Taekwondo Teacher Training Program

Home , Blocking (martial arts), Covering (martial arts), Flying kick, Front kick, Front stance, Horse stance

Table of Contents Introduction ...... 7 STUDENT CREED ...... 10 Educational Section for each belt...... 11 1) Tenets of Taekwondo ...... 11 2) Taekwondo Principles and Philosophy ...... 11 3) Taekwondo Etiquette ...... 12 4) Bowing ...... 12 5) How to tie a belt ...... 13 ...... 14 6) Meaning of Taekwondo? ...... 14 7) Meaning of Korean Flag ...... 14 8) Taekwondo History ...... 15 9) Poomse ...... 15 Taekwondo ...... 16 Sparring ...... 16 Taekwondo sparring techniques you can do ...... 16 Taekwondo sparring rules - scoring points ...... 17 Taekwondo sparring rules - what you can’t do ...... 17 MODULE 1 Warm-Up/Stretching ...... 18 MODULE 2 Stances “Soghi” ...... 30 MODULE 3 Basic Hand and Foot Strike ...... 35 Basic Hand Strikes ...... 35 Basic Kicks /Foot Strikes ...... 44 MODULE 4 Basic Blocks ...... 52

Low Block “AhraeMakgi” ...... 52 1 Middle Section Block “MomtongMakgi” ...... 52 High (Rising) Block “UlgoolMakgi” ...... 52

Palm Block “BatangsonMakgi” ...... 52 Knife Hand Block “SonnalMakgi” ...... 52 Double Hand Blocks ...... 53 Double Forearm Block “GeodeuluhMomtongMakgi” ...... 53 Double Knife Hand Block “SonnalMomtongMakgi” ...... 53 MODULE 5 30 Basic Moving Blocks/Movements ...... 54 MODULE 6 White Belt ...... 75 Meaning of Belt ...... 75 General Knowledge ...... 75 Student creed ...... 75 Basic Hand & Foot with Combination techniques ...... 76 Form Taeguek 1 Jang ...... 76 MODULE 7 Yellow Belt ...... 80 Meaning of Belt ...... 80 General Knowledge ...... 80 Basic Hand & Foot with Combination techniques ...... 80 Form Taegeuk 2 Jang ...... 80 MODULE 8 Orange Belt ...... 86 Meaning of Belt ...... 86 General Knowledge ...... 86 Meaning of Korean Flag ...... 86 Basic Hand & Foot with Combination techniques ...... 86 Form Taegeuk 3 Jang ...... 86 MODULE 9 Green Belt ...... 92 Meaning of Belt ...... 92 General Knowledge ...... 92 2 Basic Hand & Foot with Combination techniques ...... 92 Form Taegeuk 4 Jang ...... 92

MODULE 10 Blue Belt ...... 98 Meaning of Belt ...... 98 General Knowledge ...... 98 Basic Hand & Foot with Combination techniques ...... 98 Form Taegeuk 5 Jang ...... 98 MODULE 11 Brown Belt ...... 104 Meaning of Belt ...... 104 General Knowledge ...... 104 Basic Hand & Foot with Combination techniques ...... 104 Form Taegeuk 6 Jang ...... 104 MODULE 12 Red Belt ...... 110 Meaning of Belt ...... 110 General Knowledge ...... 110 Basic Hand & Foot with Combination techniques ...... 110 Form Taegeuk 7 Jang ...... 110 MODULE 13 Rec. - Black Belt 1st Dan ...... 116 Meaning of Belt ...... 116 General Knowledge ...... 116 Basic Hand & Foot with Combination techniques ...... 116 Form Taegeuk 8 Jang ...... 116 MODULE 14 Target Training ...... 122 Paddle Training ...... 122 Shadow Training ...... 123 Heavy Bag Training ...... 124 Partner Training ...... 124 MODULE 15 Taekwondo Sparring ...... 127 3 Basic Attacks ...... 127 Basic Counter Attacks ...... 127

Attacking Combinations Kicks ...... 127 MODULE 16 SelfDefense ...... 128 Level 1 ...... 128 Level 2 ...... 128 Level 3 ...... 128 Level 4 ...... 128 Demonstration Techniques ...... 128 MODULE 17 2nd Dan- Koryo ...... 130 Meaning of Belt ...... 130 General Knowledge ...... 130 Basic Hand & Foot with combination techniques ...... 130 Forms ...... 146 Blocks ...... 146 Self-defense (see Self-Defense) ...... 146 MODULE 18 Advanced Kicks and Advanced Movements ...... 147 Back kick / Horse kick“dwichagi” ...... 147 Hook Kick “huryeochagi” ...... 147 Crescent Kick “bandalchagi” ...... 147 Spin Kicks “bandaedollyeochagi” ...... 147 Tornado kick/360 kicks “HwioriChagi” ...... 147 Jump Kicks “ttwiochagi” ...... 147 MODULE 19 Classroom Management...... 148 How to teach a student one on one- 1st Intro Class/private ...... 148 How to teach a class with up to 10 students ...... 148 How to teach a class with 10 or more students with an assistant ...... 148 How to plan a class properly (via a Note Card) ...... 148 4 How to correct a student in class ...... 148 How to properly start/dismiss class ...... 148

MODULE 20 Student Development ...... 149 Dealing with Student Issues ...... 149 How to Move Students Forward ...... 149 Follow Up Calls/Meetings ...... 149 Missing Student Phone Calls ...... 149 Parent Meetings ...... 149 MODULE 21 Marketing ...... 150 Logo Design ...... 150 Business Cards ...... 150 Getting the Work Out ...... 150 Volunteer Teaching ...... 150 Advertising ...... 150 Referral Sign Ups ...... 150 Bring a Buddy to Class Week ...... 150 MODULE 22 Business Setup ...... 151 School Owner or Recreational Club ...... 151 Creating a Class Schedule ...... 151 Hiring a Program Director / Being a Program Director ...... 151 MODULE 23 ...... 152 Graduation...... 152 APPENDIX ...... 153 I. Terminology ...... 153 Basic Body Parts ...... 153 Tenets of TaeKwonDo ...... 154 Directions ...... 155 Rank ...... 155 5 Body Movements ...... 154 Hand Positions ...... 156

Blocks ...... 157 Hand Attacks ...... 156 Kicks ...... 158 Stances ...... 158 Sparring ...... 159 Commands ...... 159 Common Phrases ...... 161 Titles ...... 161 Miscellaneous ...... 162 II. Black Belth Oath ...... 163

Introduction

Dear Taekwondo Student, Parent, Teacher, Instructor, Master

We are so excited about sharing this Taekwondo Information. This information was compiled by the help many taekwondo black belts. The information in this textbook is designed as a student reference. We would like to thank all the people that helped in making this project possible. We look forward to continued improvement in this program and continued improvement in our student progress.

This course is geared to introduce fundamental information about Taekwondo and give students an overview about the foundation, history and basic information about the martial arts. The course includes topics on warm – up, stretching exercises, stances, basic Taekwondo formations and movements. We have included 8 colored belt forms and 2 black belt forms.

This book is designed for students of all fitness levels and goals. Whether you may want to learn the art of taekwondo, become a black belt or simply continue enhancing your taekwondo training. This book was designed so everyone feels welcomed to start this new journey with us.

At the end of this program, students will be able to perform all the basic formation and skills in the start of martial arts. Students are learning and adapting to the art of Taekwondo. Students will be able to perform basic taekwondo skills, movements and forms.

At the end of the program, student will be able to : (1) integrate all the basic formation and skills in starting the martial arts, (2) appreciate Taekwondo as martial arts, (3) display skills in performing basic taekwondo movements and (4) perform well the basic formation and movements

Taekwondo Leadership Training Programs

Level 1 Beginner Leadership Training (White Belt -Yellow Belt)

Level 2 Intermediate Leadership Training (Orange Belt -Blue Belt)

Level 3 Advanced Leadership Training (Brown Belt - Recommended Black Belt)

Level 4 Black Belt Leadership Training (1st Dan Black Belt and 2nd Dan Black Belt)

Level 5 Teacher Training (Certified Taekwondo Instructor)

7 Please also go to www.kickitonline.com for the Concordia Training Courses. There are also additional videos at www.kickitbc.com

BELT RANKS

White Belt "Pure and without the knowledge of Kick It Taekwondo. As with the Pine Tree, the seed must now be planted and nourished to develop strong roots."The student has no knowledge of Taekwondo and begins with a clean (pure) slate. Purity is often signified by the color white. Yellow Belt " The seed is beginning to see the sunlight." The student begins to understand the basics of Taekwondo. The sun appears to be yellow. Orange Belt "The sun is beginning to rise. As with the morning's dawn, only the beauty of the sunrise is seen rather than the immense power." The beginner student sees the beauty of the art of Taekwondo but has not yet experienced the power of the technique. Orange is found among the many colors of the sunrise.

Green Belt "The pine tree is beginning to develop and grow in strength." The student's technique is developing power. The components of the basic techniques are beginning to work in unison. As the pine tree develops, it sprouts green pine needles

Blue Belt "The tree reaches for the sky toward new heights." Having passing the mid-way point, the student focuses his/her energy upward toward black belt. The sky appears as blue.

BELT RANKS Purple Belt (Jr. Brown) "Coming to the mountain.The tree is in the-growth phase and now the path becomes steep." The student has crossed over into a higher level of Taekwondo. The techniques, poom-sae (forms), and level of gyeo-roo-gi (sparring) becomes more difficult, creating a "mountain" that must be overcome.Mountains are often depicted as being purple. Brown Belt "The tree is firmly rooted in the earth." At this point the student has mastered the basics and developed deep roots in Taekwondo. Brown is known as an earthy color, such as dirt.

Red Belt "The sun is setting. The first phase of growth has been accomplished." The first day (the period of time from white belt to red belt) of growth is coming to an end. The physical skill has been developed but lacks control; therefore, physical and mental discipline must now be achieved. Variations of red are found among the many colors of the sunset. Red/Black Belt "The dawn of a new day. The sun breaks through the darkness." The previous day has ended, giving way to a new dawn. The student must begin a new phase of training; that of being a black belt. The red is the sun (in a sunrise) as it breaks through the black of night. Black Belt "The tree has reached maturity and has overcome the darkness... it must now 'plant seeds for the future.'" The color black is created when all the colors of the light spectrum have been absorbed into an object. That object has "taken control" of the colors and retained them. If one color was to "escape", the object would no longer be black but would appear as that color. The student has mastered the nine geup (grades) of Taekwondo. 9 He/she has "absorbed" all the knowledge of the color ranks and overcome or "mastered" that level or training.The colors of the spectrum are bound together and are not reflected off an object, resulting in the absence of color which we call black.

STUDENT CREED

I intend to develop myself in a positive manner and avoid anything that can reduce my mental 1 growth and physical health

I intend to develop self-discipline in order to 2 bring out the best in myself and other

I intend to use what I learn in class constructively and defensively, to help myself 3 and my fellow human being, and never be abusive or offensive

I intend to practice daily 4

Educational Section for each belt

1) Tenets of Taekwondo 1. Courtesy -to promote the spirit of mutual concessions -to respect one another -to encourage the sense of justice

2. Integrity -In the Taekwondo world, integrity means being able to differ what’s right and wrong.

3. Perseverance -Perseverance means having patience. A student must have patience in order to achieve his/her goals 4. Self Control -This tenant is extremely important inside and outside of the dojang. Without taekwondo a Taekwondo student is just a street fighter.

5. Indomitable Spirit -A Taekwondo student will at all times be modest and honest. Regardless of being confronted with injustice, he/she will deal with the consequences

2) Taekwondo Principles and Philosophy

The philosophy of taekwondo is to build a more peaceful world. This unique art is strived to develop the student’s personality, morals, positive attitude, and ethical traits. Taekwondo strives to develop the positive aspects of an individual: Respect, Integrity, Courtesy, Honest,

Loyalty, Courage, Patience, Perseverance, Self-control, and Indomitable Spirit. Is to build a person with strength but has no control will become a danger to himself/herself and the society.

