Monthly Protection Monitoring Report – September 2015

Executive Summary

2845 incidents have been recorded in September 2015. The number has decreased by 6,3% compared to August 2015 pendant, when 3037 incidents were reported.

The territory Incidents per territory of has had the BENI 369 highest 369 number of 639 incidents in NYIRAGONGO 133 September RUTSHURU 919 2015 WALIKALE 416 TOTAL 2845

Incidents per Incidents per alleged perpetrator category of victim

Nombre des cas par type d’incident The majority of

incidents in September 2015 were violations to the right of property and liberty

PROTECTION MONITORING PMS

Province du Nord Kivu

2 | UNHCR Protection Monitoring Nor th K i v u – Sept. Monthly Report

PROTECTION MONITORING PMS

Province du Nord Kivu

I. Summary of main protection concerns

 Throughout September 2015, the PMS has registered 59,8% less internal displacement than in August 2015. This decrease can be justified by the relative calm perceived in significant displacement areas.

 On 17 September 2015, alleged NDC Cheka members pillaged Kalehe village to the Northeast of Bunyatenge and kidnapped around 30 people that were forced to transport the stolen goods to Mwanza and Mutiri, in .

II. Protection context by territory

MASISI The security situation in Masisi was characterised by clashes between FARDC and FDLR, between two different factions of FDDH (FDDH/Tuombe and FDDH/Mugwete) and between FARDC and APCLS. These conflicts have led to the massive displacement of the population from the areas affected by fighting followed by looting, killings and other violations. In Bibwe, around 400 families were displaced, among which 72 households are staying in a church and a school in Bibwe and around 330 families created a new site, accessible by car, around 2km from the Bibwe site. In Kashebere in the groupement of Luberike (Walikale), attacks by APCLS against FARDC led to the massive displacement of the population, estimated 5000 families, towards the MONUSCO base, the health centre, to Kaandja (Masisi) and the surrounding forest. On 22 September 2015, the village of Kaandja (6km from Kashebere) was emptied, around 600 families having left. They have been displaced towards Burora and in the surrounding forest. Additionally, 28 rwandophone families from Itayo and Mulema, located 6km North of Pinga in the groupement of Kisimba were displaced towards Pinga. They run away from threat and violations perpetrated by NDC Guidon that alleged they are associated to FDLR. In the evening of 6 September 2015, a tension among the population was noticeable in Mushaki following the assassination of an ANR (Agence Nationale des Renseignements) who worked in Matanda, in the localité of Bitonga, groupement of Mupfuni Matanda.

WALIKALE In Walikale, the situation has been characterised by the clashes between the Mayi-Mayi Cheka and Mayi-Mayi Guidon in Taka village, localité of Bana Mukobya and the conflicts between FARDC and Mayi-Mayi- Gudon in Mutongo village, localité of Bana Buhini. The Mayi-Mayi Guidon have been demanding illegal taxes in Ndurumo and Brazza villages in the localité of Bana Buhini and Nsindo and Kitika villages, in Bana Matumo, groupement of Ihana. The Raia Mutomboki coming from Isangi village on the Kabunga-Nyanzila road, groupement Bakano, continue to attack motorbike drivers in Nyanzila village, as well as looting the users of this road, kidnapping some people to the forest and forcing them to transport looted goods, as well as hurting the civilians with firearms. A strong tension in the groupement of Waloa Uroba where the Mayi-Mayi Kifuafua coming from Waloa Loanda were strengthened in the area to face an eventual attack by Raia Mutomboki / Toto and Mazombe, allied to NDC Cheka and Mac/Shemakingi from Waloa Yungu to avenge their commander Ngoa that is currently on DDRRR with MONUSCO/. The massive arrival of Raia Mutomboki around the Mpango road, groupement Bakano, coming from Shabunda/South Kivu have been reported as having the supposed objective to reorganize the Raia Mutomboki in this area. Throughout September 2015, the displacement of 836 families was registered, coming from the Kashebere area, groupement of Luberike, towards the surrounding villages, caused by the clashes between APCLS allied to FDLR and the FARDC in the area. Around 321 families have returned to the groupement of Waloa Uroba. 3 | UNHCR Protection Monitoring Nor th K i v u – Sept. Monthly Report

PROTECTION MONITORING PMS

Province du Nord Kivu

RUTSHURU On 7 September 2015, children have found and played with a grenade in the Muramba fields, localité of Nyarukwangara, groupement of Busanza. The explosion of this grenade killed an 11- year-old child and 4 other victims, 2 adults and 2 minors, were seriously injured. In the fighting between FARDC and FDLR, sometimes in coalition with Nyatura FPC, has led to pendulum displacements. Fighting in Kabaya, in the groupement of Kisigari have caused the displacement of around 250 families that have slowly returned, and the fighting in Rubone in the groupement of Bukombo have led to displacements estimated at around 200 families towards the groupement of Tongo. Looting incidents by FARDC were reported in Rubona, Maluho and Rulere villages in the localité of Bukombo while FARDC members withdrew from the positions that they had just taken over from their enemies. 35 people accused by FARDC members of being allied with FDLR were arbitrarily arrested.

