The Impact of Cage in Lake Toba to Tourisms

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THE IMPACT OF CAGE IN LAKE TOBA TO TOURISMS

A PAPER

WRITTEN BY FITRIANI.S REG. NO: 132202037

DIPLOMA-III ENGLISH STUDY PROGRAM FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA MEDAN 2016

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA

Approved by

Supervisor,

Dr. Roswita Silalahi, Dipl., M.Hum NIP : 195405281983032001

Submitted to Faculty of Cultural Studies, University of Sumatera Utara

In partial fulfillment of the requirements for Diploma-III (D-III) in English

Approved by

Head of Diploma III English Study Program

Dr. Matius C.A. Sembiring, M.A. NIP : 19521126198112 1 001

Approved by the Diploma-III of English Study Program

Faculty of Cultural Studies, University of North Sumatera

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA As a paper for the Diploma-III Examination

Accepted by the board of Examiner in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the D-III Examination of the Diploma III of English Study Program, Faculty of

Cultural Studies, University of Sumatera Utara.

The examination is held on

Faculty of Culture Studies, University of Sumatera Utara

Dean,

Dr. Budi Agustono, M.S. NIP : 19511013197603 1 001

Board of Examiners: Signature

1. Dr. Matius C.A. Sembiring, M.A. (Head of ESP)

2. Dr. Dra. Roswita Silalahi, Dipl., M.Hum

3. Dr. Deliana, M.Hum. (Reader)

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA AUTHOR’S DECLARATION

I am, FITRIANI.S, declare that I am the sole of author of this paper. Except where the references is made in the text of this paper, this paper contains no material published elsewhere or extracted in whole or in part from a paper by which I have qualified for awarded another degree.

No other person’s work has been used without due acknowledgement in the main text of this paper. This paper has not been submitted for the award of another degree in any tertiary education.

Signed :………………..

Date : 2016

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA COPYRIGHT DECLARATION

Name : FITRIANI.H. SIINJAK

Title of paper : THE IMPACT OF CAGE IN LAKE TOBA TO

TOURISMS

Qualification : D-III/ Ahli Madya

Study Program : English

I am willing that my paper should be available for reproduction at the discretion of the Diploma III English Department Faculty of Cultural Studies

University of Sumatera Utara on the understanding that users are made aware of their obligation under law of the Republic of Indonesia.

Signed :……………….

Date : 2016

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA ABSTRAK

Judul kertas karya ini adalah The Impact of cage In lake Toba To Tourisms”. Kertas karya ini terdiri dari empat bab, yaitu bab pertama adalah pendahuluan yang berisi latar belakang, perumusan masalah, pembatasan masalah, tujuan dan metode penelitian. Bab kedua adalah landasan teori yang berisikan pengertian danau, jenis danau, manfaat danau , asal mula danau toba, manfaat danau toba, dan pengertian keramba dengan jenis keramba.. Bab ketiga adalah data dan analisis yang berisikan hasil dari penelitian yang penulis diperoleh dari penelitian di danau toba dan khusus nya kecamatan Haranggaol. Dengan keadaan keramba keramba liar di danau toba maka kulitas air menjadi kotor citra air sangat berkurang. Sehingga pengunjung merasa kecewa dengan air yang penuh kotoran. Timbulnya sampah danau karena ternak ikan dan menimbulkan tumbuhan eceng gondok, sehingga membususk dan menjadi sampah. Pada bab terakhir yaitu bab keempat, berisi kesimpulan dan saran yang menjelaskan tentang hasil penelitian yang diperoleh dari bab ketiga dan berisikan saran-saran yang diberikan untuk pembaca atau penulis lain yang mengambil topik yang sama.

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UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA ABSTRACT

The title of this paper work is “The Impact of cage In lake Toba To Tourisms ". Paper work is composed of four chapters, the first chapter is an introduction that contains the background, problem formulation, barring problems, objectives and methods of research. The second chapter is the theoretical basis that contains the definition of the lake, the lake types, the benefits of the lake, the origin of Lake Toba, the benefits of Lake Toba, and understanding the types of cages cages. The third chapter is the data and analysis that contains the results of research by the author obtained from research on lake toba and its special districts Haranggaol. With the state of wild cages cages in Lake Toba, the quality of their dirty water into water image greatly reduced. So that visitors feel disappointed with the water full of dirt. The emergence of junk lake for fish and raises livestock water hyacinth plants, so rotten and become garbage. In the last chapter is the fourth chapter, contains conclusions and suggestions that describe the results obtained from the third chapter, and contains suggestions given to other readers or writers who took the same topic.

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

First of all, I would like to thank and praise to the Almighty God, Jesus

Christ for giving me health, strength, and continiously hope in every single minute in the procces of accomplishing this paper.

Then, I would also like to express a deep gratitude, love, and appreciation to:

Dr.Budi Agustono, as the Dean of Faculty of Cultural Studies, University of Sumatera Utara.

Dr. Matius C.A Sembiring MA., as the Head of English Diploma Study

Program, who has given me directions in doing this paper.

Dr. Roswita Silalahi, M. Hum as my supervisor. I am thankful for your valuable time in directing, teaching,and inspiring me to complete this paper.

Drs. Parlindungan Purba, M. Humas my reader. Thank you very much also for the valuable time for reading this paper.

All the lecturers in English Diploma. Thank you for all the knowledge and experience that you have shared to me.

The greatest thanks are fully dedicated to both of my beloved parents,

G.Sitinjak S.pd. and L. Br. Manurung S.pd.. I am here today because of your prayer, love, support, care, and continously financial .Thank you also to my beloved sisters, Eva Sitinjak S.pd, suryati sitinjak Am.keb ,and sani sitinjak,, and my little brother jhosua sitinjak , thank you for all of your unending support and prayer.

