Combat Support and Combat Service Support

COMBAT SUPPORT AND COMBAT SERVICE SUPPORT

Under the Program Executive Office for Combat Support & Combat Service Support (PEO CS&CSS), project managers, together with their reporting product managers and product directors, are responsible for Army systems and some joint service programs across all phases of their life cycle. Program phases fall into the areas of: pre-systems acquisition (concept refine- ment or technology development), gener- ally consisting of research and develop-

350 ARMY I October 2010 ment programs and prior to a Milestone B; systems acquisition (between Milestone B and full materiel release); systems after full materiel release (in production and fielding phases); and two types of sustainment (operations and support): systems Logistics support that have completed fielding, are no longer vessel (LSV) in production and are managed directly by the project manager and systems that have completed fielding, are no longer in production and are managed by an Army Ma- teriel Command commodity command, but for which the PM is the life-cycle manager. PEO CS&CSS Project Managers include: Project Manager Force Projection, Project Manager Joint Combat Support Systems, Project Manager Tactical Vehicles and Pro- ject Manager Mine Resistant Ambush Pro- tected Vehicles. A representative sampling Army,” the Product Director for Army combat vehicles and sustainment cargo. of their programs follows. Watercraft Systems (PD AWS) is working The 313-foot LSV class vessel, designed to to provide “a flexible and responsive fleet, carry more than 2,000 tons of deck cargo, Project Manager Force Projection projecting and sustaining America’s forces has a beam of 60 feet and a molded depth The Project Manager Force Projection through the 21st century.” PD AWS is re- of 19 feet. It provides intratheater move- (PMFP) encompasses Product Director sponsible for the engineering, production, ment to remote underdeveloped coastlines for Army Watercraft Systems (PD AWS), fielding, initial logistics support and mod- and inland waterways. The LSV is the pri- Product Manager Bridging, Product Man- ernization/modification of the Army’s mary joint logistics over-the-shore (JLOTS) ager Combat Engineer/Material Handling fleet of watercraft and associated support vessel. It also assists in unit deployment Equipment (PM CE/MHE), Product Man- equipment, all of which enable the war- and relocation. The LSV fleet will begin a ager Force Sustainment Systems (PM FSS), fighter to rapidly project and sustain the service life extension program this year, and Product Manager Petroleum and Wa- nation’s armed forces. which will include changes to command, ter Systems (PM PAWS). The Logistics Support Vessel (LSV) control, communication, computers, intel- With an understated motto of “Sail provides worldwide transportation of ligence, surveillance and reconnaissance

October 2010 I ARMY 351 (C4ISR) and integrated bridge systems, from the centerline of the large, medium meet future force lift and access require- hull and engineering systems, and force speed roll-on/roll-off (LMSR) ships. ments by filling a capability gap to resup- protection upgrades as well as improve- ply deployed future brigade combat team ments to crew messing and living spaces Future Army Watercraft Systems (BCT) and joint forces rapidly. Future force and deck equipment. The future Army watercraft programs operational concepts dictate that these plat- The Landing Craft Utility (LCU) 2000 include the joint high speed vessel, harbor- forms need a bridging technology that en- provides worldwide transport of combat master command-and-control center and ables them to access any entry point, even vehicles and sustainment cargo. It also vessel-to-shore bridging. bare-beach environments. The new VSB supports intratheater and tactical resupply. The Joint High Speed Vessel (JHSV) is technology will enhance watercraft’s abil- The LCU 2000 has a length of 174 feet, a key element for transforming the Army’s ity to conduct self-supporting operations in beam of 42 feet and loaded draft of 9 feet. watercraft capabilities. The JHSV is the an austere operational environment. In- The LCU 2000 can carry 350 tons of deck Army’s next-generation self-deploying vesting in VSB will enhance fort-to-port cargo. The LCU 2000 fleet is nearing com- watercraft. It brings an entirely new capa- sustainment for the future force. pletion of a C4ISR upgrade, which provides bility set to the force by filling critical ca- state-of-the-art communication equipment, pabilities gaps in rapid, tactical response Product Manager Bridging navigational equipment and safety of life- and operational maneuver ability of expe- Product Manager Bridging interfaces at-sea electronics. ditionary and modular forces. The JHSV is with other defense organizations on a The Large Tug (LT) 128’ is used for an interoperable platform that can work in range of existing and emerging bridging transocean/coastal towing operations and tandem with the Navy and Marine Corps systems including the Armored Vehicle for assisting with the docking/undocking in any waterborne theater to deploy equip- Launched Bridge (AVLB), Improved Rib- of large ships. The LT 128’ is outfitted to ment, cargo and troops. The JHSV enables bon Bridge (IRB), Standard Ribbon Bridge provide salvage, rescue and firefighting units to maneuver into the battlespace (SRB), Bridge Erection Boat (BEB), Com- assistance to other vessels and shore in- with little to no reception, staging, onward mon Bridge Transporter (CBT), Rapidly stallations on a limited basis. The LT 128’ movement and integration in the forward Emplaced Bridge System (REBS), Dry Sup- fleet recently completed an extensive mod- area; it can also provide follow-on sustain- port Bridge (DSB) system, M3 Medium ification program, which included lower- ment through minor and degraded ports. Girder Bridge (MGB), Joint Assault Bridge ing the pilothouse and upgrading the fuel Leveraging technologies developed within (JAB), Assault Breacher Vehicle (ABV), Im- tank systems and bow fendering. the commercial sector and DoD, the JHSV proved Boat Cradle (IBC), Bridge Adapter The 900 Class Small Tug mission is will be faster, more capable and more sur- Pallet (BAP) and Line of Communication moving logistical supplies and equipment vivable than current-generation water- Bridge (LOCB). The Dry Support Bridge in harbor and inland waterways. The craft. The first JHSV is currently under system and the Improved Ribbon Bridge small tug also provides the capability to construction with delivery planned for De- provide representative examples. assist larger tugs in docking and undock- cember 2011, after which the vessel will The Dry Support Bridge (DSB) pro- ing all types of ships and watercraft and undergo post-delivery test and trials for vides the Army with assault and support can be used in routine harbor utility work. approximately 10 months. The Army plans bridging for gaps of up to 40 meters. The The Landing Craft Mechanized (LCM8), to procure five JHSVs. DSB replaces the outdated, manpower- used in utility work, features a specialized The Harbormaster Command and Con- and time-intensive medium girder bridge Mod 2 program. This provides additional trol Center (HCCC) will provide 24-hour (MGB) with a mechanical system capable capabilities of command and control, per- real-time vessel tracking, in-transit visibil- of emplacing a 40-meter bridge with 14 sonnel transfer and light salvage. ity, movement tracking, full joint interop- soldiers in 90 minutes or less. In addition, The Modular Causeway System (MCS) erability, secure and nonsecure communi- the DSB will improve current bridge load- provides a means to move cargo from ship cations, and real-time meteorological and carrying capacity, moving it up to military to shore across unimproved beaches in ar- bathymetric data. It will be fully digitized. load classification (MLC) 96 for wheeled eas of the world where fixed port facilities The Vessel-to-Shore Bridging (VSB) ca- traffic, such as an M1 tank uploaded on a are unavailable, denied or otherwise unac- pabilities are key enablers for the JHSV and heavy equipment transporter. The DSB is ceptable. The sections are made from mod- current fleet vessels in meeting assured ac- designed for transportation as a palletized ular, ISO-compatible modules. The four cess requirements. In addition, VSB will load by the CBT, palletized load system systems are configured from basic modules in various configurations: roll-on/roll-off discharge facility; causeway ferry; floating causeway (FC); and warping tug. The Barge Derrick (BD) Crane 115 Ton is used primarily in discharging heavy loads beyond the capacity of the ship’s gear and assisting in salvage operations. The crane provides the lift and reach needed to discharge the heaviest of the projected Army cargo—the M1A2 main battle tank—

