DOCSLIB.ORG

JITB. Profound Proletarian Feelings and Deep Grief, Over 40000 Workers

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
JITB. Profound Proletarian Feelings and Deep Grief, Over 40000 Workers (JITB. profound proletarian feelings and deep grief, Wreaths presented by our great leader Chairman over 40,000 workers, peasants, soldiers, govern• Mao and the Central Committee of the.,Communist ment cadres and students in" the Chinese capital went Party.-of: China carried the inscription: "In mourning to the solemn ceremony in the Working > People's for: Comrade Chou Eri-lai." - Palace of Culture from January 12 to 14 to pay tribute fn the mourning hall;, there were abp^reaths to the-memory of Comrade Chou;En-lai, a great .,pr.o-'v.. -^©m Sther Party and state leaders Comrades Chus-SJshj., letarian .revolutionary of the Chinese people and an- »wang Hung-wen, Yeh Chien-ying, Teng Hsiao7pi|ig, outstanding communist fighter. .'-k-.'-'j f,<|hang Chun-c^aQ^.^oojig CHing Ling, Wei Kuo-ching, ' A solemn atmosphere prevailed* part "'the" "Working • •:E|u Pon^emg^S^lg'/^ing, Hsu Shih-yu, Hte-Kuo- People's Palace of > Culture. A_ portrait; of ••• the late fehg, Chi Teng-kuei,' Wu Teh, Wang Tung-nMig, Chen Comrade- Chou En-lai hung in the middle of the mam Yung-kuei, Chen Hsi-lien, Li Hsien-nien, Li Teh-sheng, Yao Wen-yuan, .Wu Kuei-hsien, Su Chen-hua, Ni Chih- wall of the mourning hall. - Beneath it, amid flowers fu, Saifudin, Kuo Mo-jo, Hsu Hsiang-chien, Nieh'Jung- and evergreens, was the casket containing. Ahg- ashes* of chen, Chen Yun, Tan Chen-lin, Li Ching-chuan, Chang Comrade Chou En-lai, draped , with th^e - Sag. of. the - J Ting-cheng, Tsai Chang, Ulanfu, Ngapo Ngawang-Jigme, Chinese Communist Party: ChineseJPe^ple-s'• LSfera- « Chou Chien-jen, Hsu Teh-heng, Hu Chueh-wen, Li Su- tipn Army fighters stoqd. solsmjj., g&ar^d besidfe^the . wen,'Yao Lien-wei, Wang Chen, .Yu Chiu-li, Ku Mu casket. A tage^iTean^-'a^vthe- enj^-a^ce^;to tte^fell';: and Sun Chien. There also were wreaths from Shen read: "Eternal* gloryj tg^omr^^ C^tT En-lai,--gEeai-v Yen-ping and Pebala Gelieh-Namje, Vice-Chairmen of proletariar#^evolujionar^g5 ^^"^iinese people and *• the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political outstanding commuhisi fighter I'j • -Consultative Conference. _ Peking Eeu\%fc,\Wo;.:;4'' • Comrade Teng Ying-chao, Member of the C.P.C. governments of many foreign countries, diplomatic Central Committee and Comrade Chou En-lai's old missions in Peking, ambassadors to. China and embas• comrade-in-arms and widow, presented a wreath with sies of many countries in Peking, as well as foreign the inscription: "In. mourning _f or comrade-in-arms guests, experts, students and trainees now in Peking. En-lai." They include: Wreaths also were sent by the Standing Committee The Central Committee of the Albanian Party of of the National People's Congress, the State Council, Labour, the Presidium of the People's Assembly of the the. Military Commission of the C.P.C. Central Com• People's Republic of Albania and the Council of mittee, the National Committee of the Chinese People's Ministers of the People's Republic of Albania; the Political Consultative Conference, departments under Central Committee of the Romanian Communist the C.P.C. Central Committee and government depart• Party, the State Council of the Socialist Republic of Romania and the Government of the Socialist Republic ments, people's organizations, the general departments of Romania; the Central Committee of the Communist of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, the P.L.A. Party of Burma; the Central Committee of the Com• Science and Technology Commission for National De• munist Party of Thailand; the Central Committee of fence, various services and arms of the P.L.A., military the Communist" Party of Malaya; the Delegation of the academies, the high military area commands of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Indo• P.L.A., the