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Table of Contents Section 1: The Basics of Hebrew Writing 1 The Hebrew Alphabet ............................................................................................................. 1 2 The Hebrew Vowels ................................................................................................................. 3 3 Syllabification and Pronunciation .......................................................................................... 6 Section 2: The Basics of Hebrew Nouns and Nominals 4 Hebrew Nouns .......................................................................................................................... 8 5 Definite Article and Conjunction Waw................................................................................ 12 6 Hebrew Prepositions .............................................................................................................. 15 7 Hebrew Adjectives.................................................................................................................. 18 8 Hebrew Pronouns ................................................................................................................... 22 9 Hebrew Pronominal Suffixes ................................................................................................ 25 10 Hebrew Construct Chain ....................................................................................................... 31 Section 3: Introduction to Hebrew Verbs and the Qal Stem 12a Introduction to Hebrew Verbs .............................................................................................. 37 13 Qal Perfect - Strong Verbs...................................................................................................... 39 14a Qal Perfect - Weak Verbs ....................................................................................................... 41 14b Qal Perfect - Weak Verbs ....................................................................................................... 43 15 Qal Imperfect - Strong Verbs................................................................................................. 45 16a Qal Imperfect - Weak Verbs .................................................................................................. 47 16b Qal Imperfect - Weak Verbs .................................................................................................. 49 16c Qal Imperfect - Weak Verbs .................................................................................................. 51 16d Qal Imperfect - Weak Verbs .................................................................................................. 52 16e Qal Imperfect - Weak Verbs .................................................................................................. 54 16f Qal Imperfect - Doubly Weak Verbs .................................................................................... 55 17 Waw Consecutive ................................................................................................................... 56 18a Qal Imperative - Strong Verbs............................................................................................... 57 18b Qal Imperative - Weak Verbs ................................................................................................ 59 18c Qal Imperative - Weak Verbs ................................................................................................ 61 19 Pronominal Suffixes on Verbs............................................................................................... 63 20 Qal Infinitive Construct.......................................................................................................... 66 21 Qal Infinitive Absolute........................................................................................................... 68 22 Qal Participle ........................................................................................................................... 69 i ii Table of Contents Section 4: Introduction to the Derived Stems 24 The Niphal Stem - Strong Verbs ........................................................................................... 71 25a The Niphal Stem - Weak Verbs............................................................................................. 74 25b The Niphal Stem - Weak Verbs............................................................................................. 76 26 The Piel Stem - Strong Verbs ................................................................................................. 78 27a The Piel Stem - Weak Verbs................................................................................................... 