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Polen Und Die Europäisierung Der Ukraine FREIE UNIVERSITÄT BERLIN, FACHBEREICH POLITIK- UND SOZIALWISSENSCHAFTEN, OTTO-SUHR-INSTITUT FÜR POLITIKWISSENSCHAFT Polen und die Europäisierung der Ukraine Die polnische Ukraine-Politik im Kontext der europäischen Integration Dissertation zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades Doktor der Philosophie (Dr. phil.) eingereicht am Otto-Suhr-Institut für Politikwissenschaft der Freien Universität Berlin von Dipl.-Pol. mgr Weronika Priesmeyer-Tkocz geb. am 29.12.1979 in Wrocław (Polen) Gutachter: 1. Prof. Dr. Helmut Wagner 2. Prof. Dr. Eckart D. Stratenschulte Bewertung: Magna cum laude Berlin, 2. Juli 2010 Inhaltsverzeichnis Inhaltsverzeichnis .................................................................................................................................. 2 Abbildungsverzeichnis ........................................................................................................................... 7 Abkürzungsverzeichnis .......................................................................................................................... 8 Kapitel 1: Einleitung ............................................................................................................................. 11 1.1. Einführung in die Problematik ....................................................................................................... 11 1.2. Forschungsgegenstand .................................................................................................................. 13 1.2.1. Die Fragestellung und ihre Relevanz ............................................................................................ 13 1.2.2. Stand der Forschung .................................................................................................................... 15 1.2.2.1. Europas Politik nach Osten .................................................................................................. 15 1.2.2.2. Polnische Außen- und Ukraine-Politik ................................................................................. 17 1.2.3. Das Forschungskonzept ............................................................................................................... 20 1.2.3.1. Ziel und Zeitrahmen ............................................................................................................. 20 1.2.3.2. Die theoretisch-methodologische Grundlage ...................................................................... 21 1.2.3.3. Begriffserklärung .................................................................................................................. 22 1.3. Aufbau der Arbeit ......................................................................................................................... 23 1.3.1. Die europäisch-ukrainischen Beziehungen .................................................................................. 23 1.3.2. Die polnisch-ukrainischen Beziehungen ....................................................................................... 25 1.3.3. Einwirkung Polens auf die Ukraine im europäischen Kontext ...................................................... 28 1.4. Quellenbasis ................................................................................................................................. 29 1.5. Danksagungen .............................................................................................................................. 30 Kapitel 2: Europäisierung ..................................................................................................................... 31 2.1. Abgrenzung zu Transformationsforschung .................................................................................... 31 2.2. Das Konzept der Europäisierung ................................................................................................... 32 2.3. Entwicklung des Konzepts ............................................................................................................. 35 2.3.1. Mitgliedseuropäisierung .............................................................................................................. 35 2.3.2. Beitrittseuropäisierung ................................................................................................................ 35 2.3.3. Nachbarschaftseuropäisierung .................................................................................................... 38 2.4. Konditionalität und Sozialisierung in der Praxis ............................................................................ 40 2.4.1. Politische Konditionalität ............................................................................................................. 40 2.4.2. Internationale Sozialisation ......................................................................................................... 42 2.4.3. Zwischenfazit ............................................................................................................................... 43 2.5. Theoretische Konkretisierung des Analysekonzepts ...................................................................... 45 Kapitel 3: Die Ukraine auf dem (Irr)Weg nach Westen ........................................................................ 46 3.1. Einleitung ...................................................................................................................................... 46 3.2. Die Ukraine nach dem Zerfall der Sowjetunion ............................................................................. 48 3.2.1. Gesellschaftspolitische Lage ........................................................................................................ 48 3.2.2. Wirtschaftliche Lage .................................................................................................................... 52 3.2.3. Außenpolitische Richtlinien .......................................................................................................... 56 3.2.3.1. Grundzüge der Außenpolitik ................................................................................................ 56 3.2.3.2. Russische Föderation und postsowjetische Integrationsstrukturen .................................... 57 3.2.3.3. Die Vereinigten Staaten und das nordatlantische Bündnis ................................................. 62 3.3. Die Ukraine auf dem Weg nach Europa ......................................................................................... 66 3.3.1. Interessen ..................................................................................................................................... 66 3.3.2. Die ukrainische Europa-Politik ..................................................................................................... 67 3.3.3. Zwischenbilanz 2004: Die Ukraine auf demokratischen Irrwegen ............................................... 70 3.4. Die Ukraine nach der „Orangenen Revolution“ ............................................................................. 75 3.4.1. Die erneute „europäische Wahl“ der Ukraine .............................................................................. 75 3.4.3. Krise der „Orangenen Koalition“ .................................................................................................. 76 3.5. Zusammenfassung ........................................................................................................................ 80 Kapitel 4: Der Westen auf dem (Um)Weg in Richtung Ukraine ............................................................ 81 4.1. Einleitung ...................................................................................................................................... 81 4.2. Die vertraglichen Grundlagen ....................................................................................................... 82 4.2.1. Partnerschafts- und Kooperationsabkommen ............................................................................. 82 4.2.2. Evaluation des PKA ...................................................................................................................... 84 4.2.3. Die Gemeinsame Strategie .......................................................................................................... 86 4.2.4. Die Beitrittsperspektive ................................................................................................................ 87 4.2.5. Die Ukraine und die EU-Erweiterung ........................................................................................... 89 4.3. Die Ukraine und die Europäische Nachbarschaftspolitik ............................................................... 91 4.3.1. „Everything but Institutions“ ....................................................................................................... 91 4.3.2. Relativierung der ukrainischen Ambitionen ................................................................................. 95 4.3.2.1. Ukraine als Hauptadressat der ENP ..................................................................................... 96 4.3.2.2. Reaktion der Ukraine ........................................................................................................... 97 4.3.3. Der Ukraine-Aktionsplan .............................................................................................................. 98 4.3.4. Nach der „Orangenen Revolution“: Alles bleibt beim Alten ....................................................... 100 4.3.5. Bilanz: Mehr Aufmerksamkeit für Osteuropa ...........................................................................
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