DOCSLIB.ORG

Pedestrian and Bicycle Friendly Policies, Practices, and Ordinances

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Pedestrian and Bicycle Friendly Policies, Practices, and Ordinances Pedestrian and Bicycle Friendly Policies, Practices, and Ordinances November 2011 i iv . Pedestrian and Bicycle Friendly Policies, Practices, and Ordinances November 2011 i The Delaware Valley Regional Planning The symbol in our logo is Commission is dedicated to uniting the adapted from region’s elected officials, planning the official professionals, and the public with a DVRPC seal and is designed as a common vision of making a great region stylized image of the Delaware Valley. even greater. Shaping the way we live, The outer ring symbolizes the region as a whole while the diagonal bar signifies the work, and play, DVRPC builds Delaware River. The two adjoining consensus on improving transportation, crescents represent the Commonwealth promoting smart growth, protecting the of Pennsylvania and the State of environment, and enhancing the New Jersey. economy. We serve a diverse region of DVRPC is funded by a variety of funding nine counties: Bucks, Chester, Delaware, sources including federal grants from the Montgomery, and Philadelphia in U.S. Department of Transportation’s Pennsylvania; and Burlington, Camden, Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) Gloucester, and Mercer in New Jersey. and Federal Transit Administration (FTA), the Pennsylvania and New Jersey DVRPC is the federally designated departments of transportation, as well Metropolitan Planning Organization for as by DVRPC’s state and local member the Greater Philadelphia Region — governments. The authors, however, are leading the way to a better future. solely responsible for the findings and conclusions herein, which may not represent the official views or policies of the funding agencies. DVRPC fully complies with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and related statutes and regulations in all programs and activities. DVRPC’s website (www.dvrpc.org) may be translated into multiple languages. Publications and other public documents can be made available in alternative languages and formats, if requested. For more information, please call (215) 238-2871. ii Table of Contents Executive Summary................................................................................................................... 1 CHAPTER 1 Introduction................................................................................................................................ 3 CHAPTER 2 Pedestrian Planning .................................................................................................................. 5 Sidewalks ..........................................................................................................................................5 Crosswalks ........................................................................................................................................8 Mid-Block Crossings........................................................................................................................12 Pedestrian Signals...........................................................................................................................13 Lighting............................................................................................................................................14 Street Trees/Landscaping ...............................................................................................................15 On-Street Parking............................................................................................................................16 Internal Circulation...........................................................................................................................16 Summary .........................................................................................................................................17 CHAPTER 3 Bicycle Planning ...................................................................................................................... 19 Bicycle Facility Types ......................................................................................................................20 Application of Bicycle Facilities........................................................................................................28 Bicycle Parking................................................................................................................................31 Summary .........................................................................................................................................33 CHAPTER 4 Education and Encouragement ............................................................................................... 35 Safe Routes to School.....................................................................................................................35 Share the Road ...............................................................................................................................35 StreetSmart (Washington, D.C).......................................................................................................36 Coexist Campaign (Fort Collins, Colorado) .....................................................................................38 Drive Nice, Tacoma (Tacoma, Washington)....................................................................................39 Summary .........................................................................................................................................40 CHAPTER 5 Codes and Ordinances............................................................................................................ 