Party committees and revolutionary com• nesia; the Central Committee of the Communist Party mittees of 29 provinces, municipalities and autonomous of the Philippines; the Central Committee of the Marxr regions, patriotic compatriots of Taiwan Province, the ist-Leninist Communist Party of France; the Central Shanghai Municipal Trade Union Council, and the Party Committee of the Communist Party of Portugal committees and revolutionary committees of Kwang- (Marxist-Leninist); the . Central Committee, of the Rev• chow, Nanchang, Wuhan, Nanking, Chungking, Sian olutionary Communist_Pai-tv of the U.S.A..:..the Central and Yenan. A number of overseas Chinese and com- Committee of the Revolutionary Communist Party Of . patriots from Hongkong and Macao also presented Uruguay; Chairman of the Central Committee of the wreaths. Communist Party • of North Kalimantan Wen Ming The hall also contained a wreath from Comrade Chuan; Chairman of the Communist Party of Germany Kim II Sung sent to Peking by envoys on a special (Marxist-Leninist) .Ernst Aust; the'"Central Committee trip, and wreaths from Comrade Enver Hoxha and of the Organization of the Communists of Italy (Marx• General Secretary of the Romanian Communist Party ist-Leninist); the Central Leading Organ of the Marx• and President of the Socialist Republic of Romania ist-Leninist Organization of the Italian Bolshevik Com• Nicolae Ceausescu. munists; the Austrian Revolutionary Workers' Associa• tion; There also were wreaths from many Marxist- Leninist Parties and organizations, state leaders and President of the Algerian Council of Revolution and Chairman of the Council of Ministers Houari Boumediene; Chairman of the Bur• ma Socialist Prog• ramme Party and . President of the So• cialist Republic of the Union of Burma Ne Win; the French President; the French Prime Minister; Pres• ident El Had] Omar Bongo and the Government and peo• ple of the Republic of Gabon; the Highest > Responsible Member of Revolution Pres• ident Ahmed Sekou Toure and the Gui- nean people; Prime Minister Takeo Miki of Japan; Malian Workers, peasants, government cadres, students and PX.A. commanders and fighters solemnly pay their last respects, to Comrade Chou En-lai. (Continued on p. 18.) ,P:. • 'January- 23. 197-6 (Continued :from.-#. 9.) • • '• > .; • • Diplomatic-envoys--of various countries to^ China President of the Military Committee for National Lib• and diplomatic officials, representative of'the Mission eration, President of the Government arid Head of of the Palestine Liberation Organization in Peking and representative of the' Liaison Office of the United State Colonel Moussa Traore and the whole nation of States of America in China also paid their last respects. the Republic of Mali; the President of Pakistan; .the. Prime Minister of Pakistan; President of the Phi'lip- Taking turns to" receive the foreign mourners in pines Ferdinand E. Marcos, Mrs. Imelda R. Marcos and the hall and extend heartfelt thanks to them were family; Prime Minister Mrs. Sirimavo R.D. Bahdaranaike Party and state leaders Chang Chun-ehiao, Yao Wen- of the Republic of Sri Lanka;.President Habib Bourguifea yuan, Hua Kuo-feng, Wu Teh, Chen Yung-kueL Wu of the Republic of Tunisia; Prime Minister Hedi Kuei-hsien, Ulanfu, Li Su-wen, Yao Lien-wei, Wang Nouira of the Republic of Tunisia; Turkish Prime Chen, Ku Ha and Sun Chien; Head of the International Minister Suleyman Demirel; the British' Prime Minis• Liaison Department of the C.P.C. Central Committee Keng Piao and Minister of Foreign Affairs Chiao Kuaa- ter; Zairian President Mobutu Sese Seko, the ZaMan hua. Government and the entire Zairian people; the Govern• ment of the Republic of Argentina; the Coyetmffiemt ... From Jasaaaary 12 to 14, .giief-strieken workers, and people of Australia: the Government and people peasants, P.L..A. commanders and fighters, government of Canada;' • the Government .of the Kingdom of cadres and people of various nationalities from