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North American Species of Rubus L. (Rosaceae) Described from European Botanical Gardens (1789-1823)

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North American Species of Rubus L. (Rosaceae) Described from European Botanical Gardens (1789-1823) adansonia 2021 43 8 DIRECTEUR DE LA PUBLICATION / PUBLICATION DIRECTOR: Bruno David Président du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle RÉDACTEUR EN CHEF / EDITOR-IN-CHIEF : Thierry Deroin RÉDACTEURS / EDITORS : Porter P. Lowry II ; Zachary S. Rogers ASSISTANT DE RÉDACTION / ASSISTANT EDITOR : Emmanuel Côtez ([email protected]) MISE EN PAGE / PAGE LAYOUT : Emmanuel Côtez COMITÉ SCIENTIFIQUE / SCIENTIFIC BOARD : P. Baas (Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Wageningen) F. Blasco (CNRS, Toulouse) M. W. Callmander (Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève) J. A. Doyle (University of California, Davis) P. K. Endress (Institute of Systematic Botany, Zürich) P. Feldmann (Cirad, Montpellier) L. Gautier (Conservatoire et Jardins botaniques de la Ville de Genève) F. Ghahremaninejad (Kharazmi University, Téhéran) K. Iwatsuki (Museum of Nature and Human Activities, Hyogo) A. A. Khapugin (Tyumen State University, Russia) K. Kubitzki (Institut für Allgemeine Botanik, Hamburg) J.-Y. Lesouef (Conservatoire botanique de Brest) P. Morat (Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris) J. Munzinger (Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Montpellier) S. E. Rakotoarisoa (Millenium Seed Bank, Royal Botanic Gardens Kew, Madagascar Conservation Centre, Antananarivo) É. A. Rakotobe (Centre d’Applications des Recherches pharmaceutiques, Antananarivo) P. H. Raven (Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis) G. Tohmé (Conseil national de la Recherche scientifique Liban, Beyrouth) J. G. West (Australian National Herbarium, Canberra) J. R. Wood (Oxford) COUVERTURE / COVER : Réalisée à partir des Figures de l’article/Made from the Figures of the article. Adansonia est indexé dans / Adansonia is indexed in: – Science Citation Index Expanded (SciSearch®) – ISI Alerting Services® – Current Contents® / Agriculture, Biology, and Environmental Sciences® – Scopus® Adansonia est distribué en version électronique par / Adansonia is distributed electronically by: – BioOne® (http://www.bioone.org) Adansonia est une revue en flux continu publiée par les Publications scientifiquesdu Muséum, Paris Adansonia is a fast track journal published by the Museum Science Press, Paris Les Publications scientifiques du Muséum publient aussi / The Museum Science Press also publish: Geodiversitas, Zoosystema, Anthropozoologica, European Journal of Taxonomy, Naturae, Cryptogamie sous-sections Algologie, Bryologie, Mycologie, Comptes Rendus Palevol Diffusion – Publications scientifiques Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle CP 41 – 57 rue Cuvier F-75231 Paris cedex 05 (France) Tél. : 33 (0)1 40 79 48 05 / Fax : 33 (0)1 40 79 38 40 [email protected] / http://sciencepress.mnhn.fr © Publications scientifiques du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, 2021 ISSN (imprimé / print) : 1280-8571/ ISSN (électronique / electronic) : 1639-4798 North American species of Rubus L. (Rosaceae) described from European botanical gardens (1789-1823) Abraham VAN DE BEEK Petenbos 8 3904 BN Veenendaal (The Netherlands) [email protected] Mark P. WIDRLECHNER Iowa State University Departments of Horticulture and of Ecology, Evolution, & Organismal Biology 360 Bessey Hall, 2200 Osborn Drive, Ames, Iowa 50011 (United States) [email protected] Submitted on 6 May 2020 | accepted on 6 August 2020 | published on 12 April 2021 Van de Beek A. & Widrlechner M. P. 2021. — North American species of Rubus L. (Rosaceae) described from Euro- pean botanical gardens (1789-1823). Adansonia, sér. 3, 43 (8): 67-98. https://doi.org/10.5252/adansonia2021v43a8. http://adansonia.com/43/8 ABSTRACT Native Rubus were brought from North America to European botanical gardens in the 18th and early 19th centuries, and some were described as new species. Limited knowledge of Rubus in that era, typi- cally combined with brief descriptions, led to many incorrect interpretations, causing much confusion (especially in North America). We established a project to clarify the identity of these confusing species by reviewing types and descriptions along with comparative work involving modern collections. We identified seven putative North American Rubus species named from early European garden collec- tions: R. villosus Aiton, R. vulpinus Poir., R. pensilvanicus Poir., R. flagellaris Willd., R. inermis Willd., R. heterophyllus Willd., and R. argutus Link, and four other names in the early European botanical literature of possible North American origin: R. decumbens Thunb., R. inermis Thunb., R. enslenii Tratt., and R. floridus Tratt. We affirmed the current applications of R. flagellaris, R. argutus, and R. enslenii. Rubus villosus is identical with