Joint high speed vessel (JHSV)

352 ARMY I October 2010 (PLS) trailers or by service support units equipped with PLS trucks. The Improved Ribbon Bridge (IRB), which was fielded beginning in 2004, im- proves mobility by providing a continuous roadway or raft capable of crossing MLC 96 (wheeled)/80 (tracked) vehicles over nonfordable wet gaps. M9 armored combat The Product Manager Combat Engi- earthmover (ACE) neer/Material Handling Equipment (PM CE/MHE) coordinates and supports a wide range of compaction equipment, quarry and asphalt equipment, rough terrain container handlers, cranes, dozers, excavators, forklifts, graders and scrapers, loaders and airborne/air assault equipment. Program examples include new systems like the high-mobility engineer excavator, engineer used on the ground as a batch plant; and management responsibility for cargo aerial mission module-water distributor, paving the M6 dump body, which has a capacity of delivery equipment, field feeding and field machine, backhoe loaders, hydraulic exca- 12 to 14 cubic yards. Currently under devel- services systems, force provider base vators, light and heavy dozers, light and opment are the XM9 2,000-gallon water dis- camp, and shelter systems consisting of heavy loaders, heavy grader, asphalt mix- tributor for use with the Heavy Expanded shelters, heaters and camouflage netting. ing plants and skid steer loaders. These pro- Mobility Tactical Truck-Load Handling Sys- The Joint Precision Air Drop System grams support the current engineer forces tem (HEMTT-LHS) and the XM10 3,000- (JPADS) is a family of systems—Joint Pre- within Stryker, Heavy and Infantry BCTs, gallon water distributor for use with the cision Air Drop System 2,400 pounds ESC, vertical, horizontal, asphalt, concrete, PLS truck. Other modules being considered (JPADS 2K) has recently been type classi- bridge, quarry and route-clearance units. include a fuel module, a well-drilling sys- fied and is presently being fielded to au- PM CE/MHE also supports transportation, tem and a chemical decontamination unit. thorized units. It allows conventional mili- quartermaster, medical, aviation, and mili- The product office also has responsibil- tary aircraft to accurately drop sensors, tary police units. ity for the M9 Armored Combat Earth- munitions, and/or a huge range of sup- The High-Mobility Engineer Excavator mover (ACE), a highly mobile armored ve- plies onto the battlefield while minimizing (HMEE-I) is a nondevelopmental, military- hicle capable of performing mobility, the risk to aircraft and the possibility of en- unique vehicle that will be fielded to the countermobility and survivability tasks in emy detection of aircraft drop zones. The Army’s brigade combat teams and other se- support of light, medium or heavy forces systems use gliding parachute decelera- lected engineer units, replacing the Small on the integrated battlefield. First fielded tors, GPS-based guidance, navigation and Emplacement Excavator (SEE), whose life in 1986, this multipurpose engineer vehi- control, weather data assimilation and an cycle ended in FY 2005. The high mobility cle provides the operator with armor pro- airdrop mission planning tool to deliver of the HMEE-I provides an earthmoving tection for operation in the forward por- cargo with near pinpoint accuracy. The machine capable of maintaining pace with tion of the combat area. By raising the first combat JPADS cargo airdrop took the Army’s current and future combat sys- dozer blade and using its scraper blade, place at the end of August 2006. The Joint tems. The HMEE-I is a diesel-engine-driven, the M9 ACE can fill itself with ballast to Precision Air Drop System 10,000 pounds self-propelled, four-wheel-drive vehicle with improve dozing efficiency. (JPADS 10K) is currently in development a hydraulically operated front-mounted and testing. loader bucket and a hydraulically operated Product Manager Force Sustainment The Low Cost Aerial Delivery System rear-mounted backhoe bucket. The HMEE-I Systems (LCADS) is another family of aerial deliv- has a 1.5-cubic yard front-loader bucket, a The Product Manager Force Sustain- ery products that are on the opposite end 0.28-cubic yard backhoe bucket, a 14-foot ment Systems (PM FSS) has life-cycle of the technology spectrum compared to digging depth, and a climate-controlled cab. The HMEE-I was designed to maintain pace with maneuver units and has a top speed of 60 mph. Another recently emerging activity with a broad range of engineering applications involves the development of Engineer Mis- sion Modules. Permanently mounted on standard logistics flatracks, the modules are loaded via truck load-handling equipment, Low cost aerial which allows drivers to configure their sys- delivery system tems for a specific mission. By using fewer (LCADS) trucks and more modules, the concept provides a cost-effective means of modernizing the fleet of engineer construction equipment. PLS flatrack configurations in production include the M5 bituminous distributor, which has a capacity of 2,800 gallons; the M6 concrete mobile mixer, which has a capacity of 5 cubic yards when used on the PLS truck or trailer and 8 cubic yards when

October 2010 I ARMY 353 Modular fuel system (MFS)

