Application of Semantic Technology to Define Names for Fungi Nathan Wilson

Tuesday, July 17, 12 Who am I?

• Naturalist • Mycologist • Software Professional • Director of Biodiversity Informatics for EOL • Director of the MBL Center for Library and Informatics

Tuesday, July 17, 12 Mushroom Observer

http://mushroomobserver.org/ Tuesday, July 17, 12 Linnaeus, We Have a Problem!

• Cryptic Species • Paraphyletic & Polyphyletic Groups • Convergent Evolution • Changing Circumscriptions

Tuesday, July 17, 12 Cryptic Species

Tuesday, July 17, 12 Who spiked the pine?

Tuesday, July 17, 12 Candidates

• Pine Spike • Chroogomphus vinicolor • Chroogomphus rutilus • Chroogomphus ochraceus

Tuesday, July 17, 12 Chroogomphus vinicolor

Tuesday, July 17, 12 Para/Polyphyly

Tuesday, July 17, 12 What’s white or red and spicy!?

© Nathan Wilson

© Dimitar Bojantchev © Oluna & Adolf Ceska Tuesday, July 17, 12 Convergent Evolution

Tuesday, July 17, 12 Who likes truffles?

© Noah Siegel

© Mary Smiley

© Daniel B. Wheeler

© Nathan Wilson © Oluna & Adolf Ceska Tuesday, July 17, 12 Gasteromycetes anyone?

© Nathan Wilson © Noah Siegel

Tuesday, July 17, 12 Changing Circumscriptions

Tuesday, July 17, 12 Definition of a Scientific Name Reference Latin name Type Circumscription

Cap: 2-10cm wide; usually overlapping or in a row or a rosette; kidney shaped, also described as fan shaped, sometimes fused laterally; can be flat to wavy; multicolored concentric zoning on the upper surface; zones alternate between

Tuesday, July 17, 12 Definition of a Scientific Name Reference Latin name Type

Circumscription(s) Cap: 2-10cm wide; usually overlapping or in a row or a rosette; kidney shaped, also Cap: 2-10cm wide; described as fan shaped, overlapping or in a row or a sometimes fused laterally; rosette; kidney shaped, also Cap: 2-10cm wide; can be flat to wavy; described as fan shaped; can overlapping, also rosette; can multicolored concentric be flat to wavy; multicolored be flat to wavy; multicolored Cap: 2-10cm wide; zoning on the upper surface; concentric concentric; zones alternate overlapping, wavy; zones alternate between

Tuesday, July 17, 12 Why Bad Things Happen to Good Taxonomists

Tuesday, July 17, 12 Observations & Scientific Names

Circumscription(s)

People Observations Scientific Names

Barcodes Type

Tuesday, July 17, 12 Can Technology Save (or at least help) Our Heros?

Tuesday, July 17, 12 The Semantic Web

• A particular system for representing and extracting ‘meaning’ from the World Wide Web • Sparse data is easy • Data merging is trivial

Tuesday, July 17, 12 A ‘Triple’

• (, ,