NYIRAGONGO On 31 August 2015, two armed criminals carried out an incursion in Buhombo village in the groupement of Munigi and killed a minor in the fields. Two adults were seriously injured by bullet wounds by a FARDC member in their homes. On 6 September 2015, ICCN members launched an attack against FDLR in close to the localité of Mutaho in the groupement of Kibati. During this operation, a woman was seriously injured by a bullet and 3 other civilians were arrested. A woman was killed while attempting to stop fighting that was happening in front of her home on 9 September 2015. On the same day a civilian was hurt by firearms by an armed criminal in his home in Nakaumbi village, in the localité of the same name in the groupement of Buhumba. On 19 September 2015, an incursion by unidentified armed individuals in Hehu village in the gropement of Kibumba was reported. The armed men came from the Eastern side of the groupement, where the Congo-Rwandan border is, and went West. The civilian population is afraid of eventual attacks by FARDC members against these armed individuals. Additionally, criminal activity generates risks to the population of this territory, and violations perpetrated by FARDC continue to be reported.

BENI In the FARDC, with MONUSCO’s support, carries out attacks against alleged ADF. In this context, cases of attacks to vehicles and ambushes have multiplied in the Beni-Eringeti area, and many incidents were perpetrated by alleged ADF during these incidents. A number of new ADF positions were identified and this situation worries the civilian population, especially those who live in the affected areas. Movement by armed individuals was reported in the Eastern part of Beni territory, especialy in the Northern sector of Virunga National park. Taking this situation into consideration, provincial authorities have planned new mechanisms to strengthen the security measures for better civilian protection. Clashes between FARDC and ADF, and also between FARDC and Mayi-Mayi were reported throughout September. On 10 September, motorcycle drivers protested against alleged harassment inflicted upon them by FARDC members based around the Maboya-Mabalako area. Given the scale of the demonstrations, FARDC has strongly supported PNC in their intervention. This situation has caused a number of violations and abuses against civilians. On the same date, armed individuals who are suspected Mayi-Mayi attacked Mamove village. On 22 September, 6 people were kidnapped by alleged ADF while they were transiting towards the Graben area. Since the July attacks, security measures do not seem to reassure residents throughout the entire localité of Mayi-Moya. Almost 13,000 people are thus displaced since 23 July 2015. Located on the main road, the villages of Mukoko, Kisiki, Kokola, among others, have then remained empty. The return of displaced people is slow and cautious. In relation to land-related conflicts, farmers from Mayangose have protested against the measure by ICCN that aimed at relocating them to Ituri. According to the farmers, they have not violated the limits of 4 | UNHCR Protection Monitoring Nor th K i v u – Sept. Monthly Report

PROTECTION MONITORING PMS

Province du Nord Kivu

Virunga National Park. This area has been affected by armed groups, and this question risks to help deteriorating the security situation in the area, as well as to affect Beni city.

LUBERO Certain clashes were reported in Lubero territory throughout September, as well as incursions by armed individuals into villages, followed by violations such as a high number of kidnappings, especially due to the absence or understaffing of security services in the affected areas. On 4 September 2015, alleged FDLR RUD members have forced 7 people to transport food. On 10 September, NDC Cheka looted 10 family homes during an incursion to Katendere village. On 15 September, a 16-year-old boy surrendered to PNC affirming he was part of a Mayi-Mayi armed group that has been recruiting in the cities of Goma, and Beni a well as in Rutshuru and Lubero territories, in preparation for an eventual rebellion in the “Grand-Nord”. NDC Cheka has collected illegal taxes from farmers in a number of localités within the groupements of Lughenge and Musindi. On 21 September 2015, in Vuvatsi village in the groupement of Itala, certain FARDC members were accused of collecting illegal taxes from the population as well. On 24 September 2015 during the night, 7 Mayi-Mayi individuals with 5 firearms carried out an incursion entering civilian homes in Mwikya village in the groupement of Lughongo. On 27 September 2015, an exchange of fire between FARDC and NDC Guidon was reported not far from Kasugho in the groupement of Musindi. The number of victims has not been confirmed. Virunga National Park guards were accused of setting fire to houses in Kinyatsi village in the localité of Musuti in the groupement of Musindi, what allegedly discouraged the population from living in this area. Since the 8th September, FARDC has retaken control of certain villages in the groupement of Itala without violence. From 9 September on, this situation has led to a slow return movement by the population to their respective areas.