JPADS. By means of simplified designs and use of commercially available low- cost materials, PM FSS has fielded an array of expendable parachutes and containers. These parachute and container assemblies are a cost-effective means of either battlefield resupply or providing humanitarian aid. Purpose-built for one-time use, these items are uniquely suited for employment in the combat environment where the recovery of aerial delivery equipment is either impractical or puts soldiers at risk. At Force Provider-Expeditionary range of petroleum laboratories, petro- 50 percent less cost than legacy aerial de- In response to the needs of the war- leum storage and distribution systems, livery equipment, LCADS provides tangi- fighter and combatant commanders, the water purification and treatment systems, ble dollar savings. In addition, because Force Provider base camp system, initially and water storage and distribution sys- LCADS parachutes come prepacked from developed as a deployable rest and recre- tems. the manufacturer, there is no need for ation system, has been repurposed into an The Petroleum Quality Analysis Sys- skilled parachute riggers to maintain and expeditionary base camp for sustainment tem-Enhanced (PQAS-E) is a fully-inte- prepare this equipment. This reduces para- of the soldier on the front lines, becoming grated fuel laboratory installed in an envi- chute rigger manpower requirements, re- affectionately known as the Army’s “home ronmentally controlled ISO shelter, mount- sulting in a smaller logistics footprint in away from home.” The expeditionary con- ed on a XCK2000E1 trailer with support the theater of operations. figuration features a 600-person module in equipment, supplies and a tent. The PQAS- In the field feeding area, the Multi-Tem- component sets that can be divided into E is a complete petroleum laboratory capa- perature Refrigerated Container System four equal company-size submodules. It ble of B-2 level testing on kerosene-based (MTRCS) will provide the capability to incorporates the use of an air-beam sup- and diesel fuels. System software provides transport and store refrigerated and frozen ported Tent, Extendable, Modular Person- an information database/expert system for products in a single container. The MTRCS nel (TEMPER) shelter, and TRICON-based the technician to consult in interpreting test will be used by quartermaster subsistence hygiene, laundry and feeding systems. results and in making recommendations for platoons at corps level and brigade combat The four equal submodules enable the the disposition of fuels. Data acquisition teams to support ration distribution and commander to deploy 150 personnel to equipment includes a modem that allows storage. The MTRCS consists of an insu- four separate locations without sacrificing the PQAS-E to quickly transmit test results lated 8-foot by 8-foot by 20-foot ISO con- any capability. This gives the commander to the requiring customers. The tent struc- tainer with an engine-driven refrigeration great flexibility in deciding where to base ture serves as a customer service area where unit that will allow operation on the move. combat power. The air-beam TEMPER samples can be received, logged and stored Two compartments inside the container are shelters make setting up the billeting and prior to processing. separated by a moveable partition, allow- administration tents a snap, reducing the The Modular Fuel System (MFS) is a ing the container to be tailored to the spe- time it takes to establish an entire 600-per- part of the family of mission modules devel- cific load. The result is more efficient space son camp from weeks to just a few days. oped specifically for use with the Palletized utilization and reduced transportation re- The tent’s air beams are inflated with an Load System (PLS) and the Heavy Ex- quirements. The MTRCS is constructed to air compressor, similar to filling an auto- panded Mobility Tactical Truck (HEMTT)- interface directly with the HEMTT-LHS for mobile tire with air; it takes less than 30 Load Handling System (LHS). The MFS transport. minutes to set up each tent. capitalizes on PLS/LHS enhanced mobility, For the field services area, the Mobile With the flooring and liner already inte- speed of download and multicommodity Integrated Remains Collection System grated into the tent, the only thing left to capabilities. By replacing fuel storage bags (MIRCS) will transform mortuary affairs do is hang lighting on prepositioned on the ground (FSSPs) with tank-racks in se- operations by providing a system that is re- straps, and the shelters are ready for move- lected division-and-below areas, bulk fuel sponsive, deployable, agile, versatile and in. The TRICON systems are shipped in storage becomes more relevant because of sustainable. The MIRCS provides a mobile their transportation configuration of 8 feet increased mobility, modularity and flexibil- facility for the initial processing and stor- by 8 feet by 6.5 feet and are easily and ity. The MFS is a rapidly deployable and re- age of human remains on the battlefield. It quickly expanded into their operational coverable fuel storage/distribution system is a self-contained, expandable, ISO com- footprint of a standard 20-foot ISO con- able to receive, store and issue fuels on the patible shelter with a receiving/processing tainer. These key features have the ability battlefield. The system has a 35,000-gallon area, administrative area, refrigerated stor- to air transport all necessary equipment for capacity and is transported by PLS/ age for 16 remains, and storage for opera- a complete 150-person camp in a single C- HEMTT-LHS and PLS trailers. The system tional supplies. It has an onboard power 17 aircraft, and, after reaching its final des- can be manifolded and placed into opera- generator and freshwater and wastewater tination, the submodule can be fully operation in one hour or less using four trained storage areas and includes all components tional in less than four hours with a trained 92F personnel. It can also be disassembled necessary to deploy, move and operate in crew of eight personnel, providing quality and packed for transport in one hour or less. support of the full spectrum of military latrine, shower, laundry, billeting and feed- The MFS system is composed of 14 baffled and peacetime disaster support operations. ing facilities for the warfighter. 2,500-gallon Tank Rack Modules (TRMs) The MIRCS is constructed to interface di- The Product Manager Petroleum and and two 600-gallon-per-minute Pump Rack rectly with the HEMTT-LHS for transport. Water Systems (PAWS) is responsible for a Modules (PRMs). Each TRM has onboard