Thanks to my only grandmother, R. Br.Naibaho. Thank you very much for teaching me all things in life.

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA Special thanks is given to my boy friend Jhonny Damanik, all the things patience in solving this paper. May the Almighty God be with you always.

Thanks to my best friends Rorez simanjuntak, Samuel Nababan, Radot simanjuntak, rotua hutasoit, Morina sidabukke, Ulita situmorang. Rumada sitorus

With you all, I am happy.

Thanks to my dearest friend in English Diploma 2013 Gratia sialagan,Silvi yosviana, Ruth Surbakti. Samuel sitorus, annisa rangkuty, Nurhalimah gurning,

Nendy dea, ,Intan lesmana, Riza fadhilah., and all that I can not mention one by one. Thankyou for all the time we have filled together. I love you all.

Thanks to all my friends in English Diploma III, all my senior, all my junior, and SOLIDAS organization. Thank you for being part of story of my life.

Thank you so much for everybody who has been mentioned, be sure that you will be always remembered forever.

Medan, July 2016.

The writer,

Fitriani H. Sitinjak Reg. No. 132202037

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA TABLE OF CONTENTS

AUTHOR’S DECLARATION ...... i COPYRIGHT DECLARATION ...... ii ABSTRACT ...... iii ABSTRAK ...... iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ...... v TABLE OF CONTENTS ...... vii

1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the Study ...... 1 1.2 The Problems of the Study ...... 2 1.3 Objectives of the Study ...... 2 1.4 Significances of the Study ...... 2 1.5 The Scope and Limitation of the Study ...... 2

2. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 2.1 Lake ...... 3 2.2 Lake Toba ...... 3 2.3 Cage………………………………………………………………… .. 14 2.4 Tourisms…………………………………………………………… ... . 16

3. DATA ANALYSIS 3.1 Tourisms and Lake Toba ...... 18 3.3 The Results of Research ...... 23

4. CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS 4.1 Conclusions ...... 29 4.2 Suggestions ...... 29

REFERENCES 30

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UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA 1. INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the Study

Geologist said, Lake Toba is the largest lake in Indonesia and is also the largest volcanic lake in the world with an area of 1,130 km2 and the lake is one kind of attraction in Indonesia with the panorama is so beautiful. Even visitors from abroad came to this natural attraction to see only the privilege of Lake

Toba. One of the privileges of Lake Toba is so beautiful and the water appears blue as well as the water clarity.

Now Lake Toba is polluted, not the preservation of the natural environment of the lake, causing water lakes filthy and smelly. One of pollution that damages lakes and tourist attractions in particular is floating cages. Cage is a basket or a box of bamboo to cultivate fish in the form cages that were placed in the body of the lake. Use of the cages around Lake Toba is no longer stable. Even in the visiting area bathhouse there is any fish cages contained therein. The fish were reared with the intake of fish food pellets which fish with fish pellets giving the fish can breed to produce fingerlings.

With the situation so it automatically sewage and used pellet fish that are not eaten by the fish will be wasted into the lake and it caused pollution of the lake water.

With the state of Lake Toba is very critical, visitors also had the feel of a maximum of disappointment because they can no longer enjoy the freshness of the water when bathing in Lake Toba. The preservation of nature that has been damaged and is not awake to make Lake Toba deserted by visitors where visitors who often visit Lake Toba. But now Lake Toba has no more overseas visitors as a result of the pollution of the maximum.

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA 1.2 The Problems of the Study

Based on the explanation above, problems which are discussed in this paper are:

1) What is the description of the beauty of Lake Toba?

2) What are the impacts of cages to Lake Toba?

1.3 Objectives of the Study

The objectives of this study are:

1) To determine the description of the beauty Lake Toba.

2) To determine the impacts of cages to Lake Toba.

1.4 Significances of the Study

The significances of this study are:

1) As one of qualifications to fulfill my degree in English Diploma major.

2) As a medium to inform the reader the effect of cage

3) As a medium to inform the reader the effect of cage in toba lake to tourism.

1.5 The Scope and Limitation of the Study

There are many places that can be taken as the example of this study, but the writer only focuses in Haranggaol. Reviewing the cages about the water which influences the existence of Lake Toba in Haranggaol, The writer took some photos of local and foreign visitors from the United Kingdom.

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA 2. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

2.1 Lake

A lake is an area of variable size filled with water, localized in a basin that is surrounded by land, apart from any river or other outlet that serves to feed or drain the lake. Lakes lie on land and are not part of the ocean (except for sea lochs in Scotland and Ireland), and therefore are distinct from lagoons, and are also larger and deeper than ponds, though there are no official or scientific definitions.

Lakes can be contrasted with rivers or streams, which are usually flowing.

However most lakes are fed and drained by rivers and streams.

Natural lakes are generally found in mountainous areas, rift zones, and areas with ongoing glaciation. Other lakes are found in endorheic basins or along the courses of mature rivers. In some parts of the world there are many lakes because of chaotic drainage patterns left over from the last Ice Age. All lakes are temporary over geologic time scales, as they will slowly fill in with sediments or spill out of the basin containing them. Many lakes are artificial and are constructed for industrial or agricultural use, for hydro-electric power generation or domestic water supply, or for aesthetic or recreational purposes.

