STAVANGEREN Medlemsblad for Byhistorisk Forening Stavanger
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Arkivmagasinet 1/15
1/15 INFORMASJON FRÅ RIKSARKIVAREN TEMA: Domstolar Høgsterett 200 år Innhald [arkiv] magasinet Arkivmagasinet er eit fagleg tidsskrift frå Arkivverket. Det rettar seg mot eit breitt historieinteressert publikum. Arkivmagasinet skal vere orienterande og debattskapande og spreie kunnskap om arkiva sin eigenart og viktige rolle i samfunnet. Arkivmagasinet ynskjer å stimulere til auka interesse for og bruk av arkivmateriale i Riksarkivet, statsarkiva og i Samisk arkiv. Redaktør CHR. KROGH: “ALBERTINE”, 1917 Margit Løyland Domstoler i Norge Høgsterett som statsmakt Landssviksaken mot Ole Wehus Marte Marie ‘Spraderen’ I redaksjonen 6 11 18 33 Kristin Brattelid, Helena Eriksson, Trond Inge Karlsen, Terje Nomeland, Leif Thingsrud Tor Weidling og Øyvind Ødegaard Redaksjonen si adresse TEMA:DOMSTOLAR Riksarkivet, se bakre omslag HØGSTERETT 200 ÅR 6 Fra bygdeting til tingrett Design 11 Høgsterett som statsmakt Agendum See Design 15 Kyrre Grepp og ‘smuglingssaken’ Layout Morten Hernæs, 07 Media – 07.no 18 Landssviksaken mot Ole Wehus 22 Tannlege-saka frå 1966 Repro og trykk 07 Media – 07.no 26 Høyesteretts arkiv ISSN 0801-5449 ANDRE ARTIKLAR Bidrag til neste utgåve må vere 28 For tysk rett i redaksjonen før 27.03.2015. 30 Gapestokken som kvinnesanksjon 33 Marte Marie ‘Spraderen’ Laussal: kr 40 Årsabonnement (3 nr.): kr 100 36 “…alle som een og een som alle…” Offentlege institusjonar, museum o.l.: gratis 40 ny riksarkivar: Bevare, åpne og formidle Opplag: 3200 detaljl frå Høgsteretts hus. framsidebilete: FASTE SPALTER Detalj frå Høgsteretts Hus. 43 Bokomtale Foto Helen F. Nicholson, Riksarkivet. 44 Notisar indre omslag: 46 Refleksjonen Detalj frå Høgsteretts Hus. 47 Sitatet Foto Helen F. Nicholson, Riksarkivet. 40 Inga Bolstad Arkivmagasinet nr. -
Jødene Som Søkte Tilflukt I Frafjord
Jødene som søkte tilflukt i Frafjord Av: Christian F. Uhl, mai 2020 Historien om de norske jødene og deres skjebne under 2. verdenskrig er en vond historie. Heldigvis greide mange å flykte til Sverige, men for dem som ble igjen ventet det en grusom skjebne. Det som gjør denne historien ekstra vond er bevisstheten om likegyldigheten som ble jødene til del da registreringen og arrestasjonene kom – og ikke minst at det var norske politifolk og lensmenn som stod for det hele, etter ordre fra det nazistiske statspolitiet. Norge var det landet i Skandinavia som hadde færrest jøder da 2. verdenskrig brøt ut. De fleste av de tilsammen ca 2000 norske jødene hadde kommet hit fra Russland og de baltiske land rundt år 1900. De fleste drev med handelsvirksomhet, og etter hvert åpnet de butikker i de byene de slo seg ned. Da krigen brøt ut, var 22 av verdens 17 millioner jøder bosatt i Stavanger. Denne artikkelen tar for seg to familier, Fein og Reichwald, som søkte tilflukt innerst i Frafjord. Julius og Rösi Fein En av dem var Julius Fein som ble født i Klikoli i Litauen i 1885. Han kom til Norge i 1904, som en av flere søsken. Julius bodde flere steder i Norge før han flyttet til Stavanger. Han jobbet blant annet som taktekker hos broren Nathan i Arendal og drev egen manufakturforretning i Tønsberg. I 1911 solgte han denne butikken og flyttet til Stavanger der han åpnet en forretning, Berliner Bazaren A/S (senere Feins Magasin) i Østervåg 15. Han importerte og solgte mange slags varer som glass, porselen og leketøy. -
Ill/Il 01/28/9~~