354 ARMY I October 2010 storage compartments for hoses, nozzles, a four-person team. The AAFARS provides The Fuel System Supply Point (FSSP) fire extinguishers and grounding rods. Each the advantages of rapid deployment and consists of fabric storage tanks of various PRM has a diesel-engine-driven centrifugal agility as it is internally transportable by sizes, pumps, filter separators, fittings and pump, filter separator, sufficient hoses, refu- one UH-60 aircraft and can be air-em- hoses. The systems are containerized in eling nozzles, valves, fittings and an auxil- placed. The AAFARS enables forces to ISO-compatible modules. The FSSP is the iary pump for gravity discharge operations, rapidly refuel in forward areas, allowing primary system for receiving, storing and and fittings to establish eight retail and/or them to remain in the area longer to de- issuing fuel within a theater of operation. bulk dispensing points (total of 16 points stroy, dislocate, and disintegrate the en- The system configuration can be tailored per system). The system can also be fitted emy and make the transition to the next to situational requirements. The FSSP has with a fuel additive injector. The MFS is engagement. Used by aviation brigades, the flexibility to provide storage and deliv- ISO certified for transport through regular the AAFARS supports a variety of mis- ery of fuel for a few thousand to hundreds commercial shipping, and the TRM will sions when the ability to supply fuel by of thousands of gallons. It is capable of have the capability of low velocity airdrop ground transport is not possible or when rapid emplacement and recovery and can (LVAD). The Army does not have any leg- the urgency of the situation requires the be transported to the operational site by a acy storage/distribution system that can rapid establishment of forward refueling wide variety of transportation assets. compare to the increased mobility, capabil- capabilities. The Tactical Water Purification System ity, compatibility, maintainability, sustain- The Assault Hoseline System (AHS) is (TWPS) is a complete water purification ability and performance of the MFS. a mobile, cross-country, bulk fuel distribu- system that consists of feed water pump, The Advanced Aviation Forward Area tion system consisting of a diesel engine, a hoses, reverse-osmosis water purification Refueling System (AAFARS) is a modu- 350-gallon-per-minute (GPM) pressure- unit (ROWPU) elements, pre-filter, high- lar, four-point refueling system. The prin- regulated pump and 14,000 feet of 4-inch pressure pump, 60-kilowatt tactical quiet cipal components are: engine, pump, filter collapsible hose. The system includes a generator, 15,000-gallon water storage and and control modules, along with hoses, mechanical system for rapid deployment distribution system, and control panel. It nozzles, couplings, defueling pump, fuel and recovery of the hose. The AHS has the purifies up to 1,500 gallons per hour from blivets, fire suppression equipment, fuel capability to traverse all types of terrain freshwater sources and 1,200 gallons per spill containment berm, nozzles and fuel and can be deployed over obstacles 200 hour from any other water source, includ- test kit. The AAFARS replaces the Forward feet in length. The AHS replaces the hose- ing 60,000 total dissolved solids saltwater Area Refueling Equipment (FARE) on a line outfit on a one-for-one basis. Its rapid and nuclear, biological, chemical (NBC)- one-for-two basis. The AAFARS is an oper- hose emplacement and retrieval capability contaminated sources. It is mounted on an ationally responsive advancement in rapid enables force sustainment units to estab- ISO-configured flatrack to be LHS-PLS delivery of fuel to aviation units. The AA- lish refueling positions quickly throughout compatible and is transported to a water FARS is capable of deploying and initiat- the battlespace in support of theater and source, then unloaded for operation. It can ing operations in 20 minutes or less using division units. be loaded into a C-130 fixed-wing aircraft

October 2010 I ARMY 355 The Humvee

for delivery to small airports or landing strips. The system supplies potable water in supporting division and brigade units during ground, amphibious, airmobile and airborne operations. The TWPS can provide water for civilian agencies during disaster relief, humanitarian and peace- keeping missions. The Lightweight Water Purifier (LWP) is a complete water purification system that consists of feed water pump, hoses, ROWPU elements, pre-filter, high-pressure pump, 3-kilowatt tactical quiet generator, 1,000-gallon water storage and distribution system, and control panel. It purifies up to 125 gallons per hour from a freshwater source and 75 gallons per hour from saltwater and NBC-contaminated sources. It by the trailer. Under the Stryker brigade velocity airdrop (LVAD) certified (except will be mounted on skids that can be lifted combat team (SBCT) concept, the Camel for the maxi ambulance variants). The by four people and will normally be trans- will provide a maneuvering company op- Humvee can be equipped with a self-recov- ported in a two-soldier cargo Humvee. The erating in a temperate environment more ery hydraulic winch and can support pay- LWP can be transported by UH-60 heli- than two days of supply of water at a mini- loads from 2,500 to 5,100 pounds (including copter or C-130 fixed-wing aircraft. The mum sustaining consumption rate. The crew and pintle loads), depending on the LWP provides potable water for a wide Camel is the unit’s primary water distribu- model. range of military operations and is de- tion system and will be used by units at all Current production Humvees are built ployed with small units, special operations echelons throughout the battlefield, replac- on the expanded capacity vehicle (ECV) forces and for use in temporary medical fa- ing the M107, M149 and M1112 series 400- chassis. The ECV variants were first intro- cilities. gallon water trailers (Water Buffalo). duced in 1995 as the M1113 Shelter Carrier, The Forward Area Water Point Supply providing up to 5,100 pounds of payload, System (FAWPSS) is a portable, self-con- Project Manager Tactical Vehicles and the M1114 Up-armor Humvee (UAH), tained, potable water storage and distribu- Offices within the Project Manager Tac- to provide crew protection from small-arms tion system. Its 3,000-gallon capacity can tical Vehicles (PM TV) include: Product fire, overhead fragmentation from artillery support personnel in forward areas of the Manager Light Tactical Vehicles (PM LTV), and mortar shells, and underbody from an- battlefield, in arid regions, or other envi- Product Manager Medium Tactical Vehicles tipersonnel/antitank mines. Current pro- ronments where potable water is needed. (PM MTV), Product Manager Heavy Tacti- duction variants of the Humvee family in- The Load Handling System Compati- cal Vehicles (PM HTV) and Product Man- clude the M1151A1 ECV Armament Carrier, ble, Water Tank Rack (Hippo) represents ager Armored Security Vehicle (PM ASV). M1152A1 ECV Cargo/Troop/Shelter Car- the latest technology in bulk water distrib- The Product Manager Light Tactical rier, M1165A1 ECV Command and Control ution systems. The system is a mobile Vehicles (PM LTV) is responsible for the Carrier and the M1167 ECV TOW Missile hardwall system providing potable water Army’s High Mobility, Multipurpose Carrier vehicles. Like the M1114, the M1151 to theater and brigade units. The Hippo Wheeled Vehicle (Humvee) family of ve- has a rooftop weapon station that can ac- consists of a 2,000-gallon water tank rack hicles and Light Tactical Trailers (LTT). commodate an M60 machine gun, M2 ma- with pump, filling stand, and a 70-foot The versatile Humvee is the Army’s chine gun, Mk 19 grenade launcher or the hose reel with bulk suction and discharge most ubiquitous vehicle, providing a com- M240/M249. Unlike most earlier models, hoses. It is fully functional mounted or dis- mon, light tactical wheeled capability. The these latest versions are also designed for mounted and is transportable when full, Humvee is the Army’s (and other ser- the application of additional armor pack- partially full or empty. The Hippo pre- vices’) primary light wheeled vehicle for ages over their base protection levels, as the vents water from freezing at minus 25 de- combat, combat support and combat ser- mission profile dictates. grees Fahrenheit and is compatible with vice support missions. Humvees of all Humvee new production for the Army the HEMTT-LHS and the PLS truck and variants (but mostly up-armored versions) is scheduled to end in late 2010, although trailer. The Hippo replaces the Semi-trailer are currently deployed in support of oper- production for the other services and for- Mounted Fabric Tank (SMFT). It provides ations in Iraq and Afghanistan. eign military sales customers will continue the Army with the capability to receive, The Humvee family of vehicles consists into 2011. Included in the Army produc- store and distribute potable water for of multiple configurations built on a com- tion is a new M997A3 ambulance configu- cooking, drinking, showers and cleaning mon chassis to support weapon systems, ration, built on the ECV chassis, which is purposes. command-and-control systems and field planned specifically for the Army National The Unit Water Pod System (Camel) ambulances, and to provide ammunition, Guard to meet its homeland security and system will consist of an 800- to 900-gallon troop and general cargo transport. It is cur- natural disaster relief missions. Because of storage capacity tank, heater unit, govern- rently equipped with a high-performance the large numbers of Humvee variants ment-furnished M1095 medium tactical ve- 6.5-liter turbo-charged diesel engine, elec- found throughout the Army and the con- hicle (MTV) trailer, and contractor-devel- tronic automatic transmission and four- tinued need for their service into the fore- oped components mounted to or carried wheel drive. It is air transportable and low- seeable future, plans are currently being