2.3 Lake Toba

Lake Toba (Indonesian: Danau Toba) is a large natural lake occupying the caldera of a super volcano. The lake is about 100 kilometers long, 30 kilometers wide, and up to 505 meters (1,666 ft) deep. Located in the middle of the northern part of the Indonesian island of Sumatra, with a surface elevation of about 900 meters (2,953 ft), the lake stretches from 2.88°N 98.52°E to 2.35°N

99.1°E. It is the largest lake in Indonesia and also the largest volcanic lake in the world. Lake Toba is the site of a massive super volcanic eruption estimated at

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA VEI 8 that occurred 69,000 to 77,000 years ago, representing a climate-changing event. It is the largest known explosive eruption on Earth in the last 25 million years. According to the Toba catastrophe theory, it had global consequences for human populations: it killed most humans living at that time and is believed to have created a population bottleneck in central east Africa and India, which affects the genetic makeup of the human world-wide population to the present.

It has been accepted that the eruption of Toba led to a volcanic winter with a worldwide decrease in temperature between 3 to 5 °C (5.4 to 9.0 °F), and up to

15 °C (27 °F) in higher latitudes. Additional studies in Lake Malawi in East

Africa show significant amounts of ash being deposited from the Toba eruptions, even at that great distance, but little indication of a significant climatic effect in

East Africa.

The Toba caldera complex in Northern Sumatera, comprises four overlapping volcanic craters that adjoin the Sumatran "volcanic front." The fourth and youngest caldera is the world's largest Quaternary caldera (100 by 30 km (62 by 19 mi)) and intersects the three older calderas. An estimated 2,800 km3

(670 cu mi) of dense-rock equivalent pyroclastic material, known as the youngest

Toba tuff, was released during one of the largest explosive volcanic eruptions in recent geological history. Following this eruption, a resurgent dome formed within the new caldera, joining two half-domes separated by a longitudinal graben.

At least four cones, four stratovolcanoes and three craters are visible in the lake. The continent cone on the northwestern edge of the caldera has only sparse vegetation, suggesting a young age of several hundred years. Also, the Pusubukit

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA (Hill Center) volcano (1971 meters above sea level) on the south edge of the caldera is solfatarically active and is a Geology Sanctuary.

Geologists said the eruption of Toba caused a drop in temperature in the world, reaching up to 5 degrees Celsius. Moreover, in nearly all parts of the world, found dust coming from this eruption. This is evidenced by the molecular structure of the same volcanic dust up to 2100 points. It is very surprising. Barely there, dust is also found in the Arctic. This is what gave rise to the statement, how all-powerful the eruption of the volcano. Volcanic eruptions also believed to destroy around 60 percent of the world's population as well as other living beings, so that the trust is what causes mass extinctions at the time. The eruption that is believed to form a caldera that then filled with water, until now known as Lake

Toba, the biggest lake se - southeast Asia and the deepest in world .while because magma pressure that cannot get out, eventually the middle -the middle of the lake appeared an island known by the name of the island.

Unlike the public confidence about the origin - the origin of the Lake Toba and Samosir Island, Batak society has its own legend of the lake. They Said that the story, in ancient times, in the area around Toba there is a very high and lofty mountain and break up the sky, it was very beautiful mountain. Around the volcano there is a small river valley wing.

The Bataknese believe that there was a youth who are poor and working fishing. This young man named Toba. One time, in the small streams that usually

Toba fishing, he was fishing from morning to evening, but there was not at any one fish he got. Toba was upset and desperate. And when he wished interesting fishing rod to take home, Toba surprised, because there is an interesting hook. He immediately pulled, and it turned out to a very large gold fish even in failure by 5

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA Toba cheered by it. Feeling great, Toba was coming home with the gold fish.

Toba wanted to quickly catch the fish fry. However Toba startled because there is a call. "Hey lads". Toba searched for the origin of the noise, but he did not find. "I'm here”, the gold fish that he caught is talking, Toba immediately see it, and sure enough, the fish could talk. Toba amazed - amazed by what he saw at the time. The gold fish talked again "Do you eat youth. Put me in the hut of yours, and you may come up again three days after that. " Toba is not much to ask, he just followed the request of the gold fish. Toba put the fish in his small hut. Toba went home empty-handed. However Toba still wonders of what was happening.

Three days passed, Toba hardly wait to see the magic fish. When he got there, he was struck again with the figure of a girl who’s flawless. Toba was nervously ventured to say hello "who are you? ". The girl even then answered questions Toba with her charming voice "I was a gold fish your catch results three days ago." Toba was amazed and in disbelief, but she was trying to convince him.

She also explained that she was the daughter of the ruler of water called Nauli.

Toba was courting, because he was fascinated by the beauty of the gold fish girl. The water authorities and even then blushed and replied "I want to be your wife." with half disbelief, Toba was very happy. But the girl went again his words "With the agreement, when we married, you should not ask again from where I proposed, whatever happens. If you deny it, I'll go back to my original form and leave ". Toba was capable of and approve the agreement. Then he took her home to marry.

After marriage they lived happily. Toba worked as a farmer and his wife is a housewife. After a long time with their life together, eventually Toba is shaken with happy news that his wife was pregnant. Toba is increasingly fond of his wife.

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA Time passed, until his wife gave birth to a son - a man who was given the name of

Samosir. Samosir is a beautiful boy, much like her mother. Samosir grow big and healthy. Once, Naidoo asked to deliver food to his father. He also undertakes the mother's request. With pleasure, he takes the food to the fields, where her father worked. But amid the journey, Samosir fall. Eating brought also fell. Samosir taking and collecting these foods are.

After reaching the paddy fields, Samosir scared to call his father. Then his father saw him and approached him. Samosir just bowed scared and did not say a word - any word to his father. Hungry, father rushed to open the food. His father was surprised to see the food dirty. He scolded Naidoo. "Bring food incompetent you put it this way, the basic fry!!!".