43 Operation of Bicycles on Sidewalks.................................................................................................43 Right Hook Incidents .......................................................................................................................45 Safe Passing Laws ..........................................................................................................................47 Pedestrians Crossing at Unsignalized Intersections........................................................................48 On-Street Parking............................................................................................................................48 Bicycle Parking................................................................................................................................49 Construction of Bicycle and Pedestrian Facilities ............................................................................50 Complete Streets.............................................................................................................................52 Summary .........................................................................................................................................53 i Figures and Tables Figure 1: Sidewalk Zonal System ....................................................................................................................6 Figure 2: Continental Crosswalk Treatment.....................................................................................................9 Figure 3: Enhanced Brick Crosswalks .............................................................................................................9 Figure 4: Advance Stop/Yield Bar..................................................................................................................10 Figure 5: Bulb-Out/Curb Extension ................................................................................................................11 Figure 6: Pedestrian Refuge ..........................................................................................................................11 Figure 7: Mid-Block Crosswalk with Signage .................................................................................................12 Figure 8: International Pedestrian Symbol.....................................................................................................13 Figure 9: Pedestrian-Only Signal Phase........................................................................................................14 Figure 10: Green Streets in Yeadon, Delaware County.................................................................................15 Figure 11: Back-In Angled Parking ................................................................................................................16 Figure 12: Pedestrian-Friendly Internal Circulation........................................................................................17 Figure 13: Buffered Bicycle Lane...................................................................................................................22 Figure 14: Left-Side Bicycle Lane ..................................................................................................................23 Figure 15: Contraflow Bike Lane....................................................................................................................24 Figure 16: Painted Bike Lane.........................................................................................................................24 Figure 17: Share the Road Sign ....................................................................................................................25 Figure 18: Cyclists May Use Full Lane Sign ..................................................................................................26
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Written Comments
    Written Comments 1 2 3 4 1027 S. Lusk Street Boise, ID 83706 [email protected] 208.429.6520 www.boisebicycleproject.org ACHD, March, 2016 The Board of Directors of the Boise Bicycle Project (BBP) commends the Ada County Highway District (ACHD) for its efforts to study and solicit input on implementation of protected bike lanes on Main and Idaho Streets in downtown Boise. BBP’s mission includes the overall goal of promoting the personal, social and environmental benefits of bicycling, which we strive to achieve by providing education and access to affordable refurbished bicycles to members of the community. Since its establishment in 2007, BBP has donated or recycled thousands of bicycles and has provided countless individuals with bicycle repair and safety skills each year. BBP fully supports efforts to improve the bicycle safety and accessibility of downtown Boise for the broadest segment of the community. Among the alternatives proposed in ACHD’s solicitation, the Board of Directors of BBP recommends that the ACHD pursue the second alternative – Bike Lanes Protected by Parking on Main Street and Idaho Street. We also recommend that there be no motor vehicle parking near intersections to improve visibility and limit the risk of the motor vehicles turning into bicyclists in the protected lane. The space freed up near intersections could be used to provide bicycle parking facilities between the bike lane and the travel lane, which would help achieve the goal of reducing sidewalk congestion without compromising safety. In other communities where protected bike lanes have been implemented, this alternative – bike lanes protected by parking – has proven to provide the level of comfort necessary to allow bicycling in downtown areas by families and others who would not ride in traffic.
    [Show full text]
  • FHWA Bikeway Selection Guide
    BIKEWAY SELECTION GUIDE FEBRUARY 2019 1. AGENCY USE ONLY (Leave Blank) 2. REPORT DATE 3. REPORT TYPE AND DATES COVERED February 2019 Final Report 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE 5a. FUNDING NUMBERS Bikeway Selection Guide NA 6. AUTHORS 5b. CONTRACT NUMBER Schultheiss, Bill; Goodman, Dan; Blackburn, Lauren; DTFH61-16-D-00005 Wood, Adam; Reed, Dan; Elbech, Mary 7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION VHB, 940 Main Campus Drive, Suite 500 REPORT NUMBER Raleigh, NC 27606 NA Toole Design Group, 8484 Georgia Avenue, Suite 800 Silver Spring, MD 20910 Mobycon - North America, Durham, NC 9. SPONSORING/MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) 10. SPONSORING/MONITORING AND ADDRESS(ES) AGENCY REPORT NUMBER Tamara Redmon FHWA-SA-18-077 Project Manager, Office of Safety Federal Highway Administration 1200 New Jersey Avenue SE Washington DC 20590 11. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES 12a. DISTRIBUTION/AVAILABILITY STATEMENT 12b. DISTRIBUTION CODE This document is available to the public on the FHWA website at: NA https://safety.fhwa.dot.gov/ped_bike 13. ABSTRACT This document is a resource to help transportation practitioners consider and make informed decisions about trade- offs relating to the selection of bikeway types. This report highlights linkages between the bikeway selection process and the transportation planning process. This guide presents these factors and considerations in a practical process- oriented way. It draws on research where available and emphasizes engineering judgment, design flexibility, documentation, and experimentation. 14. SUBJECT TERMS 15. NUMBER OF PAGES Bike, bicycle, bikeway, multimodal, networks, 52 active transportation, low stress networks 16. PRICE CODE NA 17. SECURITY 18. SECURITY 19. SECURITY 20.