Stiftelsen norsk Okkupasjonshistorie, 2014 115705 Zfp + 4 Origin 01/28/9~~ Ill/Il $ 00.320 ... )E Us l'OSTAGE * * * MAJLEo FROM Z/P eOOE 06484 SNO ' .. Stiftelsen norsk Okkupasjonshistorie, 2014 2. Verdenskrig: Utenlandsfangene i Tyskland og eksempler på fangekorrespondanse Av Erik Lørdahl nder den tyske okkupa sjonen av Norge i årene U1940-45 ble til sammen mellom 40 000 og 50 000 nor ske menn og kvinner arrestert. Årsakene var forskjellige, men av de som for kortere eller len gre tid havnet i tysk fangenskap, ble langt de fleste arrestert som enkeltpersoner, og da for en el 3 ler annen form for «motstand mot den tyske besettelsesmakt», eller som gisler. Mange havnet imidlertid også bak murer eller piggtråd som følge av yrkesmes sig tilknytning - enten som en keltindivid eller som tilhørende en gruppe, og jødene som kjent pga. sitt opphav. Av de arresterte ble 7 000 - 8 000 sendt til leire, fengsler eller tukthus i Tyskland eller i andre okkuperte land. Ved krigens slutt var det 5 000 - 6 000 igjen i disse områdene. De øvrige var enten døde eller for noens vedkommende sluppet fri i løpet av krigstiden. De arresterte kan inndeles i følgende fangekategorier: 1. Krigsfangene 2. Konsentrasjonsleirfangene 3. Tukthusfangene 4. Studentene 5. Politiet 6. Jødene 7. Sivilinternerte 8. Gøteborg-farerne. Brev fra norsk offiser på Hvalsmoen stemplet 25.8.43 før reisen til Tyskland. På baksiden er påført lukkeremse etter NFT-serie Wehrmachtsensur i Oslo. I den etterfølgende NFT-serie som vil gå over flere nummer og kanskje deres eneste lyspunkt ler og fengsler, fal1gekategorier beskrives litt av historien SNOtil den og fangepost» er trykt i «Krigs enkelte kategori knyttet opp mot i en ellers meget vanskelig tid. -
Canadian Airmen Lost in Wwii by Date 1943
CANADA'S AIR WAR 1945 updated 21/04/08 January 1945 424 Sqn. and 433 Sqn. begin to re-equip with Lancaster B.I & B.III aircraft (RCAF Sqns.). 443 Sqn. begins to re-equip with Spitfire XIV and XIVe aircraft (RCAF Sqns.). Helicopter Training School established in England on Sikorsky Hoverfly I helicopters. One of these aircraft is transferred to the RCAF. An additional 16 PLUTO fuel pipelines are laid under the English Channel to points in France (Oxford). Japanese airstrip at Sandakan, Borneo, is put out of action by Allied bombing. Built with forced labour by some 3,600 Indonesian civilians and 2,400 Australian and British PoWs captured at Singapore (of which only some 1,900 were still alive at this time). It is decided to abandon the airfield. Between January and March the prisoners are force marched in groups to a new location 160 miles away, but most cannot complete the journey due to disease and malnutrition, and are killed by their guards. Only 6 Australian servicemen are found alive from this group at the end of the war, having escaped from the column, and only 3 of these survived to testify against their guards. All the remaining enlisted RAF prisoners of 205 Sqn., captured at Singapore and Indonesia, died in these death marches (Jardine, wikipedia). On the Russian front Soviet and Allied air forces (French, Czechoslovakian, Polish, etc, units flying under Soviet command) on their front with Germany total over 16,000 fighters, bombers, dive bombers and ground attack aircraft (Passingham & Klepacki). During January #2 Flying Instructor School, Pearce, Alberta, closes (http://www.bombercrew.com/BCATP.htm). -
1 Introduction
Notes 1 Introduction 1. Donald Macintyre, Narvik (London: Evans, 1959), p. 15. 2. See Olav Riste, The Neutral Ally: Norway’s Relations with Belligerent Powers in the First World War (London: Allen and Unwin, 1965). 3. Reflections of the C-in-C Navy on the Outbreak of War, 3 September 1939, The Fuehrer Conferences on Naval Affairs, 1939–45 (Annapolis: Naval Institute Press, 1990), pp. 37–38. 4. Report of the C-in-C Navy to the Fuehrer, 10 October 1939, in ibid. p. 47. 5. Report of the C-in-C Navy to the Fuehrer, 8 December 1939, Minutes of a Conference with Herr Hauglin and Herr Quisling on 11 December 1939 and Report of the C-in-C Navy, 12 December 1939 in ibid. pp. 63–67. 6. MGFA, Nichols Bohemia, n 172/14, H. W. Schmidt to Admiral Bohemia, 31 January 1955 cited by Francois Kersaudy, Norway, 1940 (London: Arrow, 1990), p. 42. 7. See Andrew Lambert, ‘Seapower 1939–40: Churchill and the Strategic Origins of the Battle of the Atlantic, Journal of Strategic Studies, vol. 17, no. 1 (1994), pp. 86–108. 8. For the importance of Swedish iron ore see Thomas Munch-Petersen, The Strategy of Phoney War (Stockholm: Militärhistoriska Förlaget, 1981). 9. Churchill, The Second World War, I, p. 463. 10. See Richard Wiggan, Hunt the Altmark (London: Hale, 1982). 11. TMI, Tome XV, Déposition de l’amiral Raeder, 17 May 1946 cited by Kersaudy, p. 44. 12. Kersaudy, p. 81. 13. Johannes Andenæs, Olav Riste and Magne Skodvin, Norway and the Second World War (Oslo: Aschehoug, 1966), p. -