Samosir frightened and ran home. Arriving home she was crying - tears as he recounted the incident happened which. His mother was sad and angry at the father, because it has leverage - leverage his past. Nauli Samosir asked to go to the mainland the highest of the daaerah. He advised on Samosir, "There will be a big storm son, immediately run away and take care of yourself - good". "But

Mom, I want to be with the mother" said Naidoo. "Do not you worry about the mother, the mother is good - fine" answered the mother. Finally Naidoo was willing to meet the request of the mother, he ran with the hardness towards the mainland. Soon when Samosir to the top of the hill, there was a big storm and melt all the lands around. Heavy rain fell endlessly - constantly, making a huge lake, while Nauli back into the fish in the lake. The lake we are familiar with Lake

Toba, while plains occupied named Samosir island.

That's a little story about the origin - the origin of Lake Toba. In addition to the story, there is something mystical, which is still firmly held by communities

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA around Lake Toba Batak. They believe, if the lake is inhabited by "Namboru" which means the seven goddess is believed to be the ancestors of the Batak tribe.

Usually before the ceremony, local people should be asked for permission beforehand in Namboru.

It is estimated that Lake Toba was formed when the explosion around

73000-75000 years ago and is the eruption (super volcano) the most recent. Bill

Rose and Craig Chesner from Michigan Technological University estimate that the total amount of material at approximately 2,800 km3 eruption-about 2,000 km3 of ignimbrite that flowed over the ground, and about 800 km3 which fell as ash, especially to the west. Pyroclastic flows from the eruption destroyed an area of 20,000 km2, with ash deposits as thick as 600 m to the main crater. This incident caused mass death and extinction of some species of living things.

According to some DNA evidence, this eruption also reduced the number of people to about 60% of the total human population of the earth at that time, which are about 60 million people. The eruption also caused the ice age, although experts still argue about it. After the eruption, the caldera formed which is then filled with water and became what is now known as Lake Toba. Pressure up by magma that has not come out cause the appearance of the island.

Lake Toba is no endless exhausted to be discussed, understood only as

Lake Toba is the largest lake in Indonesia and even in Southeast Asia. Lake Toba is located in North Sumatra Province, Each year Attractions Lake Toba is a target of domestic and foreign tourists,

1)SamosirIsland

Samosir Island is one district that is quite unique with its geographical location, where the island is one of the biggest islands in Indonesia. Samosir

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA regency is a regency newborn because this district is a division of Toba Samosir regency. Attractions on offer here is quite a lot from nature is quite charming and traditional travel - makes custom thick Samosir Island is one of the attractions that enough in the count in the province of North Sumatra

2) Parapat

Parapat is the place that is quite beautiful scenery, because here we will be presented with sufficient natural views, because along the way to Parapat and can rest near of the road to see the sights of Lake Toba is quite spacious, there also be can relax and unwind with a drink of coffee and other snacks. In addition, before arriving in the city of Parapat you will see many monkeys that roam in search of food, so tips for those of you who want to get there you should bring snacks like nuts and cake will be you will give for monkeys as long as road. Parapat itself is in Girsang sipangan Bolon Simalungun.

3)Bakara

Bakara itself is the name of the area in the district Humbang Hasundutan districts baktiraja, in this place has tour the universe and see the beautiful scenery of Lake Toba, for those can to fishing. Fishing there while enjoying the beautiful scenery, if to fish mujahir and goldfish kilo you can take home from this place.

4). Beach Lumban Silintong Balige

This beach is located in District Balige Toba Samosir regency in North

Sumatra Province,. Lake Toba in Lumban Silintong is interesting to could walk along the beach, can swim with the family and enjoy the beautiful scenery and offer culinary tours are quite wagged his tongue like a typical food grilled fish, especially carp and tilapia fish directly from the lake Toba and other .

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA 5) .Island Sibandang

Lake Toba Mandatory visit is Sibandang Island is located in the subdistrict of Muara North Tapanuli. The island is an island surrounded by Lake

Toba. To access this area can access the ship because to get to this area provided a boat to take to get to the island Sibandang, on this island inhabited by around

1000 and head of the family. Here a lot of mango fruit in season if you're lucky you can eat mango price is quite cheap and it tastes sweet and could eat as much

6). Tongging

Tongging village is a village located in the district Brand Karo, North

Sumatra. Tongging an attractive tourist spot because it offers a view of Lake Toba fairly exotic of heights, and can capture photos along.

7). Pusuk Buhit

Customs lumpy story still we get in Pusuk Buhit, where Pusuk Buhit a hilly area that is in Samosir Island, according to the history of the people there that it was here that the origin of the Batak called Mula Jadinabolon. In this place we will be presented with a view that is quite beautiful, so that will feel amazed to see the natural scenery on offer, to get there are available buses are available at the foot of the hill that leads pusuk Buhit, but even then public transport does not reach the top of the hill, still in need ranges from 500 meters to go to the summit.

So it is recommended if you are on the island of Samosir must run to the place on this one.

8).Sipinsur

Sipinsur where tourism is naturally quite beautiful in Humbang

Hasundutan, where Tourism Sipincur heavily frequented by local tourists, actually places quite interesting, but it is unfortunate because these tourist sites are not

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA well maintained, because of the lack of facilities such as places to eat and drink , but in terms of road conditions are good. To reach this location you only need 60 minutes from the airport Silangit north Tapanuli district. Location Sipinsur themselves become tourist sites stopover only, as described in the foregoing, namely the lack of facilities available to eat and drink there, hopefully the local government provide better attention again to manage sites in question

9)Ambarita

Places Lake Toba we discuss here next Ambarita interesting enough because it offers custom travel is still thick, where the existing building is a silent witness how ancient this settlement is located. Because the first public Hobo still managed to feed on humans, really creepy indeed, but thanks to the arrival of the missionaries made the Batak community has begun to recognize the Christian religion that takes human culture gradually.