Taekwondo is a sport that does not only teach techniques and kicks, but also the philosophy of it and therefore gives the student a better understanding and how to make the right decisions in life. This is resulted in how the student was taught, school environment. It requires strict discipline, commitment and how reflects this in our daily life. This will help develop to guide the student to become a warrior, bring peace and harmony to his/her surroundings and to view at the perspective of life in a positive and humble manner. 11

3) Taekwondo Etiquette A high degree of etiquette should be observed by students, both inside and outside the dojang. This goes for lower ranked students to senior ranked students. Respect is the currency of Taekwondo; it is exchanged for knowledge and loyalty. Etiquette is the main manifestation of respect. It is for the student’s education and learns manners. Taekwondo’s goal is to make people a better person, show respect to everyone of age regardless of their belt rank. Good etiquette encourages respect to follow. Some basic forms of etiquette in the dojang are:

- shaking hand (a taekwondo hand shake is always given in two hands. With the right hand extended, place the left hand palm down under the rights elbow. This is a gesture of showing respect and should be used outside the dojang as well.

-Speaking to seniors: ‘Sir’ or “Ma’am” should be used at all times when addressing a senior rank.

-Uniform etiquette is also very important and should be followed in every class. Taekwondo uniform should be kept neat and clean at all times. You must treat your uniform with a lot of respect. Your belt is something very special that you have worked hard for and should never touch the ground, as this in taekwondo is disrespectful.

4) Bowing Bowing is a demonstration of respect. It represents an acknowledgement that the techniques we practice can be lethal if abused and therefore must be used by self-control. Ye" (etiquette) is an essential spirit in Taekwondo-Do training. Taekwondo-Do practice must begin and end with etiquette. Ye are abbreviation of Kyongnye. Ye denote the way that all human beings must follow. It is the fundamental base on which human spirit stands. That is respect for humanity. Etiquette is an expression, through actions, of one's mind respecting the other party's personality, constituting a lofty and valuable basic attitude in a man. A code of etiquette is aimed at encouraging Taekwondo teaches to behave themselves like a person of etiquette, always trying hard to cultivate a righteous and decent character in them so that everyone throughout the world may follow their examples. Children especially need far more discipline and order. The child’s overflowing enthusiasm can be tempered only through reinforced moral education, which starts by the training of etiquette. Etiquette should be based on an upright mind and modest attitude. One should get rid of mean attitudes, showing only modest attitudes, which is an important part of etiquette. Decent and accurate speech, graceful conduct, upright and moderate attitudes are all the essentials of etiquette deserving a healthy modern life. Etiquette is also the source of maintaining harmony and solidarity for community life. 12 In many countries, bowing is the equivalent of shaking hands. By bowing you are showing respect for Taekwondo, the dojang, instructors, fellow class mates and yourself. A student should bow prior to entering the dojang; he/she must bow towards the flag when stepping in or off the

mat, and at the beginning and end of each class. You should bow to higher ranks, new students to introduce yourself and the sport of Taekwondo. Students must bow before starting a sparring match, both two the opponent, referees and judges.

Taekwondo students should stand in attention position, hands by the side, bowing to their opponent; bending at the hips 45 degrees.

1. Attention 2. Bow

5) How to tie a belt http://www.taekwondoanimals.com/how-to-tie-taekwondo-belt.asp 1. Place one end of your belt on the middle of your belly button. Hold on to this belt end. 2. Wrap the other belt end around your back and cross the belt over (on top of) the first belt end of your stomach. 3. Go around your back one more time with the belt and bring the second belt end to your front. You will have a long bit of “left over” belt hanging down from your waist. 4. Pull the first belt end out & down so it equals the same length as the second belt end. They should hang down with same distance. 5. Take the second belt end and put it over the first belt end. Then push this belt end back up. Let this end hang from the middle of your 6. Take the first belt end and go under the second belt end. 7. Flip the first belt end over second belt end and put the end through the “hole” created by 13 the two belts 8. Grab both belt ends and pull tight 9. Now you have learned to tie your Taekwondo belt.

6) Meaning of Taekwondo? The word Taekwondo is broken into three parts with a different meaning. “TAE” is to strike with fist, “KWON” to strike with foot and “DO” is the method or art. Taekwondo is a Korean systematic traditional Martial Art, which teaches more than kicking and punching. It is a discipline sport which improves our life skills and our body in both mentally and physically. Today taekwondo has become an international reputation and stands as an official Olympic sport worldwide. Taekwondo is considered the considered an art of self- defense. Taekwondo can be characterized by the unity of mind, body and life and the unity of poomse. When you do taekwondo, you should make your mind peaceful and concentrate on your movements

7) Meaning of Korean Flag The Korean flag is called “Taeguk-ki”. The flag consists of three parts; white field (background), red and blue circle in the center of the flag and four trigrams surrounding the circle in each of the four corners of the flag. “Yang” – represents

the positive aspects

Heaven Water

Taeguk – Origin

of all things Fire Earth 14

“Um” – negative aspects of duality

8) Taekwondo History The earliest records of Martial Arts practice in Korea date back to about 50 B.C. During this time, Korea was divided into three kingdoms: Silla, which was founded on the Kyongju plain in 57 B.C.; Koguryo founded in the Yalu River Valley in 37 B.C.; and Paekche, founded in the southwestern area of the Korean peninsula in 18 B.C. Tae Kyon is considered the earliest known form of Taekwondo. Evidence that Martial Arts were being practiced at that time can be found in tombs where wall-paintings show two men in fighting-stance. These paintings show unarmed people using techniques that are very similar to the ones used by Taekwondo today. Today, Taekwondo is one of the most recognized Korean Martial Art. Taekwondo was first recognized as a system of self-defense in the 1950’s when a group of Korean Martial artists came together and defined this sport as a simple hand and feet fighting. They hence named their style, Taekwondo and in the last 30 years it has developed to be one of the most effective styles in the world today.

9) Poomse The importance of Poomse (Taeguek) in Taekwondo It is a combination of techniques of blocks, stances, kicks and attacks performed consecutively while moving in certain directions. There are series of poomse designed with each level from beginner to advance. The proper way to learn and practice poomse is to learn the direction, stance and blocks in order from white belt. Poomse can be demonstrated indivually or in a group. The WTF has 8 colored belt forms and 9 black belt forms. The colored belt forms are all numbered one to eight and are called Taeguek.

“Tae” means bigness and “geuk” means eternity. The Taegeukpoomse consists of different movements in sequence. The main focus of this poomse is to make exact the speed of breathing and action and move the body weight properly while performing fast actions. Every Taeguek 15 varies, the eighth Taeguek for an example incorporates more kicking and is mainly in higher stance.

Taekwondo Sparring

We highly recommend no sparring, unless students have full gear, followed with learning all the basic techniques.

What you need to wear in a WTF taekwondo sparring competition:

 chest(or trunk) protector  head guard  groin guard  forearm guards  shin guards  hand protectors  mouth-guard

Your sparring gear needs to be WTF approved. You should wear your groin protector; forearm and shin guards underneath your taekwondo uniform. Each tkd sparring competition has weight categories. Weight categories vary depending on the tournament and belt rank.

Taekwondo sparring techniques you can do

Basically you can punch (with a clenched fist). And you can kick with any part of your foot below your ankle. And that’s it. No other techniques are allowed only punches and kicks. You can kick to two places. Your opponent’s chest protector or head. You can punch your opponent’s chest protector. (Although it’s got to be a very powerful punch to score!) You can’t punch your opponent in the head or face. You can’t kick or punch your opponent’s spine or below their chest protector.

Taekwondo sparring rules - scoring points

 You get one point for a basic attack to your opponent’s chest protector (for example a basic turning kick).  You get two points for a kick to your opponent’s chest protector if the kick involves a spinning technique - (this includes back kick).  You get 3 points for a kick to your opponent’s head.  To score a point your punch or kick has to be accurate and powerful. Light tapping kicks do not score.  In major competitions, chest protectors have electronic scoring systems in them. These are adjusted to take into account the weight category of the competitors. (Heavier players have to kick harder to score a point.)  For head kicks and if non-electronic hogus are used then at least 3 judges

Have to see the point and score it at the same time. The judges push a button when they see a point. How do you win in taekwondo sparring at the end of 3 rounds (2 for juniors) the winner is the player with the most points. You can also win by knocking out you opponent. If it’s a draw after 3 rounds then there is a golden point round. The first player to score a point in this round wins.

If no-one scores a golden point then the winner is the player who shows the best technique in the golden point round.

Taekwondo sparring rules - what you can’t do

These are the common things that give your opponent penalty points:  Stepping both feet out of ring  Evading by turning your back on your opponent  Intentionally falling down  Avoiding the match  Grabbing, holding or pushing your opponent  Attacking below you opponents face  Pretending to be injured  Butting or attacking with your knee  Hitting your opponents face with your hand 17

***Rules are subject to change; therefore you are advised to keep up with WTF on any changes in the rules. ***

MODULE 1 Warm-Up/Stretching

Warm-up and stretching is very crucial in class, which can prevent a student from getting injured. Warm-up and stretching should be the first step in class, prior to starting any class activity.

These stretches systematically warm-up the entire body. Stretching can also be done during class and also another “cool down” exercise at the end of the class. It is highly recommended that students and instructors stay in contact with the fitness community to keep themselves knowledgeable about the current best practices of warm-up and stretching.

Days where class is focused on kicking, you might have to do more stretching focusing on the legs to prevent injuries. Partner stretching is also important to learn and a great way to increase your flexibility.

We have included some of the basic stretches below:

 Each of these stretches require a count of 10 and one or 2 sets are recommended.  Warm up/stretching should be 10-15 minutes long  These stretches are recommended to be done daily.

Warm-up / Stretching (Following should be done twice in sets of 8.)

1. Bending knees, legs straight 2. Ham string stretch left/right alternating (left 1, 2….right 1,2…repeat till 8) 3. Deeper ham string stretch left/right alternating 4. Long stance side kick stretch alternating 5. Touch toes -hands on hip with back bend and head back 6. Neck up /down/left/right/circles, having hands on hip 7. Hands on Hip- Hip circles 8. Feet together-knee circles 9. Ankle rotation from standing position 10. Double shoulder width alternating toe touch arms straight (rotating left right, left right) 11. Shoulder rotation both ways one at a time outward and inward 12. Sit down and hands behind head and elbows to knees stretch lower back and hamstring (feet relaxed) 13. Rotate Ankle with one leg straight the other lto splits, sit down and relax groin muscles 14. Jumping Jacks 18

Stretching

Knee Bending

19 Hamstring Stretch

Deeper Hamstring Stretch

Stretching

Long Stance Side Kick Stretch

Touch Toes Stretch

Lower Back Stretch 21

Hip Circles

Stretching

Knee Circles

Ankles Rotations

Stretching

Feet Double Shoulders and touch the toes

Elbow Rotation

Stretching

Hands behind Head – Elbows to knees

Ankle Rotation

Stretching

One Leg Straight Rotations with Upper Body

Hurdler Stretch

Splits

Stretching

Butterfly Stretch

Splits with Relax Groin Muscles

Stretching

Jumping Jacks

MODULE 2 Stances “Soghi” Stances “Soghi” are basic postures that allow you to move forward, backward, defend and attack. The importance of Soghi is the base for balance and coordination. The following Soghi stances are originated from various animal postures.

1. “MOA Soghi” Attention Stance “cha ryuht”- The most basic stance. Both hands are in a fist on your sides with feet together. The command Charyeot is used to get everyone that is practicing’s attention. Students are to snap to attention position. Bow “Kyung nae” is used after Cha ryuht for the bow –hands cross over navel. Women right hand top - Men left over right. “Respect”.

2. “Joon-Bi Soghi” (Parallel Stance)--Stance (Ready Stance) the feet move to shoulder width and point straight forward followed at the same times both hands come up in front of the body and then go down with fist to create “Joon-bi”.”Getting Ready”.

3. Joo-choom Soghi (Horse Stance) -Feet go out double shoulder width. Knees move inward- The feet point straight forward. As the left foot steps out, both arms come out yelling KHYUP (power of concentration) This stance is used to practice basic punch and also basic blocks.

4. ApSoghi “Walking Stance” –Feet move in walking stance “45degrees” (reverse leg) with the leading foot pointing straight ahead – the reverse foot is one foot behind the leading leg. The reverse foot is pointing 45 degrees away from front leg. Walking Stance -–popular stance in forms.

5. “Apgubi”-Forward Stance - Feet are double shoulder length. The front foot is pointing forward with the rear foot pointing 45 degrees. Shoulders, Hips, Knees and feet are in one line. Weight is centered. Back leg is straight and front leg is bent. The front leg is straight from the knee down.