all Denmark; the Central Committee of the -RevoluKena-ry walks of fife in the capital went to the Working Peo• Front for Independence of East "Timor; the Govern• ple's Palace of Culture in an endless stream from morn• ment and people of the Co-operative Republic of ing.,: till night. Wearing black armbands and white flow• Guyana;. the'Democratic Republie of Madagascar; &he ers of mourning and in tears, they filed slowly into the Kingdom of the "Netherlands", the Government an# hall, amid funeral music played by a military band and people; of New Zealand;'the Government of the King• stood in silent tribute before the late- Premier's por• dom .of Norway; the Peruvian. Government.and people; trait. They expressed their determination-to-leai-n from the. Government and people of the Kingdom of Comrade Chou En-lai's boundless loyalty to Marxism- Thailand; the Government and .people of "Yugoslavia; leninism-Mao Tsetung Thought, his selfless spirit in former Japanese '* Prime Minister KaEuei Tanaka.;. work, his noble revolutionary qualities of serving the Foreign Minister A- BouteSika of the Algerian -Council people wholeheartedly, his staunchness in fighting the of Revolution; the Philippine Foreign Minister, and enemy and Ms strong proletarian Party spirit. They the Philippine Acting Foreign Minister; Member of the pledged to turn their grief Into strength and, under •Japanese. House of Representatives Masayoshl Ghira; the leadership" of the "Party Central "Committee -headed Member of fee Japanese House of Representatives by our great leader Chairman Mao, unite as one, take Shigeru Hon; Chairman of the Central Executive Com- class -struggle as the key. link, conscientiously; study •niittee?of the'Japanese Socialist Party Tomomi Narita. the theory of the dictatorship of 'the proletariat, keep to the Party's basic line, persevere in continuing the More than 2,0fl0 foreign friends now visiting Peking revolution under the dictatorship of the proletariat, or stationed in Peking went to the Working People's adhere to Chairman Mao's revolutionary line and poli• Palace of Culture to mourn for Premier Chou En-lai.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • How China's Leaders Think: the Inside Story of China's Past, Current
    bindex.indd 540 3/14/11 3:26:49 PM China’s development, at least in part, is driven by patriotism and pride. The Chinese people have made great contributions to world civilization. Our commitment and determination is rooted in our historic and national pride. It’s fair to say that we have achieved some successes, [nevertheless] we should have a cautious appraisal of our accomplishments. We should never overestimate our accomplish- ments or indulge ourselves in our achievements. We need to assess ourselves objectively. [and aspire to] our next higher goal. [which is] a persistent and unremitting process. Xi Jinping Politburo Standing Committee member In the face of complex and ever-changing international and domes- tic environments, the Chinese Government promptly and decisively adjusted our macroeconomic policies and launched a comprehensive stimulus package to ensure stable and rapid economic growth. We increased government spending and public investments and imple- mented structural tax reductions. Balancing short-term and long- term strategic perspectives, we are promoting industrial restructuring and technological innovation, and using principles of reform to solve problems of development. Li Keqiang Politburo Standing Committee member I am now serving my second term in the Politburo. President Hu Jintao’s character is modest and low profile. we all have the high- est respect and admiration for him—for his leadership, perspicacity and moral convictions. Under his leadership, complex problems can all get resolved. It takes vision to avoid major conflicts in soci- ety. Income disparities, unemployment, bureaucracy and corruption could cause instability. This is the Party’s most severe test.