80 27b The Piel Stem - Weak Verbs................................................................................................... 82 28 The Pual Stem - Strong Verbs................................................................................................ 84 29a The Pual Stem - Weak Verbs ................................................................................................. 86 29b The Pual Stem - Weak Verbs ................................................................................................. 88 30 The Hiphil Stem - Strong Verbs ............................................................................................ 90 31 The Hiphil Stem - Weak Verbs.............................................................................................. 93 32 The Hophal Stem - Strong Verbs .......................................................................................... 96 33 The Hophal Stem - Weak Verbs............................................................................................ 98 34 The Hithpael Stem - Strong Verbs ...................................................................................... 101 35 The Hithpael Stem - Weak Verbs........................................................................................ 103 Final Parsing Exercise - Derived Stems .......................................................................................... 105 Annotated Translation Exercise: Genesis 37:5-20 ......................................................................... 111 Answer Key 1 The Hebrew Alphabet Write out, in order and from right to left, the 23 consonants of the Hebrew alphabet. Insert a Daghesh Lene into the begadkephat letters. א בּ גּ דּ ה ו ז ח ט י כּ ל מ נ ס ע פּ צ ק ר שׂ שׁ תּ Give the final form for the following Hebrew consonants. ךכ םמ ןנ ףפ ץצ List the four Hebrew consonants that are called gutturals. א ה ח ע Give the names and transliterate each of the following pairs of Hebrew consonants. (¬) Bet (∫) and Kaf כ and ב .1 (Gimel (©) and Nun (n נ and ג .2 (˙) He (h) and Óet ח and ה .3 (®) Óet (˙) and Taw ת and ח .4 (Final Kaf (¬) and Final Nun (n ן and ך .5 (Final Mem (m) and Samek (s ס and ם .6 7. שׁ and שׂ Shin (¡) and Sin (∞) (<) Alef (<) and Ayin ע and א .8 (Tet (†) and Taw (t תּ and ט .9 (Kaf (k) and Qof (q ק and כּ .10 (∞) Samek (s) and Sin שׂ and ס .11 (<) Tsade (ß) and Ayin ע and צ .12 (Dalet (ƒ) and Resh (r ר and ד .13 (Waw (w) and Zayin (z ז and ו .14 (Waw (w) and Final Nun (n ן and ו .15 1 Answer Key 1: The Hebrew Alphabet 2 Transliterate the following Hebrew nouns and proper names for which only the consonants have been given. servant) >∫ƒ) עבד .1 Adam, man) <ƒm) אדם .2 earth) <rß) ארץ .3 ∫gold) zh) זהב .4 silver) ksº) כּסף .5 righteousness) ߃q) צדק .6 ¡month) ˙ƒ) חדשׁ .7 word) d∫r) דּבר .8 †judge) ¡º) שׁפט .9 tabernacle) m¡kn) משׁכּן .10 Abraham) <∫rhm) אברהם .11 Israel) y∞r<l) ישׂראל .12 ¬king) ml) מלְך .13 ¬road, way) dr) דּרְך .14 ¬>messenger) ml) מלאְך .15 Answer Key 2 The Hebrew Vowels Give the name and classification for ach of the following Hebrew vowels. For the purpose of showing the position of the vowel, each appears with the consonant בּ (Bet). Vowel Vowel Name Classification Qibbuts short u בֻּ .1 Pathach short a בַּ .2 Seghol short e בֶּ .3 Hireq short i בִּ .4 Tsere long e בֵּ .5 Holem long o בֹּ .6 Shewa no vowel class בְּ .7 Hateph Pathach reduced a בֲּ .8 Hateph Seghol reduced e בֱּ .9 Hateph Qamets reduced o בֳּ .10 (Hireq Yod i-class vowel letter (with Yod בִּי .11 12. וֹבּ Holem Waw o-class vowel letter (with Waw) 13. וּבּ Shureq u-class vowel letter (with Waw) (Qamets He a-class vowel letter (with He בָּה .14 (Tsere Yod e-class vowel letter (with Yod בֵּי .15 (Seghol Yod e-class vowel letter (with Yod בֶּי .16 Qamets long a בָּ .17 Qamets Hatuf short o 3 Answer Key 2: The Hebrew Vowels 4 Transliterate the following Hebrew nouns. man, Adam) <åƒåm) אָדָם .1 ∫gold) zåhå) זָהָב .2 earth) <ereß) אֶ.ֶרץ .3 word) då∫år) דָּבָר .4 †∑judge) ¡øº) שֹׁפֵט .5 people) >am) עַם .6 temple) hê¬ål) הֵיכָל .7 Identify each of the following proper names in English by sounding out the consonants and in a Hebrew proper name is usually rendered י vowels of the Hebrew word. Note that an initial by the English letter “J.” Note that the vowel Qamets Hatuf does not appear in following exercises. Abraham אַבְָרהָם .1 Sarah שָָׂרה .2 Samuel שְׁמוּאֵל .3 Absalom אַבְשָׁלוֹם .4 Canaan כְּנַ<עַן .5 Joseph יוֹסֵף .6 Jonah יוֹנָה .7 Judah יְהוָּדה .8 Nathan נָתָן .9 Jonathan יְהוֹנָתָן .10 Benjamin בִּנְיָמִין .11 Jordan יְַרֵדּן .12 Abel ֶה.בֶל .13 Cain ַק.יִן .14 Aaron אַהֲרוֹן .15 Saul שָׁאוּל .16 Sheol שְׁאוֹל .17 Eli עֵלִי .18 Answer Key 2: The Hebrew Vowels 5 Job אִיּוֹב .19 Daniel ָדּנִיֵּאל .20 Hezekiah חִזְִקיָּה .21 Elijah אֵלִיָּה .22 Solomon שְֹׁלמֹה .23 Moses
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