6. “Dui Gubi” L stance –Back Stance –front foot straight back foot 90 degrees. Feet are 2 feet apart. The shoulders are facing to side. 80% of weight on the back leg and 30 on front. Hands are a fist in a guarding position. The head is facing forward.

7. “Bum Soghi” (Cat Stance) - 90% of weight on Back Leg /10% of front leg. Both Knees bent. Shape of a tiger ready to attack. Torso is straight. On the ball of the front foot.

8. “KKoaSogi” Crossing stances – 2 knees are together –both legs are bent. One foot is on the ball 30 of the foot right behind the other foot which is flat on the ground.

Stances

1) “Moa Soghi” Attention Stance “cha ryuht”

2) “Joon-Bi Soghi”

Stances

3) Joo-choom Soghi (Horse Stance)

4) ApSoghi “Walking Stance”

Stances

5) “ApGubi” – Forward Stance

6) “Dui Gubi” L Stance

Stances

7) “Bum Soghi” (Cat Stance)

8) “KKoaSoghi” Crossing stances

MODULE 3 Basic Hand and Foot Strike

Basic Hand Strikes Taekwondo hand strikes are performed as a close distance with kicking combinations. Hand Strikes are executed in a number of ways. They can start from a standing position, jumping, spinning and rushing forward. Hand strikes make up fast combinations of strikes which can leave an opponent stunned and unable to defend him/her. Taekwondo hand strikes can be separated into two distinct styles:

1. Closed hand strikes (Jireugi) example: fist 2. Open hand techniques (Chigi) various surfaces of the hand may be engaged as the striking surface depending on which area of the opponent’s body is being targeted. This leads to a large array of hand positions.

Fore Fist “ApjoomukJireugi” 35 A closed fist may be jabbed out directly to strike with the fore fist knuckles. This is a suitable position for general punches to soft areas of the body. Without protection, it is inadvisable to strike the bony face as fingers are likely to get broken on the hard temple and jaw bones.

Basic Punching “YeonSeubJireugi” This technique is very important from the Horse Stance. Basic Punching is a very common aspect of traditional martial arts, especially in taekwondo. Whenever you see basic punching being performed, straight punches are sharply snapping one hand out while pulling the other one in. As the straight punch extends, the withdrawing hand retracts from waist level. The basic punch can be performed in multiple combinations, such as; single punch, double punches, triple punch, knife hand strikes, etc.

Hammer fist “Me JoomukChigi” A closed fist may be brought down in a hammering motion. Such a strike can destroy an opponent’s nose, making it near impossible for him to retaliate. The strike comes from up to down.

Back fist “DeungJoomukChigi” A “Son-deung” clenched hand, which loads are swung backwards into the face of an opponent. The back of the hand makes contact with the opponent Spinning back fists are a knockout punch and banned in most Taekwondo competitions.

Knife Hand “SonnalChigi” “Son-nal” is the Taekwondo name for a ‘Knife Hand Chop’, i.e. where an open hand is hammered across to make impact with the underside.

Ridge Hand “SonnalDeungChigi” Ridge hand is the opposite, where the top of the open hand strikes. These are commonly made to the side of the neck/throat.

Fingertips “SonkkeutJjireugi” “Son-kkeut” can be used to stab vulnerable areas of the body such as pressure points. Commonly used in self-defense and not in competition sparring. Four finger strikes engaging the tips of the outstretched hand (known as Spear hand) can be made to vital points in the neck.

Palm Heel “BatangsonJireugi” Is a classic self-defense strike where the hand is pulled back to engage the base of the palm in an upwards thrusting strike. This is particularly dangerous if applied to the base of the nose or chin and can result in death. Only used for Self-defense.

Elbow “PalgupChigi” 36 Forearm is folded inwards towards the body and the strike is delivered with the outside of the forearm or elbow. Tae Kwon Do also makes use of reverse and front elbow strikes.

Four Knuckle “PyunJoomukJireugi” This is a fist shape particular to the Asian martial arts. Instead of closing the fist completely, the fingers are held out and only the knuckles are bent thereby presenting the upper set of knuckles as the striking surface. This fist is used for breaking boards as the smaller surface area concentrates the punches power. In self-defense, it may be used to break an attackers jaw.

Thumb “UmjiJjireugi” “Umji” is a fist with the thumb protruding over the top. This is a formidable weapon in pressure point striking. Vulnerable areas can be targeted all over the body such as the sternum, the spaces in between the ribs and other nerve clusters.

Basic Hand Strikes

DeungJoomukChigi “Back Fist”

38 YeonSeubJireugi “Basic Punching in horse stance”

Basic Hand Strikes

Palm heel

Hand Strikes

SonnalChigi “Knife Hand”

SonnalDeungChigi “Ridge Hand” 40

Hand Strikes

Fingertips

Palm Heel 41

Hand Strikes

Elbow

Thumb

Hand Strikes

Knuckle Punch Palm Strike Four Knuckle

Proper Knuckle

Basic Kicks /Foot Strikes Taekwondo is a form of martial arts that mainly focuses on kicking. All kicks can be executed as jump kicks, spin kicks, jump spin kicks or multi-rotational spin kicks. Also, all can be performed by both legs in a given stance. Some of the best-known Taekwondo kicks include:

Warm-up Stretch Kick /Downward kicks“ApbbeodeoOlighi” Stretching kick, leg is straight and goes upward and then comes back down, without the knee being bent. Used to warm-up legs and ham strings

Front Snap Kick “ApChagi” This is a very linear kick. The practitioner raises the knee to the waist, pulls the toes back and quickly extends the foot at the target. It is also known as the snap kick. The front kick is one of the first kicks learned in TKD; if mastered it can become one of the most powerful in sparring. This technique used to push opponent away and also as self-defense. 44 Roundhouse Kick Turning Kick or Round Kick“ApdollyeoChagi” The practitioner raises the knee, turns the hips, pivots on the non-kicking foot, and snaps the kick horizontally into the target at a 80 to 90-degree angle, either with the instep or with the ball of

the foot. This kick requires significant flexibility and quick hip movement. Most popular kick in taekwondo and must be mastered.

Side Kick “YeopChagi” A very powerful kick, first the practitioner simultaneously raises the knee and rotates the body 90 degrees (pivot), while doing that they extend their leg. In WTF style taekwondo, this technique should strike with the outside edge of the foot, though using the heel may provide more force if used in sparring.

Most kicks have the following basic steps: 1) Load/Chamber 2) Extension 3) Re-Chamber 4) Return to Ready Stance

Feet Positions 1) Ball of foot 2) Top of foot 3) Knife Edge 4) Heel 5) Whole bottom of foot

4 Basic Kicks

Front Kick

Drop Kick

Round House Kick

Side Kick

Foot Positions

Ball of foot

Top of Foot

Knife-edge Strike

Heel

Bottom of foot

MODULE 4 Basic Blocks

Taekwondo blocks known as “Makgi” are used to stop and deflect an incoming attack. They engage various parts of the arm with the hand and are held in different positions such as knifehand, closed fist etc. Each block is suitable for a particular kind of attack and may be combined with another punch or kick to make a counter-attack.

Low Block “AhraeMakgi” Low block is used to defend against low attacks to the torso or legs. This is one of the most basic Taekwondo blocks and one of the first things a beginner will learn. The lead forearm is bent and raised to shoulder height, snapping the arm down straight with the palm facing the ground, which blocks any incoming low kicks.

Middle Section Block “MomtongMakgi” Middle block is used to deflect an attack (usually a kick) made at the torso. Starting up near the opposite shoulder and the leading hand is projected down and across the body to deflect the kick with the forearm.

High (Rising) Block “UlgoolMakgi” High block is another basic Taekwondo block, used to defend against overhead attacks to the head and shoulders. The arm is bent and raised above the head, and the underside of the forearm absorbs the impact of the blow, which may be painful but is better than it connecting with your head or delicate clavicle. This block is used to defend against Hammer fists, Axe Kicks and overhead strikes with blunt instruments.

Palm Block “BatangsonMakgi” Palm block is a standard block used to deflect incoming kicks and punches. The open hand is raised up to shoulder height and thrust directly down to meet the attacker’s limb. The heel of the hand makes contact with the attacker’s forearm in case of a punch, or shin in case of a kick. Although simple, it requires a lot of partner training to get the timing of this Taekwondo block correct.

Knife Hand Block “SonnalMakgi” The hand is kept in a knife hand position to block attacks to the torso. As the front arms sweeps down in an arc from the inside to the outside of the body, the back hand is simultaneously pulled back to the back hip and ready for a counter punch. 52

Double Hand Blocks Double Forearm Block “GeodeuluhMomtongMakgi” This is a more advanced Taekwondo block, designed to be used against a strong attack to the center of the body. Standing sideways, the lead forearm blocks the attack with the fist closed. The second arm provides further support, linking into elbow area of the arm so both forearms are at a 90 degree angle to the body.

Double Knife Hand Block “SonnalMomtongMakgi” With the hands held open in the knife hand position, a powerful kick aimed at the solar plexus can be successfully blocked. Both hands come across the body, intersecting at the forearms and providing a firm defense.

MODULE 5 30 Basic Moving Blocks/Movements

As a beginner it is important you learn the basic movements correctly as this will rapidly improve your technique and movement. When starting the main emphasis is on stepping and trying to gain control of your movements. Although the below exercises may seem simple they are not. All grades irrespective of grade should constantly practice their stepping skills as they are the foundation of your martial art. 1. ahraemakgi – underneath /Low block 2. momtongmakgi – trunk/ Middle block Outside and Inside Middle Block 3. ulgoolmakgi – face/ high section –block/ High Block 4. pahlmokulgoolmakgi – wrist face blocking-face clearing block mid/ Outward Middle block 5. momtonggeodeulahmakgi – assisted trunk blocking/double fist middle block- inside/outside 6. utgiruhmakgi – cross blocking (Low and High) 7. momtonghechuhmakgi –trunkpushing blocking/ double outside and double inside middle 8. gahwimakgi – scissor blocking 9. ulgoolhechuhmakgi – face pushing block/ double outside middle block 10. bahtangsohnnooluhmakgi – palm hand pressing down block 11. weh san teulmakgi– ½ mountain-block 12. momtongjireugi – middle punching forward and reverse 13. deungjoomukulgoolchigi – back fist 14. sohnkeutsewojjireugi –fingertip erect thrusting/ spear hand 15. bahtangsohnjireugi- palm strike 16. ahkeumsohnmokchigi-tiger mouth strike 17. jebipoomsohnnalmokchigi –knife hand high, with knife hand with knife hand strike to neck 18. pyojeokpalkubchigi– back fist with elbow strike 19. danggyoteokchigi – pulling jaw hitting--uppercut 20. uphensohnnalmokchigi—single knife hand strike to neck with palm down 21. hansohnnalyeopmahkimomtongjireugi –single hand knife hand step out punch 22. yangsohnnalmomtongmakgi – double hand knife hand middle 23. yangsohnnalahreamakgi – double knife hand low 24. keumgangjireugi – diamond punching/reverse hand high block with punch face same time 25. pahlmokyeopmakgi –outside middle block in back stance 26. chi jireugi – uppercut punching—double punch with both hands 27. ahraehechuhmakgi–double low block-forward stance 54 28. deungjoomukyeopchigi – fist back side hitting-back stance 29. santeulmakgi –full mountain Block- side stance 30. doljjeogui – elbow punch same time punch over opposite fist doing elbow

Basic Blocks

Low Block

Middle Block

Basic Blocks

High Block

Jhoom Bi to Fighting Stance

Basic Blocks

Double Fist Low

Double Fist inside Middle block

Basic Blocks

Load and Double knife hand middle block 58

Basic Blocks

Double knife hand low

Basic Blocks

Double outside middle block

Pressing Block

Basic Blocks

Single knife hand middle block

Inside Middle Block

Basic Blocks

Back Fist Strike

Load and Crossing Block High

Basic Blocks

Load and Crossing Fist low

Load & Elbow and Punch

Basic Blocks

Double inside middle block

Double fist outward middle

Basic Blocks

Double Punch

Face Clearing Block

Basic Blocks

Full Mountain

½ Mountain

Basic Blocks

Hammer Fist Down

Jebi Poom Sohnnal Mok Chig

Basic Blocks

Double low block in cat stance

Double outside middle block

Basic Blocks

Outward Middle Block

High Block with punch

Basic Blocks

Elbow Strike

Reverse Punch

Basic Blocks

Ridge Hand Strike

Load and Scissor Block

Basic Blocks

Single knife hand block

72 Load and Spear Hand strike

Basic Blocks

Tiger Mouth Strike

Upper Cut

Basic Blocks

Punch from side view

MODULE 6 White Belt

Meaning of Belt “Without the knowledge and taekwondo and pure. As with the Pine Tree, the seed must now be planted and nourished to develop strong roots”. The student has no knowledge of Taekwondo and begins with a clean (pure) slate. Purity is often signified by the color white.