    [Show full text]
  • China Data Supplement
    China Data Supplement October 2008 J People’s Republic of China J Hong Kong SAR J Macau SAR J Taiwan ISSN 0943-7533 China aktuell Data Supplement – PRC, Hong Kong SAR, Macau SAR, Taiwan 1 Contents The Main National Leadership of the PRC ......................................................................... 2 LIU Jen-Kai The Main Provincial Leadership of the PRC ..................................................................... 29 LIU Jen-Kai Data on Changes in PRC Main Leadership ...................................................................... 36 LIU Jen-Kai PRC Agreements with Foreign Countries ......................................................................... 42 LIU Jen-Kai PRC Laws and Regulations .............................................................................................. 45 LIU Jen-Kai Hong Kong SAR................................................................................................................ 54 LIU Jen-Kai Macau SAR....................................................................................................................... 61 LIU Jen-Kai Taiwan .............................................................................................................................. 66 LIU Jen-Kai ISSN 0943-7533 All information given here is derived from generally accessible sources. Publisher/Distributor: GIGA Institute of Asian Studies Rothenbaumchaussee 32 20148 Hamburg Germany Phone: +49 (0 40) 42 88 74-0 Fax: +49 (040) 4107945 2 October 2008 The Main National Leadership of the
    [Show full text]
  • Issue 1 2013
    ISSUE 1 · 2013 NPC《中国人大》对外版 CHAIRMAN ZHANG DEJIANG VOWS TO PROMOTE SOCIALIST DEMOCRACY, RULE OF LAW ISSUE 4 · 2012 1 Chairman of the NPC Standing Committee Zhang Dejiang (7th, L) has a group photo with vice-chairpersons Zhang Baowen, Arken Imirbaki, Zhang Ping, Shen Yueyue, Yan Junqi, Wang Shengjun, Li Jianguo, Chen Changzhi, Wang Chen, Ji Bingxuan, Qiangba Puncog, Wan Exiang, Chen Zhu (from left to right). Ma Zengke China’s new leadership takes 6 shape amid high expectations Contents Special Report Speech In–depth 6 18 24 China’s new leadership takes shape President Xi Jinping vows to bring China capable of sustaining economic amid high expectations benefits to people in realizing growth: Premier ‘Chinese dream’ 8 25 Chinese top legislature has younger 19 China rolls out plan to transform leaders Chairman Zhang Dejiang vows government functions to promote socialist democracy, 12 rule of law 27 China unveils new cabinet amid China’s anti-graft efforts to get function reform People institutional impetus 15 20 28 Report on the work of the Standing Chairman Zhang Dejiang: ‘Power China defense budget to grow 10.7 Committee of the National People’s should not be aloof from public percent in 2013 Congress (excerpt) supervision’ 20 Chairman Zhang Dejiang: ‘Power should not be aloof from public supervision’ Doubling income is easy, narrowing 30 regional gap is anything but 34 New age for China’s women deputies ISSUE 1 · 2013 29 37 Rural reform helps China ensure grain Style changes take center stage at security Beijing’s political season 30 Doubling
    [Show full text]
  • 2008 UPRISING in TIBET: CHRONOLOGY and ANALYSIS © 2008, Department of Information and International Relations, CTA First Edition, 1000 Copies ISBN: 978-93-80091-15-0
    2008 UPRISING IN TIBET CHRONOLOGY AND ANALYSIS CONTENTS (Full contents here) Foreword List of Abbreviations 2008 Tibet Uprising: A Chronology 2008 Tibet Uprising: An Analysis Introduction Facts and Figures State Response to the Protests Reaction of the International Community Reaction of the Chinese People Causes Behind 2008 Tibet Uprising: Flawed Tibet Policies? Political and Cultural Protests in Tibet: 1950-1996 Conclusion Appendices Maps Glossary of Counties in Tibet 2008 UPRISING IN TIBET CHRONOLOGY AND ANALYSIS UN, EU & Human Rights Desk Department of Information and International Relations Central Tibetan Administration Dharamsala - 176215, HP, INDIA 2010 2008 UPRISING IN TIBET: CHRONOLOGY AND ANALYSIS © 2008, Department of Information and International Relations, CTA First Edition, 1000 copies ISBN: 978-93-80091-15-0 Acknowledgements: Norzin Dolma Editorial Consultants Jane Perkins (Chronology section) JoAnn Dionne (Analysis section) Other Contributions (Chronology section) Gabrielle Lafitte, Rebecca Nowark, Kunsang Dorje, Tsomo, Dhela, Pela, Freeman, Josh, Jean Cover photo courtesy Agence France-Presse (AFP) Published by: UN, EU & Human Rights Desk Department of Information and International Relations (DIIR) Central Tibetan Administration (CTA) Gangchen Kyishong Dharamsala - 176215, HP, INDIA Phone: +91-1892-222457,222510 Fax: +91-1892-224957 Email: [email protected] Website: www.tibet.net; www.tibet.com Printed at: Narthang Press DIIR, CTA Gangchen Kyishong Dharamsala - 176215, HP, INDIA ... for those who lost their lives, for
    [Show full text]
  • Final Program of CCC2020