    [Show full text]
  • Using Crowdsourcing to Prioritize Bicycle Network Improvements
    GEORGIA DOT RESEARCH PROJECT 14-39 FINAL REPORT USING CROWDSOURCING TO PRIORITIZE BICYCLE NETWORK IMPROVEMENTS OFFICE OF RESEARCH 15 KENNEDY DRIVE FOREST PARK, GA 30297-2534 This page intentionally left blank. GDOT Research Project RP14-39 Final Report Using Crowdsourcing to Prioritize Bicycle Network Improvements By Dr. Kari E. Watkins Assistant Professor School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Dr. Chris LeDantec Assistant Professor School of Literature, Media and Communication Georgia Institute of Technology Contract with Georgia Department of Transportation In cooperation with U.S. Department of Transportation Federal Highway Administration April 2016 The contents of this report reflect the views of the author(s) who is (are) responsible for the facts and the accuracy of the data presented herein. The contents do not necessarily reflect the official views or policies of the Georgia Department of Transportation or the Federal Highway Administration. This report does not constitute a standard, specification, or regulation. i This page intentionally left blank. ii 1.Report No.: 2. Government Accession No.: 3. Recipient's Catalog No.: FHWA-GA-16-1439 4. Title and Subtitle: 5. Report Date: Using Crowdsourcing to Prioritize Bicycle April 2016 Network Improvements 6. Performing Organization Code 7. Author(s): 8. Performing Organ. Report No.: Dr. Kari E. Watkins, PE (P.I.), Dr. Chris LeDantec (co-P.I), Aditi Misra, Mariam Asad, Charlene Mingus, Cary Bearn, Alex Poznanski, Anhong Guo, Rohit Ammanamanchi, Vernon Gentry, Aaron Gooze 9. Performing Organization Name and Address: 10. Work Unit No. Georgia Institute of Technology 11. Contract or Grant No.: School of Civil and Environmental Engineering GDOT Research Project No.
    [Show full text]
  • Costing of Bicycle Infrastructure and Programs in Canada Project Team
    Costing of Bicycle Infrastructure and Programs in Canada Project Team Project Leads: Nancy Smith Lea, The Centre for Active Transportation, Clean Air Partnership Dr. Ray Tomalty, School of Urban Planning, McGill University Researchers: Jiya Benni, The Centre for Active Transportation, Clean Air Partnership Dr. Marvin Macaraig, The Centre for Active Transportation, Clean Air Partnership Julia Malmo-Laycock, School of Urban Planning, McGill University Report Design: Jiya Benni, The Centre for Active Transportation, Clean Air Partnership Cover Photo: Tour de l’ile, Go Bike Montreal Festival, Montreal by Maxime Juneau/APMJ Project Partner: Please cite as: Benni, J., Macaraig, M., Malmo-Laycock, J., Smith Lea, N. & Tomalty, R. (2019). Costing of Bicycle Infrastructure and Programs in Canada. Toronto: Clean Air Partnership. CONTENTS List of Figures 4 List of Tables 7 Executive Summary 8 1. Introduction 12 2. Costs of Bicycle Infrastructure Measures 13 Introduction 14 On-street facilities 16 Intersection & crossing treatments 26 Traffic calming treatments 32 Off-street facilities 39 Accessory & support features 43 3. Costs of Cycling Programs 51 Introduction 52 Training programs 54 Repair & maintenance 58 Events 60 Supports & programs 63 Conclusion 71 References 72 Costing of Bicycle Infrastructure and Programs in Canada 3 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1: Bollard protected cycle track on Bloor Street, Toronto, ON ..................................................... 16 Figure 2: Adjustable concrete barrier protected cycle track on Sherbrook St, Winnipeg, ON ............ 17 Figure 3: Concrete median protected cycle track on Pandora Ave in Victoria, BC ............................ 18 Figure 4: Pandora Avenue Protected Bicycle Lane Facility Map ............................................................ 19 Figure 5: Floating Bus Stop on Pandora Avenue ........................................................................................ 19 Figure 6: Raised pedestrian crossings on Pandora Avenue .....................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Getting to the Curb: a Guide to Building Protected Bike Lanes.”)