02 Barren States
02 ChildrenWW2 12/5/05 5:14 pm Page 71 –4– Meant to be Deported Lars Borgersrud In Norway, World War II resulted in 10,000–12,000 children of German fathers and Norwegian mothers. During the first months after the end of the war, Norwegian political authorities took on what they saw as an urgent task: to develop a judicial framework to regulate the national status and citizenship of these chil- dren, officially labelled ‘war children’. This chapter aims to describe the process through which their national status and citizenship was established and to outline some important effects of that process on the condition of war children’s upbringing. The process started with a proposal to deport the children, a proposal which influenced events in significant ways, even if it was not carried out. The social-affairs authorities were faced with acute problems when thousands of single mothers and their children were left without any means of support once the German administration was dismantled after the armistice. However, when the topic of war children and their mothers was raised in the press and in public opinion, concerns for their maintenance were seldom voiced. Rather, the discus- sion was characterized by massive demands that the children and their mothers be deported to Germany, their real fatherland. Many senior civil servants and politi- cians held similar opinions. However, several practical and moral problems made such a plan difficult to implement. To present proposals as to what should be done, the Norwegian government appointed a fast-track committee, the War Child Committee. -
North Weald the North Weald Airfield History Series | Booklet 4
The Spirit of North Weald The North Weald Airfield History Series | Booklet 4 North Weald’s role during World War 2 Epping Forest District Council www.eppingforestdc.gov.uk North Weald Airfield Hawker Hurricane P2970 was flown by Geoffrey Page of 56 Squadron when he Airfield North Weald Museum was shot down into the Channel and badly burned on 12 August 1940. It was named ‘Little Willie’ and had a hand making a ‘V’ sign below the cockpit North Weald Airfield North Weald Museum North Weald at Badly damaged 151 Squadron Hurricane war 1939-45 A multinational effort led to the ultimate victory... On the day war was declared – 3 September 1939 – North Weald had two Hurricane squadrons on its strength. These were 56 and 151 Squadrons, 17 Squadron having departed for Debden the day before. They were joined by 604 (County of Middlesex) Squadron’s Blenheim IF twin engined fighters groundcrew) occurred during the four month period from which flew in from RAF Hendon to take up their war station. July to October 1940. North Weald was bombed four times On 6 September tragedy struck when what was thought and suffered heavy damage, with houses in the village being destroyed as well. The Station Operations Record Book for the end of October 1940 where the last entry at the bottom of the page starts to describe the surprise attack on the to be a raid was picked up by the local radar station at Airfield by a formation of Messerschmitt Bf109s, which resulted in one pilot, four ground crew and a civilian being killed Canewdon. -
The Last Battles : the Way Hom E
