Hymenoptera) De Un Sabinar De Juniperus Thurifera L

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Hymenoptera) De Un Sabinar De Juniperus Thurifera L MONOGRAFÍAS S.E.A. — vol. 4 Primera Edición: Zaragoza, 2001. Título: Chalcidoidea y Mymarommatoidea (Hymenoptera) de un sabinar de Juniperus thurifera L. en Los Monegros, Zaragoza Autores: R. R. Askew, J. Blasco-Zumeta & J. Pujade-Villar. Edita: Sociedad Entomológica Aragonesa (SEA). Avda. Radio Juventud, 37 50012 – Zaragoza (España) Director de publicaciones: A. Melic [email protected] http://entomologia.rediris.es/sea Maquetación y Diseño: A. Melic Portada: Microlycus scaurus sp. nov. Imprime: Gorfi, S.A. c/.Menéndez Pelayo, 4 50009 – Zaragoza (España) I.S.B.N.: 84 – 922495 – 5 – 2 Depósito Legal: Z – 1789 – 94 © Los autores (por la obra) © SEA (por la edición). Queda prohibida la reproducción total o parcial del presente volumen, o de cualquiera de sus partes, por cualquier medio, sin el previo y expreso consentimiento por escrito de los autores y editora. Publicación gratuita para socios SEA (ejercicio 2001). Precio de venta al público: 1500 pesetas (IVA incluido). Gastos de envío no incluidos. Solicitudes: SEA. Chalcidoidea y Mymarommatoidea (Hymenoptera) de un sabinar de Juniperus thurifera L. en Los Monegros, Zaragoza R.R. Askew, J. Blasco-Zumeta & J. Pujade-Villar MONOGRAFÍAS SEA, vol. 4 ZARAGOZA, 2001 INDICE: Chalcidoidea y Mymarommatoidea (Hymenoptera) de un sabinar de Juniperus thurifera L. en Los Monegros, Zaragoza R.R. Askew, J. Blasco-Zumeta y J. Pujade-Villar Resumen/Abstract.................................................. 5 Introducción...................................................... 6 Área de estudio.................................................... 6 Material y métodos................................................. 7 Sistemática ....................................................... 9 Superfamilia Chalcidoidea ........................................ 9 Familia Leucospidae ........................................ 9 Familia Chalcididae ......................................... 9 Familia Eurytomidae ....................................... 11 Familia Torymidae ........................................ 12 Familia Ormyridae ........................................ 15 Familia Eucharitidae ....................................... 16 Familia Perilampidae ....................................... 16 Familia Pteromalidae ...................................... 17 Familia Eupelmidae ........................................ 29 Familia Encyrtidae ......................................... 32 Familia Tetracampidae ..................................... 37 Familia Eulophidae ........................................ 37 Familia Elasmidae ......................................... 45 Familia Aphelinidae ....................................... 46 Familia Signiphoridae ...................................... 48 Familia Trichogrammatidae ................................. 48 Familia Mymaridae ........................................ 48 Superfamilia Mymarommatoidea ................................. 49 Familia Mymarommatidae .................................. 49 Discusión ....................................................... 50 Técnicas de muestro........................................... 50 Resultados biológicos.......................................... 51 Resultados fenológicos......................................... 51 Resultados faunísticos y riqueza.................................. 52 Consideraciones zoogeográficas.................................. 54 Agradecimiento................................................... 54 APÉNDICE: Taxonomic notes and descriptions of new species R. R. Askew Familia Chalcididae ................................................ 57 Familia Eurytomidae ............................................... 57 Familia Torymidae ................................................. 57 Familia Perilampidae ............................................... 60 Familia Pteromalidae ............................................... 61 Familia Eupelmidae ................................................ 64 Familia Tetracampidae ............................................. 64 Familia Eulophidae ................................................ 64 Bibliografía ...................................................... 