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Organization of Tour Guiding MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND SCIENCE OF UKRAINE SIMON KUZNETS KHARKIV NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF ECONOMICS O. Sushchenko O. Akhmedova ORGANIZATION OF TOUR GUIDING Textbook Kharkiv S. Kuznets KhNUE 2020 1 UDC 338.481(075) C89 Authors: Doctor of Science in Economics, Professor O. Sushchenko – unit 3; PhD in Public Administration, Associate Professor O. Akhmedova – units 1, 2. Рецензенти: завідувач кафедри туристичного та готельно-ресторанного біз- несу та консалтингу Національного університету біоресурсів і природокористування України, д-р екон. наук, доцент Д. І. Басюк; доцент кафедри туризму і готельного господарства Харківського національного університету міського господарства імені О. М. Бекетова, канд. геогр. наук М. М. Поколодна. Рекомендовано до видання рішенням ученої ради Харківського національного економічного університету імені Семена Кузнеця. Протокол № 7 від 04.05.2020 р. Самостійне електронне текстове мережеве видання Sushchenko O. C89 Organization of Tour Guiding [Electronic resource] : textbook / O. Sushchenko, O. Akhmedova. – Kharkiv : S. Kuznets KhNUE, 2020. – 234 p. (English) ISBN 978-966-676-777-9 The theoretical framework of the tour guiding organization in the world and Ukraine has been presented. The main trends in the tour guiding development have been elicited. The concepts of tour guiding and tourist guide, the approaches, objectives and tools have been considered. Particular attention has been paid to the students' ability to understand the essence, types and peculiarities of the development and conducting of excursions/ tours, methodical techniques of the demonstration and narration, the ability to provide differentiated services to certain target audiences, organize walking and bus tour guiding services, provide and ensure tourists' safety during guided tours. For Bachelor's (first) degree students of speciality 242 "Tourism". UDC 338.481(075) © Sushchenko O., Akhmedova O., 2020 © Simon Kuznets Kharkiv National ISBN 978-966-676-777-9 University of Economics, 2020 2 Introduction The topicality of the educational discipline "Organization of Tour Guiding" is defined by the demand to master and implement new approaches and standards of tourist services in the highly competitive modern tourism market. It is preconditioned by the necessity of the domestic and inbound tourism improvement and development, which ensures the growth of innovation and investment potential of the national economy. Organization of tour guiding as a priority area of the tourism industry, within certain limits, forms economic, scientific, cultural, educational, environ- mental safety of the country, provides development of technologically related branches of the national economy. Moreover, tour guiding is an integral part of national and cultural revival of Ukraine as it presumes deep knowledge of history and ancient traditions of the Ukrainian people. To increase attractiveness of the territory and country for local, national and international tourists, tour operators and tour agents should not only research and pay attention to the market demand but also develop existing local sightseeing facilities, cultural and natural heritage of the destinations, design new excursions and routes on the scientific basis taking into account the requirements of modern excursion methods and standards harmonized with the EU and world requirements. The discipline study is based on the appropriate level of the general knowledge and skills acquired when students study general, humanitarian and special subjects. The academic discipline "Organization of Tour Guiding" introduces students to the theoretical and practical issues of tour guiding, its environment, management practices and skills as they engage in tour guidance frameworks. Students are trained to reflect on different events to become familiar with industry practice. Using the inquiry approach, they examine and evaluate the issues and explore the prospects for a sustainable future of the industry. In the course of studies, students acquire the following competences: the ability to understand the essence, types and peculiarities of the develop- ment and conducting of excursions/tours, the methodical techniques of demon- stration and narration, the ability to provide differentiated services to certain target audiences, the ability to organize the walking and bus tour guiding services; the ability to provide and ensure tourists' safety during guided tours. 3 Special attention is paid to the issues of contractual relations between different partners involved in the tour guiding service, namely, guided tour service contracts, contracts with transportation and catering companies. Rights, responsibilities and obligations of each party are described and explained. In the textbook, a widespread paradigm of the student-centred learning is introduced which means that students take on the role of tourist guides to offer a themed, theoretically informed tour through the urban landscape of Kharkiv, Ukraine. The tour offers an enjoyable, challenging, rigorous yet flexible form of assessment that can be effectively transferred to a wide range of contexts. Feedback suggests that students are very positive about the tours both in terms of what they learn and as an experience. The tours allow the students to take on the role of leaders of a guided walk and actively use the knowledge received during the lectures and field lessons. Special questionnaires help the students assess their own achieve- ments in the discipline as well as comment on the classmates' progress concerning personally prepared tours. Each chapter of the textbook has questions for consideration and individual tasks, which help to deepen students' knowledge of the subject. There are also case studies that provide practical training on the topics discussed. Students may work individually and in teams developing research, decision-making and communication skills that can lead them to professional hospitality careers in tourism, tour guiding, entertainment, resorts, tourist attractions, festivals and events, tourism businesses. The academic discipline "Organization of Tour Guiding" is a fundamental academic discipline, obligatory according to the curriculum of Bachelor's (first) degree students of speciality 242 "Tourism". 4 Unit 1 The theory and history of tour guiding Guided tours can be found at more or less all places where tourism exists. Robert Orben 1. The concept of the excursion and tour guiding, its history, stages of development in Ukraine and the world 1.1. The main definitions of tour guiding. 1.2. The concept of a guided tour and a tourist guide. 1.3. The history and evolution of guided tours. 1.4. The formation and development of tour guiding in Ukraine. 1.5. Tour guiding in the political context. 1.6. Tourist guide associations. 1.1. The main definitions of tour guiding Tour guiding is a multifaceted type of business activity that has certain peculiarities in different countries depending on their history and specifics of development. Therefore, definitions and notions of tour guiding as well as meanings implied by these notions may vary from country to country. In this paragraph, the definitions accepted in our country are presented. Tour guidance is a unified scientific direction that encompasses any knowledge about tour guiding – general and specific, theoretical and practical, abstract and concrete. Tour guidance is a complex scientific discipline that reveals the essence of interrelated sectors of the tour guiding activity: theories, methods, practices and Organization of provision of tour guiding services at tourism enterprises – tour agencies and tour operators, and also studies the history of the tour guiding development. Tour guidance belongs to the social sciences and is closely related to the sciences like local and regional history, museum studies, pedagogy, logic, management, marketing, tourism. Researchers of the tour guiding seek to: study the historical development of the tour guiding theory and practice and changes that evolved over time from a range of disciplines and what factors have contributed to this; 5 consolidate the knowledge of tour guiding and predetermine how current and future trends might impact the tour guiding research and practice; critically examine the phenomenon of socio-philosophical meaning of tour guiding as a form of multifunctional activity; identify the variety of practical forms and methods of tour guiding; develop the methodological bases for the assessment of the tour guiding potential of territories (ranging from city streets to cultural heritage and natural tourism attractions, from luxury tourist lodging establishments to national park campgrounds, and from highly developed destinations to very remote ones in both developed and developing regions) and determine the potential demand for the tour guiding services; forecast tour guiding development in conditions of market uncertainty; identify the ways for improvement of the quality and efficiency of tour guiding; Tour guiding theory is a set of views, ideas, methodology, functions, thesis and provisions, which are the basis of the tour guiding business in the country. It reveals the following concepts: a tour and its functions, main features and aspects; the methodology and technique; classification of tours; the tour guiding method; peculiarities of demonstration and narration; a dif- ferentiated approach to the tour guiding service; competences and profes- sional skills of the tour guide. Some guidelines of the tour guiding theory
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