General Knowledge When a student is first enrolled in Taekwondo, it is recommended that they understand, memorize the Student Creed and learn some Korean terminology.

Student creed  I intend to develop myself in a positive manner and avoid anything that can reduce my mental growth and physical health.  I intend to develop self-discipline in order to bring out the best in myself and others  I intend to use what I learn in class constructively and defensively, to help myself and my fellow human being, and never be abusive or offensive.  I intend to practice daily

Korean counting from 1 to 20 1) 하나 -Hana 2) 둘 -Dhul 3) 셋 -Seht 4) 넷 -Nett 5) 다섯 -Da-seot 6) 여섯 -Yeo-seot 7) 일곱 -Il-gope 8) 여덟 –Yeo-deol 9) 아홉 –Ah-hope 10) 열 -Yeol 11) 열하나 –Yeolhana 12) 열둘-Yeoldhul 13) 열셋-Yeolseht 14) 열넷- Yeolnett 15) 열다섯-Yeol da-seot 16) 열여섯 -Yeol yeo-seot 75 17) 열일곱 - Yeol Il gope 18) 열여덟 -Yeol yeo-deol 19) 열아홉 -Yeol ah-hope

20) 스물 -Seu-mool

Basic Hand & Foot with Combination techniques A) Attention Position, Bow, Ready Stance B) Guarding / Fighting Stance C) Forward stance D) Jab and punch (both locking and snapping) E) Front kick, leading and reverse F) Ducking straight down G) Low, Middle, High Block, Basic Set H) Combination of techniques I) Round House Kick

Students must be able to perform each technique while moving forward and backwards in both stances.

Form Taeguek 1 Jang

Taegeuk 1 Jang represents the symbol of "Keon", one of the 8 Kwaes (divination signs), which means the heaven and yang. As the "Keon" symbolizes the beginning of the creation of all things in the universe, sodoes the Taegeuk 1 Jang in the training of Taekwondo. This poomse is characterized by its easiness in practicing, largely consisting of walking and basic actions, such as ahrae-makgi, momtong-makgi, momtong-jireugi,ulgool-makgi and ap-chagi.

Taeguk 1

1.Attention Position 2.Bow 3.Attention Position 4.Ready Stance

5.Pivot on the right 6.Step forward, 7.Turn to the right 8.Step forward, foot turning left , execute a right side, followed with execute a right middle followed with a low middle block a low block block 77 block (in walking stance)

9.Look over your left shoulder and execute 10.Without moving, follow the low block

a left low block in forward stance. with a right hand middle punch.

11.Look over right 12.Without moving, 13.Bring the left 14.Execute a right front shoulder and have follow the low block foot to the right kick. right foot step out in with a left hand heel, to the left karate stance, middle punch. side. In walking followed with right stance execute a hand low block. left high block 78

15.Follow with a 16.Pivot on the right 17.Execute a left front 18.Land the kick right punch in foot turning kick forward in walking walking stance clockwise in the stance, followed with opposite direction. a left punch. Walking stance followed w/ a right high block

19.Look to the right, move 20.Stepping forward with 21.Pivot on right foot, turn left foot to the black in right foot, finishing form body to the left and retreat forward stance with a left with a right punch and yell back into ready stance 79 hand low block (Kihap)

MODULE 7 Yellow Belt

Meaning of Belt The seed is beginning to see the sunlight. "The student begins to understand the basics of Taekwondo. The sun appears to be yellow.

General Knowledge

 How to tie your belt.  At this level, it is required for each student to fully understand the meaning of Taekwondo, as well as the criteria provided at the white Belt level.

Basic Hand & Foot with Combination techniques

A) Hook strike, leading and reverse B) Round house kick, leading and reverse C) Axe kick,inside and outside D) Outside to inside middle block E) Jumping leading front kick (scissors) F) Combinations of techniques G) Back Stance – L stance H) Single Knife Hand Strike I) Double Knife Hand Guarding Block J) Inside middle block K) Back Kick

Students must be able to perform all techniques while moving forward and backwards in both stances.

Form Taegeuk 2 Jang Taegeuk 2 Jang symbolizes the "Tae", one of the 8 divination signs, which signifies the inner firmness and the outer softness. The ap-chagi actions appear more frequently than in Taegeuk 1 Jang.

Taeguk 2

1.Ready stance 2.Look over left shoulder, 3.Step forward with right execute left low block in foot in forward stance walking stance with left leg executing right punch forward

4.Look over right 5.Step forward with 6.Look over left 7.Right foot steps shoulder and turn left foot in forward shoulder and turn forward in walking right foot in opposite stance executing left left foot into stance with left direction, walking punch walking stance with hand outside-inside stance with right low right outside-inside middle block 81 block middle block

8.Look over to left and turn left 9.Right front kick 10.Land in forward stance foot to walking stance with left with right hand high punch low block

11.Look over right shoulder 12.Left front kick 13.Land in forward stance and turn right foot with left hand high punch clockwise, having right foot forward in walking stance with right low block

14.Look to left, 15.Step forward 16.Turn left foot 17.Left hand does move left foot to the with right foot in counter clockwise, middle block middle in walking walking stance, with right hand towards the back stance, left high followed with right middle block block high block

18.Look to left, 19.Step forward 20.Turn left foot 21.Left hand does move left foot to the with right foot in counter clockwise, middle block middle in walking walking stance, with right hand towards the back stance, left high followed with right middle block block high block 83

22.Turn left foot to the back 23.Right front kick 24.Land forward right foot, walking stance and left low with right punch block

25. Left front kick 26.Land forward left foot in 27.Right leg front walking stance with left kick punch

28.Land forward left foot walking 29.Turn right foot counter clockwise stance with left punch Yell(Kihap) to front, back in ready stance

MODULE 8 Orange Belt

Meaning of Belt The sun is beginning to rise. As with the morning's dawn, only the beauty of the sunrise is seen rather than the immense power. The beginner student sees the beauty of the art of Taekwondo but has not yet experienced the power of the technique. Orange is found among the many colors of the sunrise. General Knowledge All students at the Orange Belt level are required to understand the meaning of the Korean flag, along with each set of criteria introduced during White and Yellow Belt. Meaning of Korean Flag

The Korean flag is called “Taegeuk-ki”. The flag consists of three parts; white field (background), red and blue circle in the center of the flag and four trigrams surrounding the circle in each of the four corners of the flag. The circle is called “Taegeuk” which means the origin of all things in the universe. The red and blue represent eternal duality. The blue portion of the circle is called “Um”, representing the negative aspects of this duality. The red portion of the circle is called “Yang” and represents the positive aspects. Each trigram consists of three parallel lines; the upper left corner which represents “Heaven”, upper right symbolizes “Water”, lower left symbolizes “Fire” and the lower right for “Earth”. Basic Hand & Foot with Combination techniques

A) Hook strike with weaving left and right B) Uppercut leading and reverse C) Round kick to four sides D) Side kick/ Hook kick from fighting stance E) Jumping reverse front kick F) Lower palm block G) inside middle block H) Sliding Kicks – Roundhouse, Front, Drop I) Combination of techniques

Students must be able to perform all techniques while moving forward and backwards in both stances. Form Taegeuk 3 Jang Taegeuk 3 Jang symbolizes the "Ra", one of the 8 divination signs, which represent hot and bright.This is 86 to encourage the trainees to harbor a sense of justice and ardor for training. New actions are sonnal-mok- chigi and sonnal-makgi and dwi-kubi stance. This poomse is characterized by successive makgi and chigi, and continued jireugis. Emphasis is laid on the counterattacks against the opponent's chi

Taeguk 3

1.Ready Stance 2.Turn to the 3.Execute a right leg 4.Put right foot in front in left and execute front kick. forward stance and a low block in execute a right forward walking stance, punch.

5.Rapidly execute a 6.Turn to the 7.Execute a left leg 8.Put left leg in front into left hand punch. right and execute front kick. forward stance and a right hand low execute a left punch. block.

9.Rapidly execute a 10.Turn to 11.Take one step 12.Turn to the left side right hand punch. 12’oclock walking forward in walking in back stance and stance - left foot in stance and perform perform a single knife front and do a a left hand knife hand. knife hand strike hand strike.

13.Step out and right 14.Turn the opposite 15.Left hand Reverse 16.Turn the front hand punch in left direction and single punch in forward and perform a forward stance hand knife hand block stance Left foot reverse right moves first hand middle block

17.Step forward 18.Turn into low 19.Left leg Front 20.Left hand Punch in and left middle belt walking stance Kick forward stance block in walking stance

21.Right hand 22.Turn to low 23.Right leg front 24.Land in forward reverse punch block the opposite kick. stance and perform a direction and right hand punch. execute a low block.

25.Rapidly perform 26.Turn to the back 27.Rapidly execute a 28.Step forward left hand punch. left foot in front and right hand punch. with right leg and perform a low block perform right hand in walking stance. low block in walking stance.

29.Rapidly execute a 30.Perform a left leg 31.Land in front and 32.Rapidly perform left hand punch. front kick. perform a low block a right hand punch. with the left hand in walking stance.

33.Execute a right 34.Right down block 35.Rapidly perform 36.Return to Ready leg front kick. in walking stance a left hand punch. Stance Yell (Kihap)

MODULE 9 Green Belt

Meaning of Belt "The pine tree is beginning to develop and grow in strength." The student's technique is developing power. The components of the basic techniques are beginning to work in unison. As the pine tree develops, it sprouts green pine needles.

General Knowledge

All students at the Green Belt level are required to understand the history of Taekwondo, and each set of criteria provided in the preceding belts.

Basic Hand & Foot with Combination techniques

A) Twin Guarding Block high B) Spear Hand Strike C) Cat stance and movements D) Spinning side/back fist E) Jumping Spinning back kick F) Faking round house kick G) Shin block (blocking front kick) H) Combination of kick boxing techniques I) Jumping reverse round house kick J) Sweep leading/reverse to the leading leg K) Ground Kicking Set

Students must be able to perform all techniques while moving forward and backwards in both stances.

Form Taegeuk 4 Jang Taegeuk 4 Jang symbolizes the "Jin", one of the 8 divination signs, which represent the thunder meaning great power and dignity. New techniques are sonnal-momtong-makgi, pyon-son-kkeut-jireugi, jebipoom-mok-chigi, yeop-chagi, momtong-bakkat-makgi, deung-joomuk-ulgool-ap-chigi. Various movements in preparation for the kyorugi and lot of dwi-kubistances characterize it.

Taeguk 4

1.Ready stance 2.Turn to your left double 3.Step forward in forward stance knife hand strike in back and execute sphere hand strike stance

4.Turn right foot clockwise, 5.Step forward in forward 6.Turn left foot to the perform double knife hand stance (left leg) and execute middle; execute left hand strike in back stance sphere hand strike knife hand strike to the head and right hand knife hand 93 strike to the neck at the same time

7.Perform right front kick 8.Land in forward stance 9.Left leg side kick with a right punch

10.Right leg side kick 11.Double knife and 12.Turn back foot 13.Right leg front strike in back stance counter -clockwise, kick left hand face clearing block in back stance 94

14.Retreat back to 15.Turn right foot in 16.Left leg front kick 17.Retreat back to back stance with opposite direction back stance with left right hand outside- and execute right hand outside-inside inside middle block hand face clearing middle block block

18.Turn to the back 19.Right leg front 20.Land in forward 21.Turn left, move and left hand high kick stance with inside- left foot forward in block with knife outside middle block walking stance with hand strike left middle block

22.Follow the left 23.Turn in opposite 24.Follow the right 25.Look to left and middle block with a direction and hand middle block turn left foot to the right punch, stance execute right hand with a left punch, back in forward does not change middle block stance does not stance with left change middle block

26.Right hand punch 27.Left hand punch 28.Step forward in forward stance with right hand middle block

29.Left hand punch 30.Right hand punch Yell 31.Back foot retreats back to (Kihap) ready stance

MODULE 10 Blue Belt

Meaning of Belt "The tree reaches for the sky toward new heights." Having passing the mid-way point, the student focuses his/her energy upward toward Black Belt. The sky appears as blue.

