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External Projection of a “Minority Language”: Comparing Basque and Catalan with Spanish
東京外国語大学論集 第 100 号(2020) TOKYO UNIVERSITY OF FOREIGN STUDIES, AREA AND CULTURE STUDIES 100 (2020) 43 External Projection of a “Minority Language”: Comparing Basque and Catalan with Spanish 「少数言語」の対外普及 ̶̶ バスク語とカタルーニャ語 の事例をスペイン語の事例と比較しつつ HAGIO Sho W o r l d L a n g u a g e a n d S o c i e t y E d u c a t i o n C e n t r e , T o k y o U n i v e r s i t y o f F o r e i g n S t u d i e s 萩尾 生 東京外国語大学 世界言語社会教育センター 1. The Historical Background of Language Dissemina on Overseas 2. Theore cal Frameworks 2.1. Implemen ng the Basis of External Diff usion 2.2. Demarca on of “Internal” and “External” 2.3. The Mo ves and Aims of External Projec on of a Language 3. The Case of Spain 3.1. The Overall View of Language Policy in Spain 3.2. The Cervantes Ins tute 3.3. The Ramon Llull Ins tute 3.4. The Etxepare Basque Ins tute 4. Transforma on of Discourse 4.1. The Ra onale for External Projec on and Added Value 4.2. Toward Deterritorializa on and Individualiza on? 5. Hypothe cal Conclusion Keywords: Language spread, language dissemination abroad, minority language, Basque, Catalan, Spanish, linguistic value, linguistic market キーワード:言語普及、言語の対外普及、少数言語、バスク語、カタルーニャ語、スペイン語、言語価値、 言語市場 ᮏ✏䛾ⴭసᶒ䛿ⴭ⪅䛜ᡤᣢ䛧䚸 䜽䝸䜶䜲䝔䜱䝤䞉 䝁䝰䞁䝈⾲♧㻠㻚㻜ᅜ㝿䝷䜲䝉䞁䝇䠄㻯㻯㻙㻮㼅㻕ୗ䛻ᥦ౪䛧䜎䛩䚹 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.ja 萩尾 生 Hagio Sho External Projection of a “Minority Language”: Comparing Basque and Catalan with Spanish 「少数言語」 の対外普及 —— バスク語とカタルーニャ語 の 事 例をスペイン語の事例と比較しつつ 44 Abstract This paper explores the value of the external projection of a minority language overseas, taking into account the cases of Basque and Catalan in comparison with Spanish. -
Analysys Mason Document
Presentation for Circom’s 31st Annual conference Scenarios for a convergent world: Non-linear TV and the online challenge – Where is the European TV industry heading? 10 May 2013 • Lluís Borrell 2 Confidentiality notice . Copyright © 2013. The information contained herein is the property of Analysys Mason Limited and is provided on condition that it will not be reproduced, copied, lent or disclosed, directly or indirectly, nor used for any purpose other than that for which it was specifically furnished 3 Agenda . Setting the scene Context on linear and non-linear TV The European broadcasting model A structured perspective . The evolution so far Linear TV and audience fragmentation The ‘explosion’ of non-linear TV Putting things in perspective . The policy and regulatory debate moving forward Key issues and leading perspectives in EU Contents 4 Setting the scene The evolution so far The policy and regulatory debate moving forward Setting the scene 5 Linear TV and non-linear TV – do we understand the difference? How is this evolving? (1/2) Element Traditional or linear TV New TV or non-linear TV (in this presentation) Scheduling ▪ Broadcast or scheduled ▪ Non-linear TV or non-scheduled TV or on-demand TV Device ▪ TV set ▪ Time-shifting and PVRs ▪ STB ▪ Multiple devices (primarily TV sets ▪ EPGs increasingly PC, smartphones, tablets) that are connected with sufficiently fast broadband connections ▪ Search engines, apps Consumption ▪ Primarily laid-back ▪ Primarily laid-back consumption (TV) and consumption (TV) long-format viewing, -
PRIX EUROPA Best Television Programme of the Year 2011 THE