356 ARMY I October 2010 Heavy equipment transporter system (HETS)

considered for a competitively awarded The FMTV achieves extraordinary com- M1147 FMTV load handling system (LHS) recapitalization program, which will mod- monality by sharing many subsystems and trailer, M1148 FMTV LHS truck, M1157 10- ernize and extend the useful life of the components in the 4x4 (LMTV), 6x6 (MTV) ton dump and XM 1160 medium extended Army’s Humvees. and companion trailer configurations. The air defense system (MEADS) carrier. FMTV The Light Tactical Trailer (LTT) is the trucks share, for example, common engine trailers include the M1082 trailer cargo 2.5 Humvee trailer. It has been tested and ap- assemblies (with different horsepower rat- ton and M1095 trailer cargo 5 ton. proved (materiel released) for use in accor- ings), cooling systems, transmissions, in- In addition, the office helps coordinate dance with the Humvee mission profile. take and exhaust systems, front axles and activities on M900 series 5-ton trucks as The LTT comes in three variants: M1101 suspension systems, tires and wheels, cab well as the M200 and M1061 special cargo (LTT-L), M1102 (LTT-H) and heavy chassis assembly, vehicle control gauges and trailers. (LTT-HC). much more. They differ primarily in num- The Product Manager Heavy Tactical The Product Manager Medium Tactical ber of axles (two versus three) and stan- Vehicles (PM HTV) addresses programs Vehicles (PM MTV) is responsible for the dard cargo bed size (12 feet versus 14 feet) including the Heavy Equipment Trans- Family of Medium Tactical Vehicles to accommodate different payload ratings porter System (HETS), Heavy Expanded (FMTV), including Light Medium Tactical (2.5 tons versus 5 tons) and body styles. Mobility Tactical Truck (HEMTT), Palletized Vehicles (LMTV), Medium Tactical Vehi- The FMTV deviates from predecessor Load System (PLS), flatracks, container han- cles, FMTV specialty vehicles and FMTV vehicle designs by having its tilt cab over dling and mission modules, M915 family trailers. the engine. This design approach con- of vehicles, fifth-wheel trailers and special The medium truck fleet has historically tributes to the Army’s goal of significantly trailers. accounted for more than half of the improving the deployability of units, since The M1070/M1000 Heavy Equipment Army’s single-lift payload capacity. In re- a typical FMTV vehicle is some 40 inches Transporter System (HETS) deploys, defining this vital fleet, Army planners shorter than the vehicle it replaces, requir- transports, recovers and evacuates com- took the opportunity to focus on a family ing less space aboard deploying aircraft or bat-loaded M1 tanks and other vehicles approach; that is, to combine both 2.5-ton surface shipping. This reduced length also of similar weight to and from the battle- and 5-ton payload classes into a single ac- contributes to a shorter turning radius and field. More than 600 have been deployed quisition program that would yield a lo- better offroad mobility. Offroad mobility is in support of overseas contingency oper- gistically significant degree of component further enhanced by a standard central tire ations (OCO). The M1070 tractor and commonality across all medium fleet vari- inflation system (CTIS) and state-of-the-art M1000 semitrailer replaced the M911/ ants. suspension. M747 as the Army’s latest model HETS. The Army’s requirement for medium LMTV systems include the M1078 2.5- The M1070/M1000 HETS was developed trucks is now more than 83,000 vehicles. ton standard cargo, M1079 2.5-ton van, to accommodate the increased weight of These vehicles are required across the en- M1080 2.5-ton chassis and M1081 2.5-ton the M1 Abrams family of main battle tire spectrum of combat, combat support standard cargo (LVAD) [low-velocity air tanks. The M1070 provides line-haul, lo- and combat service support units. They drop capable]. MTV systems include the cal-haul and maintenance evacuation on must perform roles such as unit mobility, M1083 5-ton standard cargo, M1084 5-ton and off the road during tactical opera- field feeding, water distribution, local and standard cargo with MHE, M1085 5-ton tions worldwide. line-haul transportation, maintenance plat- long cargo, M1086 5-ton long cargo with Unlike previous HETS, the M1070 is de- forms, engineer operations, communica- MHE (crane), M1088 5-ton tractor, M1089 signed to carry both the tank and its crew. tion systems, medical support and towing 5-ton wrecker, M1090 5-ton dump, M1092 Approximately 2,311 HETS have been artillery pieces. All medium vehicles must 5-ton chassis, M1093 5-ton standard cargo fielded to date. The M1070A1 HET tractor be capable of operating worldwide on pri- (LVAD), M1094 5-ton dump (LVAD) and has been updated with a new power train mary and secondary roads as well as on M1096 5-ton long chassis. with 200 additional horsepower, single- trails, and cross-country in weather ex- FMTV special vehicles include the M1087 speed transfer case for ease of operation, tremes from minus 50 to 120 degrees Fahr- expandable van, XM1140 high-mobility ar- and numerous front suspension and drive enheit. tillery rocket system (HIMARS) carrier, system updates to increase the safe operat-