General Knowledge

 Taekwondo principles and philosophy  All students at the Blue Belt level should be able to demonstrate the variety of criteria introduced during White, Yellow, Orange, and Green Belt.

Basic Hand & Foot with Combination techniques A) Cat stance and movement with knife hand middle block B) Elbow strike up to down/down to up while moving forward in forward stance C) Jumping leading spinning back kick D) Leading spinning hook kick while moving forward E) Leading/reverse sliding side kick F) Stances Set (Horse, Forward, Back, Cat, Crain, Fighting)

Students must be able to perform all techniques while moving forward and backwards in both stances.

Form Taegeuk 5 Jang Taegeuk 4 Jang symbolizes the "Jin", one of the 8 divination signs, which represent the thunder meaning great power and dignity. New techniques are sonnal-momtong-makgi, pyon-son-kkeut- jireugi, jebipoom-mok-chigi, yeop-chagi, momtong-bakkat-makgi, deung-joomuk-ulgool-ap- chigi. Various movements in preparation for the kyorugi and lot of dwi-kubi stances characterize it.

Taeguk 5

1.Ready Stance 2.Turn to Left and Low 3.Hammer fist down 4.Turn Low block in Block in Left Forward in walking stance the opposite Stance direction in forward stance

5.Hammer Fist down in 6.Turn to front left 7.Right hand middle 8.Front snap kick walking stance hand middle block block with right leg forward stance 99

9.Back fist strike 10.Left hand middle 11.Left Front snap 12.Left hand middle with right hand block kick block in forward stance

13.Right Hand 14.Step forward 15.Turn and single knife 16.Step forward in middle block and do a left hand hand block in back forward stance and middle block stance right arm elbow strike

100

17.Turn to the opposite 18.Left hand Elbow in 19.Turn to back 20.Right hand direction and left hand forward stance and low block middle block single knife hand

21.Right leg front 22.Right hand low 23.Left hand middle 24.Turn to right and kick block in forward high block in forward stance stance

101

25.Load side 26.Side kick 27.Left hand elbow strike 28.Turn opposite kick direction and high block

29.Load for side 30.Side kick 31.Right hand elbow 32.Turn to back kick and low block in forward stance

102

33.Right Hand 34.Front snap kick 35.Crossing stance 36.Return to Ready Middle block Back with a Kihap Stance or yell and back fist strike

103

MODULE 11 Brown Belt

Meaning of Belt The tree is firmly rooted in the earth. At this point, the student has mastered the basics and developed deep roots in Taekwondo. Brown is known as an earthy color, such as dirt. All students at the Brown Belt level are required to fully understand the curriculum offered during White, Yellow, Orange, Green, and Blue Belt.

General Knowledge

 The importance of TaeguekPoomse  All students at the Brown Belt level should be able to demonstrate the variety of criteria introduced during White, Yellow, Orange, Green and Blue Belt.

Basic Hand & Foot with Combination techniques

A) Jumping spinning hook kick B) Spinning sweep C) Circular focus hand movement D) Power stance and movement E) Transition between cat, crossing, horse stance F) Form techniques

Students must be able to perform all techniques while moving forward and backwards in both stances

Form Taegeuk 6 Jang Taegeuk 6 Jang symbolizes the "Kam", one of the 8 divination signs, which represents water, meaning incessant flow and softness. New movements are han-sonnal-ulgool-bakkat-makgi, dollryo-chagi, ulgool-bakkat-makgi and batangson-momtong-makgi in addition to pyonhi-soghi [at-ease stance]. One should be careful to make the kicking foot land on the ground correctly after dollryo-chagi and to lower the hand by a palm's length at the time of delivering a batangson-momtong-makgi lower than in the palmok-makgi.

104

Taeguk 6

1.Ready 2.Turn left, left leg 3.Right front kick 4.Bring kick back in stance steps out in forward back stance with left stance; left low block hand middle block

5.Turn in opposite 6.Left leg front kick 7.Bring kick back in 8.Turn left 90 direction, having back stance with right degrees into right leg front in hand middle block left forward forward stance with stance; right right low block knife hand 105 high block

9.Right roundhouse kick, 10.Left foot steps 11.Follow outside 12.Right front kick land kicking foot next to forward in middle block with left foot forward stance right punch with left outside middle block

13.Land kicking foot 14.Turn 180 degrees 15.Left middle punch 16.Left foot front forward with right into right font in same stance kick punch in forward stance, right outside stance block

106

17.Land kicking foot 18.Turn left foot 90 19.Bringing hands 20.Right foot steps in forward stance degrees in ready down slowly into out in forward with right punch stance; crossing both double low block stance with left knife hands over head hand high block

21.Left leg 22.Right foot steps 23.Left front kick 24.Bring kicking leg roundhouse kick, forward in forwards back into back land kicking foot stance; right low stance with right next to right foot block outside block Yell (Kihap)

107

25.Turn opposite 26.Right front kick 27.Bring kicking 28.Right foot steps direction, having left foot back into back back in back stance foot in forward stance stance with left along with double ; execute left low block outside block knife hand strike

29.Repeat the last 30.Right foot steps 31.In same stance 32.Left foot steps step as you are back in forward follow pressing block back in forward stepping backwards stance with left with right punch stance with right in back stance with pressing block pressing block double knife hand strike 108

33.Follow the pressing block 34.Right foot comes back with with a left punch left foot, back into ready stance

109

MODULE 12 Red Belt

Meaning of Belt "The sun is setting. The first phase of growth has been accomplished." The first day (the period of time from white belt to red belt) of growth is coming to an end. The physical skill has been developed but lacks control; therefore, physical and mental discipline must now be achieved. Variations of red are found among the many colors of the sunset.

General Knowledge

 Understanding of Taekwondo Etiquette.  Should be able to lead a group warm up, basic punch, basic kicks, stretching and Taegeuk forms 1-6 Jang.

Basic Hand & Foot with Combination techniques

A) Jumping spinning round house kick B) Sparring strategies number 1 to 5 C) Review all counter attacks D) Self-defense against two opponent E) Review of all sweeps F) Boxing skills G) Intensive stretching ability (Flexibility)

Students must be able to perform all techniques while moving forward and backward in both stances.

Form Taegeuk 7 Jang A combination of slightly intensified blocks, kicks, and punches. Each student at the Red belt level must be able to recite and master this form. Taegeuk 7 Jang symbolizes the "Kan", one of the 8 divination signs, which represents the mountain, meaning ponder and firmness. New movements are sonnal-ahrae-makgi, batangson-geodeuluh- makgi, bo-joomuk-gawi-makgi, mureup-chigi, momtong-hechuh-makgi, jechin-du-joomuk- momtong-jireugi, utgeoruh-ahrae-makgi, pyojeok-chigiand such stances as beom-soghi and juchoom-soghi. Smooth connection of movements is important for training.

110

Taeguk 7

1.Start in ready 2.Look left and 3.Execute right front 4.Bring kicking foot stance turn left foot into kick back into cat stance cat stance with with left middle block right palm block

5.Turn 180 degrees 6.Execute left font kick 7.Bring kicking 8.Step 90 degrees in into right cat stance foot back in cat 12 o’clock into back 111 and execute a left stance and right stance with low palm block hand middle block section double knife hand strike

Taeguk 7

1.Start in ready 2.Look left and 3.Execute right front 4.Bring kicking foot stance turn left foot into kick back into cat stance cat stance with with left middle block right palm block

9.Step forward with 10.Step towards 11.From the pressing 12.Turn 180 degrees a low section double 3oclock and bring block throw a back into right cat stance knife hand strike your left foot in fist with the same with the right fist (add after last step) front of the right hand. The other under the left elbow. foot forming into cat hand is placed under From there you stance with a right the right elbow. execute a pressing hand pressing block block.

13.From the pressing 14.Pivoting the right 15.From there step 16.Execute the block throw a back foot towards 12 forward with the left scissor block fist with the same o’clock. Assume it’s a foot into forward rapidly left down hand. closed stance. Both stance. Execute a hands are brought up scissor block right 112 from your sides. Right down hand is a fist and left hand is slightly covering it

17.Step forward with 18.Execute the 19.Turn towards 3 20.Grab opponents your right foot in scissor block o’clock with right foot head and execute a forward stance. And rapidly left down in front and grab right knee strike to rapidly execute the opponents shoulders the face scissor block right down

21.Keep the right leg 22.Crossing block 23.Double outside 24.Grab opponents crossed over the left middle block head and execute a leg and execute a left knee strike to 113 double uppercut to the face the ribs

25.Double Uppercut 26.Crossing block in 27.Turn to left and 28.Right Cresent to ribs forward stance back fist strike in Kick walking stance

29.Elbow strike 30.Open Hand 31.Cresent Kick 32.Elbow Stike

114

33.In place single knife 34.Move forward 35.Ready Stance hand and Horse Stance Right hand Punch Yell (Kihap)

115

MODULE 13 Rec. - Black Belt 1st Dan

Meaning of Belt "The tree has reached maturity and has overcome the darkness... it must now 'plant seeds for the future'". The color black is created when all the colors of the light spectrum have been absorbed into an object. That object has "taken control" of the colors and retained them. If one color was to "escape", the object would no longer be black but would appear as that color. He/she has "absorbed" all the knowledge of the ranks and overcome or "mastered" that level or training. The colors of the spectrum are bound together and are not reflected off an object, resulting in the absence of color which we call black.

General Knowledge  Review all previous belt and black belt testing guidelines  All students need to know all information from Whitetocurrent Belt?

Basic Hand & Foot with Combination techniques

A) Multiple combos with jumping kicks B) Jumping and hitting multiple targets C) Sparring with 2 opponents D) Flexibility and balance E) 20 consecutive spinning hook kick with each leg F) Create a creative form G) Review all forms Taegeuk 1-8 Jang H) Start learning Black Belt forms

Students must be able to perform all techniques while moving forward and backwards in both stances.

Form Taegeuk 8 Jang A combination of slightly intensified blocks, kicks, and punches. Each student at the Red Belt level must be able to recite and master this form.

Taegeuk 8 Jang symbolizes the "Kon", one of the 8 divination signs, which represents yin and earth, meaning the root and settlement and also the beginning and the end. This is the last of the 8 Taegeukpoomses, which may enable the trainees to undergo the Dan(Black Belt) promotion test. New movements are dubal-dangsang-apchagi, wesanteul-makgi, dangyo-teok-chigi, yeop- 116 momtong-jireugi, doljjeogui, apchago-ddwiah-apchagi and palgup-dollyro-chigi. Emphasis must be laid on the accuracy of stepping and the difference between jumping-over kick and dubal- dangsang-chagi [alternate jumping kick in the air].

Taeguk 8

1.Ready Stance 2.Right Back stance 3.Right foot steps out 4.Left leg jumping and Guarding block and righ hand punch front kick with middle in forward stance Kihap or Yell

5.Left hand middle 6.Right hand punch 7.Left hand punch 8.Forward step and block in left forward right hand punch 117 stance

9.Turn into ½ 10.Step out and do 11.Turn into ½ 12.Step out and do a mountain block in a a slow uppercut mountain block in a slow uppercut deep forward stance deep forward stance

13.Retreat to the 14.Step out and 15.Front kick and retreat 16.Into a cat stance back facing the reverse middle and right pressing front and do a punch block double knife hand block

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17.Turn to the left 18.Left leading front 19.Right Hand reverse 20.Draw up and cat and cat stance kick punch in forward stance left had double knike hand stance pressing block

21.Turn the 22.Leading front 23.Left hand punch in 24.Draw back opposite direction Kick right forward stance into cat stance and cat stance and and pressing double knife hand block

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25.Move to the 26.Left front kick 27.With the foot in 28.Right hand back and double the air switch with middle block fist low in back a hop into right stance front kick Kihhap In right forward or yell stance

29.Left hand 30.Right hand punch 31.Turn and single 32.Step out and elbow punch- no step – no step knife hand in back -in forward stance stance

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33.Back Fist with the 34.Left hand Punch 35.Turn into right 36.Left hand elbow right hand back stance the in forward stance opposite direction and single knife hand middle block

37.Left had Back fist 38.Right Hand Punch 39.Return to ready strike stance

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MODULE 14 Target Training

Paddle Training

Two people are required for paddle training.Kicking/ Punching Kick paddlesare great for hand–eye/ foot-eye coordination, balance, flexibility and strength training, should be done weekly. There are many drills that can be practiced, learning how to hold the paddle is the first important step. You must learn how to hold target for partner, depending on their flexibility the target can be adjusted. Drop kicks, round kicks, spinning hook kicks are highly practiced on paddle training.