    第三十九届中国控制会议 The 39th Chinese Control Conference 程序册 Final Program 主办单位 中国自动化学会控制理论专业委员会 中国自动化学会 中国系统工程学会 承办单位 东北大学 CCC2020 Sponsoring Organizations Technical Committee on Control Theory, Chinese Association of Automation Chinese Association of Automation Systems Engineering Society of China Northeastern University, China 2020 年 7 月 27-29 日，中国·沈阳 July 27-29, 2020, Shenyang, China Proceedings of CCC2020 IEEE Catalog Number: CFP2040A -USB ISBN: 978-988-15639-9-6 CCC2020 Copyright and Reprint Permission: This material is permitted for personal use. For any other copying, reprint, republication or redistribution permission, please contact TCCT Secretariat, No. 55 Zhongguancun East Road, Beijing 100190, P. R. China. All rights reserved. Copyright@2020 by TCCT. 目录 (Contents) 目录 (Contents) ................................................................................................................................................... i 欢迎辞 (Welcome Address) ................................................................................................................................1 组织机构 (Conference Committees) ...................................................................................................................4 重要信息 (Important Information) ....................................................................................................................11 口头报告与张贴报告要求 (Instruction for Oral and Poster Presentations) .....................................................12 大会报告 (Plenary Lectures).............................................................................................................................14
    [Show full text]
  • Maryland Series in Contemporary Asian Studies Number 3
    Maryland Series in Contemporary Asian Studies Number 3 - 2009 0 98) Maryland Series in Contemporary Asian Studies General Editor: Hungdah CHIU Executive Editor: Chih-Yu T. WU Associate Editor: Matthew Lyon Managing Editor: Chih-Yu T. WU Assistant Editor: Timothy A. Costello Jinho SUH Editorial Advisory Board Professor Robert A. Scalapino, University of California at Berkeley Professor Bih-jaw LIN, National Chengchi University Dr. Ying-jeou MA, Chinese Society of International Law Professor Toshio SAWADA, Sophia University, Japan All contributions (in English only) and communications should be sent to: Chih-Yu T. WU University of Maryland School of Law 500 West Baltimore Street Baltimore, Maryland 21201-1786, USA All publications in this series reflect only the views of the authors. While the editor accepts responsibility for the selection of materials to be published, the individual author is responsible for statements of facts and expressions of opinion contained therein. Subscription is US $40.00 per year for 4 issues (regardless of the price of individual issues) in the United States and $45.00 for Canada or overseas. Checks should be addressed to MSCAS. Tel.: (410) 706-3870 Fax: (410) 706-1516 Price for single copy of this issue: US $15.00 ISSN 0730-0107 ISBN 1-932330-28-3 © Maryland Series in Contemporary Asian Studies, Inc. "ALL THAT GLITTERS IS NOT GOLD": TIBET AS A PSEUDO-STATE Barry Sautman* TABLE OF CONTENTS I. INTRODUCTION: THE CONTINUING CLAIM OF TIBETAN STATEHOOD ........................ 3 II. IS INTERNATIONAL LAW RELEVANT TO THE QUESTION OF TIBETAN STATEHOOD? ......... 12 III. "OLD TIBET" AS FIT TO BE INDEPENDENT ..
    [Show full text]
  • The CCP Central Committee's Leading Small Groups Alice Miller
    Miller, China Leadership Monitor, No. 26 The CCP Central Committee’s Leading Small Groups Alice Miller For several decades, the Chinese leadership has used informal bodies called “leading small groups” to advise the Party Politburo on policy and to coordinate implementation of policy decisions made by the Politburo and supervised by the Secretariat. Because these groups deal with sensitive leadership processes, PRC media refer to them very rarely, and almost never publicize lists of their members on a current basis. Even the limited accessible view of these groups and their evolution, however, offers insight into the structure of power and working relationships of the top Party leadership under Hu Jintao. A listing of the Central Committee “leading groups” (lingdao xiaozu 领导小组), or just “small groups” (xiaozu 小组), that are directly subordinate to the Party Secretariat and report to the Politburo and its Standing Committee and their members is appended to this article. First created in 1958, these groups are never incorporated into publicly available charts or explanations of Party institutions on a current basis. PRC media occasionally refer to them in the course of reporting on leadership policy processes, and they sometimes mention a leader’s membership in one of them. The only instance in the entire post-Mao era in which PRC media listed the current members of any of these groups was on 2003, when the PRC-controlled Hong Kong newspaper Wen Wei Po publicized a membership list of the Central Committee Taiwan Work Leading Small Group. (Wen Wei Po, 26 December 2003) This has meant that even basic insight into these groups’ current roles and their membership requires painstaking compilation of the occasional references to them in PRC media.