71 Chalcidoidea y Mymarommatoidea de Los Monegros 5 Chalcidoidea y Mymarommatoidea (Hymenoptera) de un sabinar de Juniperus thurifera L. en Los Monegros, Zaragoza R.R. Askew 5 Beeston Hall Mews, Beeston, Tarporley, Cheshire CW6 9TZ, England (Reino Unido). J. Blasco-Zumeta c/ Hispanidad, 8, 50750 Pina de Ebro, Zaragoza, España (Spain). & J. Pujade-Villar Dept. de Biología Animal (Sec. Artròpodes) Fac. de Biología, Univ. de Barcelona, Avgda. Diagonal 645, 08028 Barcelona, España (Spain). Resumen Más de 6.800 ejemplares pertenecientes a 18 familias de Chalcidoidea y Mymarommatoidea han sido colectadas durante 6 años con distintos métodos de trampeo en un bosque de Juniperus thurifera L. en la comarca de Los Monegros (Zaragoza, España). Más de 400 especies, incluidas en 190 géneros, han sido capturadas habiéndose determinado con seguridad 359 especies de Chalcidoidea y una de Mymarommatoidea. Se describen 10 especies nuevas de Chalcidoidea: Psilochalcis tenuicornis Askew n. sp. (Chalcididae), Torymus nebulosus Askew n. sp. (Torymidae), Chrysomalla striata Askew n. sp. (Perilampidae), Anogmus pilosipennis Askew n. sp. y Pseudocatolaccus aragonensis Askew n. sp. (Pteromalidae), Microlycus scaurus Askew n. sp., Necremnus stylatus Askew n. sp., Euderus fasciatus Askew n. sp., Entedon cardui Askew n. sp y Entedon marginalis Askew n. sp. (Eulophidae). Del total de especies colectadas más del 35 % representan la primera cita para España. Se discute la eficiencia de las técnicas de muestreo y se exponen algunas consideraciones zoogeográficas. Palabras clave: Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea, Mymarommatoidea, faunística, nuevas especies, Los Monegros, Aragón, España. Chalcidoidea and Mymarommatoidea (Hymenoptera) of a Juniperus thurifera L. forest of Los Monegros region, Zaragoza Abstract Over 6800 specimens from 18 families of Chalcidoidea and Mymarommatoidea have been collected over 6 years by different capture methods in a Juniperus thurifera L. forest in the Monegros area (Zaragoza, Spain). Over 400 species, belonging to 190 genera, have been captured, and 359 species of Chalcidoidea and one of Mymarommatoidea have been identified beyond doubt. 10 new species of Chalcidoidea are described: Psilochalcis tenuicornis Askew n. sp. (Chalcididae), Torymus nebulosus Askew n. sp. (Torymidae), Chrysomalla striata Askew n. sp. (Perilampidae), Anogmus pilosipennis Askew n. sp. and Pseudocatolaccus aragonensis Askew n. sp. (Pteromalidae), Microlycus scaurus Askew n. sp., Necremnus stylatus Askew n. sp., Euderus fasciatus Askew n. sp., Entedon cardui Askew n. sp and Entedon marginalis Askew n. sp. (Eulophidae). Of these species, over 35 % are new records for Spain. Efficiency of used sampling methods is also commented upon and some zoogeographical considerations are discussed. Key words: Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea, Mymarommatoidea, faunistics, new species, Monegros area, Aragon, Spain. 6 R.R. Askew, J. Blasco-Zumeta & J. Pujade-Villar INTRODUCCIÓN Tal como se pone de manifiesto en RIBES et al. (1997), Estas condiciones climáticas determinan la exis- el estudio de las zonas áridas españolas es desolador y tencia de una vegetación climax representada en las la zona que nos ocupa no es una excepción. Un esfuerzo alturas inferiores a 400 m.s.n.m. por sabinares de titánico en la recolección de material, por parte del Juniperus thurifera L. característicos de la asociación segundo de los autores, ha puesto de manifiesto la Juniperetum phoeniceo-thuriferae (Braun-Blonquet & importancia de Los Monegros en el conjunto peninsu- Bolòs) Rivas-Martínez (RIVAS-MARTÍNEZ, 1987), si lar, por la cantidad de endemismos detectados, el bien, y por influencia antrópica, esta comunidad ha número de especies descritas en múltiples grupos, la desaparecido prácticamente de la región estando su peculiar fauna monegrina y la riqueza en la biodiversi- mejor exponente relegado a unas 2.000 hectáreas en el dad de la zona; una explosión de estudios zoológicos y paraje conocido como "Retuerta de Pina" (término botánicos así lo manifiestan (MELIC & BLASCO-ZUME- municipal de Pina de Ebro [Zaragoza]), limitado por las TA, 1999). Esta zona, amenazada por los cambios en el cuadrículas UTM 30TYL29. Es en este enclave donde uso del suelo (PEDROCCHI, 1988; PEDROCCHI & SANZ, se ha realizado el muestreo que ha dado origen al 1991), es especialmente rica e interesante faunística- presente trabajo. mente y es preciso pararse a pensar detenidamente cual El sabinar de Retuerta de Pina se asienta en las ha de ser su futuro. laderas y cimas de una compleja red de barrancos de A pesar de que los calcidoideos han sido intermi- fondo plano, cuya facies litológica representativa es la tentemente estudiados por distintos autores en España "formación Retuerta" del Mioceno (QUIRANTES, 1978) peninsular (García-Mercet y Bolívar-Pieltain, principal- esencialmente yesífera, a base de yesos masivos blancos mente, hasta mediados de siglo, y por otros muchos o muy claros y limos yesíferos. La altura sobre el nivel autores posteriormente) el desconocimiento de Los del mar va desde los 300 a los 400 metros. Monegros es absoluto hasta que aparecen los trabajos El carácter aclarado inherente a la estructura de del primer autor, en solitario o en colaboración con este tipo de formaciones boscosas (ÁLVAREZ, 1992), otros colegas en la década de los 90 (ver bibliografía). permite la presencia como sotobosque
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