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Shadow Training

Kicking and punching in the air.Great for movement and timing.Great for warming up and practicing proper technique. Basic training is usually started with shadow sparring, this can also be done with partner and alone.

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Heavy Bag Training

Kicking/ Punching Heavy Bags.Excellentway to understand power andtechnique. Develops your power and cleans the technique. This can also be done with either a partner or by yourself. Great source on improving your speed of punches and kicks. Great for side kick, back kick and round house kick development.

Partner Training

Kicking and punching and timing drills with another partner- also movement drills. Hugo drills, two people are required, multiple people are even better. Partner training is a great way to improve sparring and develop proper timing and execution of Taekwondo kicks. In partner training, your partner is considered the target and you get to practice kicks at different angles and timing. Beneficial for speed, endurance, timing and counter attack.

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Side Kick /Back Kick

Side Kick

Round house kick on bag

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Basic Bag Kick

Cut Kick

Double Kick

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MODULE 15 Taekwondo Sparring Sparring is a key element of Taekwondo. It is used to teach students how to deal with real life scenarios and how to counter attacks with sparring gear. (I.e. chest guard and head gear) and a referee. Kids as young as 4 years old can do sparring.

Taekwondo sparring is an Olympic sporting event where you get points for attacks from your feet and fists. Majority of the points are scored by kicks. Please see the education section to go over the rules. Please also check the WTF website and be informed of all local rules and regulations for sparring. Sparring has many aspects, including ring management, timing, speed, flexibility, understanding your opponent’s strengths and weaknesses. Mastering Sparring takes many years of practice and competitions. Competitions are a great way to get feedback on your progress as a Taekwondo competitor. We highly recommend no sparring, unless students have full gear.

Please see educations section for rules on sparring competition and sparring required equipment.

Basic Attacks 1. Roundhouse Kick 2. Cut/Push Kick 3. Double Roundhouse Kick 4. Back Kick 5. Spinning Hook Kick 6. Axe Kick 7. Crescent Kick 8. Hook Kick

Basic Counter Attacks 1. Roundhouse Kick Counter 2. Back Kick Counter 3. Spinning Kick Counter 4. Axe Kick Counter

Attacking Combinations Kicks Prior to sparring, students must review and perform all six sparring combinations. 1. Fast kick, switch , Fast kick, switch, back kick back kick followed with 360 round house 2. Left round house , right round house right double round house, left double round house , drop kick 3. Push kick, jump push kick, switch, Push kick, jump push kick, 360 round house 127 4. Roundhouse , double kick , double kick 5. Back Kick, Back kick, spin hook, spin hook, roundhouse kick 6. Round kick, round kick 360 round, round kick, 360 round kick

MODULE 16 SelfDefense

Self-Defense is a very important part of Taekwondo, and is something parents and students are looking for. You must be proficient and knowledgeable of the following self-defense situations. Our self-defense is divided into four levels, please practice each until you are proficient.

Level 1 1) Hair grab---both arms come up grab wrist, right leg goes back and bring down opponent 2) Shoulder grab—before you grab you break 3) Collar grab/neck—--turn to arm bar 4) Belt grab---lock arm into upward arm bar 5) Double wrist grab—turn wrist step forward left leg and knee to balls 6) Shoulder grab from back 7) Bear hug from back—move to horse stance left/right elbow to chest 8) Bear hug from front-- 9) Under arm bear hug—grab right leg and leg bar 10) Wrestling move—drop down and grab head and bring down 11) Side head lock—rape the face and swipe the leg and kick to balls

Level 2 1) Front knife hand strike-avoid attack by moving to side and lock arm w/take down 2) Knife or gun have hands up 3) Over the head knife attack—judo throw 4) Head lock w/knife 5) Experience knife attack—attacking hand off opponent 6) Back knife hand strike---loops to arm bar

Level 3 How to fall /land 1) Front fall 2) Back fall 3) Side fall 4) Forward roll w/slap 5) How to balance on landing

Level 4 Demonstration Techniques 1. Pressure point applications 128 The body has many sensitive areas that are affected to clear0cut the attack. These are known as pressure points or “Ji-Ap-Sul”. These are three types of pressure points that can cause the

following: pain, paralysis, or death. These can be targeted with gripping/striking in order to impair or cause consequential pain to cause life time injury.

2. Throws Throws are also known “Too-Sul”; Taekwondo practitioners alter the opponents force to their own advantage and throw him/her to the ground. Once the attack is on the ground, the practitioner has more control over his/her adversary and can follow the attack with consecutive controlling or finishing the techniques.

3. Joint Locks Joint locks are also known as, “kwan-Jeol-Sul”, in Taekwondo; these can be useful against armed attackers. Joint locks can be applied on any joint in the body and are especially useful for controlling an opponent who has been thrown to the ground.

4. Termination techniques These are known as, one of the kind of Je-Ap-Sul”, a range of strikes applied to an opponent downed by a previous throw or strike. Powerful downward kicks and hand strikes are used to make sure the opponent stays down.

5. Choking techniques Choking is called “Jil-Sik-Sul”, used to strangle an opponent and to deprive the attacker’s brain of either oxygenated blood through the artery and oxygen for the lungs. The Taekwondo practitioner uses leverage from his/her arm and which sometimes involves the attackers clothing to apply pressure to the sensitive neck area. Choke holds are dangerous and are only taught to higher level Taekwondo students, if something goes wrong it can cause serious injuries/death to the partner.

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MODULE 17 2nd Dan- Koryo

Meaning of Belt Found who has gone beyond basics and continues there learning in Taekwondo. Learning to Teach and manage a class.

General Knowledge All students must master White Belt to 1st Dan belt criteria, including all poomse.

Basic Hand & Foot with combination techniques a) Basic Movements include: • BalChagi 1 - continuous kicks • BalChagi 2 - same leg two kick combinations • BalChagi 3 - kick paddle kicking • BalChagi 4 - flying kicks

b) Sparring: • Combination sparring drills • Free lance sparring

c) Board breaking hand & feet: • Basic hand • Basic kicks

d) Jumping techniques: • Kicks • Flying side kick • Jumping side kick • Jumping front kick to the front and to the side

e) Different types of hand movements: • Punch • Side Elbow • Knife hand • Sphere hand

f) Different types of foot movement: • Front kick 130 • Round kick • Back kick

Black Belt Forms

We have information on all the WTF Black Belt forms below. Please note that the required forms for you belt would be decided by your instructor. Please study each form properly. This course goes up to 2nd Dan which includes Koryo and Keumgang.

Taekwondo WTF Black Belt Form 1 (Koryo)

This is the first black belt form learned by WTF Taekwondo students. According to the World Taekwondo Federation, Koryo poomsae symbolizes "seonbae" which means a learned man, who is characterized by a strong martial sprit as well as a righteous learned man's sprit. The sprit had been inherited through the ages of Koryo, Palhae and down to Koryo, which is the background of organizing the Koryo poomsae

Ready Stance (Joon Bi), 1) Turn left 90 degrees 2) Execute a double side forming a triangle in front into a back stance, left kick, starting with a of your face. foot forward and low side kick (right execute a double knife leg). hand block.

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Finish with a high side kick 3) Execute a knife hand 4) Throw a punch with using the same foot (right). strike with your right your left hand. hand (palm down).

5) Move into a back 6) Turn right 180 7) Execute a double side stance, execute an degrees into back kick, starting with a inside block with stance, right foot low side kick (left your right arm. forward and execute a leg). double knife hand block.

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Finish with a high side kick 8) Execute a knife hand 9) Throw a punch with using the same foot (left). strike with your left your right hand. hand (palm down).

10) Move into a back 11) Turn left 90 degrees 12) Throw an arc hand stance, execute an into front stance (left strike with your right inside block with your leg forward) and hand. left arm. execute a low knife hand block

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13) Do a front kick with 14) Execute a low knife 15) Throw an arc hand your rear (right) leg hand block with your strike with your left and go into a front right hand. hand. stance.

16) Do another front kick 17) Execute a low knife 18) Throw an arc hand with your rear (left) hand block with your strike with your right leg and go into a left hand hand. At the end of front stance. this maneuver, yell "Kihap.”

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19) Execute a front kick 20) Grasp your imaginary 21) Turn 180 degrees to with your rear (right) opponent's ankle with the left, go into a leg and land in a front your right hand and front stance (right leg stance. press down on the forward) and execute knee with your left a double inner block. hand.

22) Do a front kick with 23) Grasp your imaginary 24) Move your left foot your rear (left) leg opponent's ankle with back into a walking and land in front your left hand and stance and execute a stance. press down on the double inner block. knee with your right hand. 135

25) Turn 90 degrees (step 26) Punch your right hand 27) Cross your right foot back with your right into the palm of your over your left foot. foot) into horse-riding left hand - keep your stance and do a single left arm extended. knife hand block with your left hand

28) Execute a side kick 29) Turn 180 degrees into 30) Slide your right foot with your left foot. front stance, throw a back into walking groin finger strike stance and execute a (left). low block with your right arm. 136

31) Step forward into 32) Step forward with 33) Transition into a walking stance (left your right foot into single knife hand foot forward) and horse-riding stance block with your right execute a down palm and throw an elbow hand. block with your left strike with your right hand. fist enclosed by your left hand.

34) Punch your left hand 35) Cross your left foot 36) Execute a side kick 137 into the palm of your over your right foot. with your right foot. right hand.

37) Turn 180 degrees into 38) Slide your left foot 39) Step forward into a front stance, throw a back into a walking walking stance and groin finger strike stance and execute a execute a down palm (right). low block with your block with your right left arm. hand.

40) Step forward with 41) Move your right foot 42) Bring both hands your left foot into next to your left and down in a circular horse-riding stance raise both hands motion with your left and throw an elbow above your head with fist striking your strike with left fist palms open. open right palm at enclosed by your right the bottom of this hand. circle. 138

43) Turn 180 degrees to 44) Then execute a low 45) Step forward into the left into front knife hand block with front stance and stance and execute a the same hand. execute a knife hand knife hand strike. strike.

46) Then execute a low 47) Step forward into a 48) Then execute a low knife hand block front stance and knife hand block with with the same hand. execute a knife hand the same hand. strike with your left hand. 139

49) Step forward into front 50) Return by turning to stance and execute an the left 180 degrees arc hand strike with and move back into your right hand and the Ready stance yell "Kihap." (Joon Bi).

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 WTF Taekwondo Black Belt Form 2 - Keumgang

According to the World Taekwondo Federation, Keumgang [meaning diamond] has the significance of "hardness" and "ponder", The Keumgang Mountain on the Korean peninsula, which is regarded as the center of national spirit, and the "Keumgang Yeoksa"[Keumgang warrior] as named by Buddha, who represents the mightiest warrior, are the background of denominating this poomsae.

Ready stance (Joon Bi). 1) Step forward into left 2) Step forward into right front stance, double front stance, right forearm block. upper palm strike.