    Getting to the Curb A Guide to Building Protected Bike Lanes That Work for Pedestrians This report is dedicated to Joanna Fraguli, a passionate pedestrian safety advocate whose work made San Francisco a better place for everyone. This report was created by the Senior & Disability Pedestrian Safety Workgroup of the San Francisco Vision Zero Coalition. Member organizations include: • Independent Living Resource Center of San Francisco • Senior & Disability Action • Walk San Francisco • Age & Disability Friendly SF • San Francisco Mayor’s Office on Disability Primary author: Natasha Opfell, Walk San Francisco Advisor/editor: Cathy DeLuca, Walk San Francisco Illustrations: EricTuvel For more information about the Workgroup, contact Walk SF at [email protected]. Thank you to the San Francisco Department of Public Health for contributing to the success of this project through three years of funding through the Safe Streets for Seniors program. A sincere thanks to everyone who attended our March 6, 2018 charette “Designing Protected Bike Lanes That Are Safe and Accessible for Pedestrians.” This guide would not exist without your invaluable participation. Finally, a special thanks to the following individuals and agencies who gave their time and resources to make our March 2018 charette such a great success: • Annette Williams, San Francisco Municipal Transportation Agency • Jamie Parks, San Francisco Municipal Transportation Agency • Kevin Jensen, San Francisco Public Works • Arfaraz Khambatta, San Francisco Mayor’s Office on Disability Table of
    [Show full text]
  • Road Safety Action Group Inner Melbourne Name of Project: Door Knock 2012 Project Number: 0010
    RSAGIM Door Knock – Background Research Contents Executive Summary .................................................................................................... iii 1 Introduction ........................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Car dooring zone .......................................................................................... 1 1.2 Road rules .................................................................................................... 2 1.3 Objectives ..................................................................................................... 3 2 Crash Analysis ...................................................................................................... 4 2.1 Introduction ................................................................................................... 4 2.2 What is the prevalence of car dooring crashes? .......................................... 6 2.3 Which vehicle door presents the hazard? .................................................... 7 2.4 Where are car dooring collisions occurring? ................................................ 7 2.5 What is the injury severity? ........................................................................ 11 2.6 Who is injured? ........................................................................................... 13 2.7 How has the injury burden changed? ......................................................... 14 2.8 When are the crashes occurring? .............................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Approved-Bicycle-Master-Plan-Framework-Report.Pdf
    MONTGOMERY COUNTY BICYCLE MASTER PLAN FRAMEWORK abstract This report outlines the proposed framework for the Montgomery County Bicycle Master Plan. It defines a vision by establishing goals and objectives, and recommends realizing that vision by creating a bicycle infrastructure network supported by policies and programs that encourage bicycling. This report proposes a monitoring program designed to make the plan implementation process both clear and responsive. 2 MONTGOMERY COUNTY BICYCLE MASTER PLAN FRAMEWORK contents 4 Introduction 6 Master Plan Purpose 8 Defining the Vision 10 Review of Other Bicycle Plans 13 Vision Statement, Goals, Objectives, Metrics and Data Requirements 14 Goal 1 18 Goal 2 24 Goal 3 26 Goal 4 28 Goals and Objectives Considered but Not Recommended 30 Realizing the Vision 32 Low-Stress Bicycling 36 Infrastructure 36 Bikeways 55 Bicycle Parking 58 Programs 58 Policies 59 Prioritization 59 Bikeway Prioritization 59 Programs and Policies 60 Monitoring the Vision 62 Implementation 63 Accommodating Efficient Bicycling 63 Approach to Phasing Separated Bike Lane Implementation 63 Approach to Implementing On-Road Bicycle Facilities Incrementally 64 Selecting A Bikeway Recommendation 66 Higher Quality Sidepaths 66 Typical Sections for New Bikeway Facility Types 66 Intersection Templates A-1 Appendix A: Detailed Monitoring Report 3 MONTGOMERY COUNTY BICYCLE MASTER PLAN FRAMEWORK On September 10, 2015, the Planning Board approved a Scope of Work for the Bicycle Master Plan. Task 4 of the Scope of Work is the development of a methodology report that outlines the approach to the Bicycle Master Plan and includes a discussion of the issues identified in the Scope of Work.
