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Capa Oficial Franciéle Carneiro Garcês da Silva Organizadora Mulheres Negrasna BIBLIOTECONOMIA NYOTA soluções gráficas Franciéle Carneiro Garcês da Silva Organizadora MULHERES NEGRAS NA BIBLIOTECONOMIA Florianópolis, SC Rocha Gráfica e Editora Ltda. 2019 Nyota Coordenação do Selo Franciéle Carneiro Garcês da Silva Nathália Lima Romeiro Site: https://www.nyota.com.br/ Comitê Científico Andreia Sousa da Silva (UDESC) Priscila Sena (UFSC) Daniella Camara Pizarro (UDESC) Gláucia Aparecida Vaz (UFMG) Dirnéle Carneiro Garcez (UFSC) Graziela dos Santos Lima (UNESP) Nathália Lima Romeiro (UFMG) Andreza Gonçalves (UFMG) Bruno Almeida (UFBA) Erinaldo Dias Valério (UFG) Diagramação: Franciéle Carneiro Garcês da Silva Arte da Capa: Dirnéle Carneiro Garcez, Franciéle Carneiro Garcês da Silva. Revisão textual: Pedro Giovâni da Silva Ficha Catalográfica: Priscila Rufino Fevrier – CRB 7-6678 M958 Mulheres negras na Biblioteconomia / Franciéle Carneiro Garcês da Silva (Org.) - Florianópolis, SC: Rocha Gráfica e Editora, 2019. (Selo Nyota) 339 p. Inclui Bibliografia. Disponível em: <https://www.nyota.com.br/>. ISBN 978-85-60527-07-6 (e-book) ISBN 978-85-60527-06-9 (impresso) 1. Biblioteconomia. 2. Mulheres negras. 3. Biblioteconomia Negra. I. Silva, Franciéle Carneiro Garcês da. VI. Título. ESSA OBRA É LICENCIADA POR UMA LICENÇA CREATIVE COMMONS Atribuição – Uso Não Comercial – Compartilhamento pela mesma licença 3.0 Brasil1 É permitido: Copiar, distribuir, exibir e executar a obra Criar obras derivadas Condições: ATRIBUIÇÃO Você deve dar o crédito apropriado ao(s) autor(es) ou à(s) autora(s) de cada capítulo e às organizadoras da obra. NÃO-COMERCIAL Você não pode usar esta obra para fins comerciais. COMPARTILHAMENTO POR MESMA LICENÇA Se você remixar, transformar ou criar a partir desta obra, tem de distribuir as suas contribuições sob a mesma licença2 que este original. 1 Licença disponível em: <https://goo.gl/rqWWG3>. Acesso em: 01 jun. 2019. 2 Licença disponível em: <https://goo.gl/Kdfiy6>. Acesso em: 01 jun. 2019. SUMÁRIO PREFÁCIO ...............................................................................7 Ana Paula Meneses Alves A CIÊNCIA É MASCULINA E BRANCA: BREVES REFLEXÕES ........................................................................... 17 Geisa Müller de Campos Ribeiro ESCREVIVÊNCIAS NA BIBLIOTECONOMIA: AFROCENTRAR PARA EXISTIR ...................................... 41 Elisângela Gomes BIBLIOTECÁRIAS NEGRAS CEARENSES: CONTRIBUIÇÕES PARA A LUTA ANTIRRACISTA .... 67 Dávila Maria Feitosa da Silva CLARA STANTON JONES E SUA CONTRIBUIÇÃO PARA A BIBLIOTECONOMIA NEGRA AMERICANA ... ................................................................................................. 87 Franciéle Carneiro Garcês da Silva BAMIDELÊ: TRAJETÓRIA HISTÓRICA- INFORMACIONAL DA ORGANIZAÇÃO DAS MULHERES NEGRAS DA PARAÍBA ............................. 105 Leyde Klebia Rodrigues da Silva KETTY VALÊNCIO E A IMPORTÂNCIA DE LIVRARIAS ESPECIALIZADAS EM AUTORIA NEGRA .................. 143 Graziela Barros Gomes APRENDENDO COM CAROLINA MARIA DE JESUS A ENFRENTAR OS PRECONCEITOS E AS INFORMAÇÕES E NOTÍCIAS FALSAS ........................ 173 Dandara Baçã de Jesus Lima RACISMO IMPRESSO E EXPRESSO: A CULTURA DO RACISMO EM LETRAS, NÚMEROS E IMAGENS ...... 199 Denise Maria da Silva Batista Elisete de Sousa Melo REPRESENTACIONES SOCIALES DE LA LECTURA- ESCRITURA-ORALIDAD EN MUJERES NEGRAS DE LA CIUDAD DE MEDELLÍN (HISTORIAS DE VIDA) ...... 227 Natalia Duque Cardona DA REPRESENTAÇÃO SOCIAL À REPRESENTAÇÃO DO CONHECIMENTO: PERSPECTIVAS TEÓRICAS DAS MULHERES NEGRAS NA CIÊNCIA .................... 261 Vanessa Jamile Santana dos Reis José Carlos Sales dos Santos A HORA DO CONTO COMO RECURSO DE MEDIAÇÃO DE LEITURA NA BIBLIOTECA ESCOLAR E DISSEMINAÇÃO DA CULTURA AFRO BRASILEIRA ............................................................................................... 291 Raissa Gabrielle Cirilo SOBRE AS AUTORAS ....................................................... 333 Mulheres Negras na Biblioteconomia PREFÁCIO Ana Paula Meneses Alves A cultura não faz as pessoas. As pessoas fazem a cultura. Se uma humanidade inteira de mulheres não faz parte da nossa cultura, então temos que mudar nossa cultura. Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie (2015, p. 48). A obra Mulheres Negras na Biblioteconomia vem contribuir para um crescente movimento de pesquisadoras e pesquisadores negros de demarcar e fortalecer o seu espaço na Biblioteconomia e na Ciência da Informação, bem como consolidar a importância da luta antirracista e do respeito à diversidade étnico-racial e cultural. Este movimento, legítimo, vem para romper as barreiras da invisibilidade não admitida, do não dito, do não visto e do não refletido. Vem demonstrar que a Biblioteconomia ainda espelha o racismo estrutural3 inveterado na sociedade brasileira e que um dos caminhos, dentre as diferentes formas de organizações políticas, sociais, culturais e educacionais acionadas para transmutar tal situação, é agir e propor mudanças sociais como as 3 Segundo Silvio Almeida (2018, p. 38), o racismo é estrutural porque “[...] é uma decorrência da própria estrutura social, ou seja, do modo “normal” como se constituem as relações políticas, econômicas e jurídicas e até familiares, não sendo uma patologia social, e nem um desarranjo institucional”. 