CHAPTER 1 8 THE LAST BATTLES : THE WAY HOM E Y mid-March the pessimism created by the slugging battles durin g B the winter in the Ardennes was swept away by a new convictio n among Allied military leaders that a swift end to the European war was not only possible but inevitable . Army and air force commanders vie d with each other to exert the maximum pressure before the final Germa n collapse. Although not free from political and prestige undertones, th e tactical improvisations made (especially by American army commanders ) within the general framework of General Eisenhower's three-phase strategy , resulted in hammer blows along the length of the River Rhine, against none of which could the Wehrmacht assemble adequate reserves . Despite Goebbels' propaganda call for the whole German nation to fight the invaders, despite preparations for demolition and scorched earth in th e Rhineland, and notwithstanding the productive genius of Speer, th e Germans had neither the men nor the material to prevent the surg e forward of the Allied armies in good campaigning weather. For their part Eisenhower 's armies were no longer faced with the logistics proble m which had halted them six months earlier before the Rhine, after thei r helter-skelter dash across France . Generals Bradley, Patton and Patc h were now assured of adequate independent strength to exploit any loca l break-through they might achieve without (as had happened at Arnhem ) seriously prejudicing each others' or Montgomery's own plans . In fact the balance of forces was such that each opportunist America n attack so preoccupied enemy reserves that the projected main drive b y General Montgomery across the lower Rhine at Wesel was materially assisted. -
Cathrine Evelid NOVEL Dreams from Texaco Drømmer Fra Texaco Aschehoug 2016 253 Pages
FICTION Cathrine Evelid NOVEL Dreams from Texaco Drømmer fra Texaco Aschehoug 2016 253 Pages In her third novel, Cathrine Evelid takes the reader into a dreamlike landscape Cathrine Evelid trained as a painter and lives where ordinary people strive to belong and belong together. in Oslo. She received excellent reviews for her debut, Mamma er en countrysang (Mum is a Country Song) (2012) and was Sisters Rita and Linda are used to new beginnings. This time their mother Aud nominated for Sørlandets litteraturpris for is moving in with Finn in a flat above his Texaco garage. But the three her 2013 book Dinglen and Ramona. newcomers seeking a family get more than they bargained for, as Finns mother Drømmer fra Texaco is her best work to date, and might be her breakthrough. and other relatives live right across the plain. The truth about what happened in the accident that almost killed Finn’s brother, Alf, is blurred, and not everyone thinks Finn he is entitled to run the garage. Will Texaco become an end station RIGHTSHOLDER Oslo Literary Agency or just another rest stop? P.O. Box 363 Sentrum Dreams from Texaco is a powerful drama about family, inheritance and about NO-0102 Oslo growing roots when departure always lurks around the bend. Tel: + 47 22 40 04 65 / +47 922 53 353 Annette Orre [email protected] www.osloliteraryagency.no 'Made me think of Bagdad Cafe and the song «Calling you»'. Fedrelandsvennen, throw of the dice: 5 NRK critic Leif Ekle compares Evelids book with Per Pettersons “Out stealing horses”, and also writes: '[Evelid writes] very, very well. -
Persecution, Collaboration, Resistance
Münsteraner Schriften zur zeitgenössischen Musik 5 Ina Rupprecht (ed.) Persecution, Collaboration, Resistance Music in the ›Reichskommissariat Norwegen‹ (1940–45) Münsteraner Schrift en zur zeitgenössischen Musik Edited by Michael Custodis Volume 5 Ina Rupprecht (ed.) Persecution, Collaboration, Resistance Music in the ‘Reichskommissariat Norwegen’ (1940–45) Waxmann 2020 Münster x New York The publication was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft , the Grieg Research Centre and the Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster as well as the Open Access Publication Fund of the University of Münster. Bibliographic information published by the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek Th e Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografi e; detailed bibliographic data are available in the Internet at http://dnb.dnb.de Münsteraner Schrift en zur zeitgenössischen