    [Show full text]
  • Scott Lagasse, Jr
    Messenger Building a Bicycle-Friendly Florida Vol. 19, No. 1 • Winter 2016 OFFICIAL NEWSLETTER OF THE FLORIDA BICYCLE ASSOCIATION, INC. Fast Track Scott Lagasse, Jr. “Driving” the Alert Today to... Florida Message Home By Trenda McPherson & Alert Today Florida staff cott Lagasse, Jr. or “Scotty” as many of Sus have come to know him, is the official spokesperson for Alert Today Florida. Scotty pilots the Alert Today Florida NASCAR Xfinity Series Race Car and the Alert Today Florida NASCAR Camping World Truck Series Race Truck. Yes, he “pilots” them, because this guy FLIES around the track!? While many prefer a motor vehicle as their mode of transportation, Scotty’s Membership 2 preference, second only to the driver’s seat on race day, is his bicycle. He’s been an avid cyclist for most of his life. He rides Blue Light Corner 5 primarily for the health benefits, but he also enjoys the fresh air and the fresh perspective WHEELS Wrap 8-9 he gets when he rides. “Unfortunately, motorists don’t always Ask Geo 11 share the road with bicyclists, and there are some roads I don’t feel safe riding on Gears 101 12 because of it,” Scotty stated. He feels it’s important to “humanize” bicycling by Touring Calendar 14 reminding motorists that PEOPLE are on Scott Lagasse, Jr. proudly sported the FBA and new Alert Tonight Florida logos at the November bicycles. “Every Life Counts” is one of Alert Homestead race. (photo courtesy of Team SLR) Today Florida’s campaigns and one of the messages Scotty drives home through his and bicycle safety? Why not? Scotty is a or other event, or organizing the next new racing and appearances outside the track.
    [Show full text]
  • MINI-ROUNDABOUTS Mini-Roundabouts Or Neighborhood Traffic Circles Are an Ideal Treatment for Minor, Uncontrolled Intersections
    MINI-ROUNDABOUTS Mini-roundabouts or neighborhood traffic circles are an ideal treatment for minor, uncontrolled intersections. The roundabout configuration lowers speeds without fully stopping traffic. Check out NACTO’s Urban Street Design Guide or FHWA’s Roundabout: An Information Guide Design Guide for more details. 4 DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS COMMON MATERIALS CATEGORIES 1 2 Mini-roundabouts can be created using raised islands 1 SURFACE TREATMENTS: and simple markings. Landscaping elements are an » Striping: Solid white or yellow lines can be used important component of the roundabout and should in conjunction with barrier element to demarcate be explored even for a short-term demonstration. the roundabout space. Other likely uses include crosswalk markings: solid lines to delineate cross- The roundabout should be designed with careful walk space and / or zebra striping. consideration to lane width and turning radius for vehicles. A mini-roundabout on a residential » Pavement Markings: May include shared lane markings to guide bicyclists through the street should provide approximately 15 ft. of 2 clearance from the corner to the widest point on intersection and reinforce rights of use for people the circle. Crosswalks should be used to indicate biking. (Not shown) where pedestrians should cross in advance of the » Colored treatments: Colored pavement or oth- roundabout. Shared lane markings (sharrows) should er specialized surface treatments can be used to be used to guide people on bikes through the further define the roundabout space (not shown). intersections, in conjunction with bicycle wayfinding 2 BARRIER ELEMENTS: Physical barriers (such as route markings if appropriate. delineators or curbing) should be used to create a strong edge that sets the roundabout apart Note: Becase roundabouts allow the slow, but from the roadway.