October 2010 I ARMY 357 Heavy expanded mobility tactical truck (HEMTT)

ing load capacity of the vehicle steering and handling systems. The M1070A1 is designed with an armored A-kit cab and B- kit armor. The M1000 Semitrailer has been improved with a series of maintainability changes including self-adjusting brakes, central lubrication system at each axle, and a hydraulic system upgrade that reduces trailer raise/lower times and is expected to result in significant reliability growth. The new configuration HET, model M1070A1, and the enhanced M1000 semitrailer is in the process of production verification testing. The Heavy Expanded Mobility Tactical Truck (HEMTT) is the workhorse of Army combat divisions. It is the key combat ser- talize HEMTT vehicles to 0 miles/0 hours The PLS consists of a 16.5-ton payload vice support enabler for all brigade com- and to the A4 configuration, which consists tactical truck with a flatrack. It is a five- bat teams. The 11-ton, eight-wheel-drive of bumper-to-bumper recap of the entire axle, 10-wheel drive vehicle with a 500-hp family of vehicles is designed to operate in truck with the following technology inser- Detroit Diesel engine, an Allison automatic any climatic condition. tions: CAT 15 engine, electronic transmis- transmission and a CTIS. This combination There are several basic configurations of sion, ABS and traction control, and larger provides a highly mobile system able to the HEMTT-series trucks: the M977 cargo cab. The HEMTT A4 is designed with an transport its payload in virtually any type truck with light materiel-handling crane; armored A-kit cab and B-kit armor. of terrain or weather and maintain pace M985 cargo truck with medium materiel- The Palletized Load System (PLS) is with the self-propelled artillery systems handling crane; the M978 2,500-gallon fuel the primary component of the maneuver- that it supports. The PLS comes in two mis- tanker; the M983 tractor; the M984 wreck- oriented ammunition distribution system. sion-oriented configurations: the M1074 er; and the M1120 Load-Handling System Roughly 1,000 PLS are being used in over- and the M1075. The M1074 is equipped (LHS) and the M983 Light Equipment seas contingency operations. It also per- with a variable reach materiel-handling Transporter (LET), used in Stryker recovery forms local-haul, line-haul, unit resupply crane (MHC) to support forward-deployed operations and movement of heavy engi- and other transportation missions in the field artillery units. The M1075, without neer equipment. The HEMTT is used as a tactical environment. In addition, it is used MHC, is used in conjunction with the prime mover for the Patriot missile system, as the prime mover for the M7 Forward M1076 trailer to support transportation M7 forward repair system and tactical wa- Repair System and various engineer mis- line-haul missions. ter purification system and as the chassis sion modules (M4 Bituminous Distributor The M1076 PLS trailer is a three-axle, for the M1977 common bridge transporter, Module, M5 Concrete Mobile Mixer Mod- wagon-style trailer with a 16.5-ton pay- M1142 tactical firefighting truck and M1158 ule and M6 Dump Body Module). The PLS load capacity that is equipped with a flat- HEMTT-based water tender. The HEMTT is is also the host chassis for the dry support rack that is interchangeable between truck also compatible with the PLS trailer. bridge launcher vehicle (M1975). and trailer. The combination of truck and The HEMTT is augmented by the M989- A1 heavy expanded munitions ammunition trailer (HEMAT) in the transport of the Mul- tiple-Launch Rocket System (MLRS) family of munitions (MFOM). The HEMAT can transport four MFOM pods, each weighing approximately 5,400 pounds. The offroad capability of the HEMTT and HEMAT combination can transport eight MFOM pods. The M989A1 HEMAT is also required to transport six standard ammunition pallets (single stacked), two 600-gallon fuel pods or two 500-gallon fuel bladders. The HEMTT recap program will recapi-

Palletized load system (PLS)

358 ARMY I October 2010 M1117 armored security vehicle

such as rear area security, law and order operations, battlefield circulation and en- emy prisoner of war operations—over the entire spectrum of war and operations other than war as well as convoy protection missions. The ASV provides protection to the crew compartment, gunner’s station and the ammunition storage area. The turret is fully enclosed, with both an MK-19 40 mm grenade machine gun and a .50-caliber machine gun, and a multisalvo smoke grenade launcher. The ASV provides ballistic, blast and overhead protection for its four-person crew. The ASV, with a payload of 3,600 pounds, 400-mile-plus range, and top speed of nearly 70 miles per hour, en- trailer provides the combined payload ca- M915 Family of Vehicles sures both lethality and survivability to pacity of 33 tons. The flatracks are lifted on The Army’s M915-Series Line-Haul the warfighter. and off the truck and trailer by a hy- Tractors operate on highways and sec- In addition, on the ASV chassis, the U.S. draulic-powered arm mounted on the ondary roads to transport bulk supplies Army is fielding the M1200 Armored truck, eliminating the need for additional and fuel to U.S. forces. The Army’s line- Knight to provide improved survivability materiel-handling equipment. The controls haul fleet consists of the current M915 over the current M707 Knight (Humvee- for the arm are located inside the cab, al- family of vehicles (FOV) including the based Knight). Used by field artillery com- lowing the operator to load or unload the M915A5, M916A3 and M917A2 vehicles. bat observation lasing teams (COLTs) in truck in less than one minute without leav- The M915A5 is based upon Freightliner’s both Heavy and Infantry brigade combat ing the cab of the truck. The trailer can be commercial Western Star tractors and in- teams, the Armored Knight will combine loaded or unloaded in less than five min- corporates transport industry technologies the proven ASV with the M707 Knight Mis- utes using the remote-control arm. for safety, fuel efficiency and low operat- sion Equipment Package (MEP). The PLS can transport multiple cargo ing costs per mile. configurations by using a variety of flat- The M915-series fleet of vehicles is found PM Joint Combat Support Systems racks. The M1077 and M1077A1 flatracks primarily in active and reserve component The office of Project Manager Joint are sideless and used to transport pallets transportation units that are responsible for Combat Support Systems (PM JCSS) in- of ammunition and other classes of sup- the rapid, efficient transport of bulk sup- cludes the Product Manager Joint Light plies. The M1 flatrack carries identical plies from ocean ports to division support Tactical Vehicles (PM JLTV); Product Man- classes of supplies. It is ISO/CSC certified areas within a theater of operation. They are ager Sets, Kits, Outfits and Tools (PM and suitable for intermodal transport, in- used primarily to transport the M871 semi- SKOT); Product Director Test, Measure- cluding transport on container ships. Am- trailer (flatbed, 22.5 tons), M872 semitrailer ment and Diagnostic Equipment (PD munition can be loaded on the M1 at de- (flatbed, 34 tons), M967/M969 semitrailer TMDE); and Product Director Horizontal pots, transported via container ship to (5,000-gallon tanker), M1062 semitrailer Technology Insertion (PD HTI). theater, picked up by the PLS truck and (7,500-gallon tanker), and M1062A1 semi- Product Manager Joint Light Tactical carried forward without using any ma- trailer (9,000-gallon tanker). The M915A5 is Vehicles (PM JLTV) is responsible for the teriel-handling equipment. The walls fold the latest series and has a maximum gross Army’s participation in the Joint Light inward when empty to facilitate stacking combined vehicle weight of 120,000 pounds Tactical Vehicle (JLTV). The JLTV family for retrograde. The M3/M3A1 container when operating with the M872A4 semi- of vehicles and companion trailers is a cen- roll-in/roll-out platform is a flatrack that trailer. Only the M915A5 variant is in pro- tral component of the Army and Marine fits inside a 20-foot ISO container. The con- duction and fieldings are scheduled for FY Corps’ tactical wheeled vehicle strategy, tainer-handling unit is a kit installed on 2010. balancing long-term warfighter needs of the PLS that allows the direct load, trans- The M915A5 includes the improve- protection, performance and payload in a port and unload of 20-foot ISO containers ments over the legacy M915A3 with sus- transportable and expeditionary platform without an external flatrack. pension upgrades for increased weight ca- designed for global operations. The joint The PLS vehicle is in the process of up- pability for B-kits and an extended cab protection requirements found within the grade to incorporate a modern powertrain that is 10 inches wider and 34 inches JLTV specifications are designed to meet with increased horsepower, independent longer than the M915A3 crew cab. The our warfighters’ current and future surviv- suspension and an updated cab that is com- M915A5 is designed with an armored A- ability needs, packaged in a mobile, trans- mon with the latest HEMTT vehicles. The kit cab and B-kit armor. portable and expeditionary solution. updated PLS vehicles, model suffix A1, The Product Manager Armored Secu- The services are currently executing the have completed production verification rity Vehicle (PM ASV) has the mission to technology development (TD) phase in testing and are preparing to enter produc- develop, produce, field and sustain the which they will demonstrate the integration as new production and recapitalization M1117 Armored Security Vehicle to an ex- tion of mature technologies as a complete programs. The PLS A1 is long-term protec- peditionary force. The M1117 ASV is a tur- system, providing an assessment of the tion strategy (LTPS) compliant with A-Kit reted, armored, all-wheel drive vehicle technical and performance risks relevant cab and B-kit armor. that supports military police missions— to entering the engineering and manufac-

