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Zero-Emission Bus Technologies and Existing Conditions for E-Tran Overview of Zero-Emission Technologies and Considerations and Existing Conditions Review Elk Grove ZEB Rollout and Implementation Plan Final Report Prepared for the City of Elk Grove Prepared by Stantec October 2020 ZERO-EMISSION BUS TECHNOLOGIES AND EXISTING CONDITIONS FOR E-TRAN Zero-Emission Bus Technologies and Existing Conditions for E-tran Overview of Existing Conditions and ZEB Technologies October 13, 2020 Prepared for: The City of Elk Grove Prepared by: Stantec Consulting Services Inc. ZERO-EMISSION BUS TECHNOLOGIES AND EXISTING CONDITIONS FOR E-TRAN Release Version Rev. Description Date 0 Draft Report Issued to Agency 7/10/2020 1 Revised Report Issued to Agency 9/03/2020 2 Final Report Issued to Agency 10/13/2020 This document entitled Zero-Emission Bus Technologies and Existing Conditions for E-tran was prepared by Stantec Consulting Services Inc. (“Stantec”) for the account of the City of Elk Grove (the “Client”). Any reliance on this document by any third party is strictly prohibited. The material in it reflects Stantec’s professional judgment in light of the scope, schedule and other limitations stated in the document and in the contract between Stantec and the Client. The opinions in the document are based on conditions and information existing at the time the document was published and do not take into account any subsequent changes. In preparing the document, Stantec did not verify information supplied to it by others. Any use which a third party makes of this document is the responsibility of such third party. Such third party agrees that Stantec shall not be responsible for costs or damages of any kind, if any, suffered by it or any other third party as a result of decisions made or actions taken based on this document. Project Team Stantec Transit Advisory Services 801 S. Figueroa St., Suite 300 Los Angeles, CA 90017 ZERO-EMISSION BUS TECHNOLOGIES AND EXISTING CONDITIONS FOR E-TRAN Table of Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................................ I ABBREVIATIONS ..................................................................................................................... II 1.0 ABOUT ELK GROVE E-TRAN ...................................................................................... 4 2.0 WHY ZEBS? A PRIMER ON ICT REGULATION ........................................................... 4 2.1 INNOVATIVE CLEAN TRANSIT ..................................................................................... 4 3.0 OVERVIEW OF ZEB TECHNOLOGIES ......................................................................... 7 3.1 OVERVIEW OF ZERO-EMISSION TRANSIT VEHICLES .............................................. 7 3.1.1 Depot-Charging BEBs .................................................................................... 8 3.1.2 On-Route Charging BEBs ............................................................................ 11 3.1.3 Fuel Cell Electric Buses ............................................................................... 13 3.2 ZEB MANUFACTURERS ..............................................................................................16 3.3 ZEB COST OVERVIEW ................................................................................................18 3.3.1 Bus Purchase Price ...................................................................................... 18 3.3.2 Cost of Charging Infrastructure .................................................................... 19 3.3.3 Cost of Hydrogen Fueling Infrastructure ....................................................... 21 3.3.4 Maintenance Cost of BEBs .......................................................................... 22 3.3.5 Maintenance Cost of FCEBs ........................................................................ 23 3.4 TRANSITION TO ELECTRIFICATION CONSIDERATIONS ..........................................23 3.4.1 Depot Charging Infrastructure for Plug-In BEBs ........................................... 24 3.4.2 Mitigating Charging Demand ........................................................................ 29 3.4.3 Site Assessment .......................................................................................... 30 3.4.4 Facility Interior Infrastructure ........................................................................ 30 3.4.5 Infrastructure in Other Facility Areas ............................................................ 31 3.4.6 AC versus DC Fast Charging ....................................................................... 31 3.4.7 Maintenance Considerations ........................................................................ 32 3.5 TRANSITION TO HYDROGEN CONSIDERATIONS .....................................................34 3.5.1 Hydrogen Refueling Overview ...................................................................... 34 3.5.2 Hydrogen Refueling Infrastructure ................................................................ 38 3.5.3 Infrastructure in Other Facility Areas ............................................................ 41 3.5.4 Maintenance Considerations ........................................................................ 42 3.6 OTHER CONSIDERATIONS TO IMPLEMENT ZEBS ...................................................43 3.7 SUMMARY ....................................................................................................................44 4.0 CURRENT OPERATIONS AND SERVICE ANALYSIS ................................................44 4.1 FLEET COMPOSITION .................................................................................................44 4.2 KEY OPERATIONAL CHARACTERISTICS...................................................................45 4.3 DAILY BLOCK MILEAGE ..............................................................................................47 4.4 MEAN DISTANCE BETWEEN FAILURES ....................................................................51 4.5 STAFFING CONSIDERATIONS ....................................................................................52 4.6 TRAINING CONSIDERATIONS ....................................................................................53 ZERO-EMISSION BUS TECHNOLOGIES AND EXISTING CONDITIONS FOR E-TRAN 4.7 COLLECTIVE BARGAINING AGREEMENTS ...............................................................53 4.8 COMPREHENSIVE OPERATION ANALYSIS ...............................................................54 4.9 TRANSIT FLEET FACILITY ELECTRIC INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECT MILESTONE SCHEDULE .............................................................................................54 4.10 RIDERSHIP AND ROUTE ANALYSIS ...........................................................................55 4.11 DISADVANTAGED COMMUNITIES ..............................................................................60 4.12 SUMMARY ....................................................................................................................62 5.0 FACILITY EXISTING CONDITIONS .............................................................................62 5.1 CORPORATION YARD FACILITY ................................................................................62 5.1.0 General Site Information .............................................................................. 62 5.1.1 Architectural & Maintenance Equipment ....................................................... 63 5.1.2 Vehicle Service Cycle .................................................................................. 66 5.1.3 Fueling Infrastructure ................................................................................... 68 5.1.4 Gas-Leak Detection System ......................................................................... 69 5.1.5 Electrical ...................................................................................................... 70 6.0 FINANCIAL ANALYSIS ................................................................................................72 6.1 AGENCY OPERATIONS AND EXISTING COSTS ........................................................72 7.0 SUMMARY AND NEXT STEPS ....................................................................................77 LIST OF TABLES Table 1: ZEB purchase schedule (as a percentage of total new bus purchases for small transit agencies) for standard 40-ft. buses. .................................................................. 5 Table 2: Overview of plug-in BEBs ............................................................................................. 8 Table 3: Overview of on-route charging BEBs ...........................................................................12 Table 4: Overview of hydrogen fuel cell buses ..........................................................................15 Table 5: Commercially available ZEBs and their manufacturers ................................................17 Table 6: Equipment specifications of depot and on-route chargers by different manufacturers .............................................................................................................17 Table 7: Purchase prices of a sample of ZEBs ..........................................................................18 Table 8: Cost of depot charging infrastructure ..........................................................................19 Table 9: Cost of on-route charging BEBs and charging infrastructure .......................................20 Table 10: Summary
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