Musik, Volume 5 Print-ISBN 978-3-8309-4130-9 E-Book-ISBN 978-3-8309-9130-4 DOI: https://doi.org/10.31244/9783830991304 CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 Waxmann Verlag GmbH, 2020 Steinfurter Straße 555, 48159 Münster www.waxmann.com [email protected] Cover design: Pleßmann Design, Ascheberg Cover pictures: © Hjemmefrontarkivet, HA HHI DK DECA_0001_44, saddle of sources regarding the Norwegian resistance; Riksarkivet, Oslo, RA/RAFA-3309/U 39A/ 4/4-7, img 197, Atlantic Presse- bilderdienst 12. February 1942: Th e newly appointed Norwegian NS prime minister Vidkun Quisling (on the right) and Reichskomissar Josef Terboven (on the left ) walking along the front of an honorary -
Why Adolf Hitler Spared the Judges: Judicial Opposition Against the Nazi State
The rule of law, constitutionalism and the judiciary Why Adolf Hitler Spared the Judges: Judicial Opposition Against the Nazi State By Hans Petter Graver Abstract The Nazi regime had loyal judges who willingly transformed the liberal German law into an instrument of oppression, discrimination and genocide. This was achieved without substantially interfering with the operation of the courts and without applying disciplinary measures on the judges. But, not all judges were congenial servants of the regime—some resisted in their capacity as judges. Based on case-studies and existing literature, this Article distinguishes between two different lines of judicial opposition to those in power: Between opposition taking place in the open and opposition in secret, and between opposition within what is accepted by those in power as being within the law and opposition that is in breach of the law. The Article then seeks to explain the deference the regime gave to judicial by employing institutional theory and the concept of path dependence. Germany was deeply embedded in the Western legal tradition of emphasis on law as an autonomous institution with an independent judiciary. Dr. Hans Petter Graver is a Professor and previous Dean at the University of Oslo. The author would like to thank Stephen Skinner, David Fraser, and Dina Townsend for their helpful comments. The article is based on a public lecture held at St. Mary’s College, Durham UK, while the author was a fellow at the Institute of Advanced Study, University of Durham from October to December 2016. 846 German Law Journal Vol. 19 No. 04 A. -
En Norsk Hilsen Og Et Dansk Hakekors
En norsk hilsen og et dansk hakekors En sammenligning mellom Nasjonal Samling og Danmarks Nationalsocialistiske Arbejderparti i perioden 1933-1937, med hovedvekt på antisemittisme, kristendom og forholdet til den tyske nasjonalsosialismen Egil Andreas Slengesol Aulie Masteroppgave i historie Det humanistiske fakultet Institutt for arkeologi, konservering og historie UNIVERSITETET I OSLO Høst 2015 II En norsk hilsen og et dansk hakekors En sammenligning mellom Nasjonal Samling og Danmarks Nationalsocialistiske Arbejderparti i perioden 1933-1937 med hovedvekt på antisemittisme, kristendom og forholdet til den tyske nasjonalsosialismen III © Egil Andreas Slengesol Aulie 2015 En norsk hilsen og et dansk hakekors En sammenligning mellom Nasjonal Samling og Danmarks Nationalsocialistiske Arbejderparti i perioden 1933-1937, med hovedvekt på antisemittisme, kristendom og forholdet til den tyske nasjonalsosialismen Egil Andreas Slengesol Aulie http://www.duo.uio.no/ Trykk: Webergs Printshop IV Sammendrag Denne oppgaven sammenligner Nasjonal Samling og Danmarks Nationalsocialistiske Arbejderparti i perioden mellom 1933 og 1937 med hovedvekt på de tre kontroversielle temaene antisemittismen, kristendommen og forholdet til den tyske nasjonalsosialismen. Oppgaven undersøker hvilke rolle antisemittismen, kristendommen og forholdet til den tyske nasjonalsosialismen spilte for partiene, og hvordan det ble formidlet til offentligheten. Partiene blir sammenlignet for finne ut hvilke likheter og forskjeller det var mellom Nasjonal Samling og Danmarks Nationalsocialistiske