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3) Step forward into left 4) Step forward into right 5) Step back into left back front stance, left upper front stance, right upper stance, left inward knife palm strike palm strike hand block

6) Step back into right back 7) Step back into left back 8) Look left, lift left leg to stance, right inward knife stance, left inward knife form crane stance, hand block hand block diamond block 142

9) Step 90 degrees to left 10) Step forward with left 11) Step forward turning 180 into horse stance, right foot, turn to right 180 degrees into horse hook punch and left back degrees, horse stance, stance, double forearm elbow strike at same time mountain block block

12) Slide left foot into 13) Turn left 90 degrees, step 14) Lift right leg to form parallel stance, slow into horse stance, crane stance, diamond double low block mountain block, yell block 143 "Kihap"

15) Step forward and spin 16) Lift right leg to form 17) Step forward with right 360 degrees, horse crane stance, diamond foot, horse stance, left stance, left hook punch block hook punch and right and right back elbow back elbow strike at strike at same time same time

18) Step forward and spin 19) Step 90 degrees to left 20) Step forward turning 180 144 360 degrees, horse into horse stance, degrees to left into horse stance, left hook punch mountain block, yell stance, double forearm and right back elbow "Kihap" block strike at same time

21) Slide right foot into 22) Step forward turning 180 23) Turn 90 degrees, lift left parallel stance, slow degrees to left into horse leg to form crane stance, double low block stance, mountain block diamond block

24) Turn 90 degrees, left foot 25) Step forward and spin 26) Return to ready stance down into horse stance, 360 degrees, horse 145 right hook punch and left stance, right hook punch back elbow strike at and left back elbow same time strike at same time

 WTF Taekwondo Black Belt Form 3 - Taebaek

According to the World Taekwondo Federation, Taebaek is the "name of a mountain with the meaning of "bright mountain", where Tangun, the founder of the nation of Korean people, reigned the country, and the bright mountain symbolizes sacredness of soul and Tangun's thought of "hongik ingan"[humanitarian ideal]. There are numerous sites known as Taebaek, but Mt. Paektu, which has been typically known as the cradle of Korean people, is the background naming the Taebaek poomsae".

 WTF Taekwondo Black Belt Form 4 - Pyongwon

According to the World Taekwondo Federation, Pyongwon means a plain that is a vast stretched-out land. It is the source of life for all the creatures and the field where human beings live their life. The poomsae Pyongwon was based on the idea of peace and struggle resulting from the principles of origin and use.

Forms a) Review and master Taeguek 1-8 b) Koreo

Koryopoomse symbolizes "seonbi" which means strong martial art and honest spirit of scholars. The English name of "Korea" originated from the name of this "Koryo" dynasty. The sprit had been inherited through the ages of Koguryo to Balhae and to Koryo, which is the background of organizing the Koryopoomse.

Blocks

The new techniques appearing in Koreo are kodeum-chagi, upheun-sonnal-bakkat-chigi, sonnal- ahrae-makgi, kaljaebi-mureup-nooluh-kkeokki, momtong-hechuh-makgi, joomuk-pyojeok- jireugi, pyonson-kkeut-jechuh-jireugi, batangson-nooluh-makgi, palgup-yeop-chagi, me-joomuk- ahrae-pyojeok-chigi, etc, which only black-belters can practice. The joonbi-soghi is the tong- milgi that requires mental concentration by positioning the hand in between the upper abdomen and the lower abdomen where "sin"[divine] and "jeong"[spirit] converge. 146

Self-defense (see Self-Defense)

MODULE 18 Advanced Kicks and Advanced Movements

Back kick / Horse kick“dwichagi” Here the practitioner turns the body away from the target and pushes the back leg straight toward the target, hitting it with the heel while watching over the shoulder. The turning motion helps to give this kick knock out power. Without proper care, you can “spin out” and lose your balance from using this attack. Hook Kick “huryeochagi” A less popular kick traditionally, it has found increasing favor in modern competitions. The practitioner raises the knee in a fashion similar a side kick then extends the foot outward then snaps it around in a dorsal arc (like a hook); heel must be pulled in, for the strike to work.

Crescent Kick “bandalchagi” There are two variations of this kick: the outer crescent and the inner crescent. 1. Outer Crescent: the practitioner raises the extended leg as high as possible, and slightly up across the body, (a bit across the centerline of the body), then sweeping outward to the side, in a circular movement.

2. Inner Crescent, the motions are the same but the direction of the kick changes, this time originating from the outside of the body, heading towards the inside, or centerline of the body. These kicks are also called “Inside Kick” and “Outside Kick” at some taekwondo schools.

Spin Kicks “bandaedollyeochagi” There are several spinning kicks that involve the rotation of the entire body and head before the kick is released. Spinning kicks includes; spinning hook kick, spinning axe kick, butterfly kick,360 round house kick, 360 spinning hook kick, 360 back kick, followed with other various spin kicks. Tornado kick/360 kicks “HwioriChagi” The exponent steps forward then spins in the direction of their back leg while raising their knee and jumping to perform a spinning inside crescent kick in midair. The alternate version involves an initial round or crescent kick, while the back foot pivots. rotating the body in a 360 motion, the back foot comes up as a knee and swings across giving the momentum for your attacking leg to do a roundhouse kick or an inside crescent kick. Jump Kicks “ttwiochagi” These include jumping front kicks, jumping sidekicks, jumping axe kicks, jumping roundhouse 147 kick, jumping drop kick, flying side kick, spinning hook kick, jumping hook back, followed with a few others. These kicks usually involved bringing the back leg knee up to gain height during the jump and then extending the leg to perform the kick.

MODULE 19 Classroom Management

How to teach a student one on one- 1st Intro Class/private Classes should only be about 30 minutes after warm up (advanced students can do longer). Create a personal connection with the student, make it fun and easy. First lesson should usually be done one on one; this helps the student feel more comfortable in class.

How to teach a class with up to 10 students Personal contact with each student in every class, yes sir and yes maams from all students, nice and loud. Classes should be 45 mins to an hour and can be longer for advanced students. Classes start with a warm up, leading with basic hand and feet techniques. The following should be in this duration: 10 minutes of moving blocks, 10 minutes of form practicing, 10 minutes sparring, and 10 minutes self-defense. This can all be moved around according to your class structure. Eye contact with all students is important.

How to teach a class with 10 or more students with an assistant Eye contact with all students is important be sure to use your assistant, make sure he or she does not stand around. Get them to count, hold targets, do demonstrations and warm ups.90% of the class needs to be taught by the instructor and 10% or less by the assistant. Your assistant should encourage students to say Yes Ma’am and Yes Sir, this improves the class discipline.Classes with over 20 students, two assistant instructors are needed. Make sure you move around the classroom

How to plan a class properly (via a Note Card) Each class should be planned out depending on the rank and number of students coming to each class. Have a weekly layout of class schedule listing the objective of each class.Organize drills according to class size.

How to correct a student in class If a student makes a mistake, do not point at the student or tell him/her in front of the class as this lowers the students’ self-esteem. Instead, stop the class and address the issue to everyone, this way the student who made the mistake will know wheat he/she did wrong.

How to properly start/dismiss class Cha-ryot (attention position), Kyongye (bow), Joonbi (ready stance).This should be done at the beginning and end of every class. Begin the class with the creed, end class with motivational creed. Start class with 10-15 warm-up, end class with cool down stretch. At the end 148 of class make school announcements, hand out newsletters to parents, encourage students to get gear for themselves. End class by doing creed, facing the flag and bowing, stepping three steps back and exiting dojang with bow.

MODULE 20 Student Development

Dealing with Student Issues If a student is having issue in dojang or outside, have a one on one talk with student and parents (if student is 18 years and younger).Discuss the issue, what happened, listen to both sides of the story, talk about future preventions and improvements.

How to Move Students Forward Motivate student on their talent (example; student who can do splits all the way, have them enter the splits club, this motivates the student that they are doing something good). Give stripes when student has learned forms and certain belt criteria. We recommend that you have belt graduations every 2-4 months, and student at this point will feel they are a belt closer to their goal of Black Belt.

Follow Up Calls/Meetings Follow up calls are important when a student is not coming to class, sick, wants to take a break. Communicating while student is on break or hasn’t been coming to class without notice is a negative sign and a slight possibility of them taking a long break which can result in losing a student. Therefore, phone calls are important way to communicate with students. Set up meetings with renewal memberships; go over the program and what they have learned

Missing Student Phone Calls Follow up calls are important when a student is not coming to class, sick, wants to take a break. Communicating while student is on break or hasn’t been coming to class without notice is a negative sign and a slight possibility of them taking a long break which can result in losing a student. Therefore, phone calls are important way to communicate with students.

Parent Meetings Have meetings with the parent, discussing upgrades, student’s progress, and referral bonuses. Try to get parents involved in events, offer free family classes. Get feedback from parents, as it may be great information on how to improve classes, school services, class schedules, etc.

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MODULE 21 Marketing

Logo Design It is very important to get a professional logo for the school. A professional designer can create a logo for less than $100 if you have your ideas together before talking to the designer about the design. Designers should give you a few color combinations. It is a good idea to show a few people the design you like before finalizing a logo. This image is what your students will be working with for years to come, so choose wisely. Business Cards Create business cards. When you’re in public, it is a great way to exchange numbers with new clients. Anytime student needs contact info, business card is most convenient. Leave business cards at local stores, neighbor business stores, equipment wholesale companies, etc. Getting the Work Out Word of mouth is the best form of advertising in Martial Arts. Hand out flyers to local businesses (invite them to a one week free training). Invite family members and friends. Giving good service will result referrals to come in from existing students. Volunteer Teaching It is very important to give back to the community by volunteering at risk kids/teens. Get involved in school programs. Set up demonstration days at schools during their physical education classes. Advertising Doing advertising the right way will show when new clients walk in. 80% of customers come by seeing an ad online, social networking, school flyers, demo teams at schools, free intro class coupons. Another great advertisement is created a face book/twitter page for the Taekwondo School. Checking our facebook/twitter has nearly become a habit, which we check every 4-5 minutes a day. This is a great way to post announcements, school events, school closures, etc. Referral Sign Ups Have incentives for students bringing in new family members, friends, relatives. If a student signs up a family or friend for an example, the student will get $100 school credit, or free gloves, tuition, etc. Bring a Buddy to Class Week Arrange a “Bring Buddy to Class Week” this allows students to bring a friend or family member that is interested in Taekwondo. Buddy is allowed to train for one week free, at the end of the week, program director should talk to student/parent/guardian to discuss programs and class schedules.

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MODULE 22 Business Setup

School Owner or Recreational Club School Owners have more responsibilities, this is more of a full time position you are required to be at the school every day from open to close. Have a lot more finance obligations, number one being lease payments, payroll for staff, electricity, heat/cooling, marketing, advertising, accounting, cleaning, uniforms, this leads to a bigger reward if school is successful down the road.

Recreational Clubs are less risky and require less time and energy invested. They usually don’t demand the rates a full time school will get. The benefits are; less stressful, less lease payment, schedule is more of a part time as rec center has other programs going on; examples of recreational programs are YMCA, your local recreation center, parks, sports facilities, etc.

Creating a Class Schedule At first, you should design two kid’s classes and two adult classes, two to four times a week. Best way to look at how to design a schedule is to search other Taekwondo schools and see what they are offering. Based on your student count, you can add more kid’s classes and have classes running anywhere from 45 minutes to an hour long for beginners and longer classes for advanced belts.

Hiring a Program Director / Being a Program Director As a school owner/taekwondo instructor, one should understand the art of program directing, be able to sell memberships, have a high level of taekwondo background. Program directors need to do the following steps: 1. Make sure student waivers are signed prior to student entering class, for school and students safety. 2. Book appointments for any walk in customers and called in leads 3. Appointments are moved into introductory class 4. Program Director’s role is to complete the sign up 5. Follows up with student, makes sure student is on track on reaching their Yellow Belt 6. Once at Yellow Belt, must sell gear packages for sparring classes 7. Upgradememberships and renewals are a Program Director’s responsibility. 8. Create a personal relationship with all students/parents; this leaves more of a personal connection then a sales deal.