10).Simanindo

Simanindo is one village in District Samosir, which is located on the island of Samosir, in the village of Huta Bolon you can meilihat home Hobo addition you can also see objects - relics of the predecessor of the hobo, here will also be presented with the typical dance Batak people are dancing tortor. Samosir travel Simanindo

11) Pangururan

Pangururan is one of the districts in the island of Samosir regency of North

Sumatra province. In panguran can enjoy treats views of Lake Toba, for hobby swim with family place here, here you do not need to fear the inn and the availability of food there, because in this city provided hotel and the food was varied for to try at this place, beside that here also will enjoy the natural hot spring

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA that is very famous, because in samosir rather cold weather, so it is highly recommended for those who visit samosir have a hot bath in Pangururan.

12)Tomok

Attractions Lake Toba Mandatory visit is Tomok, Here

can see the doll sigale - gale which is very well known, namely doll can dance - dance but with the help of in motion by someone in back, dolls made of wood and was given clothing Batak , where the previous story is a doll that was made because of the longing parents to their children never return. I had never discussed here. In addition, will get to see the museum of King Sidabutar, here can see a very old tombs made of stone and sculpted in such a way,

13)Tuk tuk

This place is a location that first of all we meet if we are crossing from

Parapat to the island of Samosir, here can enjoy the view lake Toba is quite stunning in addition there will be offered with customs thick, in tuktuk also can buy a souvenir are quite ranging from dingding decoration, carving, ulos up tools

- Batak traditional musical instruments such as taganing, Hasapi and flute hobo,

14) Aek Sipitu Dai

Aek Sipitu Dai is in District Sianjur early - early and to get to here you should pass Pangururan only because of its location quite close from there, here you will see the 7 (seven) pancoran water from the same water source with different flavors - different , quite unique indeed.

15.Lake Sidihoni

Sidihoni lake is a lake on the lake which is quite spectacular because the lake is also located in the district of Pangururan. The lake is often provides its

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA own story because of its color often change - change according to the events.

16) Lake Aek Natorang

Lake Aek Natorang is one of the lakes in the area Simanindo District, this lake is a lake on the lake, where it stimulates less managed properly, because access roads are still not good for driving, whereas in this lake lies the exotic scenery fantastic enough to visit on Scenic Lake Toba.

17.Kampung Siallagan

Siallagan village is a village that stands firmly on the time of the kingdom of King

Laga Siallagan, this village is a place that is quite interesting because in this place stands Batak custom home building and fence surround rocks and bamboo which used to be a deterrent from wild animal attacks. In this place there is a stone called parsdangan this place is the place to prosecute someone who does

18).Village Suhi Suhi

In this area has the building - house building traditions are quite interesting, reliefs buildings such typical gorga or engraving - engraving on dingding house makes appeal pleasure for art lovers. Lake Toba is very interesting, in this village livelihoods most at deligent women are making Ulos quite interesting, because Ulos that created a ulos in knitting with traditional tools to produce knitted fabrics are fairly neat and well, many motives and styles on offer for you to buy here, so the price may be surprised to hear up to 10 million rupiah, but you're not afraid to shop there because the fabric ulos there is also a price that is hundreds of thousands of rupiah, but depending on the material and the complexity ulos that created the craftsmen

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA 2.4 Cage

Cage is a basket or a box of bamboo to cultivate fish. Another definition of the cage is a container, fish cultivation in the form of a cage made of bamboo or wooden planks are placed in water bodies.

Floating net cages is a means of maintaining fish using nets as the main part. By using floating nets, fish maintenance can be done at sea or fresh water media such as a lake or reservoir, which has a depth of more than a river. The simple reason farmers prefer floating cages that water circulation is maintained because it directly from the ocean, lakes, or reservoirs as maintenance media.

Cleaning the nets is not too difficult, until the affairs of the fish harvest very practical .In contrast to the conventional way or in the pond clay, farmers must continue to maintain the oxygen content in order to remain available in the water.

Additionally, the clay is quite susceptible to a wide variety of diseases. Fish harvesting was done manually, herding fish with bamboo instruments carried at least two people so it is more difficult than to harvest the fish in cage. Floating cages that exist today mostly in the form of nets attached to a float made of drum or barrel mark. Fish farmers sow the seeds of fish at the beginning of the maintenance period until harvest time arrives. Component floating net itself consists of a frame, floats, net bags, ancillary buildings, ballast nets and anchors.

Framework is the foundation, the installation of a net bag and means of supporting the cultivation. Framework can be made of bamboo, wood beams, iron.

Mesh bag is an essential component in a series of KJA (keramba jarring apung).

Mesh sizes are used according to the size of the farmed fish. The type of material used for the manufacture of net bags, the hapa and waring, each has a different eye sizes. Hapa is woven plastic monofilament string small without knot with

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA eyes the size of cm. While larger waring threads with eyes the size of 5 cm. Hapa and waring bags made by stitching and both used for the nursery. In fact, hapa can also be used for seeding. In addition to frame and net bag, there is a buoy.

Buoys used in KJA mostly plastic drums. The buoy serves as a framework laying and pontoon crossings. The things to be concerned to support the facilities such as a guar house, a warehouse, and pontoon crossings.

Ballast nets intended to stretch the net to vertical and horizontal directions.

Ballast nets usually have a weight approximately 5 kg and hung on the outside of the net, in every corner and center with a distance of about 1.5 meters.

The anchor is equipped with a weight of about 2 x 50 kg is installed as the need to keep the net in the water. Anchors and ballast connected by a plastic rope around 2 cm in diameter with a length ranging from 1.5 meters water depth.