    [Show full text]
  • How to Drive, Walk & Bike in a Roundabout
    What do the signs at a REMEMBER roundabout mean? Look and plan ahead. Slow down! Pedestrians go first. When entering or Roundabout ahead. exiting a roundabout, yield to pedestrians at the crosswalk. Look to the left, find a safe gap, then go. Choose your destination. Start planning your route. Don’t pass vehicles in a roundabout. Remember to signal. There are two entry lanes to the roundabout. Choose the correct lane for your destination. Yield to all traffic in the roundabout including TRANSPORTATION AND pedestrians at crosswalks. ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES Remember you may have 150 Frederick Street, 7th Floor to stop! Kitchener ON N2G 4J3 Canada Phone: 519-575-4558 Flag exit signs identify Email: [email protected] street names for each leg of the roundabout. For more information check our website: www.GoRoundabout.ca Yield here to pedestrians. www.GoRoundabout.ca Updated January 2011 MOWTO HAT IS A ROUNDABOUT? HOW TO DRIVE IN A ROUNDABOUT TIPS FOR CYCLISTS A roundabout is an intersection at which ᮣ Slow down when A cyclist has two choices at a roundabout. Your all traffic circulates counterclockwise approaching a choice will depend on your degree of comfort riding roundabout. in traffic. around a centre island. ᮣ Observe lane signs. For experienced cyclists: Choose the correct ● Ride as if you were driving entry lane. a car. Yield Line ᮣ Expect pedestrians ● Merge into the travel lane Central and yield to them at before the bike lane or shoulder ends. Island all crosswalks. ● Ride in the middle of your lane; don’t hug the curb. Turning right and turning left ᮣ Wait for a gap in ● Use hand signals and signal as if you were a traffic before motorist.
    [Show full text]
  • Arrive in Copenhagen Upon Arrival at the Copenhagen Airport, Claim Your Luggage and Clear Customs
    VBT Itinerary by VBT www.vbt.com Scandinavia: Denmark & Sweden Bike Vacation + Air Package Indulge in two of Europe’s most bike-friendly countries – VBT style! Crisp sea air, breathtaking coastal vistas along flat cycling paths and deeply held Scandinavian traditions make this Sweden and Denmark bike tour impossible to resist. Begin and end your seaside sojourn in Copenhagen, and set out on invigorating rides that deliver you to Hamlet’s front door at Elsinore castle … to sandy beaches, forests, and meadows along the Kattegattleden, one of Europe’s most heralded cycling routes … to charming villages steeped in history … and to one of Europe’s most stunning gardens. Along the way, immerse yourself in Scandinavian culture when you partake in a fika (coffee break), tap your feet to folk music and savor an authentic smörgåsbord buffet presented by a local chef. Cultural Highlights Discover the bike-friendly culture of two of Scandinavia’s most fascinating countries: Denmark 1 / 9 VBT Itinerary by VBT www.vbt.com and Sweden. Enjoy magnificent sea views on easy coastal routes, including the Kattegattleden bike path, Europe’s Cycle Route of the Year 2018. Explore Hamlet’s moody castle of Elsinore on a guided tour, then ferry across the narrow Öresund to Sweden. Savor a smörgåsbord dinner catered by a local chef and seasoned with insights into Sweden’s most famous style of dining. What to Expect This tour offers a combination of easy terrain and moderate hills and is ideal for beginning and experienced cyclists. Our VBT support vehicle is always available for those who would like assistance with the hills.
    [Show full text]
  • Traffic-Light Intersections
    Give Cycling a Push Infrastructure Implementation Fact Sheet INFRASTRUCTURE/ INTERSECTIONS AND CROSSINGS TRAFFIC-LIGHT INTERSECTIONS Overview Traffic-light intersections are inherently dangerous for cyclists. However, they are indispensable when cyclists cross heavy traffic flows. Cycle-friendly design must make cyclists clearly visible, allow short and easy maneuvers and reduce waiting time, such as a right-turn bypass or an advanced stop-line. On main cycle links, separate cycle traffic light and cycle-friendly light regulation can privilege cycle flows over motorized traffic. Background and Objectives Function Intersections are equipped with a traffic control system when they need to handle large flows of motorized traffic on the busiest urban roads, often with multiple lanes. A cycle-friendly design can greatly improve safety, speed and comfort, by increasing visibility, facilitating maneuvers and reducing waiting time. Scope Traffic-light intersections are always a second-best solution for cyclists, in terms of safety. Actually, traffic light intersections with four branches are very dangerous and should be avoided in general. Dutch guidance states that roundabouts are significantly safer than traffic lights for four- branch intersections of 10,000 to 20,000 pcu/day. In practice, traffic lights are used when an intersection needs to handle large flows of motorized traffic speedily. They can handle up to 30,000 pcu/day, more than is possible with a roundabout. These will typically include at least one very busy distributor road with multiple traffic lanes (50 km/h in the built-up area, higher outside the built-up area). Often, these busy roads are also of great interest as cycle links.
    [Show full text]