5 | UNHCR Protection Monitoring Nor th K i v u – Sept. Monthly Report

PROTECTION MONITORING PMS Province du Nord Kivu III. Analysis of the context

III. 1 Table of incidents per territory

VIOLATION OF THE RIGHT TO VIOLATION OF THE RIGHT TO LIBERTY VIOLATION OF THE RIGHT TO PROPERTY SEXUAL VIOLENCE OTHER PHYSICAL INTEGRITY

Arbitrary Forced Forced Illegal Tax Theft/ Injuries / Other sexual Other Kidnapping Extortion Fire Homicides Torture Rapes Total arrest Recruitment Labour Collection Looting Maiming violence incidents

BENI 44 13 - 36 95 2 5 97 34 21 5 10 3 4 369 GOMA - - - - 1 - - 12 10 - 2 6 2 1 34 LUBERO 62 41 - 50 64 15 13 65 48 1 5 3 0 2 369 MASISI 102 - 1 32 112 65 17 99 80 11 25 18 54 23 639 NYIRAGONGO 26 - - 2 39 13 1 12 5 1 - - 0 - 99 RUTSHURU 140 4 2 198 270 77 - 130 33 5 13 33 11 3 919 WALIKALE 41 10 - 73 101 72 1 43 13 5 12 7 37 1 416 TOTAL 415 68 3 391 682 244 37 458 223 44 62 77 107 34 2845

Comments

 The number of protection incidents has decreased by 6,3% compared to August 2015 when 3,037 incidents were reported.  Even though the number of incidents has generally decreased, we can observe an 11% increase of cases reported in Beni compared to August 2015, when 369 incidents were reported. Likewise in Masisi the number of incidents increased by 9,6% and in Rutshuru by 5% in relation to the previous month. In the other territories the number of incidents has decreased considerably.  The number of cases of kidnapping has increased by 300% compared to August 2015, especially in the territory of Lubero, but also in Beni and Walikale.  The number of intentional burning of property has decreased significantly, by 47%, compared to August 2015 when 71 cases of fire were reported.  In general, the number of homicides has slightly decreased, however in Beni territory the number of homicides has increased from 10 in August to 21 in September, and in Masisi the number of homicides has also increased significantly, from 6 cases in August to 11 in September.  The number of cases of sexual violence has increased considerably. The number of rapes has remained similar to the previous month, but the number of “other sexual violence” has increased from 37 cases in August to 107 cases in September.

6 | UNHCR Protection Monitoring Nor th K i v u – Sept. Monthly Report

PROTECTION MONITORING PMS Province du Nord Kivu

III.2 Table of incidents per alleged perpetrator

VIOLATION OF THE RIGHT TO VIOLATION OF THE RIGHT TO LIBERTY VIOLATION OF THE RIGHT TO PROPERTY SEXUAL VIOLENCE OTHER PHYSICAL INTEGRITY

Arbitrary Forced Forced Illegal Tax Theft/ Injuries / Other sexual Other Kidnapping Extortion Fire Homicides Torture Rapes Total arrest Recruitment Labour Collection Looting Maiming violence incidents

FARDC 125 2 - 270 327 113 2 69 53 10 18 11 10 9 1019 FDLR 12 6 - 51 64 5 - 54 9 2 4 5 1 - 213 ADF/Nalu - 11 - - - - - 1 2 15 - - 0 - 29 Nyatura 8 - 2 1 40 19 - 13 7 2 - 2 10 - 104 Mayi-Mayi 18 43 1 56 85 57 3 37 20 3 11 7 26 2 369 Other AG ------0 - 0 PNC 212 - - - 64 8 - 5 11 - 21 - 3 1 325 Other CIV AT 34 1 - 4 20 35 9 - 8 - 3 2 1 3 120 Civilian pop. 5 - - 8 17 6 5 15 70 5 4 20 44 14 213 Others 1 5 1 65 1 18 264 43 7 1 30 12 5 453

TOTAL 415 68 3 391 682 244 37 458 223 44 62 77 107 34 2845

Comments

 The number of incidents that have allegedly been perpetrated by FARDC has increased by 2,6% compared to August 2015, when 993 cases were reported. FARDC members are reported to have perpetrated the largest number of cases of forced labour, especially during their movements from one place to another.  The number of incidents perpetrated by FDLR has decreased by 15,8% in September 2015 compared to August 2015, when 253 cases were reported.  The number of incidents perpetrated by Mayi-Mayi has decreased by 13,5%, however the number of cases of sexual violence perpetrated by the Mayi-Mayi has increased significantly (+312%), and most of the cases of kidnapping have been carried out by the Mayi-Mayi.  The number of incidents perpetrated by ADF/Nalu has increased significantly. In August 2015 they were responsible for 4 of the reported cases, and in September the number of cases has increased to 29.