Anchors somewhat skewed on every corner type cages. In principle, all materials for KJA are almost the same. However, the shape and size are different because tailored to the needs. There are several types or types of floating cages that are currently used by farmers, in example, circular floating cages, boxes, and octagonal around cage. As the name suggests, these cages are round with a diameter of 10 to 50 meters, depending on needs. This type of cages used cultivators at sea. However, there are some farmers who use it in a lake because it has sufficient depth and a large area. Cages measuring 20 meters up designed specifically for large-scale cultivation. Types of fish that may be kept in cages are the size of this like white snapper or barramundi, grouper, and various types of tuna. There is also a round floating net cage with diameters ranging from 8-15 meters, which are designed for the cultivation of small and medium industries.

Type cage of this size can also be used for the cultivation of marine fish such as

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA barramundi and pomfret star. It is also used for the cultivation of freshwater fish such as carp (carp) and tilapia (nile tilapia)

2.5 Tourism

Tourism or is a journey made for recreation or vacation and also the preparations made for this activity. A traveler or tourist is someone who travels at least 80 km (50 miles) from his home with recreational purposes, the definition by the World Tourism Organization (WTO).

A more complete definition, tourism is a service industry. They handle services ranging from transportation, hospitality services, shelter, food, drinks and other relevant services such as banking, insurance, security etc. And also offers a rest, culture, an escape, adventure, new experiences and other different.

Many countries depend a lot on the tourism industry as a source of tax and revenue for companies that sell services to tourists. Therefore, the development of the tourism industry is one of the strategies used by non-governmental organizations to promote a particular area as a tourist area to increase trade through the sale of goods and services to non-local.

Here are a few types of Tourism

1. Foreign travelers (Foreign Tourist) is a stranger who travel, who came to enter a different country than the country in which he usually lived.

2. Domestic Foreign Tourist is a stranger who remain or reside in a country, who travel in the country in which he lived

3. Travelers Affairs / Domestic Tourist is a person of citizens of a country who travel within the borders of their own country without passing through its borders.

4. Indigenous Foreign Tourist is a citizen of a particular country, whose duties or position abroad, return to their home country, and to travel in its own territory.

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA 5. Transit Tourist is Travelers who is to travel to a particular country, which is being boarded aircraft, ships, and others were forced to stop at the port / airport is not of his own volition.

6. Business Tourist is a person who is traveling (whether foreigners or citizens themselves) who travel to a tourist destination, but the journey will be done after the tour finished its primary purpose (post tour).

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA 3. DATA ANALYSIS

3.1 Tourism and Lake Toba

Lake Toba is an amazing natural wonders on the island of Sumatra. It is hard to imagine a more beautiful place to visit in Sumatera Utara except this lake. The atmosphere is cool refreshing; clear water expanse of blue, green mountains and stunning scenery is a small part of a giant image of the lake is 900 meters above sea level.

Lake Toba is a lake cratered area of 1,145 square kilometers. In the middle dwells an island with an area that is almost proportional to the area of Singapore.

Lake Toba is actually more like a sea than a lake considering its size. Therefore, the Lake Toba placed as the largest lake in Southeast Asia and the second largest in the world after Lake Victoria in Africa. Lake Toba also includes the deepest lake in the world is approximately 450 meters. Lake Toba is expected to experts formed after a volcanic eruption super approximately 73000-75000 years ago. At that time 2,800 cubic km of volcanic materials spewed out of Mount Toba erupted to the volcanic dust in the wind to spread to half the Earth. The explosion occurred during 1 week that throws the dust up to 10 kilometers above sea level.

Super volcano eruption (Mount Toba) is estimated to have caused mass death and extinction of several species of living creatures. The eruption of

Mount Toba has led to changes in the earth's weather and the onset entered into an ice age that affects the world civilization.

In Parapat which is a peninsula that protrudes into the lake you can enjoy a spectacular view of Lake Toba. Parapat inhabited Batak Toba Batak society and are known to have properties Simalungan cheerful and sociable, well-known also pleased to sing songs but the theme of love that carefree feeling.

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA With a height of almost one kilometer above sea level and surrounded by rows of volcanoes are part of the Bukit Barisan Mountains make Lake Toba so cool and beautiful. Lots of palm trees and pine thrives around Lake Toba add to the beauty of this lake.

On the north side of Lake Toba still be found a variety of interesting fauna such as monkeys, orangutans, and several types of monkeys. Meanwhile, in the southern part of Lake Toba there are different types of fauna such as linger monkeys, tapirs, and inker. Surely it is also unique because the lake as if it serves as a dividing line ecology fauna in the north and south of Lake Toba.

As far as the eye could see, the visible beauty of the lake surrounded by a row of mountains that they are so beautiful and amazing. Sometimes thick fog enveloped the lake cool and cold. If there is no fog, the curve of Lake Toba is so beautiful to be admired. Lake Toba is like a sea in the middle of the land which is really cool.

You can observe the beautiful curve of Lake Toba through Tele Tower. Especially when seen in the morning, the scenery is so beautiful remember this tower is located on the hillside. You can find the Tower Tele between Pangururan and

Sidikalang.

If you want to stay without crossing to the island of Samosir, you can choose a variety of lodging in the area Parapat. Parapat there are several hotels and resorts with a direct view of Lake Toba. In the middle of Lake Toba there is an island that is no less beautiful and amazing that Naidoo. There we can visit some villages and enjoy nature and cultural tourism. Lake Toba and Samosir

Island is the heart and the hometown of the Batak.

To visit Samosir Island, Parapat can through the port that is Port Ajibata.