This is a basic overview on business setup. There are many parts of the business that we do not 151 have time to cover that need to be attended to, in order to open properly,(i.e. Accounting, Business licenses, City permits, Software, Insurance, etc)

MODULE 23

Graduation

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APPENDIX

I. Terminology

Korean Counting Basic Body Parts

1 : Hanah Mom : Body 2 : Dool Kwanjeol : Joint 3 : Set Ulgool : face & head 4 : Net muh ree : Head 5 : Dasot Noon : Eye 6 : Yasot Ko : Nose 7 : Ilgop in joong : Philtrum 8 : Yadol Eep : Mouth 9 : Ahop Tuhk : Chin 10 : Yool Mokoomeong : Throat Mok : Neck Counting for forms

Ouka : Shoulder 1 : Il myung chi : solar plexus 2 : Ee Pahl : Arm 3 : Sahm Pahlkup : Elbow 4 : Sah Pahlmahk : Forearm 5 : Oh ahn pahlmahk : inner side of forearm bahkat 6 : Ryook : outer side of forearm pahlmahk 7 : Chil meet pahlmahk : palm side of forearm 8 : Pal wi pahlmahk : back side of forearm 9 : Koo deung 10 : Ship : back of forearm

pahlmahk Sahnmahk : Wrist 153 Sahn : Hand outside edge of hand Sahnkal : (knifehand)

inside edge of hand sahnkal deung : (ridgehand) sahn deung : back hand Joomok : Fist Sahnkahrak : Finger trunk (middle Momtong : section) Huri : Waist lower body (low Ahrae : section) Dahree : Leg Mooreup : Knee bahl mahk : Ankle Bahl : foot (or feet) Bahldung : Instep bahlbong oh ri : arch of foot bahl nahl : outside edge of foot an bahl nahl : inside edge of foot bahl badak : sole of foot ahp chook : ball of foot dwi koomchi : Heel Bahlkeut : Toes

Tenets of TaeKwonDo Body Movements

ye ui : Courtesy mom : movement of the body yom chi : Integrity omgigi in nae : Perseverance Mahki : Block kuk gi : self-control (also "jah jeh") Chagi : Kick indomitable spirit (also Chirugi : thrust (or punch) 154 baekjool : "boolgool eui jung shin") Chigi : strike (with the hand) jeek gi : strike (with the foot)

Tenets of TaeKwonDo Body Movements

Directions bahk gi : strike (with the head) sahn ki : hand technique oo : right (also "oh-ruen") sool joa : left (also "wen") bahl ki : foot technique ahp : Front sool ahn : Inner Kyorugi : Sparring bahkat : Outer Bituro : Twisting stepping (also "omkyuh bahndae : Reverse Gamya : didigi") dwi : Back kuht neun : Walking ahnuro : Inward moving in a particular bahkuro : Outward direction (e.g. "ahp uro Uro : whee : high (up) gamya" - stepping whee uro : Upward forward) guande : Middle bang hyang : changing direction high section (also ulgool : bakoogi "sahngdahn") bitkyuh middle section (also : Escaping momtong : surgi "chungdahn") tdwim yu : Jumping low section (also ahrae : "hahdahn") Dora : to turn Dolmyo : Spinning Rank mee keul sliding (also "mee kul : my gi") Kagup : Rank Jupgi : holding/grabbing Gup : Grade Donzigi : Throwing Dan : Degree Goorugi : rolling/tumbling grading (or promotional) Simsa : Pyihagi : Dodging test Hecho : Spreading simsa : Examiner Moyo : Gathering kwan Bojoo : Covering dan gup 155 : system of rank jedo

Hand Positions Hand Attacks

Sahnkal : Knifehand straight (return) bahro chirugi : sahnkal knifehand with palm punch : jecho up bahndae : reverse punch sahnkal ridgehand (also chirugi : deung "oppun sahnkal") gullgi chirugi : hook punch sahn palm heel (also combination : yung seuk bahtong "bahtong sahn") : (consecutive) chirugi back hand (also punch sahn deung : "deung sahn") doo bun : double punch ah keum chirugi : arc hand sahn sae bun chirugi : triple punch ripping (or raking) sahnkeut galkwi sahn : : spearfinger thrust hand chirugi jipke sahn : pincers hand sewo chirugi : vertical punch Joomok : Fist gotjang chirugi : vertical fist punch deung dolrya chirugi : round punch : back fist joomuk dwijubo : upset punch yup joomuk : side fist chirugi me joomuk : hammer-fist soteum chirugi : spring punch forefinger one-knuckle nehryuh inju joomuk : : downward punch fist chirugi bamchu middle-finger one- chi chirugi : uppercut punch : joomuk knuckle fist upper punch (also jae chuh doo bam : "jae chin : two-knuckle fist chirugi joomuk chirugi") pyun joomuk : flat (or open) fist doo joomuk : doublefist punch omji joomuk : thumb-knuckle fist chirugi `U' (or `C') spearhand (also "pyun dikootja kwan soo : : shaped punch (hi- sahnkeut") chirugi lo) Sahnkeut : Spearfinger 156 double uppercut gawi scissors-shaped sosum chirugi : : punch sahnkeut spearfingers keumgang : diamond-shaped

Hand Positions Hand Attacks

chirugi punch Blocks nalgeh chirugi wing-shaped : punch bahkat palmahk outer forearm : Misc mahki block form ahn palmahk inner forearm : (pronounced mahki block Poomse : "poom- sahng palmahk say"), also : twin forearm block mahki "hyung" ahnuro mahki : inward block bahkuro mahki : outward block ahrae mahki : low block cho kyo mahki : rising block daebi mahki : guarding block dhee : Belt bituro mahki : twisting block dobok : Uniform gahwi mahki : scissors block ha'i : training pants

`9'-shaped block gutjha mahki : (cross block) Hogoo : chest protector `X'-shaped block yeot pero mahki : (also "kyo cha mahki") mountain-shaped santeul mahki : block (also "osanteul mahki") weh santeul part mountain- : mahki shaped block utgallruyuh cross block (also : mahki "utgiruh mahki") scattered block (or hechuh mahki : wedge block) bahtangsahn pressing down : nooluh mahki block

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Kicks Stances

cha olligi : stretching kick Sohgi : Stance jillo chagi : thrusting kick posture (or stance) [used ahp chagi : front kick jah she : instead of "sohgi" in some styles] yup chagi : side kick ahnjun round (roundhouse) : sitting stance dolrya chagi : sohgi kick ahp sohgi : front stance dwi chagi : back kick ahp koo bi front bent knee stance reverse round kick : bahndae sohgi (also just "ahp koo bi") : ("hook kick" for dolrya chagi some styles) dwi sohgi : back stance back round kick dwi koo bi back bent knee stance dwi dolrya : : ("hook kick" for sohgi (also just "dwi koo bi") chagi some styles) cat (or tiger) stance beom sohgi : hook kick (also (also "goyang-i sohgi") gullgi chagi : "golcho chagi" or kuht neun : walking stance "golro chagi") sohgi crescent kick horseback riding stance bahndall juchoom : (literally "half moon : ("kima sohgi" in some chagi sohgi kick") styles) hoohrio mot sohgi : fighting stance : wheel kick chagi kyorugi : sparring stance beet chagi : slant (or instep) kick sohgi bahn dolrya half round kick (also choon bi ready stance (also : : chagi "instep kick") sohgi "pyeonhi sohgi") beakya chagi : slap kick gibon : basic stance ax kick; literally sohgi nehryuh jeek : "downward foot guande gi : middle stance strike" sohgi hwe jun chagi : swing kick naranhee : parallel stance pushing kick (also sohgi mil a chagi : 158 "mil gi chagi") niun ja : `L'-stance gokwang i sohgi : pickax kick chagi gojang : fixed (lower-back)

pyojuk chagi : target kick sohgi stance dolmyo chagi : spinning kick sa sun : diagonal stance tdwim yah sohgi : jumping kick chagi gyuttari fixed balance (or bent : yung seuk combination sohgi knee) stance : chagi (consecutive) kick koh ah : crossed foot stance meekulmyu sliding kick (also sohgi : chagi "mikulgi chagi") kyo cha : `X'-stance goollruh sohgi : rolling kick chagi mo ah : close stance natgeh tdwim sohgi : hopping kick yu chagi joong-rib : neutral stance flying kick (also sohgi nalla chagi : "goong jung chagi") dong yuk : dynamic stance gahwi chagi : scissors kick sohgi cha yun illja chagi : linear kick : natural stance sohgi japgo chagi : holding (grasp) kick chagi falling kick (leg : kicking stance ohpo chagi : sohgi sweep) hahktari crane stance (also "ue nachu oh : : stooping kick sohgi bal sohgi") chagi

Sparring Commands

Kyorugi : (free) sparring cha ryuht : Attention choon bi : Ready round (competition return to starting Jeon : bah ro : segment) position dwi uro Shihap : bout or match : about face dorah Jeum : point Dorah : Turn 159 shi gan : time out Elosoh : Stand keum : out of bounds bahk Gomahn : stop (also "mum cho")

kyong go : warning geuk gi gam hyang ha : face the flag : deduction of point jeum yoh jwa woo shil kyuk : disqualification : face each other hyang woo boo sang : injury sah bum nim : face instructor/master Seung : Win keh bi kim : Tie sun bae nim : face senior student Chung : blue keh Hong : Red simsa kwan : face examiner/tester Hin : white nim keh jajun use of footwork to dodge dobok : : fix your uniform bahl a technique dahnjung body evasion by dhee Nachugi : : fix your belt "ducking" dahnjung class dismissed (also hai sahn : "hae cho") line up (also "ji hap" Jonglee : and "jung yul") bahl bah switch your stance kyung nae : Bow : kwah (switch your feet) Ahnjoe : Sit koo ryung kool o angi : kneel (kneeling) : in your own time op see sit in lotus position bah ro angi : seijak : Begin (yoga posture)

shiuh : Relax

kalyeo : break (or stop)

kae sok : Continue

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Common Phrases

ye : yes (also "ne") anio : No kahm sa hamnida : thank you komap sumnida : less formal form of "thank you" cheon maeneyo : you're welcome (literally "Don't mention it!") cheuk ka hamnida : congratulations! ahnyong hasimnika : How are you? (literally "Are you well?" or "Are you at peace?") ahnyong hasayo : less formal form of "How are you?" hello (used on the phone or to get someone's attention; literally yoboseyo : "Please look here!") ahnyonghee : good-bye (to the person who is leaving); literally "Go in peace!" gasipsiyo ahnyonghee : good-bye (to the person who is staying); literally "Stay in peace!" gyesipsiyo ahnyonghee gasayo : less formal form of "good-bye" (to the person who is leaving) ahnyonghee : less formal form of "good-bye" (to the person who is staying) gyesayo pangap seumnida : Pleased to meet you! toh poepkeseoyo : See you later! eoseo osayo : Welcome! choesong hamnida : I'm sorry mian hamnida : less formal form of "I'm sorry!" shillye hamnida : Excuse me! (asking forgiveness for an impolite act) kwaen chanayo : That's all right ahlge seoyo : I understand moreuge seoyo : I don't understand chaemi isseoyo : It is fun (or interesting)!

161 Titles

kwan jang : Grandmaster nim chung sah : chief instructor (or "chief master") nim sah bum nim : instructor (or "master") more intimate and respectful form of "sah bum nim"; literally "teaching sah boo nim : father" kyo sah nim : teacher (also "seon saeng nim") sun bae nim : senior student hu bae nim : junior student hak saeng : Student suryun saeng : Trainee jeja : Pupil joo sim : Referee bu sim : Judge bae sim : Juror kae sim : time keeper ki rohk : Recorder

Miscellaneous

dojang : place where one trains (house of discipline) gong-kyok : Offense hosinsool : self-defense mukyum : Meditation kihap : Yell jung shin yuk : mental strength, or martial art spirit (also "moodo jung shin") jung shin dong il : concentration of the mind jung shin soo yang : development (training) of the mind jung do : the "right" way (correctness of action) 162 sim shin dahn ryun : mind and body discipline chung myung kwon : development (training) of the body, mind, and spirit

chi shik : knowledge of mind and thoughts heng dong : execution (action) of the body and its techniques pil seung : certain victory ho hyoop : Breathing shim ho hyoop : breathing control (deep breathing) himm : force or power ki : life-energy dahnjun : the center of your "ki" bokboo : the stomach area where "ki" is generated. choong sim : center of gravity chojum : focus (focal point) of your energy jeung ga : increase (to strengthen or augment) kyuk pa : breaking (the art of breaking boards, bricks, and tiles) shibum : demonstration (or exhibition) pyugi : Stretching ye jol : Etiquette jon gyung : Respect choong sung : loyalty (also "eui ri") jung jhik : Honesty

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II. Black Belth Oath

Black Belt Oath

1) I , ______accept with honor and privilege, the Black Belt in Taekwondo, and do hereby swear to uphold the standards of: honesty, integrity, courtesy, high moral code and indomitable spirit. 2) I, sincerely pledge to honor my instructor and school, with loyalty and support, and to value and carry on the Taekwondo Tradition, with respect and dignity. 3) I further pledge, with humility and gratitude, to continue my mental, physical and spiritual growth to the highest level, to lead by example, and to share what I have learned with others 164