7 | UNHCR Protection Monitoring Nor th K i v u – Sept. Monthly Report

PROTECTION MONITORING PMS Province du Nord Kivu III.3 Table of incidents per category of victim/survivor

VIOLATION OF THE RIGHT TO VIOLATION OF THE RIGHT TO LIBERTY VIOLATION OF THE RIGHT TO PROPERTY SEXUAL VIOLENCE OTHER PHYSICAL INTEGRITY

Arbitrary Forced Forced Illegal Tax Theft/ Injuries / Other sexual Other Kidnapping Extortion Fire Homicides Torture Rapes Total arrest Recruitment Labour Collection Looting Maiming violence incidents

Residents 309 30 2 244 491 187 16 350 148 22 39 52 45 12 1947 IDPs 46 20 1 45 53 3 13 52 49 5 16 15 30 21 369 Returnee IDPs 57 18 - 94 126 54 8 56 21 17 7 10 32 1 501 Spontaneously 3 - - 8 12 - - - 5 - - - - - 28 repatriated Refugees ------0

TOTAL 415 68 3 391 682 244 37 458 223 44 62 77 107 34 2845

Comments

 Compared to the previous month, a decrease of 10,4% can be observed in the number of cases where the victims are IDPs. In August 412 cases had targeted IDPs.  In September 2015 residents have amounted to 68,4% of victims, an increase compared to August 2015, when residents were 62,6% of victims of protection incidents.  The number of violatins perpetrated against returnee IDPs has decreased by 27,8% compared to the previous month. In August 2015, returnee IDPs were victimized in 694 cases.  The number of violations perpetrated against the spontaneously repatriated population as well as refugees has remained exactly the same as during the previous month.

8 | UNHCR Protection Monitoring Nor th K i v u – Sept. Monthly Report

PROTECTION MONITORING PMS Province du Nord Kivu III.4 Table of incidents disaggregating gender and age

VIOLATION OF THE RIGHT TO VIOLATION OF THE RIGHT TO LIBERTY VIOLATION OF THE RIGHT TO PROPERTY SEXUAL VIOLENCE OTHER PHYSICAL INTEGRITY Arbitrary Forced Forced Illegal Tax Theft/ Injuries / Other sexual Other Kidnapping Extortion Fire Homicides Torture Rapes Total arrest Recruitment Labour Collection Looting Maiming violence incidents Women 0-4 - 1 ------1 5-11 ------1 - - 4 2 - 7 12-17 2 2 - - 13 10 - - 4 3 - 28 13 - 75 18-59 27 6 - 13 167 58 14 79 52 12 4 44 38 9 523 - - - - 5 - 6 1 1 - - - - 13 60+ Subtotal 29 9 0 13 185 68 14 85 58 16 4 76 53 9 619 Men 0-4 ------1 - - - - 1 5-11 - - - - 1 1 - - 5 - - - 1 - 8 12-17 21 3 2 17 9 8 - 3 8 4 2 1 1 1 80 18-59 359 54 1 353 479 163 22 347 148 22 55 - 51 22 2076 60+ 6 2 - 8 8 4 1 23 4 1 1 - 1 2 61 Subtotal 386 59 3 378 497 176 23 373 165 28 58 1 54 25 2226 Total 415 68 3 391 682 244 37 458 223 44 62 77 107 34 2845

Comments

 In relation to child protection, the protection monitoring system has reported 8 homicides, an increase in relation to the previous month. 6 cases of kidnapping and 2 cases of forced recruitment of minors were reported in September 2015. Additionally, 33 cases of rape of minors and 17 cases of other sexual violence, including forced marriage and sexual aggression, were reported. Children were targeted in 6% of cases reported in September 2015, an increase compared to August 2015, when children were the victims of 1,7% of cases.  In relation to women protection, they have been the victims of 21,7% of incidents and they amounted to 70% of survivors of sexual violence in September 2015. A significant increase of the number of cases of other sexual violence perpetrated against men and boys can be observed.

9 | UNHCR Protection Monitoring Nor th K i v u – Sept. Monthly Report