There are several ferries available to take the locals as well as tourists to the Port

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA Tomok in Samosir Island. Even there is also some ferries transporting vehicles such as cars and motorcycles towards Naidoo. It takes 30 minutes to get to

Samosir if we take ferry.

When it reaches Port Tomok in Samosir Island, there are many traders unique souvenirs and typical of Lake Toba Batak land in the area around Port

Tomok, Samosir. You can buy T-shirts, crafts and also Ulos at this location if you want to buy souvenirs to take home. We recommend buying souvenirs here because a lot of options that you can buy to take home.

Friendly locals are always ready to welcome you. Additionally, you will get to know different cultures and indigenous people on the island of Samosir

Batak. You can find some traditional Batak house on the island. There you can learn about the history and various cultures attract Batak Batak Toba Batak particular. In fact you can go dancing with the locals when there are performances

Sigale-gale.

In addition to cultural tourism, we will also enjoy the natural beauty of the island. We can discover the beauty of the terraced rice fields like those in Bali.

Also there are several waterfalls are so beautiful to visit such as Niagara Falls and

Niagara Simangande Pangaribuan (located in the district Palipi) which is the largest waterfall on the island. What is interesting in locations around Niagara

Pangaribuan in Palipi, believed to be the revelation of the King of Batak.

Besides the waterfall, Samosir Island also has two lakes namely Lake and Lake

Aek Natonang Sidihoni. That's why the two lakes is often given the nickname

"Lake above the lake" because of its uniqueness is a lake in the middle of the island of Samosir, while the island is located in the middle of Lake Toba.

No need to fear if one day is not enough to enjoy the beauty of Lake Toba and

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA Samosir Island. You can find many inns along the Tuktuk and Ambarita which is not far from the Port Tomok. Here we could stay while enjoying the natural beauty of Lake Toba and Samosir Island. Lake Toba Samosir Island indeed makes travel experience truly wonderful. The lake is so beautiful from any side. It is eager to linger in the Lake Toba because of the beauty of the spectacular, powerful and amazing.

Here are seven interesting facts you need to know about Lake Toba.

1) Its length is 87 kilometers and a width of 27 kilometers.

2) Recognized as a lake or a volcanic crater lake in the world.

3) Is the largest lake in Indonesia and Southeast Asia.

4) The amount of water in Lake Toba enough to inundate the entire British

Empire to the height of about one meter.

5) Samosir Island in the middle of Lake Toba has an area of 647 square kilometers which is almost equal to the Republic of Singapore.

6) Lake on the lake, which is located on the island of Samosir, because it has two lakes in the middle of the island in the middle of Lake Toba.

7) Formed by one of the most powerful eruption of Mount Toba, the volcano

Supervulcano throughout history since the earth was formed and the largest in the last two million years. The eruption of Mount Toba is about 74,000 years ago made the earth to cool because of volcanic ash covering the surface of the earth sothat the earth's temperature reduced to 10 degrees Celsius and volcanic dust reached Greenland in the Arctic and Antarctic in the South Pole.

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA Tourists expecting to enjoy the beauty of Lake Toba over the long weekend may be disappointed as the lake has been contaminated by thousands tons of dead fish in the Haranggaol waters, Simalungun, Sumatera Utara.In response, 1,000 people of Haranggaol sub-district joined together to remove the carcasses of goldfish and tilapia (ikan nila) from the lake.

Hasudungan Sinaga, a cage-culture fish farmer, said the locals were willing to clean Lake Toba because they wanted to prevent the dead animals from polluting the water, which could affect tourism and make the water unsafe for use by residents.“Up to 820 tons of dead fish have been lifted from the fish cages in

Lake Toba in the past two days. And today, 1,000 tons of dead fish will be lifted out,” “We have been managing fish cages in Lake Toba for decades and this is for the first time we have seen the mass death of fish,” he said.

“All of the fish from two zones are reportedly dead, from a total of six zones of fish cages in Haranggaol. So, there are only four zones left and I haven’t got any news about that,” he said. Hasudungan said the farmers had suffered billions of rupiah in losses because of the mass dead of fish. He also said local government research into the incident had concluded that the cause of the mass death was lack of oxygen.

The lake water is heavily polluted. There is a lot of sediment from residual feed and tons of dead fish found every year. If left unchecked, fish will not be able to live inside the cages. According to the fisheries agency’s records, there are

16,964 fish cage swaths containing 4,000 minnows in the lake area of 99.5 kilometers. A total of 10,765 swaths are made of iron and 6,199 are made of bamboo.

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA He said to regulate all fish cages must be made of fiber and not iron, which can rust, or bamboo, which can decay. Currently, there are 5,520 fish cages owned by 146 locals. Each of them owns up to 250 cages. The local government plans to limit cage ownership to maximum 20 fish cages per owner.

3.3 The Results of Research

(1) The Picture of Lake Toba (2016)

The picture below is Lake Toba. Author was taken a picture from the hill's edge Samosir Island. The water of lake had looked brown and colorless.

Picture 1: Lake Toba 2016

(2) The Picture of Water (2016)

The picture below is water in Lake Toba. Author was taken from the edge of the lake, which was known as beach sand. The author is clearly photographing the water very murky brown. Then it makes visitors be disappointed to visit Lake

Toba and keep herself out of the water of the lake.

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Picture 2: The water in Lake Toba

(3) The Picture of Cage (2016)

This is an example picture of cages owned by local people in the area of

Haranggaol. The cage is one of type octagonal cages. Cage fish storage and psyche culture. This is one of the cages of water pollution of Lake Toba is very attached to the water of the lake.

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Picture 3: Cage in Haranggaol

(4) The Picture of Author with Local Resident

The picture below is the picture of the author with the local resident named

Maruli Sinaga. Maruli is one of ticket dividers at the entrance gate in Parapat.