October 2010 I ARMY 359 Mine resistant ambush protected (MRAP) vehicles

turing development (EMD) phase and es- tablishing an achievable set of requirements for the JLTV program. JLTV features a design that supports mobility, reliability and maintainability within weight limits to ensure tactical transport to and from the battlefield. JLTV will use scalable armor solutions to meet requirements for added protection while maintaining load carrying capacity. Com- monality of components, maintenance procedures, and training between all variants will minimize total ownership costs. In May 2010, the Army and Marine Corps took delivery of TD phase vehicles, Product Manager Sets, Kits, Outfits weapons. MRAP features four vehicle cate- seven from each TD phase contractor, and Tools (PM SKOT) responsibilities in- gories: Category I for urban combat mis- marking the beginning of a 12-month test- clude diving equipment, sets, kits and out- sions; Category II for convoy escort, troop and-evaluation effort at Aberdeen Proving fits (stand-alone, shelter-mounted and mo- transport, explosive ordnance disposal and Ground, Md., and Yuma Proving Ground, bile), and shop sets/support equipment. ambulance missions; Category III for clear- Ariz., wherein armor coupons, ballistic Product Director Test, Measurement ing mines and improvised explosive devices hulls, vehicles and trailers will execute a and Diagnostic Equipment (PD TMDE) is (IEDs); and the M-ATV, a smaller, lighter- series of performance and reliability test- responsible for calibration sets (CALSETS), weight platform. The MRAP Vehicle Pro- ing that will include assessments from the Integrated Family of Test Equipment gram is the Department of Defense’s highest joint warfighters. (IFTE), At-Platform Automatic Test Sys- priority defense acquisition program. Vehicles will undergo performance and tems (APATS) and Off-Platform Automatic The Product Manager MRAP Vehicle ballistic testing at Aberdeen and reliability Test Sets (OPATS), and test equipment Systems was responsible for the initial ac- and maintainability (RAM) testing at modernization (TEMOD). quisition of the MRAP fleet of vehicles con- Yuma. Once performance testing is com- The Product Director Horizontal Tech- sisting of 16 discernable variants from five plete at Aberdeen, the vehicles will be sub- nology Insertion (PD HTI) is responsible different commercial manufacturers. Origi- jected to a limited user test, with soldiers for the Army’s Expedited Modernization nally envisioned as a few thousand vehicles and marines running the vehicles through Initiative Procedure (EMIP). As a “process” to assist with the growing threat of IEDs, the a series of vignettes soliciting feedback rather than a “product,” EMIP represents a fleet immediately demonstrated signifi- from the user jury. multiphased and continuous market re- cantly higher survivability than other vehi- Australian vehicles (delivered during search process. EMIP is primarily intended cles fielded. Follow-on acquisition based June and July 2010) will concurrently un- to suggest improvements to the current and on MRAP success now supports all five dergo testing with the U.S. vehicles, en- future fleet of CS&CSS vehicles and other services and Special Operations Command. hancing global interoperability between systems. The process seeks to identify in- The current MRAP fleet has grown to ap- the U.S. and Australian forces. The Aus- dustry’s investments in proven, advanced, proximately 17,000 vehicles. The smaller tralian vehicles feature righthand opera- commercial technologies at the component Category I vehicles in the 17- to 25-ton range tion; commonality with the lefthand-oper- and subsystem levels, at a technology readi- can carry a crew of up to eight, whereas the ation vehicles is around 95 percent for all ness level 7 or better, with the goal of EMIP larger Category II vehicles weigh as much three TD contractors. Different design ap- to educate government representatives as 40 tons and protect a crew of up to 10. proaches among the three TD contractors about these technologies. Information de- MRAP vehicles can be found in a multitude have shown no significant weight increase veloped as part of this market research will of missions and are the wheeled vehicle of for the righthand-operation design. be shared within the PEO CS&CSS, other choice for the most dangerous combat en- JLTV TD contractors will also deliver program executive offices and other ser- counters in current operations. one ballistic hull and vehicle prototype vices. Several other features make the MRAP with enhanced protection, called JLTV-A well-suited for its mission. As mentioned, Enhanced Protection (EP), during the TD PM Mine Resistant Ambush they provide significant protection from phase. This vehicle modification will in- Protected small arms from all angles and are espe- crease the inherent protection require- The Project Manager Mine Resistant cially adept at mitigating blast effects— ments originally required for the JLTV Cat- Ambush Protected (PM MRAP) vehicles much more so than lighter vehicles. Most egory A General Purpose vehicle by encompasses thousands of highly surviv- also have the ability to carry extra protec- improving its side and underbody protec- able MRAP vehicles under several product tion for other types of specialized threats if tion capabilities. The government will take managers, including Vehicle Systems, the mission dictates. All variants come delivery of the JLTV-A (EP) vehicle in Oc- MRAP All-Terrain Vehicles (M-ATV), and complete with a communications suite, a tober 2010. Assured Mobility Systems, frequently re- gunner’s turret and a chassis capable of Following the TD phase, the services in- ferred to as route-clearance vehicles (RCVs). much higher mobility than other vehicles tend to conduct another full and open MRAP vehicles are armored vehicles of similar weight. Overall, the MRAP fam- competition for the EMD phase, with a with a blast-resistant V-bottomed under- ily of vehicles provides incredible flexibil- Milestone B decision planned for the end body designed to protect the crew from ity and capability to the warfighter. of FY 2011. mine blasts, fragmentary and direct-fire While already considerably mobile, many