    [Show full text]
  • The Power of Social Media in China: the Government, Websites
    The Power of Social Media in China: The Government, Websites and Netizens on Weibo WANG TONG A Thesis Submitted for the Degree of Master of Social Sciences in the Department of Political Science, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF SINGAPORE ©2012 Acknowledgments “Travel or study, either your body or your soul must be on the way.” Inspired by the motto of my life, two years ago, I decided to take a break from my work in Beijing as a journalist to attend graduate school. For me, the last two years have been a challenging intellectual journey in a foreign country, with many sleepless nights, and solitary days in the library. But I have no regrets for having chosen the difficult path, not least because I have learned a lot from the bittersweet experience. Gradually but surprisingly, I have cultivated an appreciation for the abstract, and have developed a contemplative mind. I believe the value of these hard-acquired skills goes far beyond academic life. I express great respect and gratitude to my supervisor, Professor Zheng Yongnian. Without his patient guidance and advice, I would not have been able to even make a modicum of scholastic achievements. I am particularly thankful to him for encouraging me to freely explore my research topic, for his indefatigable guidance on how to approach academic literature and conceptual framework, and for his immensely useful advice that I should maintain an independent mind when reading. He taught me to think like a scholar and, most importantly, his unparalleled insights into contemporary China studies have deeply influenced me during my thesis writing process.
    [Show full text]
  • Xi Jinping's Inner Circle (Part 2: Friends from Xi's Formative Years)
    Xi Jinping’s Inner Circle (Part 2: Friends from Xi’s Formative Years) Cheng Li The dominance of Jiang Zemin’s political allies in the current Politburo Standing Committee has enabled Xi Jinping, who is a protégé of Jiang, to pursue an ambitious reform agenda during his first term. The effectiveness of Xi’s policies and the political legacy of his leadership, however, will depend significantly on the political positioning of Xi’s own protégés, both now and during his second term. The second article in this series examines Xi’s longtime friends—the political confidants Xi met during his formative years, and to whom he has remained close over the past several decades. For Xi, these friends are more trustworthy than political allies whose bonds with Xi were built primarily on shared factional association. Some of these confidants will likely play crucial roles in helping Xi handle the daunting challenges of the future (and may already be helping him now). An analysis of Xi’s most trusted associates will not only identify some of the rising stars in the next round of leadership turnover in China, but will also help characterize the political orientation and worldview of the influential figures in Xi’s most trusted inner circle. “Who are our enemies? Who are our friends?” In the early years of the Chinese Communist movement, Mao Zedong considered this “a question of first importance for the revolution.” 1 This question may be even more consequential today, for Xi Jinping, China’s new top leader, than at any other time in the past three decades.