PRIX EUROPA TV FICTION PRIX EUROPA Best Television Programme of the Year 2011 THE STRONGEST MAN IN HOLLAND / DE STERKSTE MAN VAN NEDERLAND Nederlandse Publieke Omroep – NPO, !e Netherlands Pieter Bart Korthuis, Maarten Lebens (Authors), Mark de Cloe (Director), Bert Pot (Camera), Brigitte Baake (Commissioning Editor), Alain de Levita (Producer), NL Film (Production Company), KRO Television (Co-Producer) PRIX EUROPA Best Episode of a Television Fiction Series or Serial of the Year 2011 SHERLOCK - A STUDY IN PINK British Broadcasting Corporation – BBC, United Kingdom Steven Mo"at, Mark Gatiss (Authors), Paul McGuigan, Toly Haynes, Euros Lyn (Directors), Steve Lawes (Camera), Beryl Vertue (Ex. Producer), Ben Stephenson (Commissioning Editor), Sue Vertue (Producer), Hartswood Films for BBC, Masterpiece, WGBH (Co-Producers) SPECIAL COMMENDATION NEW VAHR SOUTH / NEUE VAHR SÜD Westdeutscher Rundfunk – WDR / ARD, Germany Christian Zübert (Author) adapted from the book ‘Neue Vahr Süd’ by Sven Regener, Hermine Huntgeburth (Director), Sebstian Edschmid (Camera), Wolfgang Wirtz (Sound), Eva Schnare (Editing), Michael André, Annette Strelow (RB) (Commissioning editors), Lisa Blumenberg, Annett Neukirchen (Producer), Radio Bremen (Co-producer) THE RED BAND SOCIETY / POLSERES VERMELLES Filmax International, Spain Albert Espinosa (Author), Pau Freixas (Director), Julián Elizalde (Camera), Liana Artigal, Regino Hernández (Commissioning Editors), Oriol Maymó, Xavi Resina (Producers), FILMAX (Production Company), Televisió de Catalunya (Co-Producer) PRIX -
The Activities of the Institut Ramon Llull in the Con- Text of Multicultural Collaboration Between Spain and Russia
THE ACTIVITIES OF THE INSTITUT RAMON LLULL IN THE CON- TEXT OF MULTICULTURAL COLLABORATION BETWEEN SPAIN AND RUSSIA M. Moseykina, Y. Moseykin, E. Kargovskaia, V. Kuznetsova Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University) (RUSSIAN FEDERATION) Abstract Language is the main means of communication between people. It allows us to express thoughts and emotions, helps us learn and teach. Language is a basic way of culture and traditions transmitting, as well as solving many other vital tasks. The official motto of the European Union is "United in diversity". This means that the multitude of cul- tures, traditions and languages in Europe is a positive capital for the continent. Undoubtedly European countries are a prime example of linguistic and cultural diversity. In Spain along with Spanish (Castilian) there are four co-official languages: Catalan, Galician, Basque and Aranese. It has not been an easy task to conserve multilingualism in Spain. This is the result of a complex process of deliberate saving of cultural and linguistic identity both between different regions and peoples of Spain and in the international scene. In the European Union, Catalan is the 14th language by the number of speakers, in the other words, it is spoken much more often than languages such as Slovakian, Lithuanian or Danish. Catalan is co- official language in the Spanish autonomous regions of Catalonia, Valencia and the Balearic Islands. Also, it is the only official language of the independent state of Andorra. Moreover, Catalan is spoken in the French department of Pyrénées Orientales and in the Italian city of Alghero in Sardinia. Today, the main instrument for popularizing Catalan culture and conducting activities to the spread of Catalan language abroad is the Institut Ramon Llull. -
Volume 17, No 1, 2016
Volume 17, No 1, 2016 Contents Page Drama without Drama: The Late Rise of Scripted TV Formats 3 Scenes0B from an Imaginary Country: Test Images and the American Color 21 Television Standard Record/Film/Book/Interactive1B TV: EVR as a Threshold Format 44 Restarting2B Static: Television’s Digital Reboot 62 Regulating3B the Desire Machine: Custer’s Revenge and 8-Bit Atari Porn Video 80 Games TVNXXX10.1177/1527476414561089Television & New MediaChalaby 561089research-article2015 Article Television & New Media 1 –18 Drama without Drama: © The Author(s) 2015 Reprints and permissions: The Late Rise of Scripted sagepub.com/journalsPermissions.nav DOI: 10.1177/1527476414561089 TV Formats tvnm.sagepub.com Jean K. Chalaby1 Abstract This article revisits the history of television (TV) formats—concepts of TV shows that are licensed for local adaptations—focusing on scripted entertainment. While the TV format revolution of the 1990s