7 que trazem do esquecimento e conclamam para o protagonismo mentes e corpos que estavam silenciados. O protagonismo desta obra é, obviamente, o da MULHER. Escrevo mulher com todos os destaques possíveis, para que esses recursos tipográficos possam, de alguma maneira, representar o peso que essa palavra evoca. Heleieth Saffioti (2013, p. 507, grifo da autora), em sua obra de 1969, A mulher na sociedade de classes: mito e realidade, já nos alertava: “A determinação sexo é selecionada socialmente para operar como um filtro anterior e concomitante ao processo de competição, objetivando restringir o número de pessoas em condições de, legitimamente, dele [ordem social] participar”. Nas mais diversas épocas e na atualidade, observa-se que as desigualdades entre homens e mulheres ocorre em todos os espaços e nas mais diversas situações na nossa sociedade. Heleieth Saffioti (2013) reitera que a marginalização do trabalho da mulher se fez mais contundente após a Revolução Industrial, na origem do capitalismo. Em um trabalho hodierno, do recém lançado Observatório da Diversidade e da Igualdade de Oportunidades no Trabalho, criado no âmbito da iniciativa SmartLab de Trabalho Decente, uma cooperação do Ministério Público do Trabalho brasileiro (MPT) e da Organização Internacional do Trabalho (OIT), são revelados que: No Brasil, o rendimento mensal de mulheres no setor formal da economia é, em média, de 2,7 mil reais, ao passo que o dos homens é de 3,2 mil reais, apontam dados de 2017. Além disso, mulheres brancas recebem, em média, 76% do rendimento dos homens brancos, valores que são ainda menores para homens negros (68% dos homens brancos) e mulheres negras (55% dos homens brancos). 8 Mulheres Negras na Biblioteconomia Se considerados apenas os cargos de direção no setor privado, a disparidade de rendimentos entre homens e mulheres é ainda maior: o salário de homens é, em média, 10 mil reais superior ao das mulheres em cargos de direção (ORGANIZAÇÃO DAS NAÇÕES UNIDAS, 2019). Tais dados, além de reafirmarem as disparidades entre homens e mulheres, reafirmam as dessemelhanças entre mulheres e homens negros e mulheres e homens brancos, com o triste detalhe que a mulher negra se encontra abaixo de todos os outros grupos mencionados. Ao observar essa realidade, é evidente que a mulher negra sofre uma dupla opressão: uma por ser mulher e outra por ser negra. Djamila Ribeiro (2017, p. 86) também nos auxilia a compreender melhor o lugar de fala das mulheres sujeitas a essa dupla opressão: Numa sociedade como a brasileira, de herança escravocrata, pessoas negras vão experienciar racismo do lugar de quem é o objeto dessa opressão, do lugar que restringe oportunidades por conta desse sistema de opressão. Pessoas brancas vão experienciar do lugar de quem se beneficia dessa mesma opressão. Logo, ambos os grupos podem e devem discutir essas questões, mas falarão de lugares distintos. Compete-me lembrar que a Biblioteconomia ainda é reconhecida como uma profissão majoritariamente feminina (PIRES; DUMONT, 2016; LOBÃO; DAVID; PEREIRA; SALES, 2017). O estereótipo da bibliotecária é a representação de uma senhora, idosa, branca, coque no cabelo, livro aberto nas mãos ou com o dedo em riste indicando silêncio. Almeida Júnior (2017), retomando uma publicação original, também de sua autoria, mas de 1995, resume que esse estereótipo denota a caracterização de uma bibliotecária improdutiva, passiva, guardiã do passado, 9 ociosa, inútil, sem função social e funcionária pública (dado também ao clichê do mal atendimento). Observa-se, o quão aviltante é essa ideia preconcebida e indignamente repassada durante muitas décadas. Felizmente, há alguns anos, uma nova geração de profissionais tem se esforçado em subverter a forma como o profissional é visto pela sociedade. Mas, infelizmente, o ponto que queremos tocar, é que mesmo sob essa imagem estereotipada e depreciativa, a profissional negra, era invisibilizada no imaginário geral. Deste modo, é dentro do lugar de falar da mulher negra, na Biblioteconomia, que se concentra as publicações dessa obra. Os discursos se alinham para se fazerem ouvir por outras mulheres negras na área. Mas, para além destas mulheres, também se fazerem ouvir por toda a Biblioteconomia, rompendo os muros da
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