    [Show full text]
  • The Communist Party of China: I • Party Powers and Group Poutics I from the Third Plenum to the Twelfth Party Congress
    \ 1 ' NUMBER 2- 1984 (81) NUMBER 2 - 1984 (81) THE COMMUNIST PARTY OF CHINA: I • PARTY POWERS AND GROUP POUTICS I FROM THE THIRD PLENUM TO THE TWELFTH PARTY CONGRESS Hung-mao Tien School of LAw ~ of MAaylANCI • ' Occasional Papers/Reprint Series in Contemporary Asian Studies General Editor: Hungdah Chiu Executive Editor: Mitchell A. Silk Managing Editor: Shirley Lay Editorial Advisory Board Professor Robert A. Scalapino, University of California at Berkeley Professor Martin Wilbur, Columbia University Professor Gaston J. Sigur, George Washington University Professor Shao-chuan Leng, University of Virginia Professor Lawrence W. Beer, Lafayette College Professor James Hsiung, New York University Dr. Lih-wu Han, Political Science Association of the Republic of China Professor J. S. Prybyla, The Pennsylvania State University Professor Toshio Sawada, Sophia University, Japan Professor Gottfried-Karl Kindermann, Center for International Politics, University of Munich, Federal Republic of Germany Professor Choon-ho Park, College of Law and East Asian Law of the Sea Institute, Korea University, Republic of Korea Published with the cooperation of the Maryland International Law Society All contributions (in English only) and communications should be sent to Professor Hungdah Chiu, University of Maryland School of Law, 500 West Baltimore Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21201 USA. All publications in this series reflect only the views of the authors. While the editor accepts responsibility for the selection of materials to be published, the individual author is responsible for statements of facts and expressions of opinion contained therein. Subscription is US $10.00 for 6 issues (regardless of the price of individual issues) in the United States and Canada and $12.00 for overseas.
    [Show full text]
  • Human Rights in China and US Policy
    Human Rights in China and U.S. Policy: Issues for the 117th Congress Updated March 31, 2021 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R45956 SUMMARY R45956 Human Rights in China and U.S. Policy: Issues March 31, 2021 for the 117th Congress Thomas Lum U.S. concern over human rights in China has been a central issue in U.S.-China relations, Specialist in Asian Affairs particularly since the Tiananmen crackdown in 1989. In recent years, human rights conditions in the People’s Republic of China (PRC) have deteriorated, while bilateral tensions related to trade Michael A. Weber and security have increased, possibly creating both constraints and opportunities for U.S. policy Analyst in Foreign Affairs on human rights. After consolidating power in 2013, Chinese Communist Party General Secretary and State President Xi Jinping intensified and expanded the reassertion of party control over society that began toward the end of the term of his predecessor, Hu Jintao. Since 2017, the government has enacted new laws that place further restrictions on civil society in the name of national security, authorize greater controls over minority and religious groups, and further constrain the freedoms of PRC citizens. Government methods of social and political control are evolving to include the widespread use of sophisticated surveillance and big data technologies. Arrests of human rights advocates and lawyers intensified in 2015, followed by party efforts to instill ideological conformity across various spheres of society. In 2016, President Xi launched a policy known as “Sinicization,” under which the government has taken additional measures to compel China’s religious practitioners and ethnic minorities to conform to Han Chinese culture, support China’s socialist system as defined by the Communist Party, abide by Communist Party policies, and reduce ethnic differences and foreign influences.
    [Show full text]
  • Hu Jintao and the Central Party Apparatus
    Hu Jintao and the Central Party Apparatus Lyman Miller Nearly three years into his tenure as top leader of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), Hu Jintao has yet to make substantial progress in consolidating his power over the key organs of the central party apparatus. Hu’s predecessor Jiang Zemin had also moved cautiously and with limited success to place political subordinates into these posts, at a comparable point in his tenure. Soon after consolidating his position at the top of the PRC political order, however, Jiang moved more quickly to promote his associates in the central party apparatus. Now that Hu has completed a comparable transition, he may move more assertively to do the same, especially as 2007 and the 17th Party Congress approach. The central party apparatus is composed of a more than a dozen departments and organs under the party Central Committee that feed into Politburo decision making and implement leadership policy decisions throughout China’s political order. The core cluster of these organs includes the General Office and four departments (bu 部) in functional areas—the Organization, Propaganda, United Front Work, and International Liaison Departments. In addition, there are three centers (yanjiushi 研究室) for policy support— the Policy Research Center, the Party History Research Center, and the Party Documents Research Center—and two mouthpieces that publish in the name of the Central Committee: the newspaper People’s Daily (Renmin ribao 人民日报) and the semimonthly policy journal Seeking Truth (Qiushi 求是) Finally, the Central Party School belongs among the core central party organs. In addition to these core Central Committee organs in the central party apparatus, the formal table of organization includes several committees (weiyuanhui 委员会) that coordinate specific issues—such as the Central Committee for Comprehensive Management of Social Order, the Central Secrecy Committee, and the Central Committee for Guiding Spiritual Civilization Construction—whose existence is routinely acknowledged in PRC media.
    [Show full text]