bypassed scripted formats, they have been catching up in recent years. This article analyzes both the reasons for this late rise and the factors behind the recent growth. It argues that the adaptation of scripted formats is more complex, and risks remain higher than for other genres. The underlying economics of their production and distribution also differ from nonscripted formats. The stars aligned when demand for drama increased worldwide, Hollywood studios began to mine their catalogues, new exporters and scripted genres emerged, and knowledge transfer techniques improved. Finally, this paper analyzes the significance of the rise of scripted entertainment in the global TV format trading system. Keywords global television, Hollywood, scripted entertainment, transnational television, TV formats, TV genres Introduction The history of television (TV) formats—concepts of TV shows that are licensed for local adaptations—is now well documented. -
View PDF of Aria
HAWAII OPERA THEATRE By Giuseppe Verdi February 1, 3 & 5, 2008 NEAL S. BLAISDELL CONCERT HALL oahu 2118 kalakaua avenue 808.921.1000, ala moana center 808.942.1148 maui the shops at wailea 808.879.1060 shop gucci.com Director’s Notes by HENRY G. AKINA Don Carlo is often considered Verdi’s most Wagnerian work. It makes use of the evolving structure of the Musiktheater, made so popular by Wagner, and introduces several motives that can be seen almost as Wagnerian leitmotifs. Verdi creates an entire political world set in Spain during the reign of Philip II. The opera follows four members of the Habsburg family: Philip II, King of all the world, son of an Emperor and ruler of a kingdom that “the sun never sets upon." Champion of the Catholic faith, devoted ruler and supporter of the Inquisition. This man rules his empire from a small room in the bowels of the Escurial palace. Likened by his enemies to a spider at the center of its web. At the time of the opera he has married three times. His current wife he married in spite of the fact that she had originally been promised to his son, Don Carlo. This marriage is one of the greatest burdens of his life. He does not know how to love. He is fiercely anti-protestant. His presence is felt oppressively in Flanders, a hot-bed of this new and troublesome movement. He has unleashed his armies and the Inquisition upon them. Elisabetta, Queen of Spain, daughter of Katharina de Medici and the King of France. -
The New Literature from Europe Festival NYC's Largest Literature In
The New Literature from Europe Festival NYC’s Largest Literature in Translation Celebration December 7-10, 2016 NEW YORK – The New Literature from Europe Festival, New York City’s top European literary event, returns in its 13th year to present best-selling, award-winning, and emerging authors from across the continent. The four-day festival welcomes more than 40 authors, journalists, poets and translators in events at bookstores, theatres, and special venues throughout New York City from December 7 to 10. Curated and produced by 20 Square Feet Productions, the programs feature readings, conversations, and panel discussions with European and American literary luminaries. “At a time of division in Europe, the United States, and the world, the Festival provides a unique opportunity for us to come together in celebration of great literature and all that unites us,” says Sean Bye, President, New Literature from Europe Festival. European festival guests include Elena Alexieva (Sofia, Bulgaria), Colin Barrett (County Mayo, Ireland), Ann Cotten (Vienna, Austria), Cristian Crusat (Málaga, Andalusia, Spain), Stefan Hertmans (Ghent, Flanders, Belgium), Susana Moreira Marques (Porto, Portugal), Immanuel Mifsud (Paola, Malta), Mihkel Mutt (Tartu, Estonia), Martí Sales (Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain), Asle Skredderberget (Oslo, Norway), Yoko Tawada (Berlin, Germany), Krisztina Tóth (Budapest, Hungary), Szczepan Twardoch (Silesia, Poland), Matei Visniec (Suceava, Romania) and Tommy Wieringa (Amsterdam, The Netherlands). Joining the festival, alongside our guests from Europe, are best-selling and acclaimed authors, Salman Rushdie, Jhumpa Lahiri, Eliot Weinberger, Deborah Eisenberg, Benjamin Nugent, and Elizabeth Flock; poets Nick Laird, Nick Flynn, and Nathanle Handal; The New Yorker’s Cressida Leyshon; the BBC’s Michael Maher; Open Letter Books’ Chad W. -
