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Conceptual Study of a Fast Landing Craft Unit

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Conceptual Study of a Fast Landing Craft Unit Conceptual Study of a Fast Landing Craft Unit Part 1 - Design KTH Centre for Naval Architecture MIKAEL RAZOLA [email protected] 070-7104074 TORVALD HVISTENDAHL [email protected] 070-4856392 Master Thesis KTH Centre for Naval Architecture Stockholm, Sweden, February 2010 2 ABSTRACT The purpose of this thesis is to develop an initial design of a new Landing Craft Unit (LCU). A LCU is a specialized craft that is used to transport heavy vehicles such as battle tanks from a capital platform at sea to the shore. The capital platforms, within NATO called Landing Platform Docks (LPD), embark and disembark the LCUs over a well deck at the stern. A majority of the LCUs in use today have insufficient performance, which highly limits the tactics of an amphibious operation. This study presents the initial design of a completely new Fast Landing Craft Utility (FLCU). The craft is a catamaran with two lightweight demihulls connected by a transversally and vertically movable cross structure carrying a cargo platform. The movable cross structure makes it possible for the craft to reduce its draught and adjust its beam. These are two key advantages since the craft can disembark in shallow water and fit into a variety LPDs. The FLCU measures 20 m over all and is designed to carry one battle tank with a weight of 62 tonnes. Fully loaded, the craft can maintain 20 knots in sea state 3 and in unloaded condition up to 30 knots. It is designed for autonomous control. One of the key aims of this thesis is to provide a material that shows the feasibility of the proposed craft. This was done using a number of different analysis techniques, such as hydrodynamic and hydrostatic calculations to prove the seaworthiness and performance of the craft. The scantlings are determined using the DNV rules for classification of High Speed, Light Craft and Naval Surface Craft in combination with more detailed FEM analysis to further secure the feasibility of the concept. 3 PREFACE The work of this thesis was carried out during the autumn of 2009 and the winter of 2010 at the SSPA office in Stockholm. The task was commissioned by SSPA and carried out under the supervision of David Eckerdal, consultant at SSPA and Doctor Anders Rosén researcher at the Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm. We would like to send our appreciation and special thanks to: Jesper Lodenius, David Eckerdal, Hans Liljenberg and Ulf Mansnérus at SSPA, for their input and support during the work at SSPA. Anders Rosén at KTH, for his encouragement and support. Stockholm February 2010 Mikael Razola Torvald Hvistendahl 4 1. TABLE OF CONTENTS Abstract...........................................................................................................................................................................3 Preface.............................................................................................................................................................................4 1. Table of contents..................................................................................................................................................5 2. Introduction ..........................................................................................................................................................6 2.1. Purpose .........................................................................................................................................................6 2.2. Method..........................................................................................................................................................6 2.3. Report ...........................................................................................................................................................7 2.4. Vision ............................................................................................................................................................7 3. Specification of requirements.............................................................................................................................9 3.1. Cargo Vehicles.............................................................................................................................................9 3.2. Landing Platform Dock, LPD ................................................................................................................10 3.3. Conclusions................................................................................................................................................11 4. Concept................................................................................................................................................................12 4.1. Benchmarking............................................................................................................................................12 4.2. The Concept of FLCU.............................................................................................................................12 5. Initial design ........................................................................................................................................................15 5.1. General arrangement ................................................................................................................................15 5.2. Hull structural design................................................................................................................................17 5.3. Cargo Control System (CCS) design ......................................................................................................18 5.4. Platform Structural design .......................................................................................................................19 5.5. Propulsion and maneuvering...................................................................................................................20 5.6. Hydrostatics and stability.........................................................................................................................20 5.7. Seakeeping..................................................................................................................................................21 6. Conclusions.........................................................................................................................................................22 7. Future work.........................................................................................................................................................24 7.1. Hydromechanics........................................................................................................................................24 7.2. Structure......................................................................................................................................................24 7.3. Systems........................................................................................................................................................24 8. References ...........................................................................................................................................................25 5 2. INTRODUCTION Large assault ships mainly carry out the transport of troops and heavy vehicles, such as tanks to an area of operation close to a shore. They are within NATO called Landing Platform Docks (LPD) and have the capability to disembark and embark landing crafts over a well deck. The well deck is a floodable deck in the stern of the ship. By flooding the deck the ship can lower itself and dock/launch different landing craft units (LCUs), which carry out the transports from the LPD to the shore. The landing crafts have traditionally been fairly simple constructions mainly built to manage the transportation in calm sea state, over short distances and in a completely secured area. Further more; most of them are constructed to land at standard NATO beaches, which limits the possibility to attack by surprise since their possible landing areas are highly predictable. Today the tactics of amphibious operations has changed, making the need for technical improvements of the landing crafts fairly urgent. Among the demands are better action radius, higher speeds and a more autonomous behaviour of the LCU. Despite the apparent need to meet these demands, the development of new technical LCU solutions is still only in its cradle. 2.1. PURPOSE The purpose of this thesis is to make a conceptual study and initial design of a new FLCU, Fast Landing Craft Utility. The analysis incorporates; hull geometry, general arrangement, weight analysis, hydrostatic analysis, hydrodynamic analysis, structural arrangement and finally dimensioning of the structure. Much of the work is targeted to the U.K royal navy and their future needs. The reasons for this are several. The British Royal Navy has a clear need for new landing craft technology. Their main platforms are of NATO standard, meaning that a craft compatible with British Royal Navy can be expected to be useable within other navies. This was also one of the main requests, which together with the specification of requirements were set up by the job initiator Swedish maritime consulting company, SSPA Stockholm. 2.2. METHOD The work follows the fairly canonical design spiral common in ship design. It consists of a set of main activities, which many times are depending
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