R. leviculus L.H. Bailey, while the taxon to which R. vil- losus was generally applied in the 19th century, R. allegheniensis Porter, appears to be identical with R. vulpinus. Rubus heterophyllus Willd. was identified as an earlier name for R. plicatifolius Blanch. Rubus inermis Willd. is identical with R. ulmifolius Schott and must have originated in the Old World. Thunberg’s other American Rubus, R. decumbens, can be identified as R. arundelanus Blanch. Rubus floridus remains a puzzle. If its type represents a sample of a determinate flowering branch from a large, mounding dewberry, it is closest to R. grimesii L.H. Bailey, but it could also have been taken from KEY WORDS a side-branch from an unknown upright blackberry. Another name for which identity could not be Rosaceae, definitively established is R. pensilvanicus. It is allied with R. allegheniensis, but its type is insufficient Rubus, Europe, to determine if it is an extreme form of that species, a related taxon, or a hybrid of it with a species batology, of section Arguti (Rydb.) L.H. Bailey. We propose the name, R. revealii sp. nov. for the corymbose to European gardens, weakly racemose Arguti previously considered as R. pensilvanicus sensu L.H. Bailey. Herein, we lecto- lectotypifications, neotypifications, typify R. abactus L.H. Bailey, R. arundelanus, R. decumbens, R. grimesii, R. inermis Thunb.,R. invisus new species. (L.H. Bailey) Britton, and R. vulpinus, and designate neotypes for R. argutus and R. heterophyllus. ADANSONIA, sér. 3 • 2021 • 43 (8) © Publications scientifiques du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris. www.adansonia.com 67 Van de Beek A. & Widrlechner M. P. RÉSUMÉ Les espèces nord-américaines de Rubus L. (Rosaceae) décrites depuis des jardins botaniques européens (1789-1823). Les Rubus indigènes ont été amenés d’Amérique du Nord dans les jardins botaniques européens au XVIIIème et au début du XIXème siècle, et certains ont été décrits comme de nouvelles espèces. Une connaissance limitée de Rubus à cette époque, généralement associée à de brèves descriptions, a conduit à de nombreuses interprétations incorrectes, provoquant beaucoup de confusion (en particulier en Amérique du Nord). Nous avons établi un projet pour clarifier l’identité de ces espèces déroutantes en examinant les types et les descriptions ainsi que des travaux comparatifs impliquant des collections modernes. Nous avons identifié sept espèces putatives deRubus d’Amérique du Nord nommées d’après les premières collections de jardins européens : R. villosus Aiton, R. vulpinus Poir., R. pensilvanicus Poir., R. flagellaris Willd., R. inermis Willd., R. heterophyllus Willd., et R. argutus Link, et quatre autres noms de la première littérature botanique européenne d’origine nord-américaine possible: R. decumbens Thunb., R. inermis Thunb.,R . enslenii Tratt., et R. floridus Tratt. Nous avons confirmé les applications actuelles de R. flagellaris, R. argutus et R. enslenii. Rubus villosus est identique à R. leviculus L.H. Bailey, tandis que le taxon auquel R. villosus était généralement appliqué au XIXème siècle, R. allegheniensis Porter, semble être identique à R. vulpinus. Rubus heterophyllus Willd. a été identifié comme un nom antérieur pour R. plicatifolius Blanch. Rubus inermis Willd. est identique à R. ulmifolius Schott et doit provenir de l’Ancien Monde. L’autre Rubus américain de Thunberg, R. decumbens, est identifié comme R. arun- delanus Blanch. Rubus floridus reste un casse-tête. Si son type représente un échantillon d’une branche florifère déterminée d’une grande mûre-monticule, il est le plus proche de R. grimesii L.H. Bailey, mais il pourrait également avoir été prélevé sur une branche latérale d’une mûre verticale inconnue. Rubus MOTS CLÉS pensilvanicus est un autre nom pour lequel l’identité n’a pas pu être définitivement établie. Il est allié à Rosaceae, R. allegheniensis, mais son type est insuffisant pour déterminer s’il s’agit d’une forme extrême de cette Rubus, Europe, espèce, d’un taxon apparenté, ou d’un hybride de celui-ci avec une espèce de la section Arguti (Rydb.) batologie, L.H. Bailey. Nous proposons le nom, R. revealii sp. nov. pour l’Arguti corymbifère à faiblement racémeux jardins européens, précédemment considéré comme R. pensilvanicus sensu L.H. Bailey. Ici, nous lectotypifionsR . abactus lectotypifications, néotypifications, L.H. Bailey, R. arundelanus, R. decumbens, R. grimesii, R. inermis Thunb.,R . invisus (L.H. Bailey) Brit- espèce nouvelle. ton, et R. vulpinus, et désignons les néotypes pour R. argutus et R. heterophyllus. INTRODUCTION MATERIAL AND METHODS Several native Rubus plants were brought from North America From literature published in the interval between the first edi- to European botanical gardens in the 18th and early 19th tion of Linnaeus’ “Species Plantarum” (Linnaeus 1753) and the centuries. Botanists who worked in these gardens described completion of the monograph “Rubi Germanici” by Weihe
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