Maruli very knows how many local and non-local visitors who visit Lake Toba every day. Here, the author has received information about the cycles of visitors to

Lake Toba. Maruli said state visitors are now compared with five years ago was very different and Maruli also recognizes the one very disturbing pollution of the lake water is cage. By their cages, water hyacinth plants scattered everywhere.

Hyacinth can grow due to dirty water. Lake water also cannot be used again to take a shower because it is dirty which usually resident shower on the outskirts of the lake but now residents have been using piped water to be a shower

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA with fresh water then the citizens can no longer enjoy it and feel the freshness of the water of Lake Toba.

Picture 4: Author with Local Resident

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA (5) The Picture of Author with Local Visitor

The picture below is about the author with the local visitor. One of visitors came from Binjai. The visitor named Silvia. Silvia also found her awake that no water preservation of Lake Toba. With a big heart Silvia said and felt the disappointment over her presence at Lake Toba by a view of the water was very dirty and brown. Lake charisma usually known blue is no longer visible on the lake.

Her previous plan, she wanted to feel the coolness and freshness of the lake water when she was taking a bath and swimming in Lake Toba. However,

Silvia did not touch the water in the lake for a swim that Silvia is fear when the whole body became itchy and exposed to the bacteria by water. Therefore, Silvia can just sit and look at the dirty water and full of water hyacinth plants active and garbage hyacinth.

Picture 5: Author with Local Visitor

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA (6) The Picture of Author with Foreigner

The picture below is a picture of the author with a visitor from abroad. She is from the United Kingdom. She named Ochila Elysil. The author also had little information about the state of the lake water. Elysil previously never visited Lake

Toba. By the condition of Lake Toba current, Eliysil was very disappointed and she felt sad. Elysil said that when she began the journey of Parapat and she across the lake to the island of Samosir that she was very concerned about the lake water was very dirty and at the periphery of the lake there is garbage and decaying water hyacinth, at seven years ago she was still able to enjoy the freshness of the lake with a view cool when viewed bluish water, but now she is very sad because it can no longer feel it all, when she got in a Tuk-Tuk which was the place of me before, she just can be jogging to enjoy the sunny and is no longer possible to swim, because she was afraid of skin irritation and she cannot enjoy the next vacation.

The beauty of Lake Toba has faded. She thinks that nature is less guarded so that the irregular nature conservation". One of visitor disappointments was the dirty water so that visitor is not interested to visit again.

Picture 6: Author with Foreigner

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA 4. CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONS

4.1 Conclusion

Lake Toba is one of the attractions that exist in norther Sumatra that surround the largest island on the world there is the island of Samosir. Lake

Toba is usually visited by slimming in the country and in the country because the lake is famous not only in Indonesia but also well-known abroad. In accordance with the information supplied by tourism officer on duty at the entrance of Lake

Toba that in addition to many foreign countries planted also contributed to the local government. But in recent decades is very unfortunate with the construction of cages around Lake Toba owned by important people rich country. This resulted in the pollution of Lake Toba. So visitors only around 10 %

4.2 Suggestion

As for some of the suggestions that have been considered by the author is as follows

1) The existence of regular schedule carried out by local residents in cleaning the cages of Lake Toba.

2) Government authorities should prevent the cages so as not to damage it again..

3) Forming an organization that would like to volunteer to take the time to preserve the cages of Lake Toba.

4) An awareness of the self against the local government.

5) Establish strict regulations for visitors to be able to work together in maintaining the cleanliness of cages Lake Toba.

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA REFERENCES

Crystal, David. 1997. The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Lake. Cambridge, England: Cambridge Univesity Press Mahsun. 2005. Metode Penelitian Bahasa. Jakarta: Raja Grafindo Persada. Martin, J. R. 1992. English Text: System and Structure. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. Moleong, Lexcy J. 1993. Metodologi Penelitian. Bandung: Remaja Rosdakarya. Samsuri. 1982. Analisa Bahasa. Jakarta: Erlangga. Sembiring, C. A., Matius.2015. Buku Metode Penelitian Fakultas Ilmu Budaya USU. Medan. Sembiring, C. A., Matius.2015. Buku Panduan Program D3 Bahasa Inggris Fakultas Ilmu Budaya USU. Medan. Sudaryanto. 1993. Metode dan Aneka Teknik Analisa pengunjung. Yogyakarta: Duta Wacana University Press. Surachmad, Winarno. 1982. Pengantar Penelitian Ilmiah. Bandung: Tarsito Suryabrata, Sumadi. 2002. Metodologi Penelitian. Jakarta: Raja Grafindo Persada. Suryabrata. 1984. Metode Penelitian. Jakarta: Angkasa.

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA Danau toba adalah salah satu objek wisata yang ada di sumatera utara yang mengelilingi pulau terbesar d dunia di atas pulau tersebut terdapat pulau samosir.

Danau toba ini biasanya di kunjungi oleh pelangsung dalam negeri dan dalam negeri karena danau ini tidak terkenal hanya di indonesia tetapi juga terkenal di luar negeri. Sesuai dengan informasi yang diberikan oleh petugas kepariwisataaan yang bertugas di pintu masuk danau toba bahwa disamping negara menanam devisa banyak juga kontribusi terhadap pemerintah daerah. Tetapi belakangan ini sangat disayangkan dengan pembangunan keramba di sekeliling danau toba yang dimiliki oleh orang penting negara yang kaya. Yang mengakibatkan polusi di danau toba. Sehingga pengunjung hanya berkisar 10% dari 5 tahun yang lalu.

Hendaknya pemerintah yang berwenang melarang keramba agar tidak merusak lagi.

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