shrim8Ji V &niB t traders,.48. Salt marsh trees: 26. 'I Shriva.rdhan: town, 146, 425, 4f)l. Sambal: Moghal admiral (1670-1676), 437.439. Sibor: perhaps,Chew, 270. Sidis : origin, 433 ; constitution, 434; in Ah 's son, (1680-1689), 145; Chenl Sambhaji: gar and Bijapur serVice, 435; appointeci ':' besieged by (1683), 283; Janjira besieged (1682), admirals, 436; in wars with the :.til :' 441; Angria (1740·1748), 149-152,264. 4:17 .442; quarrel with the English anti : Sanchni m.a.kta: an AIibAg survey, 191. out of , 443·446; take J:1farabi.J San.gars: blsnket-wesvers; 65. intornal affairs, 448. ¥i2 ; people, 420.-421 ,S~shi: 142-143; came io.to 'Britis!:i possession Sidoji-Gujar: r.farlWta admiral (169S)"l4f i In 1818, 159; kliota, 178, 159; condition, revenue Sigerdis : see Zizera. ,., 1 system" and high assessment (1837), 182 and Silaharas: Konkan rulers (810·1260),,141. ~ notes 3, 5, 6 and 7, 183 4IIdnotes 2 and 3 ; snrvey Silk-weaving: 132; manufacture of, 278; l :' ordered (1837), 189 ;' revenue survey introduced Sinclair: Mr, W. F., 253 nots 1; 310, 3: '" (1858), 201· 203, 220; fort, ascent, cisterns, 2, 332 note 3, 343 Dotea 3 and 4, 351 : granarieB, Badr·ud.diD's tomb, ruins, history, 383- 353 Dote 8, 383 note 3, 384 note I, 385 : ~ 388. and 3,_ 387 note 2, 391 Dote 2, 408, 47 ~ Sankuvarbai: wife of Jaysing (1793·1796), IM,- 4, and 5. .. , 156,327. ' Sirul Khan: governor of Janjira (1707 Sa.rd!ra : Sidi, 449-451...... ' 443,464- Saretaria: palm.juice drawers, 71. Slavery: 140,216. Bullel: A.ngria'e title, 146. Snakes: 36,407. Barodis or D8.knjis: beggara, 415. Someshvar temple: Chenl, 30L Saving classea: 102. Sonars: goldsmiths, 66, n 3. Savitri or Bankot: river, 10. 11. Songiri: fort, 3S8. • Schools: ~, 232-:l31i. 459-'60. Sonkolis ; see Kolis, . INDEX.

,hiya Vama: tradeu, "'. Thevenot: acCOUDt of Cheull1666), 2SS note 2. I '&' : ~71 . Thiba: pus, fl, 115. , ~ .b"t'pring, I:J, 358. Tie~enthaler: German miasionary (1750), 2361! ; administrative (lSS2), 160.162; (1818),177· 3 ... 3. . .' Tillage: 94, 95: • . ps: 2~3. Toka: form of _meut, 110 and note 3. l of the district: (1827·1880), 220; of Tolls: 115·116. ' jira (18;;:;), 449. Toinbl: Musa1Jll.iD...!!6B. 300, 301, 464. ' j a.rba.ra.; Fmnci.can to.... ar ,t Cbeul, 296. TDWlllchoola : z.l.. , ubin: Chenui.. r de ('1760), 160·162; 286, Tra.de centrel: '118 ·119, 136,430. n,)te 2. Trade: early (B.C. 2()O·A.D. 200), 138 and ooW , n-ferries : 116, 2[)5, 429-. and 139, 140,-2.>5; Cheul (1314). 275; (15S6' ~ details: 93. 2i9; (163-1), 2M; modern, 121.130- lD: historian (II.C. 54·A.D. 24), 4.,)1. I .Transit duties: a.bolished, 182 and Dote 1., livisional officera: DlAmlatd4rs (ISS2), Treaty: 214, 2i7, 281), Z?6, 311, 344, 367• . WI. Trees: !!3. 26. livisions: I, 240·2S:!, .01. Troops ~ Shiv~ji' ... 364 note S. . edar ; M:m1tha commander, 170. Tukliji Angria : (1643), the foonder of the family, Ii; I'a.Q9, 115. H5. . t; pluudo!J"cd by Shivnji (1664), 364 and note TuUji Angria: l1i'4S·1755), 149·153. feuds b.·tween tbe English and the Sidi at, . lii. U• a.d : fort, 267; :JSS· 300. Umbarda: pasa, 5, 114. ames: Agri, 61 ; Jangnm, H; ThAkur, 72. Unheri: hot aprings, 13. ey: 176, lSI, IS6·189, 191,192, 193; (ISS7. Underi: (Henery), lapsed (1840), 1:>9, 61, 200 .209; (lS7~), 210; results, 2U. revenue 8urvey (1857), 200·201 ; island ra; 2-12 note I, 413. history, US, 155; 215, 3~·397, 440·Ul. mdurg: town, 146,. Unsettled Tribes: 71 ·72. illa: ..-by Cbeul. 270 nots 5. Uanai: rent and cesses, 190. Utegars: ahepbcrJa, 67. T· Ut.hlapat : Iweet rice land, 190. lring; 133. I V. landi: tenure, 170. 235,460.' ~d : fort, 1«, 156, 445 ; descriptionl history, Vaccination: ·395. Vada.rs : quarrymen, 72, 414. : towit).,390· 391. VeIaa': town, 467. Vams: tradei'll, 48, 411. hana : p!l89 ; 6, 115. bats: coppt'mniths, 66. • Vanjaris: carriers, 73. ~ r : commutation, 183, 197, 206 and Dote r. Va.randhA : pass, 5,l14. ~ Farokht: CODllllutlltioD we system, 1';'2 Varaoli: stream, 8. e2- hri:p~~ . lut Khan: gDvt'rnor of Surat (1733), 4-t3. Varthem&: traveller (l503.15~), 142 noto 8, 27~. ~. Vengurla.: burnt by the Sidia (16iS}, 439.,. I: oilmen, 67,412- Vessels: 124·1~ 4:..'9. perature: 15. Veth: \Inpaid labour, IS7, ISS ud note 1. • plea: 2:;3, 2;;9, 262, 2i2, 2S1, 301, 307; Views: 254, 266, 268, 306, 315, 318, 3~ 332,.' ! . 309, 3111 ·323, 32-1, 332 note 2, 3:>3, 362, 385, 351,3;7, 381, 3SS,3S9,39~3~ L. Village accountant: Bee Kulkarni, 117. 1i9. ~ Il'es: (lSS2), 162.168; early Hindu, 168.169; Village headman: Bee PAtil; ISO, .~ l note 2- Village leases: 164 Dote 3, ISO, 152, lSI Ilo~l 'itorial changes: 159 and note 2, 160 and 2, lliO and note 3.' ~ te I, 175, 1';7 and note I, 1S2 note 3,190 and I. Village officers: (1SS2), 161 and DOtes 1 and. 2 ~ AI 2, 1\16, !!Oil h<'te 2. 162. • .~ mrs: early tribe. 72- Villa.ge police: 219. . '.! i: town and fort, liH, 395. "I Villages: 1; exchange.a (1818-1840), 159 and now: U. ; 2, I unte 1, 272 a.nd not, 5. I 2, Il"mool' nllJ maIllLj!ement (lS82l.l60, 161. 16~ INDEX.

and DOte I, 177 arl