La Projecció Exterior De La Llengua Catalana
ANUARIO CERVANTES 05 4/8/06 08:42 Página 383 LA PROJECCIÓ EXTERIOR DE LA LLENGUA CATALANA Maria Àngels Prats Mora l català, llengua romànica que compta amb més de mil anys d’història, és un element d’identitat que compartei- E xen Andorra, Catalunya, les Illes Balears, el País Valencià, la Franja de Ponent, la Catalunya sota administració francesa i la ciutat sarda de l’Alguer. A més, representa una aportació molt preuada a la cultura mediterrània, europea i universal. La política de suport a la llengua catalana i a la seva cultu- fonguin la llengua i la cultura catalanes tant entre el públic ra a l’exterior és clau per a la seva vitalitat i prestigi, ja que en general com a les institucions públiques, especial- contribueix a concedir-li més reconeixement internacio- ment en l’àmbit internacional. nal. Els resultats d’aquesta política s’han fet especialment evidents durant els últims anys amb la presència de la cul- tura catalana com a convidada d’honor en les dues princi- Ensenyament del català pals fires del llibre del món: Guadalajara l’any 2004 i Frank- en l’àmbit universitari furt el proper any 2007. L’organisme impulsor d’aquestes activitats és l’Insti- L’Àrea de Llengua ofereix subvencions anuals a les universi- tut Ramon Llull, el principal objectiu del qual és la pro- tats i als centres d’estudis superiors de tot el món que for- jecció exterior de la llengua i la cultura catalanes en to- min part de la Xarxa de lectorats. Actualment, aquesta xar- tes les seves modalitats i mitjans d’expressió. -
Pen / Irl Report on the International Situation Of
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Ceremony in Poland Recalls Massacre of Ukrainians
INSIDE:• Ambassador-designate to Ukraine speaks — page 3. • Ukrainian War of Liberation re-enacted in Texas — page 10. • New book marks 50 years of Kolomayets’ art — page 12. Published by the Ukrainian National Association Inc., a fraternal non-profit association Vol. LXXIV HE KRAINIANNo. 21 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, MAY 21, 2006 EEKLY$1/$2 in Ukraine YekhanurovT decidesUCeremony in Poland recalls massacreW of Ukrainians by Zenon Zawada he will step down Kyiv Press Bureau PAWLOKOMA, Poland – In the days leading up to the Pawlokoma massacre, from PM’sby Zenon positionZawada Father Volodymyr Lemtsio was advised Kyiv Press Bureau to take his wife and children and flee. He declined. KYIV – With little chance of gaining Andrii Lemtsio, 67, recalled his enough support in the new Verkhovna father’s words: “Where my people are, Rada to support his candidacy for the that’s where I’ll be.” prime ministership, Yurii Yekhanurov For his courageous leadership, the announced on May 12 that he would take Greek-Catholic priest joined the ranks of his seat as a national deputy. 366 Ukrainians systematically murdered Mr. Yekhanurov is currently Ukraine’s by Polish soldiers between March 1 and acting prime minister. He will remain in 3, 1945, in the village of Pawlokoma, sit- his position until a parliamentary coali- uated 25 miles west of Peremyshl in the tion government is able to select a new Nadsiannia region that is now the prime minister, which doesn’t appear to Podkarpackie province of Poland. be likely anytime soon. On the very same soil where blood Coalition-building talks continued to stall was spilled more than six decades ago, as Our Ukraine leaders maintained their the presidents of the two nations opened AP/Efrem Lukatsky refusal to dole out positions before agreeing a memorial on May 13 honoring those on a plan of action, particularly the prime who perished, urging reconciliation and Ukrainian President Viktor Yushchenko pays tribute to the victims of the ministership coveted by Yulia Tymoshenko. -