360 ARMY I October 2010 Category I vehicles have been scheduled to rain Vehicle (PM M-ATV) manages the The Buffalo Mine Protected Clearance receive suspension upgrades, including a newest member of the MRAP family. The Vehicle (MPCV) is a six-wheeled, mine- fully independent suspension system (ISS) M-ATV was designed to provide MRAP protected, armored personnel carrier with to replace the solid-axle system provided at levels of protection with offroad maneu- a one-piece body designed to provide sur- the time of initial purchase. Other enhance- verability in Afghanistan. The lighter weight vivability for a crew of six. The front, side ments planned for the fleet include the in- and smaller size also lend the vehicle to and rear armor provide small-arms protec- tegration of a remote weapons system, somewhat easier transportability. It can tion, while its V-shaped hull deflects blasts CROWS, as well as TOW/ITAS, interior carry up to five personnel—four plus a from mines/IEDs. The Buffalo MPCV has and exterior survivability enhancements, gunner. The M-ATV is used in small unit an articulated hydraulic arm mounted on ride and comfort upgrades, and lighting combat operations in highly restricted the front bumper and can be used to inves- packages. Some examples of Category I rural, mountainous and urban environ- tigate suspected mine/IED locations. The vehicles are: the MaxxPro Dash, MaxxPro ments. Missions include mounted patrols, Buffalo MPCV is used by engineer units Ambulance, Cougar A1, RG-31 A2 and reconnaissance, security, convoy protec- during area and route-clearance missions. Caiman. tion, communications, command and con- The Vehicle Mounted Mine Detection Vehicles in Category II also provide a trol, and combat service support. (VMMD) system consists of two Husky host of special capabilities. They include the Product Manager Assured Mobility vehicles operating in tandem to detect RG-33L, Cougar, RG-33 Ambulance, and Systems (PM AMS) is responsible for buried explosives. Each Husky has a de- RG-33 with add-on armor. Although some- managing the entire life cycle of develop- tection array mounted under the vehicle, what less mobile over uneven terrain, many ment, acquisition and sustainment of that is deployed during route-clearance of these vehicles will also receive suspen- route-clearance equipment for the Army. operations. If a suspected explosive is de- sion upgrades to enhance ride quality. Other This mission involves equipping the for- tected, the system marks the spot on the improvements include C4I, government-fur- ward-deployed route-clearance teams and ground for follow-up interrogation by ei- nished equipment and weapons suites. Cat- explosive ordnance disposal teams operat- ther the Husky, Buffalo or RG-31 fitted egory II vehicles make up approximately a ing in both Iraq and Afghanistan with the with an interrogation arm. third of the fleet and will continue to serve capability to detect, identify, interrogate The RG-31 MK5E vehicle is designed to in all theaters in highly protected troop and neutralize improvised explosive de- safely transport personnel or equipment in transport and warfighting roles. vices (IEDs). PM AMS vehicles are com- areas where mines and IEDs may be de- The MRAP Buffalo stands alone as the bined at the discretion of the field com- ployed due to the capabilities of the ar- one variant in Category III. It is physically mander to create the “route-clearance mored crew capsule. In addition, the hull larger than any other variant and weighs package” to support route-clearance teams. of the vehicle is designed utilizing a V- just as much as other up-armored variants. The future route-clearance company con- shape, which serves to provide mine blast Purpose-built for roadside bomb detection figuration of a route-clearance team will protection. The RG-31 MK5E is the interim and route clearance, the Buffalo uses a consist of a Buffalo, a vehicle-mounted solution for the Panther. highly maneuverable articulating arm to mine detection set consisting of two The Panther is a 6x6 wheeled vehicle de- investigate debris or other roadside materi- Husky vehicles and two medium mine signed to provide enhanced crew protec- als, providing a safe stand-off for soldiers. protected vehicles (MMPV), used for com- tion and system survivability with add-on The hull structure and other interior ap- mand and control. armor protection, an automatic fire extin- pointments all enhance the survivability of The AMS Family of Vehicles includes the guishing system, and a chemical, biological, the vehicle. Buffalo, Panther, RG-31 MK5E, VMMD radiological, nuclear or high-yield explo- The Product Manager MRAP All-Ter- and JERRV. sive overpressure system. There are three variants of the Panther: the XM1226 Engi- neer (holds four combat engineers, one robot and 180 cubic feet of storage), the XM1227 EOD (holds four explosive ordi- nance specialists, two robots and 197 cubic feet of storage) and the XM1229 Prophet (seats six soldiers for intelligence, surveillance, electronic warfare and target acquisition operations). The XM1226 provides soldiers the ability to transport, charge, configure and deploy the robot without compromising force protection. The Pan- ther has a rear hydraulic ramp for crew and robot ingress/egress, and the XM1226 has a bulkhead door separating the crew compartment from the cargo area. The Joint EOD Rapid Response Vehi- cle (JERRV) is a joint service, mine-protected vehicle with a primary role of supporting first responders such as explosive ordnance disposal specialists in neutraliz- ing improvised explosive devices, mines and other ordnance.

Buffalo mine protected clearance vehicle (MPCV)

October 2010 I ARMY 361