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May 2003 We Proceeded on ! 1 Letters Reflections on Charlottesville Kickoff Contents Letters: Charlottesville; astronaut; fuzzy math; bears; novel 2 From the Directors: Old words, new challenge 4 From the Bicentennial Council: L&C as a lens on history 5 Eagle Feather Goes to Washington 10 The Arikara’s journey and his untimely demise had long-term consequences for U.S.-Indian relations By Mark Chalkley Charlottesville Journal 13 A cold but inspiring kickoff for the L&C Bicentennial Photo Essay by Taylor Haynes Washington, p. 11 On the Rivers with Lewis and Clark 17 The Corps of Discovery rowed, towed, paddled, poled and sailed more than 9,000 miles By Verne Huser Meriwether Lewis’s Ingenious Iron Boat 25 “The Experiment,” whose design owed much to the bark canoe, was a brilliant concept but a practical failure By Mark W. Jordan Reviews 36 Exploring Lewis and Clark; Brian Hall’s novel; Moore and Haynes; Slosberg CD. In Brief: Fincastle; L&C glossary; Hamilton’s Charlottesville, p. 15 six-volume set; Sierra Club trail guide; two new cookbooks L&C Roundup 46 Olson moves on; extending the L&C Trail; Cathlapotle project; L&C in other publications; for the record Passages 48 LCTHF co-founder Bill Sherman On the cover We chose Lewis and Clark on the Lower Columbia, painted in 1905 by Charles M. Russell, for the cover because of its obvious tie-in with “On the Rivers with Lewis and Clark,” Verne Huser’s article about the Corps of Discovery’s watercraft, which begins on page 17. (Painting courtesy the Amon Carter Museum, Fort Worth, Texas.) Russell’s depiction of the explorers’ encounter with Pacific Coast Indians is full of drama but contains errors of fact and historical interpretation. Would readers care to comment? Iron Boat , p. 25 May 2003 We Proceeded On ! 1 Letters Reflections on Charlottesville kickoff May 2003 • Volume 29, Number 2 In January, I attended the first few days Locke—a talented and charismatic mu- We Proceeded On is the official publication of of the inaugural event of the Lewis and sician—in a high-school gym several the Lewis and Clark Trail Heritage Foundation, Clark Bicentennial, in Charlottesville, miles outside of town. Inc. Its name derives from a phrase that appears Virginia—a memorable experience. Assessing the overall gathering, I’d repeatedly in the collective journals of the The opening ceremonies, held in have to agree with the conclusion of a expedition. 2003 bright sunlight but bone-chilling cold at tribal chairman at the event, who said, E. G. Chuinard, M.D., Founder Monticello, were mercifully short. They “The Indians stole the show.” ISSN 02275-6706 made a strong impression despite the MARK CHALKLEY frigid conditions, including as they did Baltimore, Md. Editor the arresting juxtaposition of Jefferson’s J. I. Merritt neoclassical mansion and chanting drum- 51 N. Main Street mers from the Blackfeet, Arikara, and Pennington, NJ 08534 Mandan nations. It must have been the Present at the creation 609-818-0168 [email protected] first time such sounds were heard in that The Lewis and Clark Trail Heritage place. An especially striking touch was Foundation’s involvement with the Lewis Art Direction supplied by a color guard of Native- and Clark Bicentennial began in August Margaret Davis Design Princeton, New Jersey American veterans of the Vietnam era, 1988. President John Montague (Oregon) who presented the flags of various tribes reported that the Board had established Printed by James Printing & Design, while the mixed crowd of Lewis and a Bicentennial Celebration Committee. Trooper, Pennsylvania Clark enthusiasts, costumed Corps of Jerry Garrett (Missouri) served as first Editorial Board Discovery reenactors, and media repre- chairman. sentatives looked on. On Saturday, January 18, 2003, the Gary E. Moulton, Leader At one point I found myself in a room long-dreamed-of, three-year bicenten- Lincoln, Nebraska where I could see a braided Blackfeet or nial commemoration began on the West Robert C. Carriker Shawnee tribesman in easy hailing dis- Lawn at Monticello. In the audience that Spokane, Washington tance from one of William Clark’s de- afternoon were four members of the Robert K. Doerk, Jr. scendants, distinctive in his handlebar Foundation’s original Bicentennial Fort Benton, Montana moustache. Committee: Garrett, Bob Gatten (North Glen Lindeman Although everyone got along well, I Carolina), Ruth Backer (New Jersey), Pullman, Washington sensed an underlying (and explicitly ac- and Ron Laycock (Minnesota). knowledged) presence of two different Other members of the original com- Membership Information and not wholly compatible “takes” on the mittee were David Boyd (Maryland), Ray expedition and the westward expansion Breun (Missouri), Dan Chatfield (Mis- Membership in the Lewis and Clark Trail that followed in its wake: the pride and souri), John Montague (Oregon), Kath- Heritage Foundation, Inc. is open to the public. Information and applications are available by enthusiasm of people (mostly European- ryn and Chet Robinson (Texas), and writing Membership Coordinator; Lewis and Americans) who embrace it as a great ad- Eleanor Ward (California). Clark Trail Heritage Foundation, P.O. Box venture of discovery, and the concerns of JERRY GARRETT 3434, Great Falls, MT 59403. many others (mostly Native Americans) St. Louis, Mo. We Proceeded On, the quarterly magazine of who view its consequences with a great the Foundation, is mailed to current members sense of loss. in February, May, August, and November. For me, one of the highlights of the L&C inspired astronaut commemoration was seeing and hearing Annual Membership Categories author William Least Heat Moon, who When Meriwether Lewis and William Student $30 spoke at a morning panel on “Experiences Clark set out to explore the western half Individual/Library/Nonprofit $40 of Writers on the Lewis and Clark Trail.” of the North American continent in 1804, Family/International/Business $55 He is nearly as compelling a speaker as they could not imagine that two hundred Heritage Club $75 he is a writer. I also enjoyed the remarks years later a young woman born thou- Explorer Club $150 Jefferson Club $250 of Dayton Duncan, Stephenie Ambrose sands of miles from the United States Discovery Club $500 Tubbs, and historical novelist James would find courage from their example Expedition Club $1,000 Thom, who regaled us with descriptions to join a very different kind of explor- Leadership Club $2,500 of his more extreme research techniques, atory mission—one in outer space. which have included wading hip-deep in Astronaut Kalpana Chawla’s journey The Lewis and Clark Trail Heritage Foundation, Inc. freezing swamps and eating worms. began far from American soil. She was is a tax-exempt nonprofit corporation. Individual membership dues are not tax deductible. The portion I was also part of a large crowd that born in India on July 1, 1961. Thousands of premium dues over $40 is tax deductible. braved a cold winter night to attend a of miles of oceans and continents sepa- performance by the Lakota flutist Kevin rated her from the United States, where 2 ! We Proceeded On May 2003 Letters The Lewis and Clark Trail Heritage Foundation, Inc. the seeds of her childhood dreams would from them with a part of their horses, two develop and mature. Since her youth, I had pursued into a nitch one lay dead P.O.B. 3434, Great Falls, MT 59403 dark-haired, dark-eyed Chawla had near the camp and the eighth we could 406-454-1234 / 1-888-701-3434 yearned to fly. At first, space exploration not account for but suppose that he ran Fax: 406-771-9237 did not even enter her mind—she just off early in the contest.” www.lewisandclark.org wanted to design aircraft. After graduat- Lewis laments his inability to account The mission of the LCTHF is to ing from college in India, she emigrated for the “eighth” warrior. But he should stimulate public appreciation of the to the United States, became a citizen in not have lacerated himself. He had mis- Lewis and Clark Expedition’s 1986, and “proceeded on” to a Ph.D. in calculated. Count ’em: three “swam the contributions to America’s heritage and aerospace engineering. river,” two “ascended the hill,” two were to support education, research, development, and preservation of the In 1995, Chawla joined NASA and “pursued into a nitch,” and one “lay dead Lewis and Clark experience. two years later became the first Indian- near the camp.” A total of eight. Though American woman to be blasted into long gone, they were all accounted for. Officers space. A mission specialist, she took her Was this a case of shaky math? Or was President maiden voyage aboard the space shuttle Lewis just discombobulated by the fra- Larry Epstein Cut Bank, Mont. Columbia on its 24th flight. During a cas and the ensuing pell-mell flight across preflight interview before a second Co- the Montana countryside? President-Elect lumbia mission, Chawla named Lewis H. CARL CAMP Ron Laycock Benson, Minn. and Clark among the explorers who in- Omaha, Neb. spired her with their courage and perse- Vice-President verance. On her first mission Chawla flew Gordon Julich over 6.5 million miles—quite a few more Blue Springs, Mo. Bear facts than those logged by her heroes. Secretary Sadly, Chawla’s journey ended I was pleased to see Albert Furtwangler’s Jane Schmoyer-Weber abruptly on February 1. She was among affirmative review of my recent book, Great Falls, Mont. the crew of the ill-fated Columbia, which Lewis and Clark among the Grizzlies. Dr. Treasurer following a 16-day science mission broke Furtwangler’s book, Acts of Discovery, Steven G. Lee apart at 200,000 feet during re-entry. was very helpful to me, and I appreciate Clarkston, Wash.
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