277 Languages Are Spoken in Catalan
Plataforma per la Llengua Via Laietana, 48 A. Principal 2a 08009 Barcelona Tel.: 93 321 18 03 [email protected] www.plataforma-llengua.cat Introduction 03 INF The language of Gaudí, Dalí and Miró 07 OR Sociodemographic data 11 Culture and media 19 ME Business and branding 25 CAT Immigration 29 50 FACTS Teaching 33 ABOUT THE CATALAN Justice 39 LANGUAGE Officiality and recognition 41 Internet and new technologies 47 2 3 INF OR ME CAT INTRODUCTION The report you have in your hands offers a picture of the current state of an old European language with a rich literary and cultural tradition and millions of speakers in four different countries. And yet, you probably don’t know much about this language because it has a history of oppression, hostility, and silence. I am referring to Catalan, the language of Barcelona, Valencia and the Balearic Islands. In fact, Catalan is the manifestation of what the Plataforma per la Llengua —the leading, independent Catalan language rights organisation— calls the “Spanish anomaly”, referring to Spain’s poor record as regards the respect for cultural diversity and the protection of linguistic minorities. This anomaly could be summed up like this: Spain contains within its borders the largest language in Europe that does not enjoy full official recognition. Catalan clearly is not a minority language, in terms of either the size of its linguistic community (ca. 10 million speakers) or the spheres in which it used — from business to education, from the media to parliament and local councils. Indeed, it is similar to other middle-sized European languages such as Czech, Danish or Dutch. -
Molt De Gust De Conèixe'l.” (Which Means, I’M Really Pleased to Meet You, in Catalan, the Language Spoken by 10 Million People Across Four European States)
CATALAN as part of a Modern Languages programme (http://www.birmingham.ac.uk/schools/lcahm/departments/hispanic/catalan/language.aspx) “Molt de gust de conèixe'l.” (which means, I’m really pleased to meet you, in Catalan, the language spoken by 10 million people across four European states) Catalan is available from scratch. You can study it at 40 credits, alongside: German Italian Japanese Mandarin Chinese Portuguese Russian Spanish English Language Year one Catalan modules Catalan Language and Culture (08869/ 08870) - 20 credits On completion of this module the student will be able to demonstrate above threshold level communication skills in Catalan: read, comprehend, interpret and translate cultural texts and placing them within the wider context of the language and culture of the Catalan-speaking territories. Semester 1: The three weekly hours are distributed between communicative language and grammar classes (2 hours per week) and a parallel culture hour to develop comprehension skills and to provide an introduction to Catalan literature and culture. Semester 2: The three weekly hours are distributed between communicative language and grammar classes (2 hours per week) and a text reception and production hour to develop reading and writing skills and promote the development of independent responses to Catalan literature and culture. The student will also have the opportunity to achieve an extra qualification by taking the International Catalan Certificate issued by the Institut Ramon Llull and held at the University of Birmingham. Iberian Language and Linguistics (22080) - 10 credits The module covers the basic principles of linguistics, with